Source: NORTH-SOUTH INSTITUTE submitted to NRP
STRENGTHENING OF VETERANS EMPLOYMENT AND BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT THROUGH VETERAN BUSINESS INCUBATOR CLUSTERS AND COMPENSATORY WORK THERAPY NETWORKS
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
ACTIVE
Funding Source
OTHER GRANTS
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1031686
Grant No.
2024-77028-41619
Cumulative Award Amt.
$716,559.00
Proposal No.
2023-10886
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2023
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2026
Grant Year
2024
Program Code
[AGVET]- Enhancing Agricultural Opportunities for Military Veterans (Ag-Vets) Competitive Grants Program
Recipient Organization
NORTH-SOUTH INSTITUTE
5400 SOUTH UNIVERSITY DRIVE, SUITE 508
DAVIE,FL 33328
Performing Department
(N/A)
Non Technical Summary
The Project builds on outcomes from the existing Veteran Small Farm Business Incubator Program by creating three (3) additional and existing four (4) Veteran Business Incubators and Compensatory Work Therapy Networks (VBI, CWTN) Clusters. Each of these has five (5) Lead Nuclear Veteran Farmers (LNVF) and a minimum of three (3) to five (5) Veteran Outgrower Apprenticeship Producers (VOAP). This shows a total of 35 LNVF and 35 VOAP supported through USDA Programs and Services. In three years, through informal training and hands-on technical assistance for capacity building, 70 veteran producers' (veterans and Military Families) in seven (7) clusters will be engaged in agriculture and agribusiness.The objectives are(1) follow-up with participants as beginning farmers or gained employment in agriculture or allied industries; (2) expand recruitment targeting Female Veterans and Military Family Members; (3) Provide technical assistance, disaster risk mitigation support, and mobilize resources from USDA Agencies, private sector, universities, and established Veteran Farms -- for placement and apprenticeship, mentoring, coaching, sponsorship and stewardship; (4) Provide coaching support to participants, for Business Development, Agribility, and Agritherapy in the cases of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).Expected outcomes: Seven (7) integrated VBI and CWTN established as Growers groups; 64 % (45) Producers demonstrating how to create Resilient Farms & Ranches; 77% (54) Producers building their capacities to create self-insured risk management systems to be able to recover quickly after a disaster; and 100% (70) Producers receiving USDA programs support to develop their small farms or ranches/groups.
Animal Health Component
100%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
0%
Applied
100%
Developmental
0%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
6026030301060%
0010001310010%
1020199106020%
6086030310010%
Knowledge Area
602 - Business Management, Finance, and Taxation; 102 - Soil, Plant, Water, Nutrient Relationships; 001 - Administration; 608 - Community Resource Planning and Development;

Subject Of Investigation
0199 - Soil and land, general; 6030 - The farm as an enterprise; 0001 - Administration;

Field Of Science
1060 - Biology (whole systems); 3010 - Economics; 3100 - Management;
Goals / Objectives
Goal - The goal of the project is to create a sustainable network of seven (7) Veteran Business Incubator Clusters, of 70 Veteran agricultural producers in selected counties in Northern, North-Central, Treasure/Paradise/Gold Coasts, and South Florida. Objective (1) Follow-up with graduated veteran participants who started farms and/or gained employment in agriculture or allied industries within specific core clusters.Objective (2) Expand recruitment of Veterans, especially targeting Female Veterans and Military Family Members, linking them with experienced Veteran-Owned Farms and thematic training within the clusters.Objective (3) Provide technical assistance, pre and post disaster risk mitigation support, and mobilize resources using USDA Programs by partnering with USDA Agencies, the private sector, universities, and established Veteran Farms.Objective (4) Provide sustained coaching to participants, especially those who will require sustained business, Agribility, and Agritherapy support to mitigate issues with PTSD, lack of transportation, lack of permanent low-cost housing and land ownership, and other health issues impacting these veterans.
Project Methods
Objective #1. Follow-up with participants who started farms and/or gained employment in agriculture or allied industries within specific core clusters. The activities will include Working with 35 Lead Nucleus Veteran Producers to implement the seven (7) cluster producer groups and connecting thirty-five (35) outgrower producers, a total of 70 veterans. Identify veteran-operated farms to serve as anchors towards providing Mentoring and Coaching for veterans who are placed on these farms. Implement a workforce investment process with identified companies in need of veterans. Facilitate linkage in agripreneurship, mentoring and coaching of veterans targeting USDA, SBA, and other financial funding sources.Objective #2. Expand recruitment of Veterans, especially targeting Female Veterans and Military Family Members, linking them with experienced Veteran-Owned Farms and thematic training within the clusters. The activities include a series of thematic workshops, where each cohort receives Orientation in March and training from March - July of each fiscal year. The activities will be implemented in a combination of webinars and in-person workshops. Webinars are 2-8 hours of interactive presentations, where veterans follow along with workbook training materials. A total of Twenty-four (24) webinars will be used as interactive training sessions held over 15 weeks. Fifteen (15) Face-to-face workshops are conducted using field demonstration and field day formats. The following illustrates the combination of formal and non-formal curriculum materials used in the workshop sessions. Course materials are drawn from Cornell University's Beginning Small Farm Program, University of California-Davis, University of Florida Small Farm Program, and North-South Institute's Small Farmers, Agribusiness and Agripreneurship program. The major activities include recruitment and training of 70 veterans. The recruiting process includes using veteran centers, graduate referrals, contact through the veteran affairs office and veteran supporting organizations and local USDA office referrals. Four (4) Thematic Modules to cover: business aspects of agriculture and allied services, business planning and agribusiness management, business ICT integration, marketing, and farm financial strategies.Objective #3. Provide technical assistance, pre and post disaster risk mitigation support, and mobilize resources using USDA Programs by partnering with USDA Agencies, the private sector, universities, and established Veteran Farms -- for sustained placement and apprenticeship, mentoring, coaching, sponsorship and stewardship. The Institute draws from a pool of 23 Subject Matter Specialists, the Specialists on the Advisor Committee, and technical staff of Institute to provide technical assistance to veterans who intend to a) develop these core clusters and/or launch their agricultural groups. This will include securing lands for farming through the Institute's LandBank Referral Program, evaluate markets, and facilitate linkages to direct marketing outlets. This will be implemented weekly through hourly consultations (Infield, Online, or Office). The activities will include exposing participants to the protocols to marshal resources from USDA (FSA, RD, NRCS, AMS) and US/SBA loans to establish their farming operations. Expose participants to the protocols of Farm Mentorship for successful farm operation, and facilitate On-Farm Visits by USDA Personnel, SBA Score, and VA Representatives.Objective #4. Provide sustained coaching to participants, especially those who will require sustained business, Agribility, and Agritherapy support to mitigate issues with PTSD, lack of transportation, lack of permanent low-cost housing and land ownership, and other health issues impacting these veterans. Past Program Veterans demonstrated the need for support in dealing with issues covering limitations due to agriability, PTSD, and other related health issues, as well as those related to the operation of their businesses. So, the Institute has started to implement a series of therapeutic support through referrals to Veteran Supporting Organizations and in-house counseling and coaching. It has started implementing a coaching process to address business and socioeconomic issues. The activities include: identifying and refer key support as an extension for PTSD and other health issues and using agriculture as therapy to support these clinical issues; partnering with entities in the Private Sector, Universities, and Military to provide sustained Partnership Placement and Apprenticeship for Veterans -- Pre-assessment of veterans' skills to match with placement in either internships or apprenticeships; implementing a rigorous coaching process for Veterans in accessing land, marketing, business development, and financial protocols. Exposing veterans to USDA and US/SBA loan programs to establish their farming operations; and implementing Follow-Up Activities through a series of Technical Assistance in agripreneurship mentoring, coaching, partnership placement, and apprenticeship.

Progress 10/01/23 to 09/30/24

Outputs
Target Audience:The project initiallyserved the target audience of male and female Veterans (African American, Hispanic, Non-Minority Veteran, and Military Families) in the South Florida, Treasure Coast, and Central Florida counties with coverage extended to North, North-Central, and Southwest Florida. However, as the program has expanded from a pilot project to a full-blown residency project, other Veterans and Military Families are applying from the adjoining states of Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina. In addition, the Institute has received requests from other states including Texas, New York, California, Maryland, and the region of the Mid-South (Tennessee). While the Institute cannot do in situ interventions, that is physical programming, they have been able to receive training based on online presentations throughwebinars,the Institute's monthly Farm & Agribusiness Smart Talk (FAST)Sessions,telephone consultations, and email responses. This is done at no additional cost to the program. Changes/Problems:Changes/Problems No major challenges were experienced during the implementation of the project outputsin this period. A portion of the Veterans participating in this program continue to experience challenges in the form of 1) securing transportation to the in-person training events (On-Farm Demonstrations) citing distance, cost of gas relative to their current budget, disability accommodations required, or the total lack of transportation all together; and 2) graduating participants securing land. There were a few Veteran participants who had personal experiences that affected their ability to continue their participation in the program. These included suffering a personal injury outside of the program, having a child in the hospital,or securing a new job. Lessons Learned In review of the program implementation during this reporting period, the following lessons learned are offered. 1) One of the lessons learned is thatthe breadth of the curriculum applied, some of the Veterans find it difficult to complete the program in its entirety. Therefore, the Institute is revising the program, where the main curriculum will be consolidated to teach the key elements of each topic, and additional training concentrations will be available such as the Business Concentration and the Marketing Concentration. These concentrations will be offered to those students who express an interest and will be accompanied by an additional certification specific to the concentration. This will allow the Institute to reduce the amount of course work the participants have to complete without reducing the integrity or quality of the information provided. 2) In order for Veterans to be successful in a program like this, there is much more follow-up required than initially planned. It has been observed that some Veterans experience delays in their progress through the program as a result of challenges like PTSD, where Veterans get distracted with things like securing housing, keeping a stable job, and other mental health issues. Therefore, more handholding, "kitchen table" assistance is needed for these Veterans to complete the program. The Institute had to increase the number of hours spent with veterans in these areas, and this year, more services were provided to the Veterans through the Institute's student internship and volunteer programs. 3) Agritherapy Coaching was expanded and offered in Group Sessions followed up withparticipantsable to schedule Individual Sessions. These individual sessions are going to last way beyond graduating from the program. These sessions help the Veterans not only to complete the program, but to use the program in a successful way in their business and career by being the bridge between what they have learned and how they will implement. These sessions also gave the Institute the opportunity to understand the nuances that Veterans face when trying to implement a program like this in their lives as they assimilate back into society. 4) Land Access and Sustained Residency continued to be an area where more emphasis has to be placed in getting Veterans and Military Families sustained living quarters, especially in the urbanand adjoining peri-urban areas in the Southern United States. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Veterans received support in reviewing Business Plans and participated in Eight (8) Practicum Topics [Training or Certification in Best Management Practices (BMP), Introduction to QuickBooks, Food Safety Manager, Introduction to Solar Systems, Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) and Food Safety, Basic Digital Communications & Computing (Intro), Agritourism, and Commercial Kitchens]. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Project results have been disseminated to communities of interest through the following methods: Website & Social Media Posts; Fliers, Brochures, and Stock Cards; Meetings with various veteran groups; Emails sent to direct beneficiaries; Farm & Agribusiness Smart Talk (FAST) Sessions; and circulated factsheets and reports. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?This program will continue through September 30, 2026. Plan for the next Reporting Period is to complete the following activities: Activities for Objective 1: Working with 35 Lead Nucleus Veteran Producers to implement the seven (7) cluster producer groups and connecting thirty-five (35) outgrower producers, a total of 70 veterans, over the 3-year project period. Identify veteran-operated farms to serve as anchors towards providing Mentoring and Coaching for veterans who are placed on these farms. Implement a workforce investment process with identified companies in need of veterans. Facilitate linkage in agripreneurship, mentoring and coaching of veterans targeting USDA, SBA, and other financial funding sources. Activities for Objective 2: Recruit and train a total of 70 veterans (25-30 Veterans per year). Placement and training of veterans using the Four (4) Thematic Modules. Activities for Objective 3: Expose participants to the protocols to marshal resources from USDA and US/SBA loans to establish their farming operations. Expose participants to the protocols of Farm Mentorship. Activities for Objective 4: Identify and refer key support as an extension for PTSD and other health issues. Implement a rigorous coaching process for Veterans in accessing land, marketing, business development, and financial protocols. Exposing veterans to USDA/FSA Microloan, USDA/RD-RMAP Microfinance, USDA/NRCS; USDA/AMS, US/SBA loan programs. Implement Follow-Up Activities through a series of Technical Assistance in agripreneurship mentoring, coaching, partnership placement, and employee connect via apprenticeship.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Impact Statement: Over this period, the project reached 127 veterans and veteran family members as recruited in the project, where 79 attended orientation, 74 attended at least one training event, and 48 graduated from the program. During this time, the Institute maintained contact with 26 past graduates to continue the development of their agricultural pursuits. Objective (1)Follow-up with graduated veteran participants ... Major Activities Completed: Maintained contact with 26 AgVet Graduates.Interactions with graduated participants include 1-on-1 meetings for technical assistance in the pursuit of farm registration, interests in farm loans, interest in participating in the Institute's Veteran Business and Farm Apprenticeship & Mentorship Program (VBFAM), as well as attending additional training in the form of webinars (Working with USDA Series), FAST Sessions, and in-person demonstrations on farms (NGF) and agricultural research centers (TREC). Program Evaluation- Thirteen (13) past graduates assessingtheir responsesregarding impacts/outcomes, potential improvements in course content, mentorship, career and business options. Training Activities- Farm & Agribusiness Smart Talk (FAST) Sessions:Eight (8) sessions conducted by NSI with16 past AgVet Graduates attending. Training (Webinars):Four (4) webinar sessions conducted with USDA and Other Federal Agencies -FSA, RD, NRCS, and RMA. Technical Assistance On-Farm Demonstrations:Two (2) graduatesattended farm demonstrations. Register Farm with FSA:Two(2) program graduates registered with FSA. Products- Included 15 workbooks distributed during the training of the previous Cohorts, covering Marketing (4), Business Planning (2); Finance & Budgeting (4), Food Safety (1); Information Technology (1); Agritourism (1); and Risk Management (2); and the USDA program documents.? Data Collected: This includes Farm location, current status of their farming operations, interest in registering their farms with FSA, interest in applying for a farm purchase or farm operating loan, and career positions. Summary Statistics and Discussion of Results: Identification of graduates who have a continued interest in agriculture and have taken actions towards starting their own farm. In addition, capturing those who have moved onto career positions. Objective (2)Expand recruitment of Veterans, especially targeting Female Veterans and Military Family Members... Major Activities Completed: Program Recruitment- Various tools were used for recruitment to include one (1) in-person 4-day event in the Miami VA Cluster, Veteran referrals, electronic communications with Veteran Organizations, Veteran Serving Organizations posting program information on their website (https://vetinfo.org/2024/04/17/north-south-institute/), Radio Interviews, using other federal programs to attract other Veterans in the state boarders, social media and web postings. In previous recruits, the Institute has used roadshows and events. Resulted inprocessing of 117 applications. Program Orientation-Two (2) sessions were used for project orientation with a total of 79 Veteran Student participants attending. Training Activities- A blended approach was used in implementing the training activities (online webinars and in-field face-to-face activities) andwere implemented using online interactive capacity building sessions(Discussion Talks, Chat Group, Webinars, and Meetings), and small On-Farm Demonstrations. Farm & Agribusiness Smart Talk (FAST) Sessions:Nine (9) sessions conducted. Training (Webinars):Twenty-five (25) conducted by NSI and Contracted Subject Matter Specialists and Thirteen (13) Webinars conducted by UF Specialists and USDA Representatives [UF Specialists cover nine (9) Business Planning Sessions with UF and four (4) sessions with USDA and Other Federal Agencies -FSA, RD, NRCS, and RMA]. On-Farm Demonstrations:Twenty (20) demonstration days across five (5) Farming Operations covering soil and water testing, land preparation, planting, small farm irrigation, crop care, harvesting and crop rotation, livestock- housing, nutrition, disease management, and security animals. One (1) additional Field Day Event was coordinated with the University of Florida Tropical Research and Education Center (TREC). Webinar (Make-up) Sessions:Make-up Sessions were conducted through a secured webpage where participants signed on to complete their Webinar (Make-up) Sessions. Products- The main products areProgram Agreement Packet, NSI AgVet Student Program Training Agreement, NSI AgVet Student Course Make-Up Agreement, Partnership Placement Apprenticeship Application and fifteen (15)Program Study Guides. Data Collected: Program participants provided the following data that was collected: Resident County, Military Service Branch, Years of Service, AgVet Participant Info, Preferred Method of Contact, and Intent & Goals upon completing the Program. Summary Statistics and Discussion of Results: The 48 program graduates consist of: thirty-seven (37) Military Veterans, six (6) Military Family Members and five (5) Beginning Farmers. Objective (3)Provide technical assistance, pre and post disaster risk mitigation support, and mobilize resources using USDA Programs by partnering with USDA Agencies, the private sector, universities, and established Veteran Farms. Major Activities Completed: Technical Assistance to Complete FSA New Producer Registration Four (4) producers completed New Producer forms for FSA registration. Services Provided Included one-on-one Business Plan Reviews and Group Review of students' business plan (UF) to discuss specific issues participants experience when developing their business plan. Data Collected:These areparticipants' agricultural goals, type of farming loans participants expressed an interest in applying, agricultural production status, farm location, and farm enterprise selections. Summary Statistics and Discussion of Results:? Once exposed to the USDA programs and services available, participants continue to express an interest in understanding how best to apply, however many did not have the existing farm lease, land area for farming, and capital to start. Objective (4)Provide sustained coaching to participants, especially those who will require sustained business, Agribility, and Agritherapy support to mitigate issues with PTSD, lack of transportation, lack of permanent low-cost housing and land ownership, and other health issues impacting these veterans. Major Activities Completed: Agritheraphy Coaching Activities- This was conducted in both group and individual sessions. During the project period, there were four (4) group sessions held with a total of 63 participants attending. Following the introductory group sessions, 6 participants scheduled follow-up 1-on-1 Agritheraphy Individual Sessions for a total of 8 sessions during this period. In general, the therapy provided addressed health and socioeconomic issues, which are confidential and are client specific. As shown below: Agritheraphy Group Sessions [03-09-2024 -13] [05-06-2024 -29] [06-17-2024 -10] [06-24-2024 -11] Data Collected: The coaching sessionsaddressed health and socioeconomic issues, which are confidential and are client specific. Summary Statistics and Discussion of Results: The coaching sessions addressed health and socioeconomic issues, which are confidential and are client specific. Key outcomes or other accomplishments realized, regarding changes in knowledge, changes in actions and changes in condition: Change in Knowledge:100% (48) of the graduated participants received additional information related to agribusiness and allied services. Change in Actions:44% (21) of the participants selected a vocation in Agriculture. Change in Condition:56% (27) of the participants expanded into allied services and used business planning, accounting, and ICT skills to expand their businesses.

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Drummond, M., Fleuricourt, G., Mundy, W. D. (2024). Information Technology & Connectivity. [PowerPoint Slides]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: McConnell, T. & Elliott, C. D. (2024). Financial Literacy: Business & Farm Records, Insurance, & Taxes  Part 2 Insurance & Taxes. [PowerPoint Slides]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Scott, M. M. (2024). Financial Literacy: Business & Farm Records, Insurance, & Taxes  Part 1 Records (3 Shoe Box Approach). [PowerPoint Slides]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Scott, S. W. (2023). Market Planning  Exploring Markets and Profits  Parts 1 & 2. [PowerPoint Slides]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Roe, N. (2023). Development of Local Direct Food Marketing Network/ Direct Marketing  Part 1. [PowerPoint Slides]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Scott, S. W. (2023). Development of Local Direct Food Marketing Network/ Direct Marketing  Part 2. [PowerPoint Slides]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Scott, S. W. (2023). Market Planning - Developing and Using an Effective Market Plan. [PowerPoint Slides]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Seely, P. (2023). QuickBooks Basic - Part 1. [PowerPoint Slides]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Seely, P. (2023). QuickBooks Basic - Part 2. [PowerPoint Slides]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Scott, S. W. (2023). Establishing Business Resilience Funds. [PowerPoint Slides]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Scott, S. W. (2023). Enterprise Budget - Part I and II. [Study Guide]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Scott, S. W. (2023). Exploring Markets and Profits. [Study Guide]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Scott, S. W. (2023). Development of Local Food Marketing Networking/ Direct Marketing  Part II. [Study Guide]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Scott, S. W. (2023). Agritourism - Part I and II. [Study Guide]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Scott, S. W. (2023). Agribusiness and Risk Management Planning. [PowerPoint Slides]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Scott, S. W. (2023). Enterprise Budgets, Pricing & Costing, and Schedules F & C (Part I & II). [PowerPoint Slides]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Scott, S. W. (2023). Agritourism: A New Path for Todays Agriculture (Part I & II). [PowerPoint Slides]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Lambert, I. A. (2023). Introduction to HACCP and HACCP Plan Development. [PowerPoint Slides]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Elliott, C. D. (2024). Financial Literacy: Business & Farm Records, Taxes, and Insurance  Part 1 Records. [Study Guide]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Elliott, C. D. (2024). Financial Literacy: Business and Farm Records, Taxes, and Insurance  Part 2 Taxes & Insurance. [Study Guide]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Lambert, I. A. (2024). Fundamentals of HACCP. [Study Guide]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Scott, S. W. (2024). Market Planning - Developing and Using an Effective Market Plan. [Study Guide]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Drummond, M., Fleuricourt, G., & Mundy, W. D. (2023). Information Technology & Connectivity  Part 1 & 2. [Study Guide]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Elliott, C. D. (2023). Business Resilience Funds. [Study Guide]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Roe, N. (2023). Local Network & Direct Marketing  Part 1. [Study Guide]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Scott, S. W. (2023). Agribusiness and Risk Management Planning. [Study Guide]. North-South Institute, Inc.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Seely, P. (2023). QuickBooks Basics. [Study Guide]. North-South Institute, Inc.