Source: ENVERGEX LLC submitted to NRP
NOVEL MATERIALS AND METHODS TO INCREASE SOIL CARBON
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1028376
Grant No.
2022-33530-36920
Cumulative Award Amt.
$175,000.00
Proposal No.
2022-00973
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Jul 1, 2022
Project End Date
Feb 29, 2024
Grant Year
2022
Program Code
[8.4]- Air, Water and Soils
Recipient Organization
ENVERGEX LLC
10 PODUNK RD
STURBRIDGE,MA 015661046
Performing Department
(N/A)
Non Technical Summary
The proposed project addresses three key challenges facing the agriculture sector: 1) CO2 emissions, 2) waste disposal/minimization, and 3) degrading soil health.Biomass processing releases significant CO2 to the atmosphere. One example is the manufacturing of bio-ethanol. CO2 emissions result from fermentation and combustion of fuels for steam production. While the use of biomass is in itself mostly carbon neutral, sequestering the CO2 emission from such processes would be very desirable (net -negative CO2).Both the energy and agriculture sectors produce large quantities of residues that present environmental challenges but also an economic opportunity. Some of the residues contain alkaline materials that would be useful for CO2 capture.Degrading soil quality is an issue globally. About 80% of the total global carbon is tied up in soils. Due to degradation, soils today in many parts of the world have significantly reduced soil carbon, resulting in more atmospheric CO2.We will use laboratory research to test and improve the carbonation ability of biomass-derived and other alkaline materials so that CO2 emissions from biomass processing facilities can be economically captured. We will characterize the products of CO2 capture as potential soil amendment materials for increasing soil carbon and improving soil health. We will evaluate these products for their ability to adsorb and retain organic materials, moisture and other nutrients in the soil so that they are not lost via leaching or via other mechanisms.If successful, we will provide an economically viable process to upgrade biomass conversion wastes (alkaline residues) by capturing CO2 emissions and generate a value-added soil amendment product. The proposed process is applicable to small scale, distributed sources of CO2 that are typical of agricultural manufacturing, as it provides a low cost and viable method for CO2 sequestration where traditional capture, compression and geologic storage is not economically viable or geographically available. We will facilitate additional revenue sources for agri-products, such as by enabling manufacturing of low carbon fuels (e.g. ethanol), carbon sequestration tax credits, and carbon offsets. The end result is net-negative carbon emissions for biomass processing, significant reduction in waste issues for biomass/energy sectors, and a unique and multi-benefit soil amendment product to increase soil carbon and improve soil health.
Animal Health Component
30%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
0%
Applied
30%
Developmental
70%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
1020110202030%
1410410202015%
4027299202040%
4031844202015%
Goals / Objectives
One of the major goals of the project is to enable carbon-negative biomass utilization by developing an economically viable process to capture CO2 emissions from biomass processing via accelerated CO2 mineralization of alkaline materials, eliminating the need for geologic CO2 disposal. A second major goal is to increase soil carbon and improve soil health via the use of the mineralized products from the CO2 capture step as soil amendments.
Project Methods
The project in Phase I will involve laboratory research to demonstrate proof-of-concept of our novel mineral carbonation process. We will perform testing to determine performance and the optimum operating window and will extensively characterize resulting products to determine properties and value for end-use markets as soil amendments. Phase I will include laboratory testing to validate the value of our materials for soil amendment and soil carbon increase application, including: 1) confirmation of in-situ (within soil) CO2 capture, 2) quantification of the moisture and inorganic plant nutrient sorption affinity, and 3) characterization of sorption of various organic plant decomposition products. At the completion of Phase I, we will have demonstrated the valuable characteristics of our products for increasing soil carbon and improving soil health.If the project is successfully transitioned to Phase II, it will involve scale up, with the construction and extensive testing of a fully-integrated pilot-scale test system for CO2 capture via mineral carbonation. Having a larger test system in Phase II will also generate more product materials and will allow more detailed investigation of the soil amendment properties of our products, including greenhouse experiments and potentially small-scale field experiments. A process model and techno-economic assessment and market study will also be conducted in Phase II. We will then engage with industry supporters and potential end-users of our products to prepare for next stages of development and commercial deployment.

Progress 07/01/22 to 02/29/24

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience for this project include agriculture producers, researchers, agriculture industry (product processing and energy) and university students focused on agriculture/plant-based products. We have developed soil amendment/nutrient delivering products that would benefit agriculture producers by providing lower cost substitutes for fertilizers and improved nutrient (e.g. potassium and phosphorus use efficiency) utilization and increasing soil carbon benefiting overall soil health. Through our project and sub-contract with the University of North Dakota College of Engineering and Mines Research Institute we assist in delivering learning opportunities through experimental and laboratory/greenhouse research experiences to graduate and undergraduate student researchers. Throughout the period of performance, we have developed and engaged with industry partnerships to both procure residue materials and understand their process and residue streams. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Through the subcontract with the University of North Dakota, we have been able to engage graduate and undergraduate students and provide them opportunities to gain experience in experimental work and material analysis. This work included training in analytical methods for material characterization as well as in data analysis and testing operations from experimental activities. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?We have engaged with industry partners that have provided residue materials as well as partners for the capture of CO2 emissions. This engagement includes learning about their industrial processes, developing to fit their needs, and updating partners on the progress of work completed with their residue material. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? During this project period, proof of concept of the developed accelerated CO2 mineralization process has been established utilizing procured industrial residues. With the capability of reaching near complete carbonation in minutes. We observed up to 35% CO2 capture by weight of residue in some of the acquired materials evaluated. These residues, in addition to capabilities under the novel mineralization process, were characterized for their compositions and structures. Many showed to have unique attributes and alkali-containing species beneficial to improving overall soil health. Evaluations to investigate the adsorption of phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon were performed utilizing methodologies developed during this project period. We found that several residue materials have the capability to adsorb these components; uptakes in the range of 2-16 mg P/g of residue and dissolved organics in range of 5-25 mg C/g of residue were noted. Phosphorus adsorption provide nutrients to the soil while dissolved organic carbon sorption will increase soil carbon over time.

Publications

  • Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2024 Citation: NOVEL METHODS TO INCREASE CARBON MINERALIZATION RATES Charles Kporxah M.S. Energy Engineering, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND May 2024


Progress 07/01/22 to 06/30/23

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience for this project include agriculture producers, university students and researchers and industry focused on agriculture/plant-based product. We have developed soil amendments/nutrient delivering products that would potentially benefit agriculture producers by providing lower cost substitutes for fertilizers and improved nutrient (e.g. nitrogen use efficiency) utilization and increasing soil carbon benefiting overall soil health. Through our project and sub-contract with the University of North Dakota College of Engineering and Mines Research Institute (CEMRI for short, and formerly Institute for Energy Studies) we assist in delivering experimental learning opportunities and laboratory/greenhouse experiences to graduate and undergraduate student researchers. Throughout this period of performance, we have engaged with industry partnerships to both procure residue materials and understand their process and residue streams. Changes/Problems:No changes in approach were made on the project. The project schedule was extended by additional twelve months to include plant growth experiments to coincide with the growing season at the project site. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Through the subcontract with the University of North Dakota, we have been able to engage graduate and undergraduate students and provide them opportunities to gain experience in experimental work and material analysis. This work included training in analytical methods for material characterization as well as in data analysis and testing operations from experimental activities. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?We have engaged with industry partners that have provided residue materials as well as partners for the capture of CO2 emissions. This engagement includes learning about their industrial processes, developing to fit their needs, and updating partners on the progress of work completed with their residue material. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We plan to continue to evaluate our mineralized products' use as a soil amendment to improve soil health; this will be evaluated through greenhouse plant growth experiments. We will also continue development and evaluation of industry residues in our novel mineralization process through additional experimental work and outreach to industrial partners. A key objective of this outreach will be to obtain larger quantities of residues for larger scale testing in the next project phase as well as potential test site(s) for pilot testing of the mineralization technology. We plan to file patent applications on the novel process and material compositions developed in this project.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? During this project period, proof of concept of the developed accelerated CO2 mineralization process has been established utilizing procured industrial residues, with the capability of reaching near complete carbonation in minutes. We observed up to 35% CO2 capture by weight of residue in some of the acquired materials during theevaluations. These residues, in addition to evaluating their capabilities under the novel mineralization process, were also characterized for their compositions and physical structures. Many were shown to haveunique attributes and alkali-containing species that could be beneficial to improving overall soil health. Evaluations to investigate the adsorption of phosphorus (P) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were performed utilizing methodologies developed during this project period. We found that several residue materials have the capability to adsorb these components; uptakes in the range of 2-16 mg P/g of residue and dissolved organics in range of 5-25 mg DOC/g of residue were noted. Phosphorus adsorption provide nutrients to the soil while dissolved organic carbon sorption will increase soil carbon over time.

Publications