Progress 09/01/22 to 08/31/23
Outputs Target Audience:Genome research, education and service community; Animal breeding and genetics companies; Organic and conventional dairy producers, processors and retailers; Veterinarians. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The award has provided training opportunities for one PhD student, one visiting PhD student, one Master's degree student and three undergraduate students. The training includes laboratory safety, animal care and use, RNA extraction, APA profiling library construction, data analysis and SOP training, for example. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been regularly disseminated to the US bovine FAANG group members, WSU Animal Biology and Biomedicine group members and graduate and undergraduate students who take the Perspectives in Biotechnology class at Washington State University. The information was also shared with broad international communities through a selected talk at the Ruminant Genetics Workshop, 39th International Society for Animal Genetics Conference, Cape Town, South Africa and an invited talk at the Central Dogma of Phenomics Workshop, the American Society of Animal Science Annual meeting 2023, Albuquerque, NM. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We have a plan to collect samples from Aurora Organic Dairy in Colorado and Clover Sonoma in California and accumulate our datasets in genome, transcriptome, metabolome, microbiome and phenome. We will continue fine-tuning of new statistical models and novel pipelines for data analyses. We will develop cost-effective tools for our industry partners to pursue diagnosis of both metritis and endometritis on farm. We will organize a symposium on organic dairy and facilitate knowledge and technology transfer from research to application.
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
We started this funded research project by completing a preliminary study. We have strong evidence to show that alternative polyadenylation (APA) profiles can be used to generate an endometritis progression panel for exploring the bridges between genome and the disease. Especially, pathogens force the host to execute more up-regulated APA sites. In comparison to healthy cows, unhealthy cows tend to use more intronic, but less distal APA sites. Four genes: CD59 molecule, Fc fragment of IgG receptor IIa, lymphocyte antigen 75 and plasminogen may serve as initial contacts or combats with pathogens on cell surfaces, followed by activation of nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 4 to regulate AXL receptor tyrosine kinase, FGR proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase, HCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase and integrin subunit beta 2 for anti-inflammation. In addition, we also observed that microRNA genes: MIR21 and MIR30A might be a good pair of antagonistic biomarkers for diagnosis of either inflammation or anti-inflammation in the uterus. During this transition stage from a small-scale study to large-scale research, we focused on development of our protocols, procedures and processes before heading to farms for sampling. Specifically, it is our priority to efficiently use samples collected from each animal and thus maximize data collection in genome, transcriptome and phenome to develop the bridge maps for both metritis and endometritis in organic cows. For each cow, we will have pedigree information, production records and reproduction performance plus ultrasonic measurements collected as phenome. Blood samples will be used to produce metabolome and genome datasets, while uterine samples are expected to have both microbiome and transcriptome profiles. The standard operation procedures (SOPs) have been drafted for collection of these datasets for the funded project. In fact, we have been designing a database to include all of these datasets plus sample management systems, including sample storage location, sample processing method and sample analyses results. We started to look at potential challenges associated with big data analysis. Currently, we use the principal component analysis (PCA) to build a disease progression panel. For our funded project, we will collect materials from 1,000 cows. As such, we see potential challenges to pursue PCA analysis on such a large dataset. Instead, we are exploring novel statistical models based on phylogenetic tree construction to overcome the challenge. A key component of transcriptome analysis is to enrich functional pathways. However, understanding the relationships among hundreds or thousands of pathways remains a challenging task. We are developing clustering approaches to make pathway classifications more meaningful to our funded research. In order to apply APA profiles in diagnosis of metritis and endometritis, we are looking into simplified approaches to do so and save costs for organic industries. Using our Department's newsletter, we have released our funded project information to the public as one of our outreach activities. Basically, our GOOD (genomically optimized organic dairy) project will engage an advisory panel of scientists, industry partners and organic dairy producers to understand gene networks underlying uterine disease and thus develop novel tools to identify cows that are resistant to both metritis and endometritis for genetic improvement. No doubt, we have been closely working with our project partners - Aurora Organic Dairy in Colorado and Clover Sonoma in California to develop protocols, procedures and processes for collection of genome, metabolome, microbiome, transcriptome and phenome datasets. We are ready now to start the large-scale sampling process.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Stotts MJ, Zhang YZ, Zhang SW, Michal JJ, Velez JS, Hans B, Maquivar M, Jiang Z. 2023. Alternative polyadenylation events in epithelial cells sense endometritis progression in dairy cows. J. Integr. Agric. 2023;22(6):18201832.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Wu XL, Ding X, Zhao Y, Miles AM, Brito LF, Heringstad B, Zhao S, Jiang Z. Editorial: Lactation genomics and phenomics in farm animals: Where are we at? Front Genet. 2023;14:1173595.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Carrion SA, Michal JJ, Jiang Z. Alternative Transcripts diversify Genome Function for Phenome Relevance to Health and Diseases. Genes. 2023;14(11):2051.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Carrion SA, Michal JJ, Jiang Z. Imprinted genes, genomics conservation, transcriptomic dynamics and phenomic significance in health and diseases. Int J Biol Sci. 2023;19(10):3128-3142.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Mikec `, Horvat S, Wang H, Michal J, Kunej T, Jiang Z. Differential alternative polyadenylation response to high-fat diet between polygenic obese and healthy lean mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2023;666:83-91.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Jiang Z. Invited Seminar. Genome Science and Healthy Longevity. Annual Advanced Science Seminar Series, Rugao Health Council. 04/18/2023. Rugao City, China.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Jiang Z. Invited Seminar. The Central Dogma of Phenomics. College of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Nanjing Agricultural University. 04/23/2023. Nanjing, China.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Jiang Z. Selected Speaker. Functional Mapping of Alternative Polyadenylation in Cattle. Ruminant Genetics and Genomics Workshop, 39th International Society for Animal Genetics Conference. Cape Town, South Africa. July 2-7, 2023.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Jiang Z. Invited Seminar. Central dogma of phenomics: P = G + R + E + G x R x E? Workshop on the central dogma of phenomics. 2023 American Society of Animal Science Annual Meeting. July 16 July 20, 2023. Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Jiang Z. Invited Plenary Speaker. Research Frontiers in Animal Phenomics. International Conference on Genetics and Genomics Research Fronts in Animals and Poultry, December 9 10, 2023. Shandong Agricultural University, China
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Michal JJ. GOOD: Genetically optimized organic dairy. Animal Sciences Department News Letter. https://ansci.wsu.edu/2023/05/04/good-genetically-optimized-organic-dairy/
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Zaragoza A. Genomic selection for resistance of metritis in dairy cattle to effectively increase reproductive performance in organic dairy farms. Animal Sciences Department Seminar Series. Fall 2023.
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