Source: FIBERSTAR, INC. submitted to
HIGHLY FUNCTIONAL WEIGHTING AGENT BY GREEN MODIFICATION OF NATURAL FIBERS TO STABILIZE FLAVORED OILS IN BEVERAGES
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
ACTIVE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1028778
Grant No.
2022-33610-37826
Cumulative Award Amt.
$650,000.00
Proposal No.
2022-04404
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Sep 1, 2022
Project End Date
Aug 31, 2025
Grant Year
2023
Program Code
[8.5]- Food Science & Nutrition
Recipient Organization
FIBERSTAR, INC.
713 ST CROIX ST
RIVER FALLS,WI 540223600
Performing Department
(N/A)
Non Technical Summary
Oil weighting and emulsifying agents are needed to stabilize oils in flavored beverages, such as soft drinks, but current options are limited, heavily regulated, and even banned in many countries. However, despite their need, there are no natural weighting agents in the marketplace today. Meanwhile the global demand for "clean label", "natural ", and "organic" ingredients continues to rapidly grow. The objective of this project is to make a natural weighting agent ingredient produced using sustainable manufacturing practices to stabilize beverage emulsions. By using thermal-mechanical and "green" technology to enhance the surface activity, zeta potential, and amphiphilicity, a plant fiber based ingredient sourced from citrus and/or the sugar beet industry will be used to provide oil stabilization. An additional benefit is that the ingredients can be sourced with organic certification and even provide cost savings opportunities versus current weighting agents. Phase I tests indicated positive findings and feasibility of accomplishing the project objectives. For Phase II, scale up tests, structure-function analyses, and application development are proposed.Based on the positive findings thus far and industry support, the anticipated result is a surface-active weighting agent with large commercial potential that can be commercialized during Phase III.
Animal Health Component
50%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
0%
Applied
50%
Developmental
50%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
50209992020100%
Knowledge Area
502 - New and Improved Food Products;

Subject Of Investigation
0999 - Citrus, general/other;

Field Of Science
2020 - Engineering;
Goals / Objectives
The goal of this Phase II project is to finalize an oil densifying ingredient, Densi-Fi, with emulsifying properties from agricultural byproducts to stabilize beverages, is natural, and is considered a clean label food ingredient without toxic side effects. During the Phase I project, feasibility was demonstrated of producing such a product. However, for the Phase II project, the goal will be to continue advancement of the Densi-Fi product closer towardscommercialization.To do this, three primary technical objectives are being proposed for Phase II, which are:Technical Objective 1: Manufacturing process development. This part of the project will include pilot scale testing to prove out the process on a larger scale with equipment that is representative of commercial production equipment.Technical Objective 2: Structure-Function characterization testing. This testing will help to better explain the results attained from the pilot scale equipment testing and help ensure success as new processes are tested during scale-up.Technical Objective 3: Application development. Once the final products are produced and before showing samples to customers,information on the expected results when using the Densi-Fi products in a final beverage formulation is important.The application testing can also help to fine tune the production process used to make Densi-Fi.Some additional goals are to use a sustainable process that can be implemented commercially and adopted by customers with minimal changes in their current production process. The ingredients developed in this project would also be considered clean label food ingredients without the toxic side effects of many previous and current oil weighting agents and emulsifiers. Another goal is to develop and organic certified product with similar properties as the proposedDensi-Fi ingredient.
Project Methods
As part of the scale up testing and process development, the following methods will be utilized the characterize the results.1) Compositional testing - to quantify the effect of enzymatic treatments and mechanical refining, the chemical composition, molecular weights, monosaccharide breakdown, degree of esterification, and esterification pattern will be measured. Each manufacturing process treatment that produces a change of Densi-Fi's properties will be tested so that trends between process treatments on composition and functionality can be understood.2) The zeta potential of the Densi-Fi before and after process treatments will be tested with a particle charge mapping instrument.3) The drop size distribution of the Densi-Fi emulsions with varying fiber treatments and homogenizing conditions will be measured with a laser scattering analyzer. To do this, the emulsions will be diluted in a test chamber with deionized water as the blank medium. The volume median diameters (D50) will be used to report the oil droplet size. The shape analysis of the emulsion droplets will be done using the incorporated shape analyzer which uses a high-speed camera to image individual particles between 1-2000 microns in size.4) Rheology Behavior: The rheological behavior of Densi-Fi emulsions with varying treatments will be investigated with a rheometer equipped with a parallel plate system. The apparent viscosity and shear stress as function of shear rate between 1 and 10000 s-1 will be tested.5)Absorbance and Turbidity: A UV-visible spectrophotometer will be used to detect the absorbance and turbidity level of the emulsions. The absorbance and light scattering properties are the two most critical factors that determine emulsion turbidity, which directly influences the appearance of the emulsion. The samples will be placed in a cuvette of one centimeter width, where the electromagnetic wave at the visible region (380-780 nm) will perform a thorough scanning of the emulsion sample. Once the scanning is complete, the absorbance and turbidity spectra of measured values are corrected using the value for distilled water, which is defined as the most transmittable liquid.6)Morphology of the fiber: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM): A scanning electron microscope will be used to reveal the internal structure of Densi-Fi samples.

Progress 09/01/23 to 08/31/24

Outputs
Target Audience:The primary audience we are pursuing for this projectare flavor and beverage manufacturerswho use oils in their beverages. Another possible audience couldbe investors who would be interested in partnering and be part of the journey as we seek to commercialize the technology for this project. The demand for natural oil weighting and emulsifying ingredients is high because presently there are no or very limited natural options to help stabilize beverage emulsions. Fiberstar has connections with many global beverage and flavor companies presently but this project will help bring a new solution, which these companies are looking for. Changes/Problems:Other than having one of the scientists working on the project leave the company for another job opportunity, there are been no major changes/problems overall from the original research plan. We have already hired a new employee who started in January 2024 to fill this vacancy, who has been able to catch up and make important contributions to the project in a relatively short amount of time. There has been somesmall time slippage compared to the original research plan in part due the employeechange and therefore a 12 month time extension request was submitted and granted, but overall the project is on track and proceeding to be completed by August 2025. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?We have participated and gave a seminar at the Hydrocolloids Summitt in New Jersey in 2022,2023, and 2024. We also have had several meetings with large multinational beverage and flavor companies to present the proposed products to garner interest in a possible partnership or collaboration. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results and samples have been shared with potential customers for early stage feedback to help shape the product development effort. We have also put together a strategic plan and scoping document as we seek to find partners who could be interested in the finalizing development and commercialiization. Additionally, we intend to pursue an intellectual property assesment and possibly file for a patent in the next few months. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Our plan is to finish the remaining tasks in the Phase II project proposal. These tasks include further structure-function studies of the product, IP assessment, and doing any needed changes to the product based on feedback from customers. We still have a few small changes we'd like to do in the recommended emulsion formulas we provide to customers and partners in order to obtain longer term shelf life stability.We also plan to do morescale-up testing as we want to determine the cost and means of commercialize Densi-Fi.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? In the 24months since thisPhase II project started, many of the goals of the proposal have already either achieved or steps taken to complete the goals and objectives. A process has been developed, emulsions and beverages produced, and shelf life studies conducted over a period of3-6 months. Additionally, two new ingredients were commercialized as a result of the technology developed as part of this project, Citri-Fi 400 and 600, which has a lot of applications besides just beverages. Specific to beverage emulsions, we've developed cost savings models for reducing ingredients that are currently are chemically modified and/or unsustainably sourced in Sudan and characterized these emulsions and beverages over time. Additional lessons learned include the realization that high-pressure homogenizationhas significant potential to improve the performance of fiber systems. Future planned experiments in Phase II include scale-up tests, characterizing emulsions when co-emulsifiers are used together with Densi-Fi, andfurther process optimization. Additionally work on the IP developed in this project and freedom to operate is also planned in upcoming months.

Publications


    Progress 09/01/22 to 08/31/23

    Outputs
    Target Audience:The audience we are pursuing for thisproject (and progress reports) are flavor and beverage manufacturerswho use oils in their beverages. The demand for natural oil weighting and emulsifying ingredients is high because presently there are no or very limited natural options to help stabilize beverage emulsions. Fiberstar hasconnections with many global beverage and flavor companies presently but this project will help bring a new solution, which these companies are looking for. Changes/Problems:No major changes have occurred or are planned as far as the objectives and tasks for the project. However, there has been one role change as one of our Senior Scientists left the company and found a new job. Therefore, we'll be hiring a new person to fill this role for the remaining 12 months of the project. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?We have participated and gave a seminar at the Hydrocolloids Summitt in New Jersey in 2022 and 2023. Additionally, we have had several meetings with large multinational beverage and flavorcompanies to present the proposed products. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results and samples have been shared with potential customers for early stage feedback to help shape the product development effort. We intend to pursue an intellectual property assesment and possibly file for a patentin the next few months. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Our plan is to finish the remaining tasks in the Phase II project proposal.These tasks include further structure-function studies of the product, doing any needed changes to the product based on feedback from customers, scale-up testing, as well as further beverage application development. We have provided samples to potential customers a few months ago so we should be receiving feedback soon to see if any further product refinements are needed.

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? In the first 12 months of the Phase II project, many of the goals of the proposalhave already either achieved or steps taken to complete the goals and objectives. Namely, additional process development & optimization has been completed, structure-function characterization are underway, and several beverage application studies are underway. Future planned experiments in Phase II include scale-up tests, compositional analysis, further process optimization, and further systematic studies of beverageapplications using the Densi-Fi samples made in this project. Confocal imaging was also completed at the University of Minnesota. With the new equipment purchased as part of this project, particle size analysis was also completed to help quantify beverage stability during storage. While it is too early in the project to know the full commercialization potential of this project, parts of this project does look like it certainly can be commercialized at any time.

    Publications