Progress 07/01/22 to 06/30/23
Outputs Target Audience:The primary target audience is research scientists and graduate/undergraduate students in reproductive biology, beef/dairy extension specialists, large animal veterinarians and eventually beef/dairy producers. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Anika Shelrud completed her Master's Thesis in December 2022 and received the Dean's Citation for her work. Two current Master candidates (Tyra Goodluck and Amanda Hibbard) are working on the project and findings were presented at the 56th annual SSR meeting in Ottawa, Ontario. Elevenundergraduate students have assisted with collection of field data and bench laboratory analysis. Students presented their findings at local and regional scientific meetings. These experiences provide students with unique opportunities that prepare them for a career in reproductive biology. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Preliminary findings have been presented at local, regional, and international scientific meetings. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We anticipate collecting data on an additional twenty animals during the next reporting period. This will increase sample size and allow us to test the main effects of supplementation and time of ovariectomy on response variables. We will begin conducting RT-qPCR and western blotting analysis to determine expression of genes that are involved with regulated cell death pathways (apoptosis and necroptosis) in luteal tissue collected from cows that retained a functional or regressed CL following PGF2a infusions.
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
Studies are ongoing and we have collected data on 50 animals. Regardless of dietary supplementation (corn gluten meal vs fish meal), all cows (100%) that receivedintrauterine infusion of saline retained a functional CL at the time of ovariectomy. However, dietary supplementation affected percentage of cows retaining a functional CL following intrauterine infusion of PGF2a (P <0.05). Seventy-eight percent of the cows receiving fish meal supplementation retained a functional CL following PGF2a infusion, while only 50% retained functional CL following PGF in corn gluten meal supplemented animals - a 50% increase in retained functional CL for the fish meal supplemented group. We have analyzed two key genes that regulate progesterone biosynthesis (STARD1 and CYP11A). Steady-state mRNA expression for STARD1 decreased in luteal tissue collected from cows that received PGF2a at the time of ovariectomy as compared to cows administered saline (P < 0.05). Numerically, steady-state mRNA levels for STARD1 were greater in luteal tissue collected from cows with a functional CL that received PGF2a as compared to tissue collected from cows that had a regressed CL but did not differ statistically. StAR protein did not differ between saline treated cows and cows that retained a functional CL following PGF2a infusions but was decreased in tissue collected from cows that had a regressed CL (P<0.05). Steady-state mRNA expression for CYP11A1 did not differ between saline treated cows and those cows that retained a functional CL following PGF2a infusions but was decreased in tissue collected from cows that had a regressed CL (P < 0.05). However, P450scc protein did not differ among treatment groups. It appears that cows that retain a functional CL following PGF2a infusions maintain StAR protein to support progesterone production. Supplementation does not appear to affect expression of these genes following PGF2a infusions. Clearly, there is a greater proportion of cows that retain a functional CL following PGF2a infusions, but the mechanism remains elusive.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Mario Cavazos, Patrick Burns, James Haughian, Anika Shelrud, Jason Bruemmer. 2023. Is progesterone output by the corpus luteum affected by omega 3 fatty acids? Rocky Mountain Reproductive Sciences Symposium. May 2023, Fort Collins, CO.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Tyra Goodluck, Patrick Burns, James Haughian Anika Shelrud, Jason Bruemmer. 2023. Plasma from fish meal supplemented cows improves mitochondria morphology, but not during acute hypoxia. Rocky Mountain Reproductive Sciences Symposium. May 2023, Fort Collins, CO.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Amanda Hibbard, Risa Canton, Anika Shelrud, Tyra Goodluck, Mario Cavazos, Patrick Burns, James Haughian, Jason Bruemmer. 2023. Mechanisms of luteal protection with fish meal supplementation in bovine. Rocky Mountain Reproductive Sciences Symposium. May 2023, Fort Collins, CO.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Amanda Hibbard, Tyra Goodluck, Mario Cavazos, Anika Shelrud, Patrick Burns, James Haughian, Jason Bruemmer. 2023. Luteal protective mechanisms of fish meal supplementation in bovine. Society for the Study of Reproduction. July 2023, Ottawa, Ontario.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Tyra Goodluck, Patrick D. Burns, Anika Shelrud. 2023. Does plasma from fish meal supplemented cows protect luteal cells undergoing acute hypoxia? Society for the Study of Reproduction. July 2023, Ottawa, Ontario.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Patrick Burns. 2023. Omega-3 fatty acids as a nutraceutical for improving corpus luteum function. Regis University. February 2023, Denver, CO.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Anika Shelrud Mechanisms Behind the Luteoprotective Effects of Fish Meal
Supplementation in Bovine: Cytokine Sensitivity and Luteal Blood Supplementation in Bovine: Cytokine Sensitivity and Luteal Blood
FlowFlow
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Progress 07/01/21 to 06/30/22
Outputs Target Audience:The primary target audience is research scientists and graduate/undergraduate students in reproductive biology, beef/dairy extension specialists, large animal veterinarians and eventually beef/dairy producers. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?One M.S. student (Anika Shelrud) is currently working on the project, and she presented preliminary outcomes at the 55th annual SSR meeting in Spokane, WA. Thirteen undergraduate students have assisted with collection of field data and bench laboratory analysis. Students presented their findings at local and regional scientific meetings. One group of students received 1st place honors for their poster presentation at the University of Northern Colorado Academic Excellence Week. This experience provides students with unique opportunities that prepares them for a career in reproductive biology. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Preliminary findings have been presented at local, regional, and international scientific meetings. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We anticipate collecting data on an additional twenty animals during the next reporting period. This will increase sample size and allow us to test the main effects of supplementation and time of ovariectomy on response variables. We will begin conducting western blotting analysis to determine abundance of proteins in luteal tissue collected from cows that retained a functional or regressed CL following PGF treatment.
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
Studies are ongoing and we have collected data on 37 animals. All control cows (100%) receiving saline infusions retained a functional CL at the time of ovariectomy. Cows receiving fish meal supplementation and intrauterine PGF infusion retained a functional CL 64% of the time, while only 44% retained functional CL following PGF in corn gluten meal supplemented animals - a 48% relative increase in retained functional CL for the fish meal supplemented group. Analysis is ongoing for effects of supplementation (corn gluten meal vs. fish meal) or time of ovariectomy (30 vs. 48 h) on other proposed response variables: serum progesterone, luteal mass, steady-state mRNA, or luteal blood flow. Results of these analyses will continue as we work to reach sample sizes with sufficient statistical power. Though as indicated above, we have looked preliminarily at differences in CL function between saline vs. PGF infusion, and fish meal vs. corn gluten meal diets at the time of ovariectomy and see trends toward improvements with fish meal supplementation. Serum progesterone was greater than 1 ng/mL for control cows treated with saline throughout the experimental period. Likewise, serum progesterone remained greater than 1 ng/mL in cows that retained a functional CL following two intrauterine doses of PGF. In this group, progesterone declined initially, but later rebounded between 24 to 30 hours of the study. In cows that had a regressed CL at the time of ovariectomy, progesterone had declined below 1 ng/mL (the threshold defining luteal regression) within 12 to 24 hours following PGF administration. There were minimal changes in luteal diameter (mm) and mass (g) for cows treated with saline or cows administered PGF that retained a functional CL at the time of ovariectomy. Both the CL diameter and mass were decreased in cows treated with PGF that had a regressed CL. Luteal steady-state mRNA expression for key genes that regulate progesterone biosynthesis (STARD1, CPY11A and LDLR) was decreased in tissue for cows that received PGF at the time of ovariectomy as compared to control cows given saline. Numerically, steady-state mRNA levels for these genes was greater in luteal tissues collected from cows with a functional CL that received PGF as compared to tissue collected from cows that had a regressed CL, but did not differ statistically. Thus, there appears to be no apparent rebound in gene expression for key genes that regulate progesterone biosynthesis in tissue collected from cows administered PGF that retain a functional CL. Luteal blood flow measured by color Doppler ultrasonography appears to be greater for cows supplemented with fish meal prior to infusion of either saline or PGF. We are in the process of analyzing luteal blood flow across the treatment groups. A preliminary proteomic analysis has been conducted on luteal tissue collected from saline treated cows to determine if dietary supplementation influences protein abundance. Eight proteins were differentially expressed using a false discovery rate of P < 0.05. GO terms revealed these proteins are associated with metabolism and protein translation.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Anika Shelrud, Winford Rule, Mario Cavazos James Haughian, Jason Bruemmer, Patrick Burns. 2002. Effect of Dietary Fish Meal Supplementation on Bovine Corpus Luteum Blood Flow and Serum Progesterone. Society for Study of Reproduction. July 2022, Spokane, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Winford Rule, Aubrey Chacon, Mario Cavazos, Jason Bruemmer, James Haughian, Anika Shelrud, Patrick Burns. 2022. Effect of Fish Meal Supplementation on Bovine Corpus Luteum Blood Flow and Serum Progesterone. Rocky Mountain Reproductive Sciences Symposium. April 2022, Fort Collins, CO.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Alexander Mazza, Madeline Sanders, Amanda Hibbard, Jason Bruemmer, James Haughian, Anika Shelrud, Patrick Burns. 2002. The Effects of Fish Meal Supplementation on Bovine Corpus Luteum Function. Rocky Mountain Reproductive Sciences Symposium. April 2022, Fort Collins, CO.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Ethan Shepherd, Madison Gremillion, Samantha Marez, Jason Bruemmer, James Haughian, Anika Shelrud, Patrick Burns. 2002. The Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Steroidogenic Gene Expression on the Bovine Corpus Luteum Following Prostaglandin Infusion. Rocky Mountain Reproductive Sciences Symposium. April 2022, Fort Collins, CO.
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