MANAGING FOR IMPROVED SOIL HEALTH AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

• Sponsoring Institution: National Institute of Food and Agriculture
• Project Status: COMPLETE
• Funding Source: HATCH
• Reporting Frequency: Annual
• Accession No.: 1020982
• Project Start Date: Oct 1, 2019
• Project End Date: Sep 30, 2024
• Program Code: [(N/A)]- (N/A)

Recipient Organization
OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
1680 MADISON AVENUE
WOOSTER,OH 44691

Performing Department
School of Natural Resources

Non Technical Summary
Healthy resilient soils are foundational for human societies and terrestrial ecosystems. During the last century the U.S. lost half of its agricultural soils and much of the other 50% of arable soil experienced diminished soil health. The remaining degraded soil resources must provide 99% of global caloric demand and nutrients for a human population set to exceed 8 billion before 2025 and provide vital ecosystem services. We propose a collaborative project to address four Global Grand Challenges where teams will research: (1) soil management practices that improve soil health and crop production; (2) soil carbon and climate change mitigation; (3) soil restoration practices that improve ecosystem resilience and productivity and public health; and (4) new soil mapping/assessment technologies to inventory soil health with respect to ecosystem services.As a concept, soil health has gained rapid acceptance with the public and scientific communities as means to describe a soil's ability to provide ecosystem functions and supply global food requirements. What is not well defined is identification of soil management practices that improve soil health and increase crop yields. There is agreement that soil organic carbon is a key variable required to improve soil health and mitigate global climate change. However an improved understanding of strategies to stabilize and increase permanence of added soil organic carbon is necessary. For degraded soils, we also need to understand what practices will restore urban and natural systems to improve public health and enhance ecosystem services. For decision makers, land managers and the public, mapping and assessment technologies are needed to inventory soil health thus prioritize resource allocation.

Animal Health Component

50%

Research Effort Categories

Basic

25%

Applied

50%

Developmental

25%

Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)	Subject of Investigation (SOI)	Field of Science (FOS)	Percent
101	0110	3100	40%
102	0110	2000	20%
102	0110	2040	20%
101	0199	2061	20%

Knowledge Area
102 - Soil, Plant, Water, Nutrient Relationships; 101 - Appraisal of Soil Resources;

Subject Of Investigation
0110 - Soil; 0199 - Soil and land, general;

Field Of Science
2040 - Mineralogy; 2061 - Pedology; 2000 - Chemistry; 3100 - Management;

Keywords

soil health

climate change

soil restoration

ecosystem services

urban soil

soil carbon sequestration

soil contaminant remediation

heavy metal

Goals / Objectives
Goals / ObjectivesIdentify soil management practices that improve soil health and crop productionUnderstand soil organic carbon stabilization and permanenceIdentify soil restoration practices that improve ecosystem function, public health and productivity. measurements and treatments to restore ecosystem functions and resilience in degraded soilsDevelop/implement new soil mapping/assessment technologies to inventory soil health with respect to ecosystem services

Project Methods
Objective 1: Identify soil management practices that improve soil health and crop production (quality and quantity).A long-term trial will be established at the OARDC Wooster campus to identify which management practices are most effective at increasing soil health and enhancing crop yields over short and long-term scales. This multi-year study will enable us to monitor yield responses and soil property transformations to variable weather and climate extremes providing the capacity to determine which management practices are most climate resilient. Treatments included in this trial will be guided by the Natural Resources Conservation Service's four key ways to manage for soil health that include i) reduce soil disturbance ii) diversify soil biota via plant diversity iii) keep living roots throughout the year and iv) maintain continuous ground cover. Annual data collection will include 1) climate data (precipitation and temperature) 2) crop yield, 3) grain quality, 4) annual net primary productivity, 5) belowground net primary productivity 6) nitrogen use efficiency 7) soil moisture and soil temperature 8) biological, physical, and chemical soil health indicators 9) Enzymes and soil food web indices, 10) infiltration and nitrate leaching, 11) predict erosivity using existing models (Pruski and Nearing, 2002). Plant and soil measurements will be taken and crop physiological maturity.Objective 2: Conduct basic and applied research on soil management practices that optimize soil carbon sequestration and permanence for climate change mitigation.As it is important to investigate the multidecadal impact of management types on SOC quantity and composition, multiple long-term experiments across different soil types and climates will be investigated. Both new and archival soil samples will be taken from several long-term field experiments (e.g. Van Doren Long-term No-Till Plots, Ohio) and from other experiments in which different management schemes have been imposed (e.g. tillage, cover crops, organic amendments, land use change). Archival samples are mostly from surface horizons, but new sampling will also include samples from deeper horizons (ca. 40 to 60 cm). These samples will be measured for bulk density, total organic carbon and total nitrogen. To gain information on stabilization processes bulk soil will be separated via a size-density-chemical fractionation (Zimmermann et al., 2007) and related to extractible Fe and Al, specific surface area, clay mineralogy and infrared spectroscopy (Demyan et al., 2012, 2013). Time series data will be used to initialize, parameterize, and validate soil organic carbon turnover models (e.g. Daisy, Century, Q-Soil, MEMS (Robertson et al., 2019) which will then be used to model soil carbon dynamics under different climate scenarios.Objective 3: Identify soil restoration practices that improve ecosystem and public health and productivity. measurements and treatments to restore ecosystem functions and resilience in degraded soilsIssue 1 - Heavy metal contamination: The short- and long-term biogeochemistry and bioavailability of heavy metal and other contaminants in urban soils and soil amendment treated soil will be determined to assess the environmental and health risk. Soil health tests that measure select physical, chemical and microbiological endpoints will be used to determine the improvement in soil health from soil amendments. Laboratory and field studies will be conducted to determine chemical speciation methods that measure risk-based contaminant in treated and untreated soils.Mineralogical changes within the samples will be analyzed with techniques like x-ray diffraction, microscopy (SEM, TEM, AFM), and spectroscopy (EDX) according to published methods (Lower et al., 1998 a, b; Scheckel et al., 2011). Microbiology changes within the samples will be analyzed according to published methods (e.g., Konopka et al., 1999; Zhang et al., 2017; Liu et al., 2018; Tipayno et al., 2018). These analyses will allow determination of microbial activity and detect shifts in microbial community structures as a result of Pb exposure. Of particular interest is occurrence and fate of agriculturally relevant bacteria (e.g., N-fixing microbes) due to their importance in urban farming.Issue 2 - Mineland reclamation: Our experiment is hosted by the The Wilds - a conservation organization in Cumberland, OH (39o48'41" N 81o42'45" W) that sits on nearly 10,000 acres of reclaimed strip mine land donated by AEP in 1986. Soils at the site typify those associated with reclaimed minelands being highly compacted with low fertility and extremely low concentrations of organic matter.Following the original plot design (Sengupta et al, unpublished), we evaluated the current plant community composition of 330 plots (320 treatment plots + 10 controls) during Summer and Autumn 2016. Taking the current community composition as a starting point we have assigned plots at the site into one of four subsequent treatment regimes: i) two year burn; ii) six year burn; iii) two year mow; iv) six year mow. Vegetation surveys will be repeated biannually for five years which will allow us to capture the effects of at least two iterations of the longer-interval treatments (initial applications were applied in 2018). Soils will be analyzed for standard nutrients (Mehlich 1984), and soil health indicators (pH, soil protein, active carbon; Moebius-Clune et al., 2016). Surface and sub-surface hardness will be measured using a digital penetrometer with 14 equally-spaced measurements taken along each transect.?Objective 4: Develop / implement new soil mapping/assessment technologies to inventory soil health with respect to ecosystem servicesSoils will be sampled or left in situ, minimally prepared, and then scanned with an infrared spectrometer. A spectral library will be acquired which covers the full range of soils in Ohio from both surface horizons and also subsurface horizons up to 2 meters deep. Samples will also cover land use types from intensive and extensive agricultural, grassland, forest, urban, and minesoils. Chemometric modeling will be used to optimize models based on different criteria such as horizon or depth, land use, property range, and soil type. Different model approaches to be used will include partial least squares regression, artificial neural networks, and support vector machines. Additional qualitative and semi-quantitative information will also be extracted from spectral data regarding mineralogy and soil organic matter quality which will be related to traditional lab methods (e.g. Objective 2). The infrared spectroscopic measurement itself is non-destructive so the sample can be reused for other analyses. Once a prediction model has been developed for a certain area, then just the spectra from new samples need to be acquired. Infrared spectroscopy has shown to be able to predict a wide range of properties, but in most cases local or regional predictions models need to be constructed which necessitates the need for a spectral library. The success of infrared spectroscopy depends on the soil property, the range of the particular soil property, and heterogeneity of the total data set (Mirzaeitalarposhti et al., 2015).

Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20

Outputs
Target Audience: Agricultural producers/urban communities/natural resource managers (extension and outreach) Policy/decision makers and stakeholders (workshops) Research trainees (students, post-docs) (experiential learning) Scientific community (manuscripts, presentations) Changes/Problems:COVID 19 pandemic greatly impacted laboratory and fieldwork. Restrictions on number of people working in the lab at one time. This has reduced research capabilities up to 75%. Fieldwork in 2020 was constrained leading to a curtailed data collection season. We were also unable to apply the planned second round of burning and mowing treatments. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Training to undergraduate students, graduate students, post docotroal associates and visiting scientists How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Scientificcommunity: manuscripts publsihed in peer reviewed scientific journals. Results have been disseminated to the public, farmers, crop consultants, extension educators and the scientific community through the following:Newly revised website: soilhealth.osu.edu;OSU Extension CORN Newsletter articles (7);Conference talks (6);When to Test Garden Soil for Lead Contamination and What to Do if It's Present. HGTV interview https://www.hgtv.com/outdoors/gardens/planting-and-maintenance/when-to-test-garden-soil-for-lead-contamination-and-how-to-garde;Improving Soil Health to Adapt to Climate Change. Farm Science Review. Online. 22 September 2020.;Information from this projecthas been incorporated into lectures presented to undergraduate students (e.g., classes such as ENR2100 Introduction to Environmental Science). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continue research on project objectives

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Objective 1 Revision of soil health outreach website with OSU extension: soilhealth.osu.edu Formation of soil health subcommittee with the OSU extension agronomic crops team. Monthly meetings to plan winter webinar series Development and implementation of on-farm soil health research protocols through OSU extension eFields program. Research collaboration and coordination on soil health topics with a variety of institutions - manuscripts published and several others in preparation Soil biological health indicators were assessed in this study including soil respiration (a reflection of microbial activity), permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC), soil protein (labile nitrogen), and soil organic matter. Incorporating perennial polycultures into rotations is the most effective way to increase soil biological health and enhance C stabilization. Biochar changes microbial community composition and enzyme activity it may influence cellulose degradation and soil organic matter dynamics in the agricultural soil. Objective 2 Archive soil samples from the Cooperative Soil Survey and archive and new samples from several long-term experiments (Triplett-Van Doran no-till experiment, Waterman Farm long-term biosolids experiment) were taken and subject to a size-density-chemical soil organic matter fractionation. This work represents a first comprehensive examination across Ohio soils on major hypothesized controls on soil organic matter quality, quantity, and stability. Objective 3: Mineland reclamation: Work focused on understanding how differences in mineland reclamation technique - including varying tillage, fertilizer application and seeding treatments - affect the diversity and composition of restored prairie. To examine these issues we surveyed > 100 plots at a long-term experiment hosted by our collaborators at "the Wilds" (Cumberland, OH). A cluster analysis revealed 18% of the plots had well-established prairie communities while 55% showed low establishment success. The functional makeup of the community was significantly controlled by the seed mix used, whether plots were fertilized and their location across the site. The latter is related to abiotic moisture and soil gradients across the site resulting from site topography and the highly heterogenous nature of post-reclamation soils. This contingency effect imposes a significant constraint on restoration success. Soil heavy metal remediation: Soil restoration practices that improve ecosystem function, public health and productivity were identified. Restoration technology and strategies for degraded soils in urban ecosystems was disseminated to the public though presentations, interviews, websites and factsheets. We developed a meta-analytic framework to study the effect of units on nanotoxicology using data from the NanoE-Tox database, a freely available database containing over 1500 toxicology values from >200 published articles. These data were augmented with more recent toxicology values reported in peer-reviewed articles that met inclusion criteria from an additional 1676 papers on nanotoxicity that were archived by the Web of Science citation index over the past five years using the NanoE-Tox database's search terms for continuity. The result of our meta-analysis reveals that surface area per volume reduces the heterogeneity in the dataset and may be a more appropriate estimate of the toxicity of nanoparticles Objective 4. Develop/implement new soil mapping/assessment technologies to inventory soil health with respect to ecosystem services Developed new hierarchical digital soil mapping framework for Ohio. Produced new Soil Systems map for North west Ohio and commenced extension to remainder of Ohio. Developed methods to locate representative reference soil profiles for soil series using digital soil mapping processes. Reference profiles include a range of land management practices so that comparisons can be made of dynamic soil properties to determine soil health differences. Developed methodology for identifying crop types and soil carbon stocks using hyperspectral remote sensing in Gujarat India. An infrared spectral library of >1000 soils has been acquired covering a wide-range of soil types, landscapes, managements and depths. Methodological work has focused on improving and optimizing analytical settings such as grinding/not grinding, spectral resolution and replication to improve prediction model results. Additionally various linear and non-linear multivariate modeling approaches were tested to search for the best combination spectral pre-treatment and model type. The resulting approach minimizes sample preparation and scan time without sacrificing prediction model accuracy. Successful prediction models for Ohio soils were found for total organic carbon, texture, and active carbon. ?

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Sprunger, C.D. T. Martin*, M. Mann*. 2020. Systems with greater perenniality and crop diversity enhance soil biological health. Agricultural and Environmental Letters.e20030.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2020 Citation: B.E. ONeill, C.D. Sprunger and G.P. Robertson. In Revision. Do soil health tests match farmer experience? Assessing biological, physical, and chemical indicators in the upper Midwestern United States. Soil Science Society of America.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Lumarie P�rez-Guzm�n, Brian H Lower, Richard P Dick, 2020. Corn and hardwood biochars affected soil microbial community and enzyme activities. Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment 3(1): e20082.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: RM Wheeler and SK Lower (2019) Statistical Thermodynamic Approach to Nanoparticle Heteroaggregation Modeling. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, San Francisco (Abstracts B13I-2642).
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2021 Citation: Wheeler, RM and Lower, SK (in press). A Meta-Analysis Framework to Assess the Role of Units in Describing Nanoparticle Toxicity. NanoImpact.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2021 Citation: Burgos Hern�ndez, T.D., Deiss, L., Slater, B.K., Demyan, M.S. and M. Shaffer, J.M. (2021). High-throughput assessment of soil carbonate minerals in urban environments. Geoderma 382: 114778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114778.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2020 Citation: Kidd, D., Searle, R., Grundy, M., McBratney, A., Robinson, N, OBrienn, L., Zund, P., Arrouays, D., Thomas, M., Padarian, J. Jones, E., McLean Bennett., Minasny, B., Holmes, K., Malone, B., Liddicoat, C., Meier, E., Stockmann, U., Wilson, P., Wilford, J. Ringrose-Voase, A., Slater, B., Odgers, N., Gray, J., van Gool., D., Andrews, K., Harms, B., Stower, L., and Triantafilis J. (2020). Operationalising digital soil mapping  Lessons from Australia. Geoderma Regional 23 e00335.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Massawe, B.H.J., Kaaya, A.K., Winowiecki, L. and Slater, B.K. (2020). Multi-criteria Land Evaluation for Rice Production using GIS and Analytic Hierarchy Process in Kilombero Valley, Tanzania. Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences 18 (2), 88-98.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Salas, E.A.L., Subburayalu, S.K., Slater, B., Zhao, K. Bhattacharya, B., Tripathy, R, Das, A., Nigam, R., Dave, R. and Parekh, P. (2019): Mapping crop types in fragmented arable landscapes using AVIRIS-NG imagery and limited field data, International Journal of Image and Data Fusion, December, 2019. DOI: 10.1080/19479832.2019.1706646
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Deiss, L., Culman, S.W., Demyan, M.S., 2020. Grinding and spectra replication often improves mid-DRIFTS predictions of soil properties. Soil Science Society of America Journal 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20021
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Deiss, Leonardo, Margenot, A.J., Culman, S.W., Demyan, M.S., 2020. Tuning support vector machines regression models improves prediction accuracy of soil properties in MIR spectroscopy. Geoderma 365, 114227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114227
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Deiss, L., Margenot, A.J., Culman, S.W., Demyan, M.S., 2020. Optimizing acquisition parameters in diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy of soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20028
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: L. Deiss (oral presenter), T. Burgos-Hernandez, A. Sall, T. Doohan, J.R. West, Y. Rui, A.J. Margenot, S. Culman and M. S. Demyan. (2019). Estimating Soil Properties Using Mid-Drifts Specific Peak Areas. [Abstract 219-5]. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America Annual Meeting. Nov 10-13, 2019. San Antonio, Texas.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: M.S. Demyan (poster presenter), G. Tepanosyan, L. Deiss and A. Saghatelyan. (2019). Using Portable Visible/Near Infrared Spectroscopy to Compliment Legacy Soil Data in Armenia. [Poster 1012]. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America Annual Meeting. Nov 10-13, 2019. San Antonio, Texas.
• Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Doohan, Thomas. 2020. Drivers of Soil Organic Matter Stabilization across Ohio. MS Thesis. The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: A. Snyder, M. S. Demyan, N. T. Basta and G. M. Davies. (2019). Plateau Study: Testing the Soil Carbon Saturation Theory through the Application of Biosolids. [Abstract 205-3]. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America Annual Meeting. Nov 10-13, 2019. San Antonio, Texas.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: T. Doohan, M. S. Demyan, S. Culman, B. Slater, and L. Deiss. (2019). Do They Matter: Evaluation of Inherent Soil Properties' Influence on SOM Quality and Distribution. [Abstract 203-5]. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America Annual Meeting. Nov 10-13, 2019. San Antonio, Texas
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: When to Test Garden Soil for Lead Contamination and What to Do if Its Present. HGTV interview https://www.hgtv.com/outdoors/gardens/planting-and-maintenance/when-to-test-garden-soil-for-lead-contamination-and-how-to-garde
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2020 Citation: Basta, N.T. A.M. Zearley and J.A. Hattey. (2020). A Risk-Based Soil Health Approach to Management of Soil Lead. In D.E. Stott et al (eds) Approaches to Soil Health Analysis. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. (In press).
• Type: Websites Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Hattey, J.A. A. Zearley and N.T Basta,. 2020. https://swel.osu.edu/urban-agriculture-and-gardening provide content for urban soil management.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Sprunger, C.D. and T. Martin. 2020. Drivers of rhizosphere dynamics and soil biological health in agroecosystems. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Meetings. Invited oral talk (Virtual).
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Sprunger, C.D. 2020. How do rhizosphere dynamics drive soil health in agroecosystems? Department of Plant Science Fall Seminar Series, Penn State University.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Sprunger, C.D. 2020. The role that roots play in building soil organic matter and soil health. Association for Ohio Pedologists. February 27, 2020.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Sprunger, C.D. 2020. The role that roots play in building soil organic matter and soil health. Conservation Tillage Conference. March 4, 2020.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Sprunger, C.D. 2019. How do soils provide important ecosystem services? Invited Speaker. Environmental Professionals Network. Columbus, Ohio. December 4, 2019.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Sprunger, C.D. 2019. Perenniality or Diversity: Which is most effective at providing ecosystem services within agro-ecosystems? Ames, IA. Invited Speaker. Department of Agronomy seminar series, Iowa State University.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Sprunger, C.D. 2019. Embracing Difficult Conversations: The necessary path to diversifying soil science. Amherst, MA. Bridge Scholar/Invited Speaker. Stockbridge School of Agriculture Seminar Series: Bridge2Impacts, University of Massachusetts.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Sprunger, C.D. 2019. Perenniality or Diversity: Which is most effective at providing ecosystem services within agro-ecosystems? Amherst, MA. Bridge Scholar/Invited Speaker. Stockbridge School of Agriculture Seminar Series: Bridge2Science, University of Massachusetts.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Sprunger, C.D. 2019. What management practices most influence soil health in corn production? Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference. Ada, OH. Invited Speaker.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Sprunger, C.D. 2019. Sustainable Agriculture: Can we increase crop productivity while reducing agricultures environmental footprint? Department of Biology Seminar Series, College of Wooster. Wooster, OH. Invited Seminar Speaker.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Sprunger, C.D. and S. W. Culman. 2019. On-farm evaluation of crop diversity effects on soil health and ecosystem function in the Great Lakes Region. Special Session. Soil Science Society of America International Annual Meetings. San Diego, CA. Invited Oral Presentation
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Bowles, T.M., M. Mooshammer, Y. Socolar, F. Calder�n, M.A. Cavigelli, et al. 2020. Long-Term Evidence Shows that Crop-Rotation Diversification Increases Agricultural Resilience to Adverse Growing Conditions in North America. One Earth 2(3): 284293. doi: 10.1016/j.oneear.2020.02.007.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Culman, S.W., M. Mann, S. Sharma, M.T. Saeed, A.M. Fulford, et al. 2020. Calibration of Mehlich-3 with Bray P1 and ammonium acetate in the Tri-State region of Ohio, Indiana and Michigan. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 51(1): 8697. doi: 10.1080/00103624.2019.1695825.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Dayton, E.A., R.K. Shrestha, A.M. Fulford, K.R. Love, S.W. Culman, et al. 2020. Soil test phosphorus and phosphorus balance trends: A county-level analysis in Ohio. Agronomy Journal 112(3): 16171624. doi: 10.1002/agj2.20146.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Osterholz, W.R., S.W. Culman, C. Herms, F. Joaquim de Oliveira, A. Robinson, et al. 2020. Knowledge gaps in organic research: understanding interactions of cover crops and tillage for weed control and soil health. Org. Agr. doi: 10.1007/s13165-020-00313-3.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Swab, R.M., N. Lorenz, N.R. Lee, S.W. Culman, and R.P. Dick. 2020. From the Ground Up: Prairies on Reclaimed Mine LandImpacts on Soil and Vegetation. Land 9(11): 455. doi: 10.3390/land9110455.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Wade, J., S.W. Culman, J.A.R. Logan, H. Poffenbarger, M.S. Demyan, et al. 2020a. Improved soil biological health increases corn grain yield in N fertilized systems across the Corn Belt. Scientific Reports 10(1). doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-60987-3.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Wade, J., G. Maltais-Landry, D.E. Lucas, G. Bongiorno, T.M. Bowles, et al. 2020b. Assessing the sensitivity and repeatability of permanganate oxidizable carbon as a soil health metric: An interlab comparison across soils. Geoderma 366: 114235. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114235.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Zone, P.P., S.W. Culman, V.R. Haden, L.E. Lindsey, A.M. Fulford, et al. 2020. Do soil test levels and fertilization with phosphorus and potassium impact field crop tissue concentrations? Agronomy Journal 112(4): 30243036. doi: 10.1002/agj2.20243.
• Type: Book Chapters Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2020 Citation: Culman, S.W., Hurisso, T.T., Wade, J. Permanganate Oxidizable Carbon: An Indicator of Biologically Active Soil Carbon, In: D.L. Karlen, D.E. Stott, and M.M. Mikha (eds). Soil Health: Vol. 2: Laboratory Methods for Soil Health Assessment, Soil Science Society of America (SSSA) & Wiley International, SSSA, Madison, WI, In Press
• Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Hurisso, T.T. and Culman, S.W. Is Autoclaved Citrate-Extractable (ACE) Protein a Viable Indicator of Soil Nitrogen Availability? In: D.L. Karlen, D.E. Stott, and M.M. Mikha (eds). Soil Health: Vol. 2: Laboratory Methods for Soil Health Assessment, Soil Science Society of America (SSSA) & Wiley International, SSSA, Madison, WI.
• Type: Websites Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Soilhealth.osu.edu
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Xiaoqing Zhang, Elizabeth A. Dayton, Nicholas T. Basta. 2020. Predicting the modifying effect of soils on arsenic phytotoxicity and phytoaccumulation using soil properties or soil extraction methods. Environ. Pollut. 263:1-10.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Sally Brown, James A. Ippolito, Lakhwinder Hundal, and Nicholas T. Basta. 2020. Municipal biosolids  A resource for sustainable communities. Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health. 14:56-62.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Li, Hong-Bo, Di Zhao, Meng-Ya Li, Jie Li, Shi-Wei Li, Albert L. Juhasz, Nicholas T. Basta, and Lena Q. Ma. 2019. Oral bioavailability of As, Pb, and Cd in contaminated soil, dust, and food: method development using animal bioassays. ES&T. 53(18):0545-10559.