Source: UNIV OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO submitted to NRP
MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF FUNGAL SYMBIOSES AND VIRULENCE: THE LAUREL WILT PATHOGEN RAFFAELEA LAURICOLA, INSECT SYMBIONT & PLANT PATHOGEN
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1032372
Grant No.
2020-67013-42968
Cumulative Award Amt.
$18,028.46
Proposal No.
2024-05308
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Jun 1, 2024
Project End Date
Feb 3, 2025
Grant Year
2024
Program Code
[A1171]- Plant Biotic Interactions
Recipient Organization
UNIV OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
(N/A)
CHICAGO,IL 60680
Performing Department
(N/A)
Non Technical Summary
This project seeks to understand mechanisms by which the laurel wilt pathogen Harringtonia lauricola, forms associations with its beetle host. Laurel wilt is a devastating plant disease affecting members of the Lauraceae family that includes the economically important agricultural crop, avocado. The fungus is brought to host tress by its beetle partner, which "cultivates" the fungus within galleries inside the tree as their food source. While most such beetle-fungal partners do not cause disease, H. lauricola, is an invasive species, and has proven to be lethal even to healthy trees. The fungus is carried by the beetle to host trees in small structures termed mycangia, that house living fungal cells that the beetle uses to inoculated and grow their fungal food. This project seeks to begin to address how the fungus colonizes the mycangia, and the extent to which it is preserved and/or turned over in the mycangia. Results from the project will help define the physiology and genetics of fungi that are mutualists of insects, and how this association occurs.
Animal Health Component
20%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
70%
Applied
20%
Developmental
10%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
2120699110225%
2121099110225%
2110699110225%
2111099110225%
Goals / Objectives
This project is a transfer award with funds to be used to complete a limited set of insect bioassays and transcriptomics examining the interaction between the laurel wilt pathogen,Harringtonia lauricolaand their beetle vector hosts (Xyleborussp). Our major goal is to complete these analyses and disseminate knowledge gained in our understanding of the fungal-beetle association.
Project Methods
Methods for interrogating beetle mycangial colonization by partner fungi have been developed as part of the original goals and outputs of the proposal (prior to this transfer award) and a small set of specific experiments will be performed to complete further analyses in this respect. Briefly, our efforts involve using aposymbiotic beetle pupae, we feed the insect their fungal partner strain, and a small portion of the fungal cells then colonize the beetle mycangia. These cells are recovered, and the number quantified in order to provide information concerning the dynamics of colonization. In addition, effort will be expended to obtaining and analyzing fungal gene expression data in terms of the interaction of the fungus with its beetle partner. The main evaluation criteria and output is to complete the studies and submit results to an appropriate peer-reviewed journal for publication of the results from the original/transfer project.

Progress 06/01/24 to 04/30/25

Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiences include stakeholders in forestry, agriculture, and pest control, and invertebrate biology, and educational opportunities in laboratory research for members of underrepresented groups. This has included recruitment and participation of (i) students at the high-school, undergraduate, post-baccalaureate, graduate, postdoctoral, and visiting scientist levels, (ii) scientists/academics in agriculture, forestry, mycology, entomology, pest control, and fungal genetics, development, and pathogenesis. Efforts have included: (i) educational: classroom and laboratory instruction and mentoring, participation and/or organizing informal educational programs, and participation in educational outreach programs/events, (ii) research: leading and instruction in experimental design including planning and execution, performing and mentoring students in data analyses and interpretation, participation in data dissemination, either directly or via instruction of laboratory personnel via attendance and presentation of posters, talks (including invited talks) at professional societies, organizing meetings, and writing and editing of manuscripts submitted to peer-reviewed journals. Target audiences have included stakeholders in forestry, agriculture, and pest control, and invertebrate biology, and educational opportunities in laboratory research. This has included recruitment(i) undergraduates, (ii)post-baccalaureate students, (ii) graduate students, and (iv)postdoctoral fellows Efforts have included research and education including leading and instruction in experimental design including planning and execution, performing and mentoring students in data analyses and interpretation, participation in data dissemination, either directly or via instruction of laboratory personnel via attendance and presentation of posters, talks (including invited talks) at professional societies, organizing meetings, and writing and editing of manuscripts submitted to peer-reviewed journals. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Throughout the project period, training and profession development has occurred on a range of different levels: Undergraduate students-the lab has hosted and mentored twoundergraduate students that worked on aspects of the project within the reporting period. Graduate Student-the lab has hosted one graduate student that assisted with insect rearing and data analyses. Post-doctoral Fellows-the lab has hosted two postdoctoral fellows: one with projects working in targeting the insect vector and the other on aspects of the H. lauricola-beetle interactions. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Dissemination of results has mainly involved two activities, namely: (i) posters, presentations at relevant, and invited talks and lectures (of the PI and/or laboratory personnel), and (ii) via publication in peer-reviewed journals. Peer reviewed publications have included onepublicationgiven in the Journal of Fungi (IF = 4.7). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? 1. We have developed an image cell cytometry based method to examine fungal colonization of beetle mycangia and applied it to the study of H. lauricola-Xyleborus beetles. An manuscript has been submitted (Feb 2025) and is currently uder peer-review. Acknowledment of USDA funding is included in the paper. 2. We have completed our data collection with respect to comparative transcriptomic analyses of global gene expression in H. lauricola in host beetle mycangia.Data analyses are ongoing and will likely continue past the project end date, with the ultiamte goal of submission of the finding to a peer-reviewed journal.

Publications

  • Type: Peer Reviewed Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Joseph, R., Darrisaw, C., Lloyd, A., Hoel, D., and Keyhani, N.O. (2024) Isolation of a novel Pythium species, P. thermoculcivorax, and Trichoderma sp. from natural enzootic mosquito larval infections, Journal of Fungi, 10:199


Progress 06/01/24 to 02/03/25

Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiences include stakeholders in forestry, agriculture, and pest control, and invertebrate biology, and educational opportunities in laboratory research for members of underrepresented groups. This has included recruitment and participation of (i) students at the high-school, undergraduate, post-baccalaureate, graduate, postdoctoral, and visiting scientist levels, (ii) scientists/academics in agriculture, forestry, mycology, entomology, pest control, and fungal genetics, development, and pathogenesis. Efforts have included: (i) educational: classroom and laboratory instruction and mentoring, participation and/or organizing informal educational programs, and participation in educational outreach programs/events, (ii) research: leading and instruction in experimental design including planning and execution, performing and mentoring students in data analyses and interpretation, participation in data dissemination, either directly or via instruction of laboratory personnel via attendance and presentation of posters, talks (including invited talks) at professional societies, organizing meetings, and writing and editing of manuscripts submitted to peer-reviewed journals. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Throughout the project period, training and profession development has occurred on a range of different levels: Undergraduate students-the lab has hosted and mentored two undergraduate students that worked on aspects of the project within the reporting period. Graduate Student-the lab has hosted one graduate student that assisted with insect rearing and data analyses. Post-doctoral Fellows-the lab has hosted two postdoctoral fellows: one with projects working in targeting the insect vector and the other on aspects of the H. lauricola-beetle interactions. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Dissemination of results has mainly involved two activities, namely: (i) posters, presentations at relevant, and invited talks and lectures (of the PI and/or laboratory personnel), and (ii) via publication in peer-reviewed journals. Peer reviewed publications have included one publication given in the Journal of Fungi (IF = 4.7). Another publication is under review and one additional publication is anticiapted based on the data collected. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? We have developed an image cell cytometry-based method to examine fungal colonization of beetle mycangia and applied it to the study of H. lauricola-Xyleborus beetles. A manuscript has been submitted (Feb 2025) and is currently under peer- review. Acknowledgment of USDA funding is included in the paper. We have completed our data collection with respect to comparative transcriptomic analyses of global gene expression in H. lauricola in host beetle mycangia. Data analyses are ongoing and will likely continue past the project end date, with the ultimate goal of submission of the finding to a peer-reviewed journal.

Publications

  • Type: Peer Reviewed Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Joseph, R., Darrisaw, C., Lloyd, A., Hoel, D., and Keyhani, N.O. (2024) Isolation of a novel Pythium species, P. thermoculcivorax, and Trichoderma sp. from natural enzootic mosquito larval infections, Journal of Fungi, 10:199