Progress 09/15/20 to 09/14/23
Outputs
Target Audience:This grant was for the purchase of a Conviron BDW160 Plant Growth Chamber. The equipment was procured and installed in March 2022. The target audience for the projects conducted using this equipment is described below. Students and scholars Research results were included in the curricula of five courses: PES 8010 Crop Physiology and Nutrition, PES 4220/6220 Major World Crops, PES 3350 Agricultural Biotechnology, PES 4960 Creative Inquiry in Crop Science, and PES 4210/6210 Principles of Field Crop Production, those were taught by Dr. Sruthi Narayanan and of another course Hort 4000/8120 Plant Physiology in Controlled Environment Agriculture that was taught by Dr. Byoung Ryong Jeong. The equipment itself was used for conducting experiments as part of many of the above courses. Additionally, the growth chamber and the undergoing project in it were demonstrated in the above courses. 27 undergraduate interns, 18 graduate students, 16 high school students, 4 post-docs, 1 technician, and 3 visiting scientistswere trained on the projects conducted using the growth chamber. Scientific community Research results were presented within the university and in professional meetings, which hosted scientists, students, farmers, and stakeholders. Farmers Results were disseminated to farmers through field days and through personal communication as Dr. Narayanan works closely with farmers. Narayanan also disseminated the results to the farmer-led state and national commodity (cotton, peanut, and soybean) boards. Over 15 producers were immediate beneficiaries during the project period. Extension agents and educators Clemson Extension agents work with Dr. Narayanan as collaborators on many of her projects. Results were communicated with them, and we anticipate that they will share the information with other extension agents, educators, and farmers. Changes/Problems:In the original proposal, we anticipated the delivery and installation of the equipment (Conviron BDW160 Plant Growth Chamber) by Oct-Nov 2021. However, due to supply chain issues resulted by COVID 19, the equipment was delivered and installed only by March 2022. This delayed the projects. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?27 undergraduate interns, 18 graduate students, 16 high school students, 4 post-docs, 1 technician, and 3 visiting scientistswere trained on the projects conducted using the growth chamber. They allpresented their research at professional conferences, producer meetings, and at Clemson University. The utilization of the growth cabinet has provided distinctive opportunities to design and conduct experiments under precisely controlled environmental conditions. Moreover, it has served as a valuable tool for training graduate, undergraduate, and high school students in the planning and execution of genetic and physiological experiments involving diverse plant species, all while mitigating the influence of confounding environmental factors. This controlled environment setting not only enhances the accuracy and reproducibility of our experiments but also fosters a conducive learning environment for students across different educational levels. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results were disseminated to the following communities: Students and scholars Research results were included in the curricula of five courses: PES 8010 Crop Physiology and Nutrition, PES 4220/6220 Major World Crops, PES 3350 Agricultural Biotechnology, PES 4960 Creative Inquiry in Crop Science, and PES 4210/6210 Principles of Field Crop Production, those were taught by Dr. Sruthi Narayanan and of another course Hort 4000/8120 Plant Physiology in Controlled Environment Agriculture that was taught by Dr. Byoung Ryong Jeong. The equipment itself was used for conducting experiments as part of many of the above courses. Additionally, the growth chamber and the undergoing project in it were demonstrated in the above courses. 27 undergraduate interns, 18 graduate students, 16 high school students, 4 post-docs, 1 technician, and 3 visiting scientistswere trained on the projects conducted using the growth chamber. Scientific community Research results were presented within the university and atprofessional meetings, which hosted scientists, students, farmers, and stakeholders. Farmers Results were disseminated to farmers through field days and through personal communication as Dr. Narayanan works closely with farmers. Narayanan also disseminated the results to the farmer-led state and national commodity (cotton, peanut, and soybean) boards. Over 15 producers were immediate beneficiaries during the project period. Extension agents and educators Clemson Extension agents work with Dr. Narayanan as collaborators on many of her projects. Results were communicated with them, and we anticipate that they will share the information with other extension agents, educators, and farmers. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
This grant was for the purchase of a Conviron BDW160 Plant Growth Chamber. The equipment was procured and installed in March 2022. Accomplishments based on the experiments conducted in the growth chamber from April 2022 to December 2023 are given below. Goal-i: Develop climate-resilient, nutritionally enhanced, locally adapted crop cultivars to contribute to food, feed, fiber, and bio-energy security at the regional and national levels. Objective-1:Develop molecular markers associated with lipid metabolic changes contributing to heat tolerance in soybean and peanut Accomplishments: We investigated a subset of a peanut recombinant inbred line population in the growth chamber and demonstrated that the membrane lipid remodeling occurring under heat stress (HT) is consistent with homeoviscous adaptation to maintain membrane fluidity. A major alteration in the leaf lipidome under HT was the reduction in the unsaturation levels, primarily through reductions of 18:3 fatty acid chains, of the plastidic and extra-plastidic diacyl membrane lipids. In contrast, levels of 18:3-containing triacylglycerols (TGs) increased at HT, consistent with a role for TGs in sequestering fatty acids when membrane lipids undergo remodeling during plant stress. Polyunsaturated acyl chains from membrane diacyl lipids were also sequestered as sterol esters (SEs). The removal of 18:3 chains from the membrane lipids decreased the availability of susceptible molecules for oxidation, thereby minimizing oxidative damage in membranes. Our results suggest that transferring 18:3 chains from membrane diacyl lipids to TGs and SEs is a key feature of lipid remodeling for HT adaptation in peanut. Finally, QTL-seq allowed the identification of a genomic region associated with heat-adaptive lipid remodeling, which would be useful for identifying molecular markers for heat tolerance. Objective-2:Develop nutritionally enhanced crops: Hypoallergenic and high oleic peanuts and reduced immunogenicity wheat Hypoallergenic peanuts. The screening of US and ICRISAT mini-core collections, along with a South Asian collection of peanut lines, resulted in the identification of genotypes exhibiting reduced levels of one or more major immunogenic proteins: Ara h1, Ara h2, Ara h3, and Ara h6. Some genotypes were found to lack more than one of these significant immunogenic proteins. Moreover, we exposed a subset of 72 peanut genotypes from the US mini-core collection to heat stress and examined its impact on pollen viability. Using pollen viability as an indicator of heat stress tolerance, we identified genotypes that demonstrated significantly superior or inferior performance compared to the reference variety 'Georgia Green.' The gathered data were utilized for genetic mapping, enabling the identification of molecular markers associated with pollen viability on peanut chromosome 20. Reduced immunogenicity wheat. We obtained wheat mutant lines featuring diminished alpha/beta gliadins (Gli-A2/Gli-D2 null) in an Italian winter wheat cultivar 'Pegaso' background, an omega gliadin null line in a Polish winter wheat cv. 'Wasko' background, and a line with reduced gamma gliadin in a British spring wheat variety 'Paragon' background. The winter wheat genotypes underwent vernalization in the growth cabinet and are currently undergoing genetic crossing in various combinations to stack their protein phenotypes within a single genetic background. The ultimate goal is to create a wheat line with reduced immunogenicity for individuals with celiac disease. Notably, none of these wheat genotypes are adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of South Carolina, and their flowering dates do not coincide, making them unsuitable for genetic crosses. However, the controlled conditions provided by the growth chambers were instrumental in facilitating this process and making the desired progression of the project. Objective-3:Rediscover soybean genetic and genomic resources for developing new varieties Accomplishments: New soybean germplasm is now growing in the growth chamber. Once the plants reach the flowering stage, we will start phenotypic and genomic investigations. Objective-4:Develop a multiscale, multiphysics modeling framework for maize genome-to phenome mapping via intermediate phenotypes Accomplishments: Nothing to report for the past <2 years (the time after the installation of the growth chamber). This study is yet to start in the growth chamber. Objective-5:Evaluate the feasibility of turning perennial cotton into an annual as a strategy to increase cotton yield by remobilization of reserves Characterization of the Upland cotton mini-core collection: We analyzed the expression patterns of five cotton floral-induction and meristem-identity genes (FT, LFY, AP1, SOC1, and FUL) within the mini-core collection. These genes, previously associated with determining plant growth habit, were systematically studied. Dissection of the genetics of floral-induction and meristem-identity genes: We delved into the complex genetics of the cotton FT, LFY, AP1, SOC1, and FUL expression traits, identifying molecular markers associated with these traits and candidate genes responsible for expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs). Identification of genotypes with high-expression alleles: Eight cotton genotypes were identified, each harboring high-expression alleles of more than one floral-induction and meristem-identity gene. Stacking of high-expression alleles: Through genetic crossing involving 561 crosses in 30 combinations, we successfully stacked high-expression alleles of different floral-induction and meristem-identity genes. Development of DNA markers: We developed eight expression trait-associated DNA markers, facilitating the breeding process for these molecular traits. Identification of advanced cotton lines: Advanced cotton lines resulting from the genetic crosses exhibited reduced to no regrowth after defoliation, clustered flowering, improved yield, and desirable fiber quality. The growth cabinet plays a crucial role in supporting this research by enabling the advancement of selected cotton lines to subsequent generations and increasing their seed quantities for field propagation. Goal-ii to v: Accomplishments: Nothing to report for the past <2 years (the time after the installation of the growth chamber). These studies are yet to start in the growth chamber. Goal-vi: Integrate research enabled by BDW160 with instructional activities at Clemson University and Spartanburg Community College. Objective-1:Enhance teaching effectiveness in existing Clemson courses offered to graduate, undergraduate, and high school students ?Accomplishments: Research results were included in the curricula of 6 courses: PES 8010 Crop Physiology and Nutrition, PES 4220/6220 Major World Crops, PES 3350 Agricultural Biotechnology, PES 4960 Creative Inquiry in Crop Science, PES 4210/6210 Principles of Field Crop Production, and Hon 1800 Research Experience for High School Students, those were taught by Dr. Sruthi Narayanan and of another course Hort 4000/8120 Plant Physiology in Controlled Environment Agriculture that was taught by Dr. Byoung Ryong Jeong. The equipment itself was used for conducting experiments as part of many of the above courses. Additionally, the growth chamber and the undergoing project in it were demonstrated in the above courses. 25 undergraduate interns, 11 graduate students, 5 high school students, and 2 post-docs were trained on the projects conducted using the growth chamber.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Spivey W.W., Rustgi S., Welti R., Roth M.R., Burrow M.D., Bridges W.C., and Narayanan S. 2023. Heat stress mediated lipid homeostasis modulation in peanut leaves. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meetings, Oct 29 - Nov 1, St. Louis, MO.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Spivey W.W., Burrow M.D., Rustgi S., Bridges W.C., and Narayanan S. 2022. Characterization of a peanut breeding population for heat tolerance. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meetings, Nov 6-9, Baltimore, MD.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Spivey W.W., Burrow M.D., Roth M.R., Welti R., Rustgi S., Bridges W.C., and Narayanan S. Leaf Lipid Remodeling for developing heat tolerant peanuts. National Association of Plant Bredeers Annual Conference, July 16-19, 2023 Greenville, SC.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Spivey W.W., Rustgi R., Welti R., Roth M.R., Burow M.D., Bridges Jr. W.C., Narayanan S*. 2023. Lipid Modulation contributes to heat stress adaptation in peanut. Frontiers in Plant Science. 14, 1299371.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Heat stress-induced lipid alterations in peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Spivey W.W. Master's Thesis. Aug 2023.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Rustgi S (2023) Plant cytogenetics blurring disciplinary boundaries to sustain global food security. Nucleus 66:239-243.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Jan S, Rustgi S, Barmukh R, Shikari AB, Leske B, Bekuma A, Sharma D, Ma W, Kumar U, Kumar U, Bohra A, Varshney RK, Mir RR (2023) Advances and opportunities in unraveling cold-tolerance mechanisms in the worlds primary staple food crops. The Plant Genome 2023:e20402.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Rustgi S, Naveed N, Windham J, Zhang H, Demirer GS (2022) Plant Biomacromolecule Delivery Methods in the 21st Century. Frontiers in Genome Editing 4:1011934.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Mir RR, Rustgi S, Zhang Y-M, Xu C (2022) Multi-faceted approaches for breeding nutrient-dense, disease resistant, and climate resilient crop varieties for food and nutritional security. Heredity 128:387390.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Rustgi S, Alam T, Jones ZT, Brar AK, Kashyap S (2022) Reduced-immunogenicity wheat and peanut lines for people with foodborne disorders. Chemistry Proceedings 10:67.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Meher PK, Gupta A, Rustgi S, Mir RR, Kumar A, Balyan HS, Gupta PK (2023) Evaluation of eight Bayesian genomic prediction models for three micro-nutrient traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The Plant Genome e20332.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Zhao A, Cui Chao, Li F, Li C, Naveed S, Dong J, Gao X, Rustgi S, Wen S, Yang M (2022) Heterologous expression of the TaPI-PLC1-2B gene enhanced drought and salt tolerance in transgenic rice seedlings. Heredity 129:336345.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Meher PK, Sahu TK, Gupta A, Kumar A, Rustgi S (2022) ASRpro: A machine learning-computational model for identifying proteins associated with multiple abiotic stress in plants. The Plant Genome 2022:e20259.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Miao Y, Cong W, Yan Y, Kang Y, Yu L, Zhao W, He B, Rustgi S, Liu B, Ou X (2022) Genotypic differences in physiological response to heavy metal stress in rice are correlated with distinct alterations in DNA methylation. Chemosphere 292:133462.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Li F, Zhao A, Cui C, Dong J, Gao X, Rustgi S, Yang M (2022) Progress in genetic studies of traits related to the nutritional value of wheat. Advances in Agronomy 176:35-113 https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.agron.2022.07.002.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Meher PK, Rustgi S, Kumar A (2022) Performance of Bayesian and BLUP alphabets for genomic prediction: Analysis, comparison and results. Heredity 128:519530.
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Progress 09/15/21 to 09/14/22
Outputs
Target Audience:This grant was for the purchase of a Conviron BDW160 Plant Growth Chamber. The equipment was procured and installed in March 2022. The target audience for the projects conducted using this equipment in the previous reporting period is described below. Students Research results were included in the curricula of two courses (PES 4220/6220 Major World Crops and PES 3350 Agricultural Biotechnology) that was taught by Dr. Narayanan. The growth chamber and the undergoing project in it were demonstrated in these courses as well. Six undergraduate interns, six graduate students, two high school students, and a post-doc were trained on the projects conducted using the growth chamber. Scientific community Research results were presented within the university and in professional meetings, which hosted scientists, students, farmers, and stakeholders. Farmers Results were disseminated to farmers through field days and through personal communication as Dr. Narayanan works closely with farmers. Narayanan also disseminated the results to the farmer-led state and national commodity (soybean and peanut) boards. Extension agents and educators The Anderson County (SC) extension agented work with Dr. Narayanan as a collaborator on many of her projects. Results were communicated with him, and we anticipate that he will share the information with other extension agents, educators, and farmers. Changes/Problems:In the original proposal, we anticipated the delivery and installation of the equipment (Conviron BDW160 Plant Growth Chamber) by Oct-Nov 2021. However, due to supply chain issues resulted by COVID 19, the equipment was delivered and installed only by March 2022. This delayed the projects a little bit, but we are speeding up everything to make up the time. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Six undergraduate interns, six graduate students, and two high school students were trained on this project. They all presented their research at Clemson University. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results were disseminated to the following communities: Students Research results were included in the curricula of two courses (PES 4220/6220 Major World Crops and PES 3350 Agricultural Biotechnology) that was taught by Dr. Narayanan. The growth chamber and the undergoing project in it were demosnstrated in these courses as well. Six undergraduate interns, six graduate students, two high school students, and a post-doc were trained on the projects conducted using the growth chamber. Scientific community Research results were presented within the university and atprofessional meetings, which hosted scientists, students, farmers, and stakeholders. Farmers Results were disseminated to farmers through field days and through personal communication as Dr. Narayanan works closely with farmers. Narayanan also dissiminated the results to the farmer-led state and national commodity (sotybean and peanut) boards. Extension agents and educators Anderson County (SC) extension agent worked with Dr. Narayanan as a collaborator on many of her projects. Results were communicated with him, and we anticipate that he will share the information with other extension agents, educators, and farmers. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? The growth chamber is reserved for multiple research projects throughout the coming year. Thus, we will conduct those research projects as outlined in the original proposal. We will continue using the growth chamber for educational and training purposes and outreach to farmers and stakeholders. We will continue submitting grant proposals to federal and regional agencies demsonstrating this equipment.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
This grant was for the purchase of Conviron BDW160 Plant Growth Chamber. The equipment was procured and installed by March 2022. Accomplishments in the reporting period under the proposed research areas are given below: Research area-i: Develop climate-resilient, nutritionally enhanced, locally adapted crop cultivars to contribute to food, feed, fiber, and bio-energy security at the regional and national levels. Objective-1: Develop molecular markers associated with lipid metabolic changes contributing to heat tolerance in soybean and peanut- Project started Objective-2: Develop nutritionally enhanced crops: Hypoallergenic and high oleic peanuts and reduced immunogenicity wheat - Project started Objective-3: Rediscover soybean genetic and genomic resources for developing new varieties Project started Objective-4: Develop a multiscale, multiphysics modeling framework for maize genome-to phenome mapping via intermediate phenotypes Objective-5: Evaluate the feasibility of turning perennial cotton into an annual as a strategy to increase cotton yield by remobilization of reserves -Project started Educational area-i: Integrate research enabled by BDW160 with instructional activities at Clemson University and Spartanburg Community College. Objective-1: Enhance teaching effectiveness in existing Clemson courses offered to graduate, undergraduate, and high school students - Accomplished in the first year through new curriculum materials and training; will continue in the coming years.
Publications
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