Progress 04/01/23 to 03/31/24
Outputs
Target Audience:Broader plant science community in general and cotton breeders and geneticists, in particular, will be able to utilize the tools developed under this project to create drought tolerant varieties. Thus far, one particular technology to emerge from our work was the refinement of grafting procedure in cotton. This method can be used by the cotton community to conduct basic research that includes investigating communication between shoot and root under normal conditions and also in response to various stresses, long-distance movement of proteins, RNAs, hormones, and other biochemicals. Changes/Problems:One problem we face is the availability of sufficient quantity of seeds from most of the genotypes that have been shown to be either drought tolerant or drought sensitivebased on the published literature. Therefore, we are havingto grow these in greenhouses to obtain sufficient quantity of seeds. A few exotic genotypes turned out to be photoperiod sensitive (short day) and did not flower in the greenhouse available to us at the University because of the supplementary lights from the neighboring greenhouse and proximity to streetlights. We had to shift these plants to a different greenhouse (local USDA-ARS Facility)at the start of winter that are not exposed to streetlight or supplemental lighting from the neighboring greenhouses which can interfere with the flowering of these particular plants.Some other commercial varieties that were deemed drought tolerant or drought sensitive (based on published results from field trials) were first examined for their tolerance to water deficit stress under growth chamber/greenhouse conditions. However, our initial tests did not provide very clear results on their level of tolerance to drought stress. We are now modifying our experimental procedures to ascertain their response to water deficit stress. This involves use of long (18" long), tubular DeepotsTM, instead of the small, square pots and also different brand of commercial soil medium. We believe that once we have obtained sufficient quantities of seeds from various genotypes and established conditions to grow the plants approximating field environment, we will be able to conduct experiments as outlined in our proposal. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?A F/T postdoctoral research associate and a P/T technician have been trained and working on this project. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?A paper detailing the grafting procedure has been published [Pandeya, D., Campbell, L.M. and Rathore, K.S. (2023) A Grafting Procedure for Gossypium hirsutum L. Based on In Vitro Grown Seedlings. Journal of Cotton Science 27: 149-157]. Also, an oral presentation was given by the P. I. based on this work at the 2024 Beltwide Cotton Conferences [Pandeya, D., Campbell, L.M. and Rathore, K.S. (2024) Development of an efficient intervarietal grafting method for Gossypium hirsutum and it's use for interspecific grafting. 2024 Beltwide Cotton Conferences, Fort Worth, TX]. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Once we have identified one or more drought tolerant and drought sensitive genotypes, indicated earlier, we will utilize these to generate reciprocal grafts that will then be subjected to drought stress. These grafted unions will then be evaluated for variousmorphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular parameters to understand the role of roots andshoot in conferring tolerance to water deficit stress. We expect that theresults from these studies will demonstrate the utility of grafting as a tool to prescreen the cotton genotypes/species that have root systems with the ability to protect the shoot function and productivity under drought stress.Based on the results obtained in the proposed study, cotton breeders can use a similar approach to identify genetic markers for root characteristics and choose appropriate germplasm to create drought tolerant varieties while retaining superior fiber/seed yield and quality characteristics.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We further refined the grafting technique that is based on in vitro-grown Gossypium hirsutum seedlings and showed that if hypocotyls of the seedlings providing the rootstocks and scions are similar in diameter, it is possible to achieve 90-100% success in grafting. Further, we were able to obtain intervarietal and interspecific grafting in cotton. The results were published (Pandeya et al., 2023). Based on the results from published studies and personal communications, we have obtained several seeds of cotton genotypes that are potentially either drought tolerant (G. hirsutum: PHY499 WRF, PHY400 W3FE, Tex1236, UGA230, CS50;G. barbadense: GB259 and Gb189) or drought sensitive (NG5007 B2XF, DP2115 B3XF, Tex169, Tipo Chaco, DP16). Some of the exotic germplasm obtained from USDA Cottonseed Bank (Tex1236, Tex169, GB259 and Gb189) and few other genotypes (UGA230, CS50, Tipo Chaco and DP16) were insufficient in quantity to directly use in grafting experiments. Therefore, we are growing these in greenhouses for seed increase. The exotic genotypes turned out to be photoperiod sensitive (short-day). These were grown in greenhouses over the wintertime and are just beginning to produce seeds. Once we obtain sufficient quantities of seeds, we will perform stress tolerance experiments with the grafts. Some other commercial varieties that were deemed drought tolerant or drought sensitive (based on published results from field trials) were first examined for their tolerance to water deficit stress under growth chamber/greenhouse conditions. Some morphological (Root/shoot weight/length, leaf relative water content), physiological (stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and transpiration) and biochemical (proline, melondialdehyde and chlorophyll content) parameters were used to assess the degree of tolerance to water deficit stress. However, our initial tests did not provide very clear results on their ability to tolerate drought stress. We are now modifying our experimental procedures to ascertain their response to water deficit stress.?
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Pandeya, D., Campbell, L.M. and Rathore, K.S. (2023) A Grafting Procedure for Gossypium hirsutum L. Based on In Vitro Grown Seedlings. Journal of Cotton Science 27: 149-157.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2024
Citation:
Pandeya, D., Campbell, L.M. and Rathore, K.S. (2024) Development of an efficient intervarietal grafting method for Gossypium hirsutum and it's use for interspecific grafting. 2024 Beltwide Cotton Conferences, Fort Worth, TX
|