Progress 09/01/21 to 08/31/24
Outputs
Target Audience:Stakeholder advisory council, pesticide safety education program educators, NC State extension administrators, NC A&T faculty, NGOs, Federal Partners (i.e. EPA, USDA, etc.), growers, commodity growers, state extension specialists, State IPM faculty and staff, NC Department of Agriculture (NCDA) agronomists, certified crop consultants, private pesticide/chemical sales reps, landscaping professionals, nurseryman and greenhouse growers, landscape/lawncare managers, other SERA3 partners, extension master gardeners volunteers (EMGV's), beekeepers, and consumers/NC residents and homeowners. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Program 1.1 A Plants, Pests, and Pathogens webinar series has been launched for extension agents and master gardener volunteers. Twenty webinars have been recorded and are available to view online. Three additional training opportunities were developed to provide information, training and tips to the Plant Toolbox. Program 1.2 Six landscape and ornamental IPM pilot trainings were held virtually. These precursor trainings explored landscape professionals on their willingness to integrate management of ornamental landscapes principals. These results of the pilot program were used in the development of the Protecting Pollinators in Urban Landscape Conference and Ornamental Workshop on Diseases and Insects. Program 1.3 Two agent trainings specifically focused on educating agents on how to conduct small insect research with farmers and also addressing insecticide resistance in cotton production systems. In addition, 10 training videos were developed on IPM in cotton, soybean, and cover crops and posted to the NCSU Extension YouTube channel. Program 1.4 Fifteen pollinator workshops were held reaching over 900 youth. Topics ranged from entomological explorations, Eco Tower: Integrating Pollinator Education into 4-H Programs, The Role of Insect Biodiversity, to Designing Pollinator Habitats. Three Agent and Educator Virtual Teaching Resources were created for use in the NC 4-H pollinator curriculum program. Program 1.5 The project created opportunities for training for the use of UAVs for integrated pest management at four levels. First, workshops were conducted providing a thorough training of county extension agents on all regulatory, flying skills, technical requirements, and agricultural applications of UAVs. Second, county agents trained colleagues in their respective offices using the information provided in the workshops. Third, county agents are educating growers about how to use UAVs to detect pest problems, what kind of images they should collect and provide agents for accurate diagnosis of those problems. Fourth, county agents are informing and advising local county officials about the usefulness of UAV technology for providing accurate, fast, and cost-efficient information for decision-making. We have completed the train the trainer process and a total of 6 agents have been certified for flying aerial vehicles, as well as image analysis. Program 2.1 In collaboration with area and county agents, we co-organized and held a field training for 20 agents in western North Carolina to visit multiple vegetable farms so we could teach them and practice disease diagnostics in the field on real plant materials, discuss management strategies including cultural practices and effective pesticides. We also provided video training for extension agents and growers to properly identify eight common tomato diseases. Program 2.2 The 5th and 6th iteration of the Aquatic Plant Management Workshop was held (A workshop started with previous EIP funding) for over 160 attendees (30extension agents). A total of 4 videos were created and uploaded to the NCSU Aquatic Plant Management YouTube Channel for the purpose of helping agents and public/private pond managers in Algae Identification, Novel Herbicide Application Technology for Aquatic Plants, Point Intercept Survey Methods, and Herbicide Application Equipment. These videos combined have over 6,500 views. Program 2.3 N/A Program 2.4 Twenty-one pollinator habitat, beneficial insect and IPM trainings were held reaching over 2000 participants. These events were placed across the state and participants ranged from specialists, county agricultural agents, growers, extension master gardener volunteers to youth. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Our dissemination/communication protocol has two primary components focused on promoting IPM with specialists, agents, growers, consumers, and youth; 1) Effectively communicate IPM in various contents and formats, depending on the knowledge of our intended audience; and 2) Utilize a variety of approaches for IPM dissemination to reach intended audiences. As a result, we plan to disseminate results in a wide variety of forms, including peer-reviewed journal articles and Extension publications, print and web-based fact sheets, videos and vignettes, presentations to stakeholders, youth enrichment (e.g., schools, 4-H programs, etc.), and direct communication with stakeholders. We plan to accomplish this through traditional communication channels such as phone, email, webinars, or in-person. We will also reach our existing and new audiences through local and regional Extension agents, EMG volunteers, shared newsletters, and social media. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Program 1.1 Accomplishments 27 Plants, Pests, and Pathogens (PPP) webinars offered reaching 155 agents and 3,702 EMGV's. 4,300 views of recordings Plant Toolbox: 23M unique page hits and over 12.5M visitors. 4,205 volunteer hours logged with approximate value of $124,140 12 agents and 110 EMGV's attended the EMGV College 8 video tutorials, 4 extension articles, 6 news releases developed Outcomes/Impacts Survey on how participating in PPP Webinars has benefited them, 93% of agents and EMGV's reported an increase in knowledge of plant diseases, 78% indicated improved diagnostic skills (follow-up survey, increase to 83%), 82% had used the knowledge gained to advise others on sustainability In another survey, EMGV's (122) were asked about the benefits of attending the EMGV College, 86% improved their knowledge of climate change impacts on plants, 81% learned new gardening strategies for adapting to climate change Program 1.2 Accomplishments Nine landscape and ornamental IPM trainings reaching 650 agents and green industry professionals. Measured attendee willingness to integrate management of ornamental landscapes. Design and discussion of the Protecting Pollinators in Urban Landscape, IPM for an Ecosystem, and the Ornamental Workshop on Disease and Insects based on results. Outcomes/Impacts The Protecting Pollinators conference brought together academic researchers and experts from the nursery, landscape, and greenhouse industries to discuss threats to and protection strategies for pollinators in urban landscapes and gardens. The Ornamental Workshop forum allowed plant pathologists and entomologists to discuss current pest problems facing ornamental and production crops. Program 1.3 Accomplishments Ten agent trainings (150 participants) on soybean, grain, and cotton pests and insecticide resistance, and educating agents on conducting small farm insect research Ten vignettes posted on the NCSU Extension YouTube channel (7,500 views) Most viewed were bollworm egg scouting threshold in cotton (1,100), weed suppression considerations in cover crops (2,400), cover crop benefits (929), and maintaining soybean seed quality (1,100) Outcomes/Impacts Through an increase in broad-scale changes in management strategies, we can increase economic and environmental sustainability and reduce negative impacts on human health brought on by potential pesticide exposure. Program 1.4 Accomplishments Three agent and educator trainings were created in the NC State CALS Online Academy (COA), and also used in the development of NC 4-H Pollinator curriculum. Titles included Busy World of Bees, Hive Helpers, and Winged Wonders. 16 Workshops reaching 952 youth and agents. Topics ranged from entomological explorations, integrating pollinator education into 4-H, role of biodiversity, designing pollinator habitats, IPM investigations to wild weeds. A Hatch Butterfly Program shipped 230 butterfly kits to NC classrooms and reached over 4,600 youth. Outcomes/Impacts A formative assessment was used to measure knowledge change following the COA Online Academy. All users strongly agreed that there was appropriate amount of content, which comments suggested they learned new ideas, but were not overwhelmed 85% strongly agreed with the relevance of the digital assets (videos, interactive games, and quizzes) as a meaningful way to explore content Program 1.5 Accomplishments The two train the trainer UAV workshops (20 agents) covered 1) Fly patterns for crop monitoring 2) Flying based on crop seasonality 3) Image collection methodologies (e.g., flying height, resolution, frequency, overlap) 4) Image processing and sharing 5) Diagnostics based on images 6) IPM recommendations Outcomes/Impacts 70% of the participants expressed interest and 33% of the participants acquired their UAV license 10% of the participants became trainers of colleagues in their respective county extension office and nearby counties Discussion at the Provost office and CALS have identified the need to develop a system to coordinate UAV activities and support agents Agents have a greater understanding on how using UAV and technology based programs can help growers reduce pesticide applications OBJECTIVE 2. Program 2.1 Accomplishments 8 short vignettes on tomato diseases have been created and are available on the NC State Extension YouTube channel. Vignettes have 25,392 views. Topics include symptoms, how to differentiate each disease, additional tools to use to help with diagnoses (e.g., stereoscopes that are accessible to county agents), and disease management Co-organized hands-on IPM training for 20 agents on NC vegetable farms Outcomes/Impacts Attendees (13) were asked to submit survey responses after IPM training, 100% of participants reported improving their pest and disease ID from Fair (before the training) to Pretty Good or Very Good (after the training). 50% were more comfortable with disease ID by combining field-based symptomology with microscopic confirmation of spores or bacterial streaming. Agents were asked to complete survey, if they used a minimum of 3 tomato vignettes, 95% reported they would help identify (or rule out) a given tomato disease Before watching, most (69%) agents were either "Not at all confident" to "confident for some" in disease identification skills. After watching, 45% reported "very confident" and 52% reported "somewhat confident" while 0% "not at all confident" Program 2.2 Accomplishments 4 vignettes were created and uploaded to the NCSU Aquatic Plant Management YouTube Channel. Topics included algae ID, novel herbicide application technology in aquatics, point intercept survey methods, application equipment 6,500 views Shared at Aquatic Plant Management Workshop (A workshop started with previous EIP funding) for 80 attendees/18 agents NC Department of Ag Regulated Aquatic Plant ID Guide developed and distributed to the NCDA & CS Plant Industry Division Outcomes/Impacts Information provided through text and video will inform safe and proper management strategies aimed at controlling aquatic weeds. Viewers will gain insight into common weed management situations. Program 2.3 Accomplishments A needs assessment was developed to reveal pesticide knowledge of managers and employees at local retailers that distribute pesticide products to the general public. With Co-PI Crawley leaving NCSU, we shifted to developing an Urban and Peridomestic Arthropod Pest Control manual based on the needs assessment. The manual is focused on educating retailers in IPM at local and regional retail facilities. Outcomes/Impacts Based on results of the needs assessment, the manual will increase knowledge but also reduce the number of incorrect pesticidal product recommendations, as well as superfluous product recommendations. Program 2.4 Accomplishments 21 trainings on various topics ranging from, pollinator habitat, beneficial insects, and IPM fundamentals reaching 1800 participants Collected data, pictures, and videos from the pollinator habitat demonstration were used in these trainings The pilot for a new pollinator certificate program was launched in the summer of 2024. Program encourages NC residents to install and maintain landscapes that function as beneficial habitats for pollinators Outcomes/Impacts Attendees (27) submitted survey responses after a pollinator habitat training (2024). After workshop, 96% strongly agreed they had a better understanding of how to design a garden to benefit pollinators 70% of participants strongly agreed that after attending, they are more equipped to answer questions from others about how they can manage their landscapes to protect pollinators 96% of respondents somewhat to strongly agreed that they had a better understanding of how to incorporate native plants into a garden 1. Total peer-reviewed publications: 24 2. Total non-peer-reviewed publications: 4 3. Total presentations: 123 4. Total people reached by your project during this cycle: 55481
Publications
|
Progress 09/01/23 to 08/31/24
Outputs
Target Audience:Stakeholder advisory council, pesticide safety education program educators, NC State extension administrators, NC A&T faculty, NGOs, Federal Partners (i.e. EPA, USDA, etc.), growers, commodity growers, state extension specialists, State IPM faculty and staff, NC Department of Agriculture (NCDA) agronomists, certified crop consultants, private pesticide/chemical sales reps, landscaping professionals, nurseryman and greenhouse growers, landscape/lawncare managers, other SERA3 partners, extension master gardeners volunteers (EMGV's), beekeepers, and consumers/NC residents and homeowners. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Program 1.1 A Plants, Pests, and Pathogens webinar series has been launched for extension agents and master gardener volunteers. Twenty webinars have been recorded and are available to view online. Three additional training opportunities were developed to provide information, training and tips to the Plant Toolbox. Program 1.2 Six landscape and ornamental IPM pilot trainings were held virtually. These precursor trainings explored landscape professionals on their willingness to integrate management of ornamental landscapes principals. These results of the pilot program were used in the development of the Protecting Pollinators in Urban Landscape Conference and Ornamental Workshop on Diseases and Insects. Program 1.3 Two agent trainings specifically focused on educating agents on how to conduct small insect research with farmers and also addressing insecticide resistance in cotton production systems. In addition, ten training videos were developed on IPM in cotton, soybean, and cover crops and posted to the NCSU Extension YouTube channel. Program 1.4 Fifteen pollinator workshops were held reaching over 900 youth. Topics ranged from entomological explorations, Eco Tower: Integrating Pollinator Education into 4-H Programs, The Role of Insect Biodiversity, to Designing Pollinator Habitats. Three Agent and Educator Virtual Teaching Resources were created for use in the NC 4-H pollinator curriculum program. Program 1.5 The project created opportunities for training for the use of UAVs for integrated pest management at four levels. First, workshops were conducted providing a thorough training of county extension agents on all regulatory, flying skills, technical requirements, and agricultural applications of UAVs. Second, county agents trained colleagues in their respective offices using the information provided in the workshops. Third, county agents are educating growers about how to use UAVs to detect pest problems, what kind of images they should collect and provide agents for accurate diagnosis of those problems. Fourth, county agents are informing and advising local county officials about the usefulness of UAV technology for providing accurate, fast, and cost-efficient information for decision-making. We have completed the train the trainer process and a total of six agents have been certified for flying aerial vehicles, as well as image analysis. Program 2.1 In collaboration with area and county agents, we co-organized and held a field training for 20 agents in western North Carolina to visit multiple vegetable farms so we could teach them and practice disease diagnostics in the field on real plant materials, discuss management strategies including cultural practices and effective pesticides. We also provided video training for extension agents and growers to properly identify eight common tomato diseases. Program 2.2 The 5th and 6th iteration of the Aquatic Plant Management Workshop was held (A workshop started with previous EIP funding) for over 160 attendees (30 extension agents). A total of 4 videos were created and uploaded to the NCSU Aquatic Plant Management YouTube Channel for the purpose of helping agents and public/private pond managers in Algae Identification, Novel Herbicide Application Technology for Aquatic Plants, Point Intercept Survey Methods, and Herbicide Application Equipment. These videos combined have over 6,500 views. Program 2.3 N/A Program 2.4 Twenty-one pollinator habitat, beneficial insect and IPM trainings were held reaching over 2000 participants. These events were placed across the state and participants ranged from specialists, county agricultural agents, growers, extension master gardener volunteers to youth. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Our results have been disseminated through multiple platforms created in previous EIP grants. These include weekly pest news and information newsletters, immediate release through email (pest alerts) as well as on our social media platforms (Twitter and Facebook). The news, emails, and content is also posted to our (IPM portal), and our affiliated Extension Specialists spend a great deal of time traveling all over the state giving presentations and consult with individual growers. In addition, the pandemic has forced us to transition into more web-based/asynchronous learning trainings to move EIP/IPM information across North Carolina. Followers of the pest news and alerts range from land grant specialists and members of IPM-related industries to members of the general public. Those who follow via e-mail tend to be from land grant universities or government agencies, and those who follow via WordPress accounts tend to be from unknown backgrounds, although a few are from the landscape industry, garden centers, farms or the pest control industry. Through meetings with our Advisory Council, we continue to make strides to revise our communication plan and refined our audience. These audiences, which include mostly agricultural or horticultural professionals with an interest in IPM. We also target residents and homeowners in NC through our community focused programs with master gardeners, 4-H as well as community and school gardens. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Program 1.1 Accomplishments Nine additional Plants, Pests, and Pathogens webinars The total live attendance was 1,731 participants, with 48 extension agents. Online recordings have 1,823 views Extension Master Gardener volunteers contributed 1,168 hours to the Plant Toolbox for an approximate value of $34,981. 62 new plant profiles were added and 3,030 updated Eight video tutorials, four extension articles, six news releases were developed and posted to the extension gardening portal Outcomes/Impacts A follow-up survey was administered for the 2023 Plants, Pests, and Pathogens series. 83% of attendees indicated they improved their insect and plant disease diagnostic skills 87% of the participants learned about at least one new Extension IPM resource that they intend to share with the public A follow-up survey of Extension Master Gardener College attendees (122), were asked about the benefits of attending. Of those responding, 93% increased awareness of NC State Extension resources they can use in community outreach. Program 1.2 Accomplishments The Protecting Pollinators in Urban Landscape Conference/IPM for an Ecosystem was held at the University of Georgia. The conference pulled together academic researchers and experts from the nursery, landscape, and greenhouse industries to discuss threats to and protection strategies for pollinators in urban landscapes and gardens. The Ornamental Workshop on Diseases and Insects was also held at the J.C. Raulston Arboretum in Raleigh, NC. This forum allowed plant pathologists and entomologists to discuss current pest problems facing ornamental and production crops. Outcomes/Impacts A total of six landscape and ornamental IPM pilot trainings were held previously reaching 432 extension agents and green industry professionals. The information gained in these pilots was used to craft the Protecting Pollinators in Urban Landscape and the Ornamental Workshop on Disease and Insects. Program 1.3 Accomplishments Two agent trainings (75 participants) specifically focused on educating agents on how to conduct small insect research with farmers and also addressing insecticide resistance in cotton production systems. Outcomes/Impacts Ten vignettes have been posted on the NCSU Extension YouTube channel. Bollworm egg scouting threshold in cotton (1,100 views), scouting tarnished plant bug in cotton (433), maintaining soybean seed quality (1,100), scouting insects in cover crop mulch (217), weed suppression considerations in cover crops (2,400), field planting exercises for cover crops (342), management of tarnished plant bugs in cotton production (433), Replant considerations in cotton (214), Cover Crop Benefits in North Carolina (929). Preventing seedling Diseases in Early Planted Soybeans (243). Program 1.4 Accomplishments Three Agent Trainings were created in the CALS Online Academy (COA). The Busy World of Bees, Hive Helpers, and Winged Wonders were developed for the NC 4-H Pollinator curriculum program. Eight pollinator workshops were held reaching 461 youth. Topics ranged from Entomological Explorations, Eco Tower: Integrating Pollinator Education into 4-H Programs, The Role of Insect Biodiversity, to Designing Pollinator Habitats. Outcomes/Impacts A selected group of individuals had the opportunity to beta-test the trainings. This formative assessment results showed; All users strongly agreed that there was appropriate amount of content and comments suggested they learned new ideas and strategies. 85% strongly agreed with the relevance of the digital assets (videos, interactive games and quizzes) as a meaningful way to explore content. Program 1.5 Accomplishments Two hands-on UAV trainings reached 20 agents. After the training several agents requested on-site UAV consultation. Visits were conducted to help agents train other agents and interact with growers that are currently using drones to collecting images. Meetings were conducted with NCSU leadership at the Provost office and College of Agriculture to develop a system to coordinate activities and support to extension specialists. Outcomes/Impacts 70% of the participants expressed their interest in getting their drone pilot license. Approximately, a third of the participants finished the processes and acquired their license. 10% of the participants became trainers of colleagues in their respective county extension office and nearby counties. OBJECTIVE 2. Program 2.1 Accomplishments A total of 8 short videos on tomato diseases have been created through this program and now available on the NC State Extension YouTube channel. These videos had over 20,000 views in the last year Outcomes/Impacts Attendees (13) were asked to submit responses to a brief survey after the 2023 Vegetable IPM Field Training. 100% of participants reported improving their pest and disease ID from Fair (before the training) to Pretty Good or Very Good (after the training). 50% of respondents reported feeling more comfortable with identification of diseases by combining field-based symptomology with microscopic confirmation of spores or bacterial streaming. Agents were asked to watch a minimum of 3 of the tomato vignettes and complete a brief survey. 95% of respondents (41/43) reported that the videos would help them identify (or rule out) a given disease on tomato in the field. Before watching the videos, most (69%) agents were either "Not at all confident" to "Confident for some diseases" in disease identification skills. After watching the videos, 45% reported "Very confident" and 52% reported "Somewhat confident" while 0% reported "Not at all confident". Program 2.2 Accomplishments A total of 4 vignettes were created and uploaded to the NCSU Aquatic Plant Management YouTube Channel. The vignettes focused on the topics of Algae Identification, Novel Herbicide Application Technology for Aquatic Plants, Point Intercept Survey Methods, and Herbicide Application Equipment. These videos combined have 6,500 views. Outcomes/Impacts Information provided through text and video will inform safe and proper management strategies aimed at controlling aquatic weeds in North Carolina. Viewers will gain insight into common weed management situations. Program 2.3 Accomplishments With Co-PI Sydney Crawley leaving NC State University, we shifted our focus to developing an Urban and Peridomestic Arthropod Pest Control manual. The manual can be used for future IPM training programs to help educate local and regional retail facilities that distribute pesticide products. Outcomes/Impacts We anticipate that the manual will not only result in a change of behavior for retail employees but also reduce the number of incorrect pesticidal product recommendations, as well as superfluous product recommendations. Program 2.4 Accomplishments Ten pollinator habitat, beneficial insect, and IPM trainings were held reaching 779 participants. Collected data and videos from the pollinator habitat demonstration were used in training programs. The pilot for a new pollinator certificate program was launched in the summer of 2024. This program aims to encourage North Carolina community members to install and maintain landscapes that function as beneficial habitats for pollinators. NC Cooperative Extension reported that over 6,667 youth participated in pollinator activities in 2023. Outcomes/Impacts Increased awareness and foster connection in communities, equipping members with the skill set needed to take action in their very own backyard. Though education and participation in this program we have increased floral resources, host plants, shelter for nesting and overwintering, and water sources along with reducing environmental impacts on pollinators through thoughtful landscape management practices. 1. Total number of peer-reviewed publications: 10 2. Total number of non-peer-reviewed publications: 2 3. Total number of presentations: 37 4. Total number of people reached by your project during this reporting period: 34680
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Ruzi, S., E. Youngsteadt, A. Hamblin Cherveny, J. Kettenbach, H. Levenson, D. Seth Carley, J. Collazo, and B. Irwin. 2023. Bee species richness through time in an urbanizing landscape of the southeastern USA. Global Change Biology. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17060
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2024
Citation:
Seth-Carley, D. & R.S. Adams, 2024. Pollinator Plant ID Guide for Pinehurst Resort . NC State University Extension.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Copeman, S., Nagle, A.M, and Frank, S.D. (2023) Impact of selected insecticides against European pepper moth infesting lantana, 2021, Arthropod Management Tests, Volume 48, Issue 1, 2023, tsad111, doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsad111.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2024
Citation:
Copeman, S.M. and Frank, S.D. (2024) Profile of Duponcheli fovealis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) as a greenhouse and nursery pest in the United States. Journal of Integrated Pest Management. 15(1), 19. doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmae011.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2024
Citation:
Cooper, A.P., E. R. Hinchliffe, A. J. Kohutek, L. K. Murray, L. L. White, and I. M. Meadows. A diagnostic guide for select Phytophthora species infecting floriculture crops. Plant Health Progress (Submitted Feb 2024 and accepted with minor revisions).
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Howell, A. W., Haug, E. J., Everman, W. J., Leon, R. G., & Richardson, R. J. (2023). Low carrier volume herbicide trials and UAAS support management efforts of giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta): a case study. Invasive Plant Science and Management. https://doi.org/10.1017/inp.2023.16
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Howell, A. W., Leon, R. G., Everman, W. J., Mitasova, H., Nelson, S. A. C., & Richardson, R. J. (2023). Performance of unoccupied aerial application systems for aquatic weed management: Two novel case studies. Weed Technology. https://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2023.32
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Haug, E. J., Howell, A. W., Sperry, B. P., Mudge, C. R., Richardson, R. J., & Getsinger, K. D. (2023). Simulated herbicide spray retention of commonly managed invasive emergent aquatic macrophytes. Weed Technology. https://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2023.26
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2024
Citation:
Leon, R.G. (2024) Resistance or tolerance: Distinction without a difference. Weed Science. 72:113-116, doi:10.1017/wsc.2023.80
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2024
Citation:
Leon, R.G. (2024) PROTAC as a new form of chemical weed control. Outlooks on Pest Management 35:18-21, https://doi.org/10.1564/v35_feb_04
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2024
Citation:
Foley K.J., Leon, R.G., and R.J. Richardson (2024) Comparison of temperature-influenced tuber germination of Virginia and Florida dioecious hydrilla populations. Journal of Aquatic Plant Management. In review
|
Progress 09/01/22 to 08/31/23
Outputs
Target Audience:Stakeholder advisory council, pesticide safety education program educators, NC State extension administrators, NC A&T faculty, NGOs, Federal Partners (i.e. EPA, USDA, etc.), growers, commodity growers, state extension specialists, State IPM faculty and staff, NC Department of Agriculture (NCDA) agronomists, certified crop consultants, private pesticide/chemical sales reps, landscaping professionals, nurseryman and greenhouse growers, landscape/lawncare managers, other SERA3 partners, extension master gardeners volunteers (EMGV's), beekeepers, and consumers/NC residents and homeowners. Changes/Problems:Co-PI Sydney Crawley is leaving NC State University effective 7/1/2023. We plan to continue the work and finish the program. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Program 1.1 A Plants, Pests, and Pathogens webinar series has been launched for extension agents and master gardener volunteers. Eleven webinar have been held and recorded and will continue to be offered through 2024. Program 1.2 Six landscape and ornamental IPM pilot trainings have been held virtually. These precursor trainings were intended to gain information from landscape professionals on their willingness to integrate management of ornamental landscapes. Program 1.3 N/A Program 1.4 Three Agent and Educator Virtual Teaching Resources have been created for the NC 4-H pollinator curriculum program. These include; The Busy World of Bees, Hive Helpers, and Winged Wonders. Seven pollinator workshops were held reaching over 426 youth. Topics ranged from designing landscapes to enhance beneficials, Bringing 4-H to the classroom, Insect IPM Investigations, WildWeeds as well as others. Program 1.5 We have completed the train the trainer process and two new professionals have been certified for flying aerial vehicles as well as image analysis. Program 2.1 In collaboration with area and county agents, we co-organized and held a field training for 20 agents in western North Carolina to visit multiple vegetable farms so we could teach them and practice disease diagnostics in the field on real plant materials, discuss management strategies including cultural practices and effective pesticides. Program 2.2 The 5th iteration of the Aquatic Plant Management Workshop was held (A workshop started with previous EIP funding) for over 80 attendees (18 extension agents) Program 2.3 N/A Program 2.4 Eleven pollinator habitat, beneficial insect and IPM trainings were held reaching 945 participants. These events were placed across the state and participants ranged from specialists, county agricultural agents, growers, extension master gardener volunteers to youth. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results have been disseminated through multiple platforms created in previous EIP grants. These include weekly pest news and information newsletters, immediate release through email (pest alerts) as well as on our social media platforms (Twitter and Facebook). The news, emails, and content is also posted to our (IPM portal), and our affiliated Extension Specialists spend a great deal of time traveling all over the state giving presentations and consult with individual growers. In addition, the pandemic has forced us to transition into more web-based/asynchronous learning trainings to move EIP/IPM information across North Carolina. Followers of the pest news and alerts range from land grant specialists and members of IPM-related industries to members of the general public. Those who follow via e-mail tend to be from land grant universities or government agencies, and those who follow via WordPress accounts tend to be from unknown backgrounds, although a few are from the landscape industry, garden centers, farms or the pest control industry. Through meetings with our Advisory Council, we continue to make strides to revise our communication plan and refined our audience. These audiences, which include mostly agricultural or horticultural professionals with an interest in IPM. We also target residents and homeowners in NC through our community focused programs with master gardeners, 4-H as well as community and school gardens. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Program 1.1 Continue to increase visibility and the number of visitors who use the capacity of the "Find a Plant" Function. Currently, many visitors come to look at a specific plant profile but do not explore the functionality of the database for recommendations. The Plants, Pests, and Pathogens webinar series will continue through the summer of 2024 and further impacts will be recorded. Program 1.2 Data from the initial trainings will be used to refine future workshops and educational materials and collect participants' current knowledge and recommendation on IPM topics generally and in relation to different fragments of landscape industry. We will continue developing a comprehensive IPM short course specifically designed for landscape professionals. The goal is to have the date finalized and speakers confirmed by mid-2023. Program 1.3 Additional trainings and two more videos will be produced in year 3. Also, a IPM guide will be created on tarnished plant bug in cotton. All of these products will be used as part of a "IPM package" for county agents with responsibility in grain and cotton production. Program 1.4 Finish Online Course Development for CALS Online Academy: 1.) Busy World of Bees (ages 5-7) and 2.) Winged Wonders (ages 5-8), We have also added two more online courses: 1.) Hive Helpers (ages 8-10) and 2.) Beekeepers (ages 11-13). These will be launched as a pilot for agents and use formative feedback for course improvement. Creation of 360° Video Technology integrated into Online Training: Youth are demanding more visually immersive videos. A pilot 360° has been planned to create a pollinator experience in the garden with clickable informational components. Additional video assets have been planned to include an agricultural field with beneficials and pests and possibly inside a honey bee hive. Program 1.5 A total of two trainings (10 agents each training) will be conducted during June 2023. After the training, the use of UAVs for diagnosis of crop production issues by county extension agents will be monitored and documented for an entire year. Additionally, a round table discussion group will be held at the end of each training cycle to discuss concerns and recommendations from stakeholders and agents. Program 2.1 We will continue to work on completing two additional videos. The topic will depend on the diseases present in the 2023 growing season. Range of topics include Fusarium wilt of tomato, pith necrosis of tomato, Tomato spotted wilt virus of tomato, or Buckeye rot of tomato. Program 2.2 We plan to finish the simple storyboard for aquatic weed ecology and methods to monitor, map, and remotely sense aquatic plants. We will also begin to collect videos on each of these topics. We also plan to collect video for the aquatic weed identification portion. By fall 2023, we plan to submit a draft of first extension article on Hydrilla for review. Once reviewed, we will send out a press release and post to the NC State Extension Publication collection as a "Biology and Integrated Management of Hydrilla". Program 2.3 Our plan is to deliver retailer-focused IPM training programs for insecticidal product sales to at least five store managers. Additionally, we will be printing and delivering manuals to as many local/regional stores as possible, with the offer of future in person trainings. Program 2.4 We plan to continue collecting video and "B roll" for production of several pollinators related vignettes. These vignettes will highlight pollinator awareness and conservation across NC. These vignettes will also be used in further IPM and pollinator trainings in year 3.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Program 1.1 (80% Complete) Accomplishments: A Plants, Pests, and Pathogens webinar series was launched in April 2022, and 11 webinars have been held. The webinar has reached 80 extension agents and 1,542 extension master gardener volunteers to date and the online recordings have received 2,519 views. The plant toolbox has 10,310,384 unique page views and over 5.5 million visitors since May 2022. 85 volunteers have logged 1,758 hours, for an approximate value of $52,659. 341 new plant profiles added in the last year. Added 518 IPM records including links to insect and disease publications. The Extension Master Gardener College was held on October 27-29, 2022. 12 Extension agents and 110 Master Gardener volunteers attended. Outcomes/Impacts: When asked in a follow-up survey how participating in Plants, Pests, and Pathogens has benefited them, 93% of agents and Master Gardener volunteers responding to the survey reported that participation increased their knowledge of pest and plant disease issues, 78% indicated they improved their diagnostic skills, and 88% felt the knowledge and skills they gained increased their effectiveness as Extension educators. 77% reported adopting a new sustainable pest management practice in their own gardening efforts, 82% had used the knowledge gained to advise others on sustainable plant care, and In a follow-up survey, Master Gardener volunteers were asked about the benefits of attending the Extension Master Gardener College. Of those responding, 86% reported improving their knowledge of climate change impacts on plants, 81% learned new gardening strategies for adapting to climate change, and 93% increased awareness of NC State Extension resources they can use in community outreach. Program 1.2 (50% Complete) Accomplishments: Six landscape and ornamental IPM pilot trainings have been held in person and virtually reaching 432 extension agents and green industry professionals. These precursor trainings are intended to gain information from landscape professionals on their willingness to integrate management of ornamental landscapes. Outcomes/Impacts: At this time, we do not have clear outcomes or impacts, however we have laid the framework through these early IPM pilots to measure progress and changes in knowledge to curate the mindset of "IPM for an Ecosystem". Program 1.3 (75% Complete) Accomplishments: The team met last March (2022) during a regional IPM training and determined several potential topics for future training videos; bollworm egg scouting threshold in cotton, scouting tarnished plant bug in cotton, maintaining soybean seed quality, scouting insects in cover crop mulch, weed suppression considerations in cover crops, disease management in cover crops, and soil moisture conservation in cover crops. To date, all 7 of these topics were successful converted into short vignettes and were posted on the NCSU Extension YouTube channel. In addition, three others were created on field planting exercises, management of tarnished plant bugs in cotton production, and pest management implications form early soybean plantings. Outcomes/Impacts: Outcomes and impacts of this program are currently being collected now that videos have been distributed. Program 1.4 (66% Complete) Accomplishments: Three Agent and Educator Virtual Teaching Resources have been created for the NC 4-H pollinator curriculum program. These include; The Busy World of Bees, Hive Helpers, and Winged Wonders. A Hatch Butterfly Program was created in 2022. 230 butterfly kits were shipped to classrooms across NC and reached over 4,600 Youth. Seven pollinator workshops were held reaching over 426 youth. Topics ranged from designing landscapes to enhance beneficials, Bringing 4-H to the classroom, Insect IPM Investigations, WildWeeds, as well as others. Outcomes/Impacts: Once completed, a 9-week class window will be available for extension agents to access the content. We will evaluate knowledge and attitude change in Extension agents and volunteers about pollinators and pollinator stewardship, including best management practices through pre-survey prior to the online training and again 6-8 weeks after course completion. Program 1.5 (50% Complete) Accomplishments: We have completed the train the trainer process and two new professionals have been certified for flying aerial vehicles, as well as analyzing and processing image analysis. Learning goals for the trainings will focus 1) Fly patterns for crop monitoring 2) Flying timing during- and off-growing season 3) Image collection methodologies (e.g., flying height, resolution, frequency, overlap) 4) Image processing and sharing 5) Diagnostics based on images 6) IPM recommendations and follow ups. Outcomes/Impacts: In the early part of 2024, we plan to conduct an impact assessment with extension agents and growers involved in the trainings. Program 2.1 (90% Complete) Accomplishments: Four additional disease diagnostic videos were posted to the NC State Extension YouTube channel in March 2023. A total of 8 short videos on tomato diseases has been created through this program and now available. The four videos posted in 2022 have been viewed 5,771 times. In summer 2022, in collaboration with area and county agents, we co-organized and held a field training for 20 agents in western North Carolina to visit multiple vegetable farms for hands-on training. Outcomes/Impacts: Of the 42 county or area agents in NC who responded to the survey, 100% of them documented that these videos would help them identify diseases of tomato in the field and allow them to help their growers. Program 2.2 (75% Complete) Accomplishments: Throughout the 2021 and 2022 field season we collected video clips of field work, herbicide application, wildlife impacts and invasive and native aquatic plants to be utilized in this educational series. Four of these videos were updated to YouTube in 2022 and to date have 4,580 views. An NC Department of Ag Regulated Aquatic Plant ID guide was created in 2022 and distributed to the NCDA & CS Plant Industry Division. Outcomes/Impacts: While at this point we do not have any outcomes or impacts, we plan to measure these impactions with a survey to determine usefulness and changes in knowledge in aquatic settings in Year 3. Program 2.3 (50% Complete) Accomplishments: Over the last year, we have spent considerable time conducting in-person needs assessment with managers and retail employee at local retail facilities that distribute pesticide products. Outcomes/Impacts: Almost all of the managers we surveyed (one excluded) stated that they would welcome pesticide product education. During our Year 3 trainings we will gauge changes in knowledge through pre/post training surveys. Program 2.4 (50% Complete) Accomplishments: Eleven Pollinator habitat, beneficial insect and IPM trainings were held reaching 945 participants. These events were placed across the state and participants ranged from county agricultural agents, growers, master gardeners, to youth. We have begun to collaborate with other pollinator experts in NC and started to develop plans for the new pollinator certificate program, which will be focused on plant interactions, classic mutualisms, and pollinator resource competition, rather than the more general "best plants for pollinators" or "pollinator gardening". Outcomes/Impacts Outcomes and impacts of this program will largely come once data is collected, vignettes produced, and outreach and trainings opportunities that will occur in year 3. Our main focus is to increase appreciation of pollinator issues and pollinator conservation strategies. 1. Total number of peer-reviewed publications: 8 2. Total number of non-peer-reviewed publications: 3 3. Total number of presentations: 43 4. Total number of people reached by your project during this reporting period: 13712
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Oreja FH, Hare AT, Jordan DL, Leon RG (2023) Previous crop and herbicide timing application effects on weed populations and yield. Crop, Forage, and Turfgrass Management Accepted
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Moore LD, Jennings KM, Monks DW, Boyette MD, Leon RG, Jordan DL, Ippolito SJ, Blankenship CD, Change P (2023) Evaluation of electrical and mechanical Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) management in cucumber, peanut, and sweetpotato. Weed Technology https://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2023.1
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Dobbs AM, Ginn D, Skovsen SK, Bagavathiannan MV, Mirsky SB, Reberg-Horton SC, Leon RG (2022) New directions in weed research and management using 3-D imaging. Weed Science 70:641-647 http://doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2022.56
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Wilson, C.J., Frank, S. D. (2023) Urban tree pests can support biological control services in landscape shrubs. Biocontrol. 10.1007/s10526-023-10192-8.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Wilson, C.J., Frank, S. D. (2022) Scale insects support natural enemies in both landscape trees and shrubs below them. Environmental Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvac081
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Marshall, S., Woofer, S. Driscoll, E. (2023) Insects Chapter: Beneficials and Pests Eco Tower: 4-H Ecological Explorations. North Carolina 4-H Curriculum. Raleigh, NC: NC Cooperative Extension (In Draft - expected publication 2023)
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Seth Carley, Danesha, J. Cook, S. Emerine. 2023. "Agricultural Issues with Climate Change: Case Studies with Soybean Pests Johnsongrass, kudzu bug, and charcoal rot. Journal of Integrated Pest Management. (submitted).
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Chen, Huajin; Seth Carley, Danesha; Mu�oz-Carpena, Rafael; Ferruzzi, Giulio; Yuan, Yongping; Henry, Eric; Blankinship, Amy; Breckels, Ross; Fox, Garey; Luo, Yuzhou; Veith, Tamie; Osmond, Deanna; Preisendanz, Heather; Tang, Jane; Armbrust, Kevin; Costello, Kevin; McConnell, Laura; Rice, Patricia; Westgate, John; Whiteside, Melanie. 2023. Incorporating the Benefits of Vegetative Filter Strips into Risk Assessment and Risk Management of Pesticides. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management. EAM-2022-374-WS (in press).
- Type:
Other
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Richardson, Robert. 2023. Biology and Integrated Management of Hydrilla. North Carolina State University Extension Publication. In review.
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Progress 09/01/21 to 08/31/22
Outputs
Target Audience:Stakeholder advisory council, pesticide safety education program educators (PSEP), NC State extension administrators, NC A&T faculty, NGOs, Federal Partners (i.e. EPA, USDA, etc.), growers, commodity growers, state extension specialists, State IPM faculty and staff, NC Department of Agriculture (NCDA) agronomists, certified crop consultants, private pesticide/chemical sales reps, landscaping professionals, nurseryman and greenhouse growers, landscape/lawncare managers, other SERA3 partners, extension master gardeners volunteers (EMGV's), beekeepers, and consumers/NC residents and homeowners. Changes/Problems:Funding reductions are always a challenge. Aside from this, COVID made in-preson meetings impossible, and as such, some programming is delayed. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Program 1.1 A Plants, Pests, and Pathogens webinar series has been launched for extension agents and master gardener volunteers. Four webinars have been held and recorded and will continue to be offered through October. Program 1.2 Three landscape and ornamental IPM pilot trainings have been held virtually. These precursor trainings were intended to gain information from landscape professionals on their willingness to integrate management of ornamental landscapes. Program 1.3 Six regional agent trainings (42 participants) were held across the state of NC focusing on soybean, grain, and cotton insect pests. Participants were mostly county agricultural agents with a few NCSU specialists and growers in attendance. Program 1.4 In Spring of 2022, 65 Extension Agents participated in-person pollinator education workshop. This content will be used for future 4-H pollinator curriculum. The courses will be a part of our NC State CALS Academy, a series of on-demand training supported by NC State Extension and will reach agents, volunteers, and the general public. Program 1.5 N/A Program 2.1 N/A Program 2.2 The aquatic plant management workshop was held in February of 2022 (A workshop started with previous EIP funding) for 80 attendees (18 extension agents). Content and video collected from this project was highlighted in the workshop. Program 2.3 N/A Program 2.4 N/A How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results have been disseminated through multiple platforms created in previous EIP grants. These include weekly pest news and information newsletters, immediate release through email (pest alerts) as well as on our social media platforms (Twitter and Facebook). The news, emails, and content is also posted to our (IPM portal), and our affiliated Extension Specialists spend a great deal of time traveling all over the state giving presentations and consulting with individual growers. In addition, the pandemic has forced us to transition into more web-based/asynchronous learning trainings to move EIP information across North Carolina. Followers of the pest news and alerts range from land grant specialists and members of IPM-related industries to members of the general public. Those who follow via email tend to be from land grant universities or government agencies, and those who follow via WordPress accounts tend to be from unknown backgrounds, although a few are from the landscape industry, garden centers, farms or the pest control industry. Through meetings with our Advisory Council, we continue to make strides to revise our communication plan and refined our audience. These audiences, which include mostly agricultural or horticultural professionals with an interest in IPM. We also target residents and homeowners in NC through our community focused programs with master gardeners, 4-H as well as community and school gardens. The EIP team has also created a quarterly EIP seminar in 2022, which will focus on highlighting and strengthening specific EIP programs. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Program 1.1 Finalize the EMGV College speakers and workshops as well as launch a marketing campaign and new website to promote the event. A survey will be created for the event to measure changes in participant IPM knowledge and confidence. We plan to continue the Plants, Pests, and Pathogens webinar series through October and begin planning for the 2023 iteration. The webinar will be modified in the future based on evaluation data and a future IPM needs assessments. Program 1.2 Data from the initial trainings, measured through the pre/post methods will be used to refine future workshops and educational materials and collect participants' current knowledge and recommendation on IPM topics generally and in relation to different fragments of landscape industry. We will continue developing a comprehensive IPM short course specifically designed for landscape professionals. The goal is to have the date finalized and speakers confirmed by April 2023. Program 1.3 Additional trainings will be held in the summer of 2022 and winter 2022/2023. Certain IPM elements and production topics during these training courses will be recorded. These short videos will then be used as part of a "IPM package" for county agents with responsibility in grain and cotton production. Program 1.4 Finish the course development of two additional pollinator curriculum 1.) Busy World of Bees (ages 5-7) and 2.) Winged Wonders (ages 5-8), each with 8 modules. This will include the creation of demonstration videos, animations and interactive activities. These course will then be released on-demand (asynchronous) and distributed to over 150 Extension personnel and volunteers. In addition, work will begin on the initial stages of the "Pollinator in our Garden" ID guide. This will include determining pollinator species to be used, IPM strategies when managing garden pests, and strategies to add pollinator habitat to their urban environment. Program 1.5 Between April and December 2022, extension agents will be recruited for trainings as well as the first two trainings will be conducted. Additionally, a round table discussion group will be held at the end of each training cycle to discuss concerns and recommendations from stakeholders and agents. In the early part of 2023, we hope to conduct an impact assessment with extension agents and growers involved in the trainings. Program 2.1 We will continue to work on completing the remaining videos. The topic will include three of the following diseases, depending on if we see the disease occurring in the field in 2022: bacterial wilt, early blight, Fusarium wilt, Tomato spotted wilt virus, and Verticillium wilt. Program 2.2 Begin process to create a simple storyboard for aquatic weed ecology and methods to monitor, map, and remotely sense aquatic plants. We will also begin to collect videos on each of these topics. We also plan to collect video for the aquatic weed identification portion. By April 2023, we plan to submit a draft of first extension article on Hydrilla for review. Once reviewed, we will send out a press release and post to the NC State Extension Publication collection as a "Biology and Integrated Management of Hydrilla". Program 2.3 Between now and next April, we will 1) develop the retailer needs assessment survey and, 2) utilize the information obtained to develop retailer training programs in late 2022 and early 2023. Program 2.4 We plan to collect data from the pollinator habitat demonstration which include; plant flowering times, numbers of pollinator visits for each plant species, and the types of pollinators to visit these plants. This information will be used in field days and short vignettes highlighting pollinator awareness and conservation.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Program 1: Develop and employ Extension Agent Trainings/In-Services to help agents to be effective communicators of IPM tactics, to build confidence in their knowledge of IPM strategies, and to foster high levels of trust and credibility in their local communities in Agronomic crops, Specialty crops, Communities, and Aquatic environments; Program 1.1 (20% Complete) Accomplishments: A Plants, Pests, and Pathogens webinar series has been launched. The 2022 webinar series will be offered each month, February through October. The completed February and March webinars reached 24 extension agents and 429 extension master gardener volunteers. The plant toolbox has 5,204,175 unique page views since August 2021 and work has been completed by 30 volunteers representing 24 NC counties. These volunteers have logged 1,279 hours, for an approximate value of $36,500. 483 new videos were uploaded to plant profiles within the toolbox. The Extension Master Gardener College has finalized dates for October 27-29, 2022 on NC State's Centennial Campus. Outcomes/Impacts: While outcomes and impacts have not yet been reached, we have made progress towards increasing knowledge and adoption of IPM strategies through online webinar training. These short term outcomes, will allow for additional opportunities later for county agents and master gardeners to share and teach IPM strategies. Program 1.2 (15% Complete) Accomplishments: Three landscape and ornamental IPM pilot trainings have been held virtually reaching 215 extension agents and green industry professionals. These precursor trainings are intended to gain information from landscape professionals on their willingness to integrate management of ornamental landscapes. Outcomes/Impacts: At this time, we do not have clear outcomes or impacts, however we have laid the framework through these pilot trainings to measure progress and changes in knowledge through future IPM trainings and courses. Program 1.3 (5% Complete) Accomplishments: Six agent training (42 participants) were held focusing on soybean, grain, and cotton insect pests. The team determined several potential IPM-related topics for future training videos; bollworm egg scouting threshold in cotton, scouting tarnished plant bug in cotton, scouting insects in cover crop mulch, weed suppression considerations in cover crops as well as others. Outcomes/Impacts: Outcomes and impacts of this program will largely come once trainings and videos have been distributed. Through an increase in broad-scale changes in management strategies, we can increase economic and environmental sustainability and reduce negative impacts on human health brought on by potential pesticide exposure. Program 1.4 (20% Complete) Accomplishments: In Spring of 2022, 65 Extension Agents participated in-person pollinator education workshop. Four Moodle course frameworks have been created for each of the four 4-H pollinator curriculum. The courses will be a part of our NC State CALS Academy, a series of on-demand training supported by NC State Extension and will reach agents, volunteers, and the general public. Outcomes/Impacts: The on-demand training is currently being developed and opportunities to train agents will occur in year 2 and 3. The evaluation will explore change in knowledge and attitude in Extension agents and volunteers as it related to pollinators, pollinator stewardship, and best management practices. Program 1.5 (5% Complete) Accomplishments: We have identified the equipment (drones, tables, and software) that will be used for the project and the trainings. Learning goals for the trainings will focus on six main activities that will help extension agents to identify and generate IPM strategies based on precision management: 1) Fly patterns for crop monitoring 2) Flying timing during- and off-growing season 3) Image collection methodologies (e.g., flying height, resolution, frequency, overlap) 4) Image processing and sharing 5) Diagnostics based on images 6) IPM recommendations and follow ups. Outcomes/Impacts: As a result of the training and round table, Extension agents should have a greater understanding on how using UAV and technology based programs can help growers reduce pesticide applications. Program 2 Deliver IPM Information to variety of stakeholders in North Carolina and the Southern Region through multiple means and activities. NC Extension agents, community members, and other NC stakeholders will become more knowledgeable about IPM and develop skill sets to be able to implement sound IPM practices. Program 2.1 (50% Complete) Accomplishments: Four disease videos have been developed on late blight, gray leaf spot, bacterial spot, and Septoria leaf spot of tomato. Videos include symptoms, how to differentiate each disease, additional tools to use to help with diagnoses (e.g., stereoscopes that are accessible to county agents), and management of the disease. From March-April 2022, the videos have 344 views. Outcomes/Impacts: Thirty-eight county agents responded to the feedback survey after watching the videos. Thirty-seven of thirty-eight (97%) agents reported that BEFORE watching the videos they were not at all or only somewhat confident in diagnosing SOME of these diseases, but AFTER watching the videos they were "somewhat" confident (21/37 [57%]) or "very confident" (16/37 [43%]) in diagnosing all of the diseases. Program 2.2 (15% Complete) Accomplishments: Throughout the field season we collected video clips of field work, herbicide application, wildlife impacts and invasive and native aquatic plants to be utilized in this educational series. Four of these videos were updated to YouTube and to date have 1,413 views These were also shared at our virtual aquatic plant management workshop in February of 2022 (A workshop started with previous EIP funding) for 80 attendees (18 extension agents) We have also begun work on the first of two peer-reviewed extension publications. A literature review on the "Biology and Integrated Management of Hydrilla" has been completed. Outcomes/Impacts: While at this point we do not have any outcomes or impacts, we are hopeful that our videos and outreach materials provide an easily accessible learning experience for people wanting to learn more about invasive aquatic plant identification, impacts to the environment and integrated management strategies. Program 2.3 (5% Complete) Accomplishments: We have hired a technician to assist with the project, as well as conducted introductory meetings with NC Evaluation and Accountability Coordinator to understand the best methods for conducting educational needs assessments. Outcomes/Impacts: The needs assessment will reveal needs of retailers at "big box" stores in the state in terms of pesticide education and product knowledge. Ideally, employees will encourage consumers to engage in IPM and use multiple approaches for pest management to reduce pesticide input in urban environments. Program 2.4 (10% Complete) Accomplishments: The pollinator habitat demonstration and training area was established during 2021. The area was seeded with several different wildflower/pollinator mixes commonly available to NC residents. We have begun to collaborate with other pollinator experts in NC and started to develop plans for the new pollinator certificate program, which will be focused on plant interactions, classic mutualisms, and pollinator resource competition, rather than the more general "best plants for pollinators" or "pollinator gardening". Outcomes/Impacts Outcomes and impacts of this program will largely come once data is collected, vignettes produced, and outreach and trainings opportunities. Our main focus is to increase appreciation of pollinator issues and pollinator conservation strategies. 1. Total number of peer-reviewed publications: 6 2. Total number of non-peer-reviewed publications: 0 3. Total number of presentations: 43 4. Total number of people reached during this reporting period: 7089
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Tiwari R, Reinhardt Piskackova TA, Devkota P, Mulvaney MJ, Ferrell JA, Leon RG (2021) Growing winter Brassica carinata as part of a diversified crop rotation for integrated weed management. Global Change Biology - Bioenergy 13:425-435 doi: 10.111/gcbb.12799 Raleigh, NC.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Tiwari R, Devkota P, Mulvaney MJ, Ferrell JA, Leon RG (2021) Winter Brassica carinata production as part of a diversified crop rotation for integrated weed management. Proc South Weed Sci Soc 74:51
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Seth Carley, D., L. A. Gragg, M. J. Taggart, T. W. Rufty. 2021 Estimation of water stress tolerance of six woody plant species. Horticulture International Journal. 5(2): 64-72.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Camacho ME, Gannon TW, Ahmed KA, Mulvaney MJ, Heitman JL, Amoozegar A, Leon RG (2022) Evaluation of imazapic and flumioxazin carryover risk for Brassica carinata establishment. Weed Science Accepted
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Camacho ME, Mulvaney MJ, Post A, Amoozegar A, Gannon TW, Heitman JL, Leon RG (2021) Evaluation of imazapic and flumioxazin carryover risk for Brassica carinata establishment. ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings. Salt Lake City, Utah. November 8-11th, 2021
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Moore LD, Jennings KM, Monks DW, Jordan DL, Boyette MD, Leon RG, Mahoney J, Everman WJ, Cahoon CW. 2021. Susceptibility of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) accessions in North Carolina to atrazine, dicamba, S-metolachlor, and 2,4-D. Crop, Forage, and Turfgrass Management e20136 https://doi.org/10.1002/cft2.20136
- Type:
Books
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Seth Carley, D., Community Gardening for the South: Building Community from the Ground Up by Danesha Seth Carley. UNC Press, Chapel Hill, NC (proposal accepted April, 2021)
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Backe, K. , Rousselet, J., Bernard, A., Frank, S.D., and Roques, A. (2021). Human health risks of invasive caterpillars increase with urban warming. Landscape Ecology, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-021-01214-w.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Frank, S.D., Nagle, A.M. 2021. Impact of Selected Insecticides Against Brown Soft Scales Infesting Macho Ferns, 2021, Arthropod Management Tests, Volume 46, Issue 1, tsab105, https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab105.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Frank, S.D., Nagle, A.M. 2021. Impact of Selected Insecticides Against European Pepper Moth Larvae Infesting Poinsettia, 2021, Arthropod Management Tests, Volume 46, Issue 1, 2021, tsab104, https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab104
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