Source: TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY submitted to NRP
ADVANCING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PRECISION TURFGRASS MANAGEMENT ACROSS THE TURFGRASS INDUSTRY
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
ACTIVE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1024029
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Aug 7, 2020
Project End Date
Aug 5, 2025
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY
750 AGRONOMY RD STE 2701
COLLEGE STATION,TX 77843-0001
Performing Department
Soil & Crop Sciences
Non Technical Summary
Precision turfgrass management (PTM) is a relatively new, data-driven strategy for site-specific management of inputs and cultural operations only where, when, and in the amount needed. Technological advances have been made over the last decade with maintenance equipment, data acquisition devices, and decision support system software for PTM implementation. These technologies include, but are not limited to, GPS-guided sprayers, improved irrigation control systems, numerous sensors, unmanned aerial vehicles, and dashboards to view, analyze, and interpret data on a computer or mobile device. Precision turfgrass management offers an opportunity for the turfgrass industry to make significant strides in management input reductions (e.g. water, pesticides, fertility), all while maintaining the same desirable end product. Unfortunately, adoption of new technologies for PTM implementation has been slow amongst turfgrass managers. Driving forces and barriers to adoption of PTM are assumed to be like those in precision agriculture, which is a parallel concept to PTM. While similarities do likely exist, turfgrass poses other challenges for implementation that agriculture does not; primarily social elements involving turfgrass aesthetics, playability, and safety, in addition to management time constraints due to human use. Research is needed to provide turfgrass managers effective, science-based procedures for PTM implementation. Furthermore, the environmental, economic, and social benefits of PTM need to be identified in order to justify the management strategy and increase adoption of newer technologies.Therefore, the objectives of this project are to 1) develop PTM strategies related to turfgrass cultural practices, 2) determine environmental and social impacts, return on investment, and effect on turfgrass aesthetics, playability, and safety of various PTM strategies, and 3) collaborate to develop new technologies that simplify data collection and analysis processes for PTM implementation. Results from this project will be used to justify the concept of PTM and increase its adoption in the turfgrass industry.
Animal Health Component
80%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
10%
Applied
80%
Developmental
10%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
1022130107033%
1112130107033%
1342130107034%
Goals / Objectives
Goals and objectives of this project include:Developing precision turfgrass management strategies related to turfgrass cultural practices; specifically, irrigation, aerification, and fertilization.Determining enviornmental and social impacts, return on investment, and effects on turfgrass aesthetics, playability, and safety of various precision turfgrass management strategies.Developing new technologies/procedures that that simplify data collection and analysis processes to encourage adoption of precision turfgrass management.
Project Methods
This project will involve applied and basic research utilizing field and laboratory resources available to the Texas A&M University turfgrass science program. The Scotts Miracle-Gro Center for Lawn and Garden Research in College Station, TX is equipped with several acres of research field plots consisting of multiple warm-season turfgrasses that represent lawns, golf courses, and athletic fields. It also has additional land that is currently unestablished and can be used for constructing large-scale research field plots (e.g. a golf course fairway, athletic field, etc.). Large-scale research projects will be a unique aspect to the overallproject, relative to traditional turfgrass research methodologies. Other locations on campus, such as the Texas A&M Golf Course and Penberthy Rec Sports Complex, can be utilized for on-site research under real-world scenarios. Furthermore, the Department of Soil and Crop Sciences has multiple greenhouse and growth chamber facilities available that will allow investigation into more basic research questions in more controlled environments.Efforts to disiminate science-based knowlegeinclude formal classroom andlaboratory instruction to undergraduate students, developement of protocols and decision support systems, internships, experiential learning opportunities, and extension and outreach activities. Quantified outputs will be related turfgrass management input reduction (e.g. decreasein water,energy,fertilizer, pesticide use), enviornmental impacts (e.g. reduction in greenhouse gas emissions), economic impacts (e.g. cost reductions), and social impacts (e.g. athletic field safety and performance). The success of these outputs will be evaluated based on publications, presentations, and adoption among turfgrass professionals.

Progress 08/07/20 to 09/30/20

Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiencesareindividuals and groupsof the turfgrass management industry at the state, regional, national, and international levels. This includes undergraduate students at Texas A&M University,members of the Texas Turfgrass Association, Texas Sports Turf Managers Association, and Texas Golf Course Superintendents Associations, as well as out-of-stateand internationalturfgrass associations. It also includes undergraduates students at other universities. Efforts to reach target audiences were through written scientific and popular press articles, on-line orin-person seminars,lectures, andpanel discussions,interviews/podcasts,and social media. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?New project and minimal opportunites for training and professional developement at this time. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?New project and minimal results have been disseminated to communities of interest. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Since this is a new project, I plan to begin theresearch to address individual aspects of the project's goals. Specifically, research addressing theafformentionedobjectives in the accomplishment section willbe initiated. I would also like to increase my number of graduate students.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? New project and minimalfindings/results at this time; however, research collaborationsare being formulated and graduate students have been hired to address specific objectives. These objectives include the evaluation of precision irrigation on golf course fairways to reduce water consumption and energy use, site-specific aerification and targeted wetting agent applications on sports fields to improve surface uniformity and athlete-surface interactions, and conducting a nationwide survey of turfgrass managers to identify barriers to adoption of precision turfgrass management technologies.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: C. Straw, R. Grubbs, and G. Henry. 2020. Short-term spatiotemporal relationship between plant and soil properties on natural turfgrass sports fields. In Press Agrosystems, Geosciences, and Environment. DOI: 10.1002/agg2.20043
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: C. Straw, C. Samson, G. Henry, and C. Brown. 2020. A review of turfgrass sports field variability and its implications on athlete surface interactions. Agronomy Journal. 112:24012417.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: C. Straw, F. Principe, E. Kurtz, D. Weise-Bjornstal, and B. Horgan. 2020. Within-field variability of turfgrass surface properties and athlete performance: modeling their relationship using GPS and GIS. Proceedings of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology. DOI:10.1177/1754337119901090.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: C. Straw. 2020. A protocol for data-driven golf course irrigation. Texas Turfgrass Association Newsletter, 1st Quarter 2020:16-17.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: C. Straw and J. Friell. 2020. Precision irrigation using sensor and mapping technologies. Rasen-Turf-Gazon. 2:26-27.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: C. Straw, J. Friell, R. Schwab, S. Evans, and E. Watkins. 2020. A method to create precision irrigation thresholds using soil moisture sensor and mapping technologies. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Meetings. Phoenix, AZ (virtual conference).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: R. Hejl, B. Wherley, K. McInnes, C. Straw, R. Grubbs, T. Carson, and C. Fontanier. 2020. Factors leading to temporal and spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture dynamics in sand-capped fairway systems. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Meetings. Phoenix, AZ (virtual conference).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: R. Hejl, B. Wherley, K. McInnes, C. Straw, R. Grubbs, T. Carson, and C. Fontanier. 2020. Data-driven moisture management for sand-capped fairway systems. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Meetings. Phoenix, AZ (virtual conference).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: C. Straw and J. Friell. 2020. Precision irrigation for golf courses using sensor and mapping technologies. Soil and Water Conservation Society International Annual Conference. Des Moines, IA (virtual conference).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2020 Citation: C. Straw and J. Friell. 2020. Precision irrigation using sensor and mapping technologies. European Turfgrass Society Conference. Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2020 Citation: C. Straw. 2020. Maintaining sports field uniformity to increase player safety and performance. Texas Turfgrass Association Winter Conference. Frisco, TX. December 1.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2020 Citation: C. Straw. 2020. Reducing water consumption in golf course fairways with precision irrigation. Texas Turfgrass Association Winter Conference. Frisco, TX. December 1.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: C. Straw. 2020. Precision turfgrass management  current trends and future application. Texas Turfgrass Association Summer Conference (conducted via Zoom). July 21.