Progress 08/01/09 to 09/30/12
Outputs
OUTPUTS: I have participated in a Multistate Project during this time (Multistate 2757: "Biology Ecology and Management of Emerging Disease Vectors"). I have interacted with the state of Oklahoma Department of Public Health and the Tulsa County Health Department by providing mosquito surveillance for West Nile virus and expertise in mosquito identification. This included a full day short-course on mosquito identification given to the Tulsa Health Department. These activities were primarily during the spring and summer of 2008-2011. In addition, I have given 8 interviews with the popular local and national press involving general questions about mosquito biology. PARTICIPANTS: I have worked with several key people over the last several years. Through my former graduate student, Ms. Kelsey Paras, I have collaborated with several scientists in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Oklahoma State University: Dr. Susan Little, Dr. Mason Reichard, Dr. Lindsay Starkey and Dr. Roger Pancera. I worked with the state infectious disease epidemiologist, Dr. Kristy Bradley, of the Oklahoma Department of Health on the surveillance of mosquito vectors of West Nile virus and the Tulsa Health Department. I collaborated with Dr. L. Philip Lounibos and his research group of the Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, at the University of Florida. I collaborated with Dr. Sahotra Sarkar at the University of Texas, Austin, and Dr. Donald Yee at the University of Southern Mississippi. I worked with Drs. Carmen Greenwood and Valerie O'Brien (Oklahoma State University, Department of Entomology and plant pathology) and Drs. Fuhlendorf, Davis, Elmore and O'Connell (Oklahoma State University, Natural Resources and Environmental Management) on a large grant to look at the ecology of the northern bobwhite. I have also collaborated with Dr. Jack Dillwith examining the effects of temperature on mosquito energy storage. Recently, I began two master's students, Mr. Kenneth Masloski and Mr. Tyler Ward, both of whom are staying at Oklahoma State to complete their degrees. TARGET AUDIENCES: The project reported here primarily targets the research community in studies of mosquito biology. However, I worked with the state epidemiologist in Oklahoma to provide surveillance for West Nile virus from 2008-2011, thus helping all citizens in the state of Oklahoma. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: This project ends September of 2013, but I, Dr. Michael Reiskind, left Oklahoma State University in May of 2012, thus ending all active work under this project.
Impacts
The research conducted in my laboratory from August 2008 to May 2012 (the end of my employment at Oklahoma State University) resulted in many significant scientific discoveries (note publications below). These advances were in several areas of mosquito biology as it related to disease transmission: larval ecology (1-7), connections between larval ecology and disease transmission (8-10), vector competence of mosquitoes for arboviruses (11-13), parasitology (14,15), landscape ecology of mosquitoes (16), and adult behavior (17-18). I, along with various collaborators, have published seven peer-reviewed articles focused strictly on larval ecology of vector mosquitoes. This body of work focused on the interaction of competition, thought to be a major regulator of mosquito populations, and resources, which may limit mosquito populations. Most of the work looked at cohorts of mosquitoes, either in intra- or interspecific competition with a variety of plant derived resources (1,2,4-6). One of the studies examined how larval competition impacts adult survival, for which it was awarded "Best Paper in Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 2009-2010" from the Royal Entomological Society (3). One paper focused on the response of individuals (without competition) to temperature and food (7). I have also been part of three articles that have made specific connections between larval ecology and vector competence, thus making a direct connection from the ecological studies and risk of disease. These studies increased our understanding of the importance of the larval stage in determining the potential for disease transmission of dengue, and also the implications of alteration of the larval environment of epidemiology of these diseases (8-10). I have been part of three studies that have examined questions of vector competence for emerging pathogens. These studies represent the first work with the emerging arbovirus chikungunya in Florida mosquitoes (11) and had implications for how competence studies are conducted (12). A final study on this subject examined the deleterious effects of infection on the vector, an important consideration in studies modeling disease (13). I have been part of two studies that examined the prevalence of parasites in wild canids. These studies came out of a fruitful collaboration between me, my graduate student, Ms. Kelsey Paras, and several faculty in the School of Veterinary Medicine at Oklahoma State University. The first study examined the distribution of Trichinella spp. in coyotes (14), while the second focused on the mosquito-borne dog heartworm parasite, Dirofilaria immitis (15). I have been part of one study examining landscape patterns of mosquitoes (16). Finally, I have been part of two studies that specifically focused on adult behavior. The first represents one of a very small number of studies examining predation on adult mosquitoes, and one of only three that I know of looking at flying predators (in this case, a bat)(17). The second study examines oviposition behavior in response to variation in container physical parameters for Aedes albopictus (18).
Publications
- Reiskind, M.H., Green, K.E., and Lounibos, L.P. 2009. Leaf species composition and identity affect performance and oviposition choice of two container mosquito species. Ecological Entomology 34: 447-456. Reiskind, M.H. and Lounibos, L.P. 2009. Effects of intraspecific larval competition on adult longevity in the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 23: 62-68. Awarded Best Paper in Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 2009-2010 from the Royal Society of Entomology, UK.
- Reiskind, M.H., Zarrabi, A.A., and Lounibos, L.P. 2010. Invasive leaf resources alleviate density dependence in the invasive mosquito, Aedes albopictus. Biological Invasions 12 (7): 2319-2328.
- Reiskind, M. H., and A. A. Zarrabi. 2011. The importance of an invasive tree fruit as a resource for mosquito larvae. Journal of Vector Ecology 36: 197-203.
- Reiskind, M.H., A.A. Zarrabi and L.P. Lounibos. 2012. Effects of combination of leaf resources on competition in container mosquito larvae. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 102 (4): 424-434.
- Reiskind, M.H. and A.A. Zarrabi. 2012. Is bigger really bigger Differential Responses to Temperature in Measures of Body Size of the Mosquito, Aedes albopictus. Journal of Insect Physiology, 58 (7): 911-917.
- Alto, B.W., Lounibos, L.P., Mores, C.N. and Reiskind, M.H. 2008. Larval competition alters susceptibility of adult Aedes mosquitoes to dengue infection. Proceedings of the Royal Society Biological Sciences 275: 463-471.
- Alto, B.W., Reiskind, M.H., and Lounibos, L.P. 2008. Size alters susceptibility of dengue vectors to infection and dissemination. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 79(5): 688-695.
- K. L. Paras, S. E. Little, M. V. Reichard, M. H. Reiskind. 2012. Detection of Dirofilaria immitis and Ehrlichia spp. in coyotes, Canis latrans, from rural Oklahoma and Texas. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Disease. 12 (7): 619-621.
- Lounibos, L.P., O Meara, G.F., Juliano, S.A., Nishimura, N., Escher, R.L., Reiskind, M.H., Cutwa, M., and Greene, K. 2010. Differential survivorship of invasive mosquito species in South Florida Cemeteries: do site- specific microclimates explain patterns of coexistence and exclusion Annals of the Entomological Society of America 103 (5): 757-770.
- Reiskind, M.H. and Wund, MA. 2009. Experimental assessment of the impact of the northern long-eared bat on ovipositing Culex (Ditpera: Culicidae) mosquitoes. Journal of Medical Entomology 46 (5): 1037-1044
- Reiskind, M.H., and A.A. Zarrabi. 2012. Water surface area and depth determine oviposition choice in Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal of Medical Entomology 49 (1): 71-76.
- Westbrook, C.J., Reiskind, M.H., Green, K., and Lounibos, L.P. 2010. Larval environmental temperature and the susceptibility of Aedes albopictus to chikungunya virus. Vector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases 10 (3): 241-247.
- Reiskind, M.H., Pesko, K., Westbrook, C.J. and C.N. Mores. 2008. Susceptibility of Florida mosquitoes to chikungunya virus. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 78(3): 422-425.
- Reiskind, M.H. and M.L. Wilson. 2008. Interspecific competition between larval Culex restuans Theobald and Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) in Michigan. Journal of Medical Entomology 45(1): 20-27.
- Pesko, K., Westbrook, C.J., Lounibos, L.P., Mores, C.N. and Reiskind, M.H. 2009. Effects of infectious virus dose and blood meal delivery method on susceptibility of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus to chikungunya virus. Journal of Medical Entomology 46(2): 395-399.
- Reiskind, M.H., Westbrook, C.J. and Lounibos, L.P. 2010. Exposure to chikungunya virus and adult longevity in Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse). Journal of Vector Ecology 25 (1): 61-68.
- Reichard, M. V., K. E. Tiernan, K. L. Paras, M. Interisano, M. H. Reiskind, R. J. Panciera, and E. Pozio. 2011. Detection of Trichinella murrelli in coyotes (Canis latrans) from Oklahoma and North Texas. Veterinary Parasitology 182: 368-371.
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Progress 10/01/10 to 09/30/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: I am in the process of disseminating the results of our West Nile virus surveillance efforts, in collaboration with the Oklahoma Department of Health to participating units. As it is their primary role to communicate important findings to the public, I have left it to the participating units to inform the citizenry. I have also participated in a Multistate Project during this time (NE-1046 "Biology Ecology and Management of Emerging Disease Vectors"). PARTICIPANTS: I have worked with several key people over the last year. Through my former graduate student, Ms. Kelsey Paras, I continue to collaborate with several scientists in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Oklahoma State University: Dr. Susan Little, Dr. Mason Reichard, Dr. Lindsay Starkey and Dr. Roger Pancera. I continue to work with the state infectious disease epidemiologist, Dr. Kristy Bradley, of the Oklahoma Department of Health on the surveillance of mosquito vectors of West Nile virus. I also continue to collaborate with Dr. L. Philip Lounibos and his research group of the Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, at the University of Florida. I also collaborate with Dr. Sahotra Sarkar at the University of Texas, Austin, and Dr. Donald Yee at the University of Southern Mississippi. I have recently begun a collaboration with Drs. Carmen Greenwood and Valerie O'Brien (Oklahoma State University, Department of Entomology and plant pathology) and Drs. Fuhlendorf, Davis, Elmore and O'Connell (Oklahoma State University, Natural Resources and Environmental Management) on a large grant to look at the ecology of the northern bobwhite. TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
Our West Nile virus surveillance efforts found no positive mosquitoes in 2011. We have made considerable progress in our research program, completing a number of experiments on oviposition behavior, larval ecology and landscape ecology. We currently have four articles in press, with one published in 2011. In addition, I finished one graduate student, Ms. Kelsey Paras (MS, 2011) who is now attending the doctoral program in veterinary medicine at the Ohio State University. I gave an invited talk at the Southwest branch of the Entomological Society of America annual meetings in Amarillo, Texas.
Publications
- Reiskind, M.H. and Zarrabi, A.A. 2011 The importance of an invasive fruit as a resource for mosquito larvae. Journal of Vector Ecology 36 (1): 197-203.
- Reichard, M., Tiernan, K., Paras, K., Intersisano, M., Reiskind, M.H., Panciera, R., and Pozio, E. 2011 Detection of Trichinella murrelli in Coyotes in Oklahoma and North Texas. In press at Veterinary Parasitology.
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Progress 10/01/09 to 09/30/10
Outputs
OUTPUTS: I have disseminated the results of our West Nile virus surveillance efforts, in collaboration with the Oklahoma Department of Health and Tulsa County Public Health, to participating units. As it is their primary role to communicate important findings to the public, I have left it to them to inform the citizenry. I have given two seminars to professional meetings, the Florida Entomological Society in Jupiter, Florida and at the Entomological Society Meetings in San Diego, CA. I have also sent my research associate, Dr. Ali Zarrabi, to report on our work to the Southwest Branch of the Entomological Society of America. These seminars have shared the basic scientific findings of the project with an audience of interested scientists. I have also participated in a Multistate Project during this time (NE-1046 "Biology Ecology and Management of Emerging Disease Vectors"). PARTICIPANTS: I have worked with several key people over the last year. Through my graduate student, Ms. Kelsey Paras, I have established a collaboration with several scientists in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Oklahoma State University: Dr. Susan Little, Dr. Mason Reichard, and Dr. Roger Pancera. Through a post-doctoral associated funded through the Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology, Dr. Valerie O'Brien, I have begun a collaboration with Dr. Charles Brown at the University of Tulsa. I continue to work with the state infectious disease epidemiologist, Dr. Kristy Bradley, of the Oklahoma Department of Health on the surveillance of mosquito vectors of West Nile virus. I also continue to collaborate with Dr. L. Philip Lounibos and his research group of the Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, at the University of Florida. I also collaborate with Dr. Sahotra Sarkar at the University of Texas, Austin, and Dr. Donald Yee at the University of Southern Mississippi. TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
Our West Nile virus surveillance efforts found no positive mosquitoes. This allowed the public health agencies we work with to appropriately devote their scarce resources to more important issues in 2010. We also made considerable progress in our research program, completing a number of experiments on oviposition behavior, larval ecology and landscape ecology. These experiments are in the process of being analyzed and published. During 2010 we had four articles published and one accepted, in press, that will be published in 2011.
Publications
- Lounibos, L.P., OMeara, G.F., Juliano, S.A., Nishimura, N., Escher, R.L., Reiskind, M.H., Cutwa, M., and Greene, K. 2010. Differential survivorship of invasive mosquito species in South Florida Cemeteries: do site- specific microclimates explain patterns of coexistence and exclusion Annals of the Entomological Society of America 103 (5): 757-770. Reiskind, M.H., Zarrabi, A.A., and Lounibos, L.P. 2010. Invasive leaf resources alleviate density dependence in the invasive mosquito, Aedes albopictus. Biological Invasions 12 (7): 2319-2328.
- Reiskind, M.H., Westbrook, C.J. and Lounibos, L.P. 2010. Exposure to chikungunya virus and adult longevity in Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse). Journal of Vector Ecology 25 (1): 61-68.
- Westbrook, C.J., Reiskind, M.H., Green, K., and Lounibos, L.P. 2010. Larval environmental temperature and the susceptibility of Aedes albopictus to chikungunya virus. Vector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases 10 (3): 241-247.
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