Progress 09/01/23 to 08/31/24
Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience for these programs will be primarily new and experienced canola growers. Among these audience types, we may engage beginning farmers, women farmers, Hispanic farmers, Native American farmers, senior farmers, and military veterans. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?In October 2023, the PD organized the US Canola Research Conference, held in conjunction with the ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meetings in St. Louis, MO. The project PIs presented five abstracts from work supported by this NIFA project. The PIs had the opportunity to interact with other US and international canola experts in the areas of plant breeding, disease management, agronomic management, and crop modelling. The PD gave a greenhouse tour and discussion on plant breeding to two Agronomy lab courses, Crop Science and Crop Development and Biotechnology, during the reporting period. The PD was invited to present on winter canola agronomy and variety development to a group of eastern region agronomists from Crop Quest in January 2024. The group requested an update based on the resurgence in interest in growing winter canola following the announcement of the recommissioning of the crush facility in Goodland, KS. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?A list of activities is provided in the "Products" and "Other Products" sections. Project personnel use a diversity in modes of delivery including peer reviewed journal articles, professional society meetings, radio, electronic updates, presentations, classroom instruction, and field days. Much of the quick delivery methods centers around the seasonality of the winter canola crop. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Canola cultivar development and advancement Continue canola population development through hybridization of diverse germplasm Conduct bulk and pedigree selections in the field for advancing to the next generation of selection Propose release of KSR4767 Roundup Ready winter canola Propose increase of KSUR1212 sulfonylurea herbicide carryover tolerant winter canola Create hybrid testcross seed in the greenhouse for testing in 2024/25 Conduct general combining ability and heterosis studies in the field Produce canola performance testing at intermediate and final stages Coordinate the National Winter Canola Variety Trial Deploy relevant variety tests to regional collaborators Establish a blackleg screening nursery in Oklahoma Improve canola cropping systems by addressing agronomic production issues indentified through stakeholder input Conduct nitrogen management meta-analysis to inform future research direction Collect data from radiation use efficiency study carried out by New Mexico State University Coordinate a plant growth regulator study to aid growth regulation in Kansas and Texas Repeat nitrogen use efficiency study in Kansas Using the information dissemination plan deliver cultivar and agronomic management technologies to new and experienced canola growers through appropriate extension programs Outreach events occur at key periods of the winter canola life cycle (seedling, dormancy break, bolting, flowering, and maturity) targeting the greatest needs of local clientele All PIs are encouraged to present their research at an extension event in their area Rapid information dissemination through social media, radio interviews, streaming services and popular press is an important opportunity to relay research-based information Cultivar performance results are circulated annually via print media and websites The NWCVT report of progress summarizes results across major U.S. growing regions and is available online
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Winter canola planted acres increased for the first time in several years in fall 2023, with an estimated 33,000 acres in Kansas and Oklahoma (NASS, 2024). The increase was largely driven by the current recommissioning of a crush facility in Goodland, KS. This investment is the result of the EPA's recent approval of the canola oil pathways for use in renewable diesel, jet fuel, naphtha, liquified petroleum gas, and heating oil. The opportunity exists to produce additional domestic canola oil feedstocks for renewable diesel in the Great Plains. Winter canola cultivars that were developed and tested by this project are still the most widely grown cultivars in the region. The current project research and variety trials were planted into variable soil moisture conditions in fall 2023. Winter moisture was very good, allowing the established trials to attain the desired amount of aboveground biomass and root growth to enhance overwintering potential. A bitterly cold period in January 2024 caused winterkill at some locations that were challenged by fall establishment. In recent months, drought has taken over and is causing seed filling challenges, although recent rains should benefit what pods were set. Preliminary results indicate yields were generally greater than 2,000 lb/a where late rains benefited grain filling. Drier areas saw yields averaging around 1,100 lb/a. Early analyses show that data quality will support potential increase and release proposals for varieties under consideration for commercialization. The fates of the National Winter Canola Variety Trials supported by this project are variable. Three trials were lost to winterkill, one was lost ot poor establishment, one was lost to poor vernalization, and one was lost to a herbicide carryover issue. Four trials in Kansas, one trial in Oklahoma, and one trial in New Mexico will be harvested. Early results are positive and data quality is acceptable. Harvest in 2023 produced little useable seed because of significant, regionwide drought. Thus, we were unable to provide a full complement of Intermediate trials to our regular testing locations. Only one intermediate trial was harvested in Kansas, but yields were above average and data quality is excellent. Additional project trials include glyphosate tolerance and yield trials, hybrid yield trials, a nitrogen use efficiency trial, and a seed treatment trial. A new research trial undertaken near Clovis, NM is measuring the radiation use efficiency of winter canola. The goal is to gauge the role of flowers and pods in light interception and yield formation. Field sensors were installed to measure photosynthetically active radiation. Results from the nitrogen use efficiency trial indicate that a split spring application of N was beneficial to yield. The highest yield was observed with a spring split (lb N/acre applied at greenup/lb N/acre applied at early flower) of 75/25. Splits of 25/25 and 25/50 had greater yields than single applications of 50, 75, and 100. Results could benefit growers by allowing them to apply less total lb of N per acre but in a more efficient manner.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2024
Citation:
Correndo, Y., A. Carcedo, M. Secchi, M. Stamm, V. Prasad, S. Lira, C. Messina, and I. Ciampitti. 2024. Identifying environments for canola oil production under diverse seasonal crop water stress levels. Agric. Water Mgmt.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2024
Citation:
Stamm, M., A. Aubert, S. Angadi, J. Bell, H. Bhardwaj, D. Burns, P. Carr, H. Darby, J. de Koff, S. Dooley, K. Eck, E. Eriksmoen, B. Fisher, S. Fordyce, J. Holman, A. Hopkins, S. Jones-Diamond, B. Kirksey, S. Koeshall, K. Larson, G. Lillard, J. Lingenfelser, J. Lofton, P. Miller, J. Morrison, M. Nielson, R. Noland, M. Richmond, T. Roberts, B. Rushing, K. Russell, D. Santra, B. Suttner, C. Swinehart, D. Swinehart, J. Torrion, C. Trostle, and A. Walters. 2024. 2023 National Winter Canola Variety Trial. SRP1185. Kans. Ag. Exp. St. and Coop. Ext. Ser., Manhattan, KS.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2024
Citation:
Singh, P., S. Angadi, S. Begna, M.J. Stamm, B.J. Schutte, and D. VanLeeuwen. 2024. Soil water extraction, evapotranspiration, and water use efficiency of winter canola under various dormant and spring growth season irrigation strategies. Agric. Water Mgmt.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Bell, J.M., M. Stamm, C. Naylor, E. Kimura, R.L. Noland, J. Lofton, K. Heflin, P. Sirmon, and C.L. Trostle. 2023. Adaptability of canola to the Texas High Plains. In Agron Abs. [Online].
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Correndo, Y., A.J.P. Carcedo, M. Secchi, M. Stamm, and I.A. Ciampitti. 2023. Identifying environments for canola oil production under diverse seasonal crop water stress levels. In Agron Abs. [Online].
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Lofton, J., S. Harris, J. Rice, A. Zander, and M. Stamm. 2023. Evaluating N management systems on winter canola in the southern Great Plains. In Agron Abs. [Online].
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Stamm, M. 2023. A winter canola hybrid development program. In Agron Abs. [Online].
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Stamm, M. 2023. The national winter canola variety trial. In Agron Abs. [Online].
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Progress 09/01/22 to 08/31/23
Outputs
Target Audience:Experienced and beginning farmers and ranchers, women in agriculture, minorities in agriculture, veterans of foreign wars,agricultural professionals, grower organizations, and industry personnel will be taught cultivar characteristics, production methods and marketing strategies associated with winter canola. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The PD presented information on winter canola breeding to the undergraduate level crop breeding class in May 2023. The PD gave a virtual "Canola Production 101" presentation to a group from product development and sales from Bayer Crop Science in April 2023. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Information for clientele was made available through virtual and in-person extension programming, extension publications, radio interviews, social media, and popular press. All co-PIs used means within their university systems to deliver information to clientele. The PD gave a brief update of activities to the US Canola Association during its spring board meeting in March 2023. The PD participated in an interview about renewable biofuels that was broadcast over Kansas NPR stations. The PD is also an participatory member of the Great Plains Canola Association (GPCA), a major supporter and stakeholder in the region, and he has been involved in its reinitiation after a couple of years of inactivity. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
For Objective 1, 'KSR4848' Roundup Ready winter canola was approved for release in summer 2022. KSR4848 is later flowering and later maturing than other Roundup Ready varities on the market. A commercialization partner is being sought out to market the variety. A Foundation seed increase was harvested in summer 2022; however, due to extreme heat and drought, the seed produced was of very low amount and quality. Thus, a second increase was planted in fall 2022 but was also lost to drought. A third increase will be carried out in fall 2023. KSR4767 Roundup Ready winter canola was approved for increase in summer 2022. This variety possesses improved lodging tolerance and blackleg disease resistance. A breeder seed increase was carried out in the greenhouse in winter 2023 and final glucosinolate content will be determined on single plants to confirm quality. Acres planted to varieties with a K-State genetic component achieved over 30,000 for the seventh straight year. The majority of these acres are seeded in Kansas (KS), Oklahoma (OK), and Montana (MT). Following a year when record winter canola yields were attained, the yields at testing sites in KS in 2022 were much below average. This can be attributed to a drier-than-normal winter and early spring, fluctuating winter temperatures, and a lack of above ground biomass coming out of the winter. Yields in the National Winter Canola Variety Trial (NWCVT) were much lower than normal across KS and the broader Great Plains region. In Belleville, the OP and hybrid trial yields averaged 1,197 and 1,141 lb/acre compared to 3,950 and 4,550 lb/acre in 2021, respectively. The Garden City OP and hybrid trials were not harvested because of poor fall establishment and an irrigation oversight. The Hutchinson OP and hybrid trials averaged 714 and 828 lb/acre, respectively. The Manhattan OP and hybrid trials averaged 240 and 376 lb/acre, respectively. The Norwich site averaged 1,600 lb/acre for both the OP and hybid trials. Other trial site yields (lb/acre of OP and hybrid trials, respectively) that are a part of this project include Clovis, NM (757; 840) and Perkins, OK (1,309; 1,452). Yields outside of KS were challenged by drought conditions. Akron, CO was lost to extemely hot and dry spring conditions. Bushland, TX was lost to drought, hail damage, and a failed irrigation system. In addition, performance of intermediate yield trials was below average. Yields in the Great Plains Canola Variety Trial (GPCVT) averaged 1,296, 732, and 397 at Caldwell, Hutchinson, and Manhattan, KS, respectively. The GPCVT at Clovis, NM averaged 630 lb/acre. All yields were reduced by extreme drought and heat. The GPCVT site at Walsh, CO did not establish because of drought conditions. Yields in the Early Generation Screening Nursery (EGSN) averaged 538 and 297 lb/acre at Hutchinson and Manhattan, KS, respectively. For the intermediate Roundup Ready Yield Trial (RRYT), yields averaged 1,2778; 397, 155, and 1,232 lb/acre at Caldwell, KS; Hutchinson, KS; Manhattan, KS; and Perkins, OK, respectively. Unfortunately, the low yields and high variability within the intermediate trials made advancement decisions very challenging. For the second year, K-State-developed male sterile (A-line) hybrid parent lines were tested in hybrid combinations. Tests were carried out at four locations in KS using top commercial hybrids as checks. General combining ability is used as a measure of a hybrid's performance compared with a group of hybrids, such as the checks. We used the percent of check average as a relative measure of hybrid performance considering yields were lower than normal. At Manhattan, only one hybrid yielded greater than 100% of the check average. For Hutchinson, Norwich, and Belleville, respectively, seven, 11, and 11 hybrids measured greater than 100% of the check average. Seven and two hybrdis at Belleville and Manhattan, respectively, had winter survival scores that were greater than 100% of the check average. These results indicate that the initial winter survival and yields of K-State developed parent lines in hybid combination are comparable to today's commercial hybrids. In 2023, conditions were devastating because of drought, beginning with planting in September 2022. Several variety trials associated with this project were lost to poor establishment including in Akron and Walsh, CO; Caldwell, Hutchinson, and Norwich, KS; Scottsbluff, NE; Clovis, NM; Perkins, OK; and Bushland, TX. Trials were lost to winterkill in Belleville and Manhattan, KS. Trials in Yellow Jacket, CO; Garden City, KS; and San Angelo, TX will be harvested. For Objective 2, a synthesis study conducted at K-State identified suitable U.S. production environments for producing greater oil concentration with opportunities for acreage expansion. The objectives included i) characterization of environmental variability of oil in the NWCVT, ii) identification of geographical regions and states producing both high oil concentration and yield, and iii) exploration of the potential development for stable oil and high yield. The environmental component accounted for 75% of the total variation in seed oil, while the genotype factor only explained 8%. Overall, oil concentration averaged 398 g kg-1 but ranged from 311 to 461 g kg-1. The Midwest and Great Plains regions were shown to have a greater frequency of medium (> 389 g kg-1) and high oil concentrations (> 411 g kg-1). Genotypic variation for both seed oil and yield was found with an opportunity to achieve high oil and yield under varying environments. Our findings suggest that there is significant potential to further expand the area of winter canola production to increase oil productivity, and focus should be on breeding high yielding varieties with stable seed oil concentration. This study was published in Field Crops Research (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2022.108658). K-State researchers recently compiled an analysis to better quantify the impact of different timings and durations of heat and drought stresses on seed yield, oil yield, and quality. The main outcomes of this review highlighted that i) heat stress at a shorter duration before the end of flowering had the largest impact on yield, ii) drought stress caused the greatest negative impact on yield when imposed for a long duration during flowering or at a shorter duration during pod filling, and iii) short stresses had large negative consequences on oil concentration mainly during pod filling. These results indicate that more frequent, shorter periods of heat and drought could have major implications on canola seed yield and oil content.This study was published in Field Crops Research (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2023.108848). The canola crop input and plant growth regulator studies harvested in summer 2022 near Manhattan, KS were signficantly impacted by drought conditions. The crop input study was harvested, but yields ranged from 93 to 429 lb/acre. Extreme variability rendered the data unusable. The radiation use efficiency and crop establishment trials at NMSU were not planted because of sustained interuptions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The production research trials in KS, NM, and OK were compromised by extremely dry planting conditions and were not harvested in summer 2023. For Objective 3, the announcement by a grain handling company to recommission the Goodland, KS crush plant has reinvigorated interest in raising canola. Members of the project team participated in six canola informational meetings reaching over 175 attendees across Kansas and Oklahoma in May 2023. The PD participated in two radio interviews regarding this canola resurgence which were broadcast over the K-State Ag Radio Network and NPR. The project team will be reengaging with producers prior to the 2023-2024 growing season. Two canola production schools are being planned for August ahead of the August 31 deadline for crop insurance.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Secchi, M. A. (2022) Effects of Heat and Drought on Canola Seed Nutritional Quality and Yield: A Meta-Analysis [Abstract]. ASA, CSSA, SSSA International Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Stamm, M., A. Aubert, S. Angadi, C. Beiermann, J. Bell, H. Bhardwaj, D. Burns, P. Carr, H. Darby, J. de Koff, S. Dooley, K. Eck, E. Ericsmoen, B. Fisher, S. Fordyce, J. Holman, A. Hopkins, S. Jones-Diamond, B. Kirksey, S. Koeshall, K. Larson, G. Lillard, J. Lingenfelser, J. Lofton, P. Miller, M. Nielson, M. Richmond, T. Roberts, B. Rushing, K. Russell, D. Santra, B. Suttner, C. Swinehart, D. Swinehart, C. Trostle, and A. Walters. 2023. SRP 1178. 2022 National Winter Canola Variety Trial. Kans. Ag. Exp. St. and Coop. Ext. Ser., Manhattan, KS.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Secchi, M.A., I. Ciampitti, A. Correndo, T. Durrett, C. Messina, and P.V.V. Prasad. 2022. Suitability of different environments for winter canola oil production in the United States of America. Field Crops Res.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Secchi, M. A. (2022) Suitability of Different Environments for Winter Canola Oil Production in the United States of America [Abstract]. ASA, CSSA, SSSA International Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Secchi, M.A., J.A. Fernandez, M.J. Stamm, T. Durrett, P.V.V. Prasad, C.D. Messina, and I.A. Ciampitti. 2023. Effects of heat and drought on canola (Brassica napus L.) yield, oil, and protein: A meta-analysis. Field Crops Research.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Paramveer S., S. Begna, B. Schutte, M. Stamm, D.M. VanLeeuwen, and S. Angadi. 2022.
Seasonal Growth and Yield Formation of Winter Canola under Different Irrigation Strategies. Agronomy J.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Future climate change portrays mostly favorable impacts on winter canola yields in the United States. 2022. M.A. Secchi, A. Carcedo, M.J. Stamm, T. Durrett, P.V.V. Prasad, C.D. Messina, S. Lira, and I.A. Ciampitti. Agric. Systems.
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Progress 09/01/21 to 08/31/22
Outputs
Target Audience:Experienced and beginning farmers and ranchers, women in agriculture, minorities in agriculture, veterans of foreign wars, agricultural professionals, grower organizations, and industry personnel will be taught cultivar characteristics, production methods and strategies associated with winter canola. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The PD gave a presentation on winter canola variety development, ongoing research and outreach, and the latest developments within the canola industry to members of the Oklahoma Oilseed Commission in April 2022. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Information for clientele was made available through websites, virtual and in-person extension programming, extension publications, radio interviews, social media, and popular press. All co-PIs used means within their university systems to deliver information to clientele. The PD reported on the accomplishments, products, and impacts of this project to the US Canola Association Board of Directors and other key stakeholders at the November 2022 fall board meeting. The PD is also an active, participatory member of the Great Plains Canola Association (GPCA). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The 2021-2022 growing season coincided with the project period. For Objective 1, acres planted to varieties with a K-State genetic component achieved 40,000+, with the greatest acreages seeded in Kansas (KS), Oklahoma (OK), and Montana (MT). The PVP application for 'KS4719' (#202100186) was accepted for certification on 12/10/2021. A Foundation seed increase of KSR4848 was carried out with the intention of release in summer 2022 pending yield and oil data. In addition, seed increases were carried out for the varieties 'Torrington' and 'CP225WRR' to replenish Foundation seed stocks for current licensees. Breeder seed increases were carried out for KS4662, KSR4767, KSR4839S, and KSUR1212 in the winter greenhouse. Fall 2021 planting conditions consisted of poor soil moisture in the planting zone making establishment challenging. Fortunately, rains in October, coupled with warm temperatures, allowed the crop to emerge but somewhat later than normal. Observations of the 2021/22 winter canola trials indicate the majority of the crop survived the winter. However, soil moisture was severely depleted and much of the above ground biomass was lost to cold temperatures. As the crop entered bolting and flowering, it was extremely drought stressed. Recent rains have fallen but are too late to provide much benefit and yield potential is expected to be lower than average. Trials at Walsh, CO; Garden City, KS; and Lubbock, TX were lost to poor plant establishment in the fall. Variety trials to be harvested in June 2022 include Belleville, Caldwell, Hutchinson, Manhattan, and Norwich, KS; Akron and Yellow Jacket, CO; Scottsbluff, NE; Clovis, NM; Perkins, OK; and Bushland, TX. Even though biomass was reduced, winter survival was excellent at most locations. A few locations displayed differential winterkill and these results will be used as a screening tool to eliminate non-winter hardy germplasm and varieties from the breeding program. Across two sites of the Great Plains Canola Variety Trial (GPCVT), winter survival ratings ranged from 93.5% to 99.3%. Spring vigor ranged from 3.3 to 4.3 on a scale of 1=poor to 5=outstanding. A Roundup Ready Variety Trial (RRYT) at Caldwell, KS included both hybrids and open pollinated (OP) varieties. The hybrids averaged 95.9% and 3.7 and the OP checks averaged 96.0% and 3.3 for winter survival and spring vigor, respectively, indicating Roundup Ready experimental hybrids are on the same level as longstanding OP checks for these traits. In the OP National Winter Canola Variety Trial (NWCVT) across two KS locations, winter survival ratings ranged from 73.5% to 97.8% while spring vigor ranged from 3.1 to 4.0. In the hybrid NWCVT across these locations, winter survival ratings ranged from 46.7% to 93.8% and spring vigor ratings ranged from 1.1 to 4.1. The lower spring vigor ratings in the hybrids indicate a dramatic difference in aboveground biomass as a result of excessive fall growth (much greater in the hybrids versus OPs). This excessive growth caused fall stem elongation, elevating the plant crown to an unprotected position above the soil surface. The cold temperatures froze out the plant crowns of many hybrids, causing regrowth to occur from secondary growing points on the plant stems. As a result, these plants were much slower to green up in the spring. This is an unwanted characteristic because it results in delayed flowering and grain fill, weakened stems, and lodging. Overall, the OP varieties showed less vigorous fall growth and growing points remained prostrate to the ground. As a result, spring vigor and winter survival ratings were generally higher in the OPs. Elevated crowns as a result of excessive growth were also evident in the hybrid materials developed by the K-State canola breeding program. Compared to the high check, the three best hybrids for spring vigor heterosis equaled -3.4%, -6.9%, and -10.3% in the K-State hybrid yield trial near Manhattan, KS. For winter survival compared to the high check, heterosis of the three best hybrids equaled -0.7%, -1.7%, and -2.4%. These results indicate that the hybrid parental lines have slightly less vigor and winter survival than the top check in the trial. Compared to the check average, the three best hybrids for spring vigor heterosis equaled 1.6%, 0.5%, and -0.2%. For winter survival compared to the check average, heterosis of the three best hybrids equaled 15.5%, 11.3%, and 7.2%. These results indicate that the hybrid parent lines have slightly better vigor and winter survival than the check averages. To improve upon these traits, the program will continue to seek out diverse germplasm sources with greater winter hardiness and vigor to introgress male sterility. For Objective 2, many of the results were unavailable prior to submission of this report. The crop input and plant growth regulator trials at Manhattan, KS and the radiation use efficiency trial at Clovis, NM will be harvested. The winter canola stand resiliency trial at Perkins, OK will also be harvested. For Objective 3, extension and outreach activities, two canola field days were held in Kansas on May 12, 2022. Four K-State Agronomy e-Updates were written detailing the impacts of winterkill, topdressing spring fertility, army cutworm infestations, and spring growing conditions. Two radio programs were given on the K-State Ag Network summarizing winter growth and spring growing conditions. Journal articles titled "Suitability of different environments for winter canola oil production in the United States of America" and "Seasonal growth and yield formation of winter canola under different irrigation strategies" were submitted to Field Crops Research and Agronomy Journal, respectively.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Paramveer S., S. Begna, B. Schutte, M. Stamm, D.M. VanLeeuwen, and S. Angadi. 2022.
Seasonal Growth and Yield Formation of Winter Canola under Different Irrigation Strategies. Agronomy J.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Stamm, M., A. Aubert, R. Aiken, S. Angadi, E. Asfeld, C. Beiermann, J. Bell, H. Darby, J. de Koff, S. Dooley, K. Eck, E. Eriksmoen, J. Holman, A. Hopkins, G. Isaacs, J. Johnson, S. Jones-Diamond, E. Kimura, B. Kirksey, K. Larson, G. Lillard, J. Lingenfelser, J. Lofton, P. Miller, A. Post, T. Roberts, K. Russell, D. Santra, P. Sexton, C. Trostle, W. Thomason, and D. West. 2022. 2021 National Winter Canola Variety Trial. SPR1171. Kans. Ag. Exp. St. and Coop. Ext. Ser., Manhattan, KS.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Secchi, M.A., I. Ciampitti, A. Correndo, T. Durrett, C. Messina, and P.V.V. Prasad. 2022. Suitability of different environments for winter canola oil production in the United States of America. Field Crops Res.
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