Source: NORTH CAROLINA A&T STATE UNIV submitted to
OUTREACH ASSISTANCE TO BEGINNING FARMERS, RANCHERS, AND VETERANS TO PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE OPERATIONS AND PRODUCTIVITY
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
NEW
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1029197
Grant No.
2022-70033-38199
Project No.
NC.X2022-05824
Proposal No.
2022-05824
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Program Code
BFRDA
Project Start Date
Sep 15, 2022
Project End Date
Sep 14, 2025
Grant Year
2022
Project Director
Yeboah, O.
Recipient Organization
NORTH CAROLINA A&T STATE UNIV
1601 EAST MARKET STREET
GREENSBORO,NC 27411
Performing Department
(N/A)
Non Technical Summary
North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University will be joined by Emory University, veteran organizations, community-based organizations, and other public institutions to develop an outreach program of a Standard BFRDP grant application to provide technical assistance to both underserved populations and communities in Georgia and North Carolina. The following delineated objectives will be pursued: 1) Provide beginning ranchers, veterans, and other SDFRVs a low-cost small ruminant production and management practices; 2) Provide these clientele best agronomic practices including soil health fertility; 3) Develop for them, an inclusive and resilient diversified marketing strategies 4) Provide them training in Climate Smart Agriculture Technologies (CSATs); 5) Provide them with business and financial management training for improved access to credit; 6) Develop Curriculum on agricultural Entrepreneurship Education digital technologies that increase production efficiency, environmental sustainability, and profitability; and 7) Provide disabled veterans with Assistive technology and AgrAbility training to help in their operation. The major expected outcomes include: 1) Number engaging in climate-smart agricultural technologies for increased soil carbon and improved soil health; 2) Number practicing best livestock crop management practices- low-cost forage-based grazing and browsing for cost savings; production of new generation crops to establish niche markets for profits; 3) Number with improved credit to access loan and own farms, and ranches; and 4) Number that are computer literate and can process forms to participate in governmental programs. To achieve these outcomes, 12.5% of the budget is allocated for serving military veterans while 26.4% will go to socially disadvantaged, limited resource farmer workers (including immigrants).
Animal Health Component
0%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
50%
Applied
50%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
1020110207020%
1110430207020%
3076210302020%
6016220310010%
6026299310010%
6046220310010%
9036299302010%
Goals / Objectives
The overarching long-term goal of this proposed project is to increase the likelihood that SDFRVs, beginning or military veteran farmers and ranchers will own or operate successful farms and ranches. This will be done by disseminating production agriculture, marketing, business and finance, and climate-smart knowledge and skills (planting cover crops, irrigation management, adding cost-effective organic amendments like leaf mulches or composts produced from food waste or animal waste, etc.); financial and digital entrepreurship education; inclusive and resilient marketing strategies appropriate for small-scale and limited-resource farmers and ranchers who are at the beginning stage of farming and ranching. Keeping in mind their resource need, the project staff will educate them on the potential of simple land management practices that are smart in conserving resources (soil, water, and environment) while obtaining food and nutritional security. Particularly, we will consider unique circumstances and social contexts while addressing concerns of beginning farmers and ranchers through informal educational programming so that we can shed light on their developments over time, and track future trajectories (Niewolny and Lillard, 2010). There will also be a very strong focus on equity in accessing updated information on climate-smart agricultural technologies (CSATs). Thus, the project envisions to expand the boundaries through our trainings, workshops, field days, educations, and outreach activities to promote socially disadvantaged, limited resources beginning farmers and ranchers in Georgia and North Carolina, particularly those from underrepresented and underserved and minority communities.Goal 1: Small ruminant producers, veterans and ranchers in small ruminant production for long-term will be trained sustainable practices through low-cost management practices that will lead to enhanced animal well-being, increasing producer efficiency which is vital to the success of farm profitability and sustainability. Implementing low-cost husbandry practices that are both practical and effective will allow producers to make subtle, but impactful changes. Emphasis will be given to producers utilizing forage-based systems for grazing and browsing. Educational materials will be developed for producers.Goal 2: We will conduct workshops on soil sample collection, preparation and sending the sample to NCDA/GADA ARS Lab for analysis. Workshops on Nutrient management and fertigation of New Generation crops will be held for beginning farmers, ranchers, farmworkers, and other SDFRVs.Goal 3: Training modules for Niche farming (New Generations crops) and Niche marketing; Direct marketing strategies, Vertical integration, Producer alliance, and Cooperative marketing will be developed for beginning farmers, ranchers, and other SDFRVs to help provide them multiple marketing channel opportunities. Producing new generation crops/niche farming brings to these producers, new markets while vertical integration provide them with opportunities for engaging in both retail and wholesale marketing. Concepts of Producer and or Cooperative Marketing will provide them with cost saving at the input markets from bulk purchases while getting better prices from the output market due to bulk sales. Finally, direct marketing (including institutional sales, sales to local grocery stores and restaurants, local farmers' markets, tail gating, Pick Your Own, and e-marketing), all bring the producer into direct contact with the consumer eliminating all middle men, which results in larger marketing margins. The potential benefits from these alternative marketing models will be clearly explained to workshop participants.Goal 4: Modules for Climate-smart agricultural technologies will be developed to train beginning farmers, ranchers, veterans, and other SDFRs. These include planting cover crops, irrigation management, adding cost-effective organic amendments like leaf mulches or composts produced from food waste or animal waste. Keeping in mind their resource need, we will educate them on the potential of simple land management practices that are smart in conserving resources (soil, water, and environment) while obtaining food and nutritional security. Efficient irrigation practices will be discussed and simple irrigation designs will be covered in a classroom setting. At least three low- cost soil moisture sensors or methods will be demonstrated in field exercises so that producers will get and understanding of moisture use rate of soils on the land area they have under cultivation. The use of atmometer will be discussed in class discussions on each site under the topic of global water quantity and water/ hydrologic cycle. Such instruments will not be expensive and should be easy to use by the participants. Finally, we will also focus on equity in accessing updated information on CSATs. Thus, we envision to expand the boundaries through our trainings, workshops, field days, educations, and outreach activities to promote socially disadvantaged, limited resources beginning farmers and ranchers, veterans particularly those from underrepresented and underserved and minority communities.Goal 5: Training modules on business plan and value-added business plan preparations; financial planning (including Basis of Credit, Balance sheet, Income statement, and Cash flow; and Recordkeeping) will be developed to train beginning farmers, ranchers, veterans, and other SDFRVs for improved credit access. Workshop participants will be exposed to the importance of acquiring knowledge in these business and financial planning tools.Goal 6: Venues for four 3-credit hour regional workshops on agricultural Entrepreneurship Education Digital technologies will be developed both face-to-face and virtually in North Carolina and Georgia each year related to education targeting youth beginning farmers, ranchers, and veterans. Existing modules on Agricultural Education, Agricultural Entrepreneurship, Computer Applications and Digital Technologies will be enhanced to deliver the education training program for approximately, 50 program participants. Dr. Yeboah will lead the Agricultural Entrepreneurship training while Drs. Faulkner and Ekwemalor will lead the Agricultural Education and Computer Applications. They will be supported by Dr. Yeboah's graduate student who is pursuing a PhD in the Application of Data Science to Agriculture. The computer instruction will include Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Publisher and Outlook for Email. Fifteen selected beginning youth farmer, rancher, or veteran, who are ready to go into any production agriculture and or natural resource related business activity will receive hands-on training at the North Carolina A&T University Farm and will be provided a stipend up to $1,000/yr. to complete the program. Drs. Gayle and Dari, the leads for the project's natural resource management initiative will be responsible. Goal 7: This project provides veterans with the resources needed to succeed in agriculture. Our database will contain a professional network of veteran's resources. Our AgrAbility-focused partners (NC Assistive Technology Program and Annett Stevenson Consulting Group, a veteran organization) will expand the list of potential and existing community partners with contact information. These two organizations will offer service capacity through innovative educational programs designed to advance individual capabilities, adapt new technologies, and deliver program content through appropriate educational venues. Each year, three regional outreach training events for disadvantaged farmers/ranchers, family members, and veteran farmers focusing on assistive technology, medical resources, disability
Project Methods
The beginning farmer, rancher, veterans, and other SDFRVs training modules will be offered locally face-to-face, and synchronously through webinars. The sessions will be recorded and will be freely available open-source via a one-stop platform. Here the project will share learnings and insights by featuring the work of beginning farmers, ranchers, and other SDFRVs members in blogs, social media, published briefs, presentations, and online events. This will build the capacity of the clients 'Network members to foster and sustain effective collaborations and promote the use of climate smart practices; inclusive and resilient direct marketing strategies including e-marketing; basic livestock management practices; soil health and nutrient management; entrepreneurship and digital technologies; and Assistive technologies and AgrAbility, and the necessary resources. There will also be hands-on training demonstrations on farmer/rancher's field, which include soil water testing, laying out drip irrigation tubes, culling and ear tagging of small ruminants. Classroom trainings, conferences, field days, and policy briefs to lobby state officials.

Progress 09/15/22 to 09/14/23

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience are beginning farmers and ranchers, socially disadvantaged farmers, ranchers, veterans (SDFRVs), Native American, youth, and farmworkers including immigrants residing in underserved communities and counties in Georgia and North Carolina. It also includes other stakeholders such as community-based organizations, farmer and rancher associations, military veteran organizations, non-govermental organizations working with socially disadvanatged farmers, ranchers, and other producers, academic institutions, other communities of learners, private organizations including financial institutions, USDA staff atlocal, district, regional, and nationaloffices, and policy makers who are involved in agricultural policydecision making at state and national levels.The audience are also players of the markets for major commodities such as cotton, peanuts, poultry, pecans, tobacco, cane sugar, rice, soybean, grains, winter vegetables and citrus fruits- the major traded commodities in the southeast region. Efforts to deliver the science-based knowledge primarily include workshops, one-on-one workshops, seminars, conferences, and dissemination of print materials are very critical for their success. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Goal 1: Two workshops onSustainable Animal Productionwere hosted for begining farmers, veterans, and their communities of learners. The topic treated include: •Economic loss ($2-8 million) •Susceptible Animals (weaning, periparturient, spring rise) •Gut health/microbiome •Increased understanding of genetics •Recognition of genetic diversity in adaptation to disease Resistance and Resilience Factors that contribute to Diseases in Animals: •Management •Feed •Heat stress •Climate Change •Overuse of antibiotics •Parasites Diagnoses: Herd Health: •Management •Nutrition •Genetics/Breed •Climate Change •Prevention One Health Approach - The integration of Environmental Health, Human Health, and Animal Health. Goal 2: Topics include: The Water Cycle and Drip Irrigation Drip Irrigation: •Reduced water • Usually, fewer weeds between rows • Space between rows remains hard and dry that helps during harvesting • Low pressure- low flow •Clean filtered water •Low runoff Goal 3: Topics •Basics of Market Research •Basics of Merchandise Displays •Alternative Marketing •Exploring Alternatives Wholesale Marketing Types of Wholesale MarketingAdvantages and Disadvantages of Wholesale Marketing Direct Marketing Why Direct Marketing Types of direct marketing strategies. New Generation Crops and Niche Farming: •What is Niche Farming •How to Identify a "Niche" •Importance of Niche Farming •What is Sustainable Agriculture •Why Sustainability in Vegetable Production? •Barriers and Best Production Practices for Selected Specialty Crops •Marketing Decision •Key Factors to Consider- The 4 P's •Three Rules for Niche Farming •Specialty crop management: •What is Specialty crop •Nutrient Management and Fertigation Goal 4: Topics •What is Climate change? •What are the possible causes of Climate Change? •Impact of Climate change on agriculture •What is Climate Smart Agriculture •Categories of Climate Smart Agriculture (Cover cropping, No Tillage, Biochar, Composting, Manure, Crop Rotation, and Organic Farming) •Policies that can be implemented Goal 5: Topics Importance of Record Keeping Kinds of Records What Records to Keep Where to start Bookkeeping Methods Elements of a Good Record Keeping System Record Summaries Used In Farm Business Management Developing And Using Budgets Spendable Income Computing Taxable Incom Cash Flow Summary• Net Worth Statement (Balance Sheet) Income Statement Detailed Enterprise Budgets Whole Farm Budgets Partial Budgeting Business Plan Preparation There are two primary purposes for developing a business plan: •To be a "road map" in setting up and managing your business. It provides a document for attracting equity or debt financing Components of a Business Plan •Cover Page •Table of Content •Executive Summary •Business Description •Business Analysis •Market Research & Analysis •Management Team. Goal 6. A one-on-one workshop was held for beginning farmers and ranchersin questions and answers format concerning. The technologies discussed include: Tractor mounted GPS (Global Positioning System) for small-scale beginning farmers. Eddy Co-variance flux tower on-farm to measure Greenhouse Gas Emission (GHG) with a closed chamber technique and micro-meteorological technique. Roller-crimping instruments as a climate-smart way to terminate cover crops instead of using traditional chemicals to burn down. Using Microsoft Word and Excel softwares for data and record keeping (resource and output calculation for overall farm economy assessment) Using smartphones and apps to get the latest updates on weather, market, and other information on farming practices in the community. The use of social media platforms to sell their produce and gain visibility (e.g. Facebook, local WhatsApp group, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, etc.) Creating a farm website in social media to expand their farm business and market. Attending online and Zoom training and workshops to gain new technologies about farming. Goal 7: Four regional workshops were for disabled veterans in the East, West, South, Central North for physically disabled veterans, farmers, and ranchers to learn about local resources and gain hands-on experience in the use and operating equipment seamlessly. Over 60 people attended each event. NC Assistive Technology Program, one of the project's consultants hosted the events. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The project team is making efforts inemphasizing relationships among members through shared learnings and insights by featuring the work of beginning farmers, ranchers, and other SDFRVs members in blogs, social media, published briefs, presentations, and online events can lead to capacity building. Workshop attendees are provided with handouts and other related materials which they share with friends, family, and others, and this helps spread information about the project. Workshop events including registartion and other pertinent infromation are published online. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?1. Embark on extensive campaign about the existence of the project. We will also reach out several community leaders includingcommunity-based organizations, churches, local, district, and state offices of USDA, and other private organizations. The team will also increase the use of zoom and other technologies for meetings and workshops.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? A total of 17workshops were held covering all the project goals- Two workshops on Sustainable AnimalProduction; Two on Soil Health and Soil water, and Fertility; One onDirect Marketing Strategies; One Workshop on New Generation Crops and Niche Farming; Threeworkshops on Climate-smart Agricultural Technologies; Two workshops on Farm Recordkeeping and Accounting, Budgeting, and Business Plan Development, FourRegional workshopa on AgrAbility, and One one-on-one worshop on Digital Technologies.

Publications