Progress 01/01/22 to 12/31/24
Outputs
Target Audience:Students, nutrition professionals, and the public/lay persons Changes/Problems:Due to COVID-associated hiring delay, our request of no-cost extension (for 1 year) was approved by USDA NIFA. Thank you. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Eight undergraduate students were recruited to work on this project. These students were trained by the personnel of the animal facility in animal care and handling along with aseptic surgery training. This was the first time that the undergraduate students gained experience in carrying out research experiments with animals. A postdoctoral scholar from the Oklahoma State University joined the research team, whose primary role was to train the students in collecting the different sections of the colon and fecal samples. Two PhD students were also actively involved in the studies in animal necropsy and tissues collection and data analyses. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Cameron Gamwell, Jeremiah Moore, Logan Nichols, Cori Kelley, Huimin Chen, Yashu Tang, Dingbo Lin, Richard Baybutt. Atlantic mackerel supplementation modulates gut microbiota and protects against DSS-induced dysbiosis in rats. Nutrition 2025 (poster presentation) Jeremiah Moore, Samuel Stafford, Bryson Gillam, Cameron Gamwell, Yashu Tang, MD Hasan, MD Salahuddin, Dingbo Lin, Richard Baybutt. Atlantic mackerel is protective in DSS-induced colitis rat models. Nutrition 2024 (poster presentation) What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We began the project by searching for an appropriate source of Atlantic Mackerel. We selected the brand "Season's Brand" of certified wild caught and sustainable skinless and boneless Atlantic Mackerel (AM) in water with no salt added. We did not select the AM in olive oil, tomato, mustard, or other sauces to minimize extraneous variables. The canned AM was freeze dried and a small sample was sent to "Eurofins," Bothel, WA for nutrient and heavy metal analysis. As predicted the content of freeze-dried AM was relatively low in mercury and lead, but surprisingly high in cadmium and arsenic. AM contains high vitamin D. The AM containing diets (1% and 55 AM) were made up by Research Diets, Inc., Brunswick, New Jersey. Two animal feeding studies were completed: Study #1) AM protection of DSS induced colitis: Thirty-six weanling male rats arrive in the animal facility and were acclimated for five days on a standard chow diet and then placed on one of three diets: control diet, control plus 1% freeze dried AM, or control plus 5% freeze dried AM. Half of each (6 rats) from one of these dietary treatments were administered 3% Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) in their drinking water for one week after four weeks of dietary treatment. The rats were fasted, anesthetized with isoflurane, blood collected by heart puncture. After several hours the clotted blood was centrifuged for five minutes at 1500 RPMs for serum collection and stored frozen in -80 freezer. A sample of their lung, liver, and intestine were either fixed in 10 % formaldehyde or quick frozen using dry ice. The 10% formaldehyde was replaced with 70% ethanol and stored in this solution. Fecal samples were collected and frozen for later analysis. The results revealed that both 1 % and 5 % AM feeding for 4 weeks were protective in DSS-induced colon colitis. AM supplementation did not cause any changes in food intake, compared to the control groups. There were also no differences in body weight gain in groups with or without DSS treatments. However, histology and genomics results showed that AM attenuated DSS-induced inflammation and tissues damage in colons. Mechanistic/analytical assessments further indicated that DSS triggered pT705-STAT3 activation and vitamin D receptor (VDR) suppression, and Cyp27B1 P450 and SOCS3 were elevated at protein levels. Yet, RAR, RXR, and ISX were not changed. Application of AM (1 % and 5 %) reversed the DSS effects on colon lamina propria tissues. Cecal microbiome profiling also indicated that though overall alpha- and beta-diversities were not altered, relative abundances at the genus levels of Clostridia, Fimicutes, and Porphyromonadaceae were decreased by DSS and reversed by AM. However, the decreased abundance of Roseburia and Anaerotruncus by DSS was not reversed by AM, suggesting that the response of microbiome composition were differentially to DSS and AM in those rats. Further, colonic lamina propria tissues were also subject to transcriptomics. The results indicated that DSS altered the pathways involved in lysosome, anion transport, apical part of cell function, including cation and anion transmembrane transporters, suggesting DSS-induced colonic damage. Application of AM up-regulated immunity-related pathways and mitochondrial function, but attenuated inflammatory cytokine responses, and suppressed pathways in cell adhesion molecules, ECM receptor interaction, and PI3K-AKT pathways in rats. Study #2) Thirty-six weanling male rats arrive in the animal facility and were acclimated for five days on a standard chow diet and then placed on vitamin A deficient diet for 6 weeks, followed by 3 % DSS for 1 week, After DSS treatment, animals were randomly divided into 3 groups (12 rats/group) by feeding vitamin A deficient diet (VAD), VAD+1 % AM, or VAD+5% AM for additional 4 weeks. Animals were euthanized after 3 hours fasting. The results showed that AM supplementation attenuated local (colonic) but not systemic inflammation as determined by IL-6 protein levels in colonic lamina propria tissues but not serum samples. Yet, the protein levels of RAR, RXR, VDR, ISX, SOC3, and Cyp27B1 were not changed by AM. DSS induced colitis in VAD rats was not improved by AM. Of notice, pT705-STAT3 was not elevated by VAD AM diets. The results indicated that AM supplementation did not promote health condition in VAD mice when treated with DSS. It also suggested that VAD was much more significantly impact those rats responses to DSS-induced colitis, and AM did not make the rats need of vitamin A.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2025
Citation:
Dingbo Lin. Gut microbiome and the host interaction in chronic and acute inflammation. Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park. April 11, 2025. Invited speaker
- Type:
Peer Reviewed Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2025
Citation:
Peiran Lu, Nichole Reisdorph, Audrey E. Hendricks, Richard Reisdorph, Kevin Quinn, Michael Armstrong, Cole Michel, Katrina Doenges, Daniel N. Frank, Wayne W Campbell, Emily B. Hill, Nancy F. Krebs, Yashu Tang, Dingbo Lin, Minghua Tang. 2025. Characterization of astaxanthin isomers in different types of salmon filets and human plasma after salmon consumption. Food Chem 482, 144024
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2025
Citation:
Dingbo Lin. From diet to transcriptome: How carotenoids shape ileum cell function and immune responses. The 2025 Carotenoid and Retinoid Interactive Group (CARIG) Symposium, Orlando, FL, May 30, 2025. Invited speaker (Declined due to personal reasons)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2025
Citation:
Dingbo Lin. Foods rich in vitamin A and carotenoids in obesity and diabetes: emerging roles, health benefits, and future perspectives. The 2nd International Symposium on Greater Food Approach and Future Food Science and Technology Innovation. Chengdu, China. May 24-25, 2025. Invited speaker
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Progress 01/01/23 to 12/31/23
Outputs
Target Audience: Students, nutrition professionals, and the public/lay persons Changes/Problems:Due to COVID-associated hiring delay, our request for no-cost extension (for 1 year) was approved by USDA NIFA. Thank you. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Four undergraduate students were recruited to work on this project. These students were trained by the personnel of the animal facility in animal care and handling along with aseptic surgery training. This was the second time that the undergraduate students gained experience in carrying out research experiments with animals. A postdoctoral scholar and two PhD students from the Oklahoma State University joined the research team, whose primary role were to train the students in collecting the different sections of the colon and fecal samples and performed all biochemical and molecular biological assessments using various tissue samples collected. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Accepted poster presentation abstract for ASN Nutrition 2024 in Chicago. Jeremiah Moore, Samuel Stafford, Bryson Gillam, Cameron Gamwell, Yashu Tang, MD Hasan, MD Salahuddin, Dingbo Lin, Richard Baybutt. Atlantic mackerel is protective in DSS-induced colitis rat models. Nutrition 2024 (poster presentation) What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?The samples collected during the first study will be analyzed for colonic lamina propria transcriptomics will be completed and Study 2 (Aim 2) will be completed next year as well. ?
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
This is the year 2 progress report. We were working on Study I (Aim 1) sample analysis and preparing for the animal feeding study for Aim 2, e.g., purchased the Atlantic mackerel fish fillets and freeze-dried and nutrition values accessed by Eurofins, Inc. The experimental results of the Study I revealed that both 1 % and 5 % AM feeding for 4 weeks were protective in DSS-induced colon colitis. AM supplementation did not cause any changes in food intake, compared to the control groups. There were also no differences in body weight gain in groups with or without DSS treatments. However, histology and genomics results showed that AM attenuated DSS-induced inflammation and tissues damage in colons. Mechanistic/analytical assessments further indicated that DSS triggered pT705-STAT3 activation and vitamin D receptor (VDR) suppression, and Cyp27B1 P450 and SOCS3 were elevated at protein levels. Yet, RAR, RXR, and ISX were not changed. Application of AM (1 % and 5 %) reversed the DSS effects on colon lamina propria tissues. Cecal microbiome profiling also indicated that though overall alpha- and beta-diversities were not altered, relative abundances at the genus levels of Clostridia, Fimicutes, and Porphyromonadaceae were decreased by DSS and reversed by AM. However, the decreased abundance of Roseburia and Anaerotruncus by DSS was not reversed by AM, suggesting that the response of microbiome composition were differentially to DSS and AM in those rats.
Publications
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Progress 01/01/22 to 12/31/22
Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience during this reporting period is to students, nutrition professionals, and the public/lay persons. Changes/Problems:Due to COVID-associated hiring delay, our request of no-cost extension (for 1 year) had been approved by USDA NIFA. Thank you. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Four undergraduate students were recruited to work on this project. These students were trained by the personnel of the animal facility in animal care and handling along with aseptic surgery training. This was the first time that the undergraduate students gained experience in carrying out research experiments with animals. A postdoctoral scholar from the Oklahoma State University joined the research team, whose primary role was to train the students in collecting the different sections of the colon and fecal samples. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?We plan to present our findings to the American Society of Nutrition meeting next year after we have analyzed our collected samples and generated sufficient data to present. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? The samples collected during the first experiment will be analyzed while we plan for and execute a similar experiment which also will include the impact of a vitamin A deficient diet (objective #2). We plan to begin the next experiment within the next couple months.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We began the project by searching for an appropriate source of Atlantic Mackerel. We selected the brand "Season's Brand" of certified wild caught and sustainable skinless and boneless Atlantic Mackerel (AM) in water with no salt added. We did not select the AM in olive oil, tomato, mustard, or other sauces to minimize extraneous variables. The canned AM was freeze dried and a small sample was sent to "Eurofins," Bothel, WA for nutrient and heavy metal analysis. As predicted the contentof freeze dried AM was relatively low in mercury and lead, but surprisingly high in cadmium and arsenic. The diets were made up be Research Diets, Inc., Brunswick, New Jersey. Thirty-six weanling rats arrive in the animal facility and were acclimated for five days on a standard chow diet and then placed on one of three diets: control diet, control plus 1% freeze dried AM, or control plus 5% freeze dried AM. Half of each (6 rats) from one of these dietary treatments were administered 3% Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) in their drinking water for one week after four weeks of dietary treatment. The rats were fasted, anesthetized with isoflurane, blood collected by heart puncture. After several hours the clotted blood was centrifuged for five minutes at 1500 RPMs for serum collection and stored frozen in -80 freezer. A sample of their lung, liver, and intestine were either fixed in 10 % formaldehyde or quick frozen using dry ice. The 10% formaldehyde was replaced with 70% ethanol and stored in this solution. Fecal samples were collected and frozen for later analysis. While these samples are being analyzed, plans for feeding rats a vitamin A deficiency are being discussed with the experiments beginning within a couple months.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
1. Dingbo Lin, Denis M Medeiros. The microbiome as a major function of the gastrointestinal tract and its implication in micronutrient metabolism and chronic diseases. Nutr Res. 2023 (in press). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2023.02.007
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Peiran Lu, Yashu Tang, Kelley Lin, Siau Yen Wong, Jianmin Chai, Paniz Jasbi, Lei Wu, Edralin A Lucas, Hui He, Jiangchao Zhao, Haiwei Gu, Tyrrell Conway, Adrian Wyss, Brenda J Smith, Dingbo Lin. Zeaxanthin-altered gut microbiome is associated with changes in whole body bone mineral density in mice. K-INBRE Genomics Symposium. University of Kansas-Lawrence, May 2022 (oral presentation)
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