Progress 09/01/19 to 08/31/22
Outputs
Target Audience:Farmers, processors, quick service restaurant industry, industry stakeholders (agricultural chemical and fertilizer companies, food processors, equipment manufacturers, etc.). Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The NWPVD program provides continuing opportunities for training personnel in the science of breeding and genetics, variety development, agronomic management, and postharvest handling, storage and processing quality evaluation of a diverse array of germplasm. On average, the multi-state project engages three to four graduate students, three postdoctoral associates, five technical, and numerous undergraduate students in the project annually. Extension personnel and industry stakeholders also participate in efforts to grow and evaluate the clonal entries on an annual basis. Many of the graduate students who have worked in this program are employed in professional and management positions in the potato industry. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Dissemination of detailed research results from the NWPVD Program occurs annually at meetings of the Tri-State and Western Regional Technical Committees (which includes university, industry/stakeholder, and USDA-ARS members), and in written form through publication of the USDA-ARS Western Regional Trial Report and the WSU Potato Cultivar Yield and Postharvest Quality Evaluations Report. Both of these publications are freely available in written and electronic formats https://www.ars.usda.gov/pacific-west-area/aberdeen-id/small-grains-and-potato-germplasm-research/docs/western-regional-tri-state-potato-variety-trial-reports/ Additionally, results from the Northwest program are communicated directly to stakeholders annually through oral presentations and related proceedings articles at the Washington/Oregon Potato Conference (Kennewick, WA), Western Washington Potato Conference (Mt Vernon, WA), Idaho Potato Conference (Pocatello, ID), and Hermiston Farm Fair & Trade Show (Hermiston, OR). Potato field days showcasing variety trials and related management research are held annually at the WSU Research Unit at Othello, WA, WSU Northwest Washington Research & Extension Center at Mt Vernon, WA, and Hermiston Agricultural Research & Center. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Collectively, 29 agronomic trials assessing best management practices (BMPs) for Northwest Potato Variety Development (NWPVD, also known regionally as the Tri-State (ID, OR,WA) Program) breeding clones were conducted during 2021 in Aberdeen and Kimberly, ID, Hermiston, OR and Othello WA. Several trials examined nitrogen use efficiency of advanced selections from the breeding program with that of the industry standard, Russet Burbank. The nitrogen use efficiency for several for these six clones ranged between 10-25% better than that of Russet Burbank. Reducing fertilizer applications per unit of yield would provide a considerable economic benefit to growers and would also contribute significantly to the sustainability of potato production systems. Additional studies were conducted to determine optimal seed management practices, seed piece spacing, row width spacing, plant maturity, and nitrogen management guidelines for new and previously released NWPVD varieties. Trials in 2022 examine spatial arrangements of plants, calcium uptake, potassium requirements of three varieties, cut and whole seed, plant maturity, and nitrogen use efficiency on advanced clones. Most recent variety releases from the NWPVD program include Rainier Russet, Galena Russet, and La Belle Russet. Ten other varieties released between 2015 and 2022: Pomerelle Russet, Mountain Gem Russet, Payette Russet, Targhee Russet, TerraRossa, Smilin' Eyes, Echo Russet, Castle Russet, Purple Iris, Deliciae, La Belle Russet, Galena Russet, and Rainier Russet. All varieties developed by the Northwest Program have been licensed to the Potato Variety Management Institute (PVMI), a non-profit organization working on behalf of the program to promote and market varieties since 2005. Detailed information, including management guidelines for NWPVD cultivars were published on the PVMI websites: (www.pvmi.org). Cold-sweetening resistance is also an objective of the program and Clearwater Russet, Payette Russet, and most recently, Galena Russet (Spear et al., 2021) are examples of our success in this area. The enhanced cold-sweetening resistance of Clearwater Russet contributed significantly to its approval by McDonald's for processing in the PNW. Such low-sugar varieties also contribute to reductions in acrylamide formation in processed potato products, with reducing sugars being a primary contributor. One hundred and fifty-four parental clones were grown in the greenhouse in 2021 at Aberdeen, ID and hybridizations made among them for the generation of true potato seed--the starting point for the generation of new populations in our breeding program at Aberdeen, Idaho. Three hundred and forty-nine families representing 407,000 true potato seed were generated and extracted from potato berries from 2021 hybridizations. Ninety-three thousand seedling tubers representing 580 unique families generated from the Aberdeen program and from other state breeding programs were planted at Aberdeen and Tetonia, ID in 2021 with selections made among them; selected clones became our second field year (12-hill selections) in 2022. An additional 1,532 second-field year (12-hill) selections were also planted in 2021. Clones selected from the 2021 12-hill trial will advance and be planted into 2022 replicated field trials. In 2021, 11 entries from the Aberdeen program were entered in advanced Tri-State and Western Regional (CO, ID, OR, WA, TX) agronomic and processing trials to assess their performance relative to industry standards. Early and late harvest performance for each clone was tested at each trial location. Seventeen NWPVD clones will be evaluated under early and late harvest conditions in the 2022 Tri-State and Western Regional Trials. New varieties will continue to be released in cooperation with the University of Idaho Nuclear Seed Program, private seed growers in the state, and the processing and fresh pack industries. Forty-two NWPVD breeding clones were entered in the 2022 National Fry Processing Trial (NFPT) and grown in six states, including WA, OR, and ID. The NFPT serves to identify and fast-track new varieties for rapid adoption within the U.S. processing industry. Desirable traits include low acrylamide and acceptable agronomics and processing ability. Five of the 42 entries are being tested at the advanced, Tier 3 level; 13 of them at mid, Tier 2 level and the remaining 24 clones were tested within the Tier 1 level. The breeding program is progressing in developing germplasm with genetic resistance to PVY, PVX, and PLRV, PMTV, late blight (foliar and tuber), nematodes, corky ringspot and zebra chip disease--in fact, nine entries in the NFPT in 2021 exhibited extreme resistance to PVY. Advanced clones were entered into disease trials in Aberdeen and Kimberly Idaho and screened for early blight, common scab, and viruses PVX, PVY, and PLRV. In addition, clones were evaluated for dry rot and soft rot susceptibility. Progress has continued in the development of potato varieties having resistance/tolerance to the tuber necrotic viruses, Potato mop-top virus (PMTV) and Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) responsible for corky ringspot disease. An Aberdeen-led NWPVD release having resistance/tolerance to both tuber necrotic viruses is Pomerelle Russet (Stark et al., 2018), with Payette Russet, a 2015 NWPVD release, also has moderate resistance to corky ringspot (CR) disease, whereas standard varieties are considered susceptible (Novy et al., 2017). In addition, the Aberdeen breeding program is progressing in the evaluation and identification of germplasm with genetic resistances to potato viruses X and Y (PVX, PVY), Potato leafroll virus (PLRV), late blight (foliar and tuber), potato cyst nematodes (Whitworth et al., 2014 and 2018; Dandurand et al., 2019), Verticillium wilt (VW), zebra chip and potato psyllid (the insect vector for Liberibacter responsible for zebra chip) (Prager et al., 2022). Payette Russet is an example of our efforts in breeding for extreme virus resistance to all PVY strains (conferred by the Rysto gene). Additionally, Payette has resistance to late blight and common scab, and is moderately resistant to VW, early blight, and CR. In 2014, the Idaho program also began incorporating another unique PVY-resistance gene, Rychc, which confers extreme resistance to PVY from the Japanese breeding clone Saikai 35, via hybridizations. This breeding effort was undertaken to expand the Ry genes present in our program with Ryadg and Rysto-based germplasm and advanced clones already present in most breeding programs, with Rychc utilized more infrequently. Molecular markers for Rychc (Mori et al., 2012) and for Ryadg and Rysto were utilized in the development of a multiplex marker assay (Elison et al., 2020) to expedite the efficiency of breeding for PVY resistance. Its use identified five russet breeding clones in our program having Rychc (in addition to Saikai 35) which previously had not been identified, thereby expediting the development of russet varieties having extreme resistance to PVY (Elison et al., 2021). Research detailing resistance to potato psyllid and Liberibacter (causal agent of Zebra Chip disease) in germplasm from the Aberdeen breeding program has been published (Diaz-Montano et al., 2014; Butler et al., 2011; Wallis et al., 2015; Rashidi et al., 2017; Prager et al., 2018). Further research to explore this unique species-derived germplasm resulted in three additional recent publications (Fife et al., 2020; Vigue et al., 2020; Cruzado et al., 2020) helping to advance efforts in breeding for resistance/tolerance to Zebra Chip disease.?
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
2. Novy, R.G., J.L. Whitworth, J.C. Stark, R. R. Spear, B.L. Schneider, M.J. Pavek, N.R. Knowles, L.O. Knowles, B.A. Charlton, V. Sathuvalli, S. Yilma, C.R. Brown, T.L. Brandt, Yi Wang, M. Thornton & N. Olsen. 2021. La Belle Russet: An Early Maturing, Dual-Purpose Variety Having a High Percentage of Marketable Yield, Long Tuber Dormancy, and a Reduced Incidence of Sugar Ends. Am. J. Potato Res. 98, 395410 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-021-09853-0
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
1. Swisher Grimm, K.D., R.A. Quick, L. Cimrhakl, C. Brown, M.J. Pavek. 2022. Detection of Potato Mop?Top Virus in Potato Seed Lots Entering. Am. J. Potato Res. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-022-09889-w
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
3. Spear R.R., R. G. Novy, J. L. Whitworth, J. C. Stark, M. J. Pavek, N. R. Knowles, L. O. Knowles, B. A. Charlton, V. Sathuvalli, S. Yilma, M. Thornton, N. Olsen, T. Brandt, Y. Wang. 2021. Galena Russet: A Long Dormancy, Dual Purpose Potato Cultivar Exhibiting Low Asparagine, Cold-Sweetening Resistance, and Enhanced Protein Content. Am J. Potato Res. 98, 5163 (2021). Online (2020) https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-020-09817-w
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
4. Gundersen, B., Inglis, D.A., Pavek, M., Karasev, A.V. 2019. Foliar and Tuber Reactions of Three Strains of Potato virus Y on Five Fresh Market Potato Cultivars through Three Successive Potato Generations. Am. J. Potato Res. 96, 519531 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-019-09738-3
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Cruzado, RK, M Rashidi, N Olsen, RG Novy, EJ Wenninger, NA Bosque-Perez, AV Karasev, WJ Price, and A Rashed. 2020. Effect of the level of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum infection on the development of zebra chip disease in different potato genotypes at harvest and post storage. PLoS ONE 15(4):e0231973. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231973
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Elison, GL, DG Hall, RG Novy, and JL Whitworth. 2020. Development and application of a multiplex marker assay to detect PVY resistance genes in Solanum tuberosum. Amer J Potato Res 97:289-296.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Fife, AN, K Cruzado, A Rashed, RG Novy, and EJ Wenninger. 2020. Potato psyllid (Hemiptera: Triozidae) behavior on three potato genotypes with tolerance to Candidatus Liberibacter solancearum . J Insect Sci 20:1-10.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
4. Navarre, R. C. Brown, M. Feldman, M. Pavek, Moehninsi, J. Stark, S. Sathuvalli, B. Charlton, S. Thompson, C. Miller, I. Vales and W. DeJong. 2020. Evaluation of Glycoalkaloid Content in Potatoes Grown in Multiple Locations NW Potato Research Consortiums Potato Progress. Volume XX, No. 3, February 13, 2020.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Vigue, SJ, DC Scheuring, JW Koym, CM Rush, F Workneh, C Tamborindeguy, CJ Miller, DS Douches, RG Novy, and MIVales. 2020. Identification of tetraploid potato clones with good processing quality among genotypes with reduced zebra chip disease symptomatology. Amer J Pot Res 97:565-579.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Bali, S., K. Vining, C. Gleason, H. Majtahedi, C.R. Brown, V. Sathuvalli. 2019. Differential gene expression analysis provides insights into salicylic acid mediated resistance response to Meloidogyne chitwoodi derived from the Mexican wild potato species Solanum bulbocastanum BMC Genomics 20, 907
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Dandurand, LM, IA Zasada, X Wang, B Mimee, W De Jong, R Novy, J Whitworth. and JC.Kuhl. 2019. Current status of potato cyst nematodes in North America. Annul Rev Phytopathol 57:117-33.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Ellis, GD, Knowles, LO and NR Knowles. 2019. Tolerance to heat stress in cold-sweetening resistant cultivars. In: Proceedings of the Washington and Oregon Potato Conference.
|
Progress 09/01/20 to 08/31/21
Outputs
Target Audience:Farmers, processors, quick service restaurant industry, industry stakeholders (agricultural chemical and fertilizer companies, food processors, equipment manufacturers, etc.). Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The NWPVD program provides continuing opportunities for training personnel in the science of breeding and genetics, variety development, agronomic management, and postharvest handling, storage and processing quality evaluation of a diverse array of germplasm. On average, the multi-state project engages three to four graduate students, three postdoctoral associates, five technical, and numerous undergraduate students in the project annually. Extension personnel and industry stakeholders also participate in efforts to grow and evaluate the clonal entries on an annual basis. Many of the graduate students who have worked in this program are employed in professional and management positions in the potato industry. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Dissemination of detailed research results from the NWPVD Program occurs annually at meetings of the Tri-State and Western Regional Technical Committees (which includes university, industry/stakeholder, and USDA-ARS members), and in written form through publication of the USDA-ARS Western Regional Trial Report and the WSU Potato Cultivar Yield and Postharvest Quality Evaluations Report. Both of these publications are freely available in written and electronic formats (http://www.ars.usda.gov/Main/docs.htm?docid=21888 & http://potatoes.wsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/2020-WSU-Potato-Cultivar-Yield-and-Postharvest-Quality-Evaluations.pdf). Additionally, results from the Northwest program are communicated directly to stakeholders annually through oral presentations and related proceedings articles at the Washington/Oregon Potato Conference (Kennewick, WA), Western Washington Potato Conference (Mt Vernon, WA), Idaho Potato Conference (Pocatello, ID), and Hermiston Farm Fair & Trade Show (Hermiston, OR). Potato field days showcasing variety trials and related management research are held annually at the WSU Research Unit at Othello, WA, WSU Northwest Washington Research & Extension Center at Mt Vernon, WA, and Hermiston Agricultural Research & Extension Center (Hermiston, OR). Varieties released from the program are managed by the Potato Variety Management Institute, which summarizes phenotypic data and articulates strengths and weaknesses of released varieties along with cultural and storage management information on the PVMI website (http://www.pvmi.org/default.htm). Further agronomic and postharvest management information is made available to researchers and stakeholders on the University of Idaho potatoes websites (https://www.uidaho.edu/cals/potatoes/varieties & http://www.uidaho.edu/cals/potatoes/storage) and Oregon Statewide reports are available at (https://extension.oregonstate.edu/people/sagar-sathuvalli). Collectively, these efforts expedite the earliest possible adoption of new releases, which is a strength of the Northwest Program. The PI's also communicate research results nationally and internationally through oral and poster presentations at annual meetings of professional societies (e.g., Potato Association of America, American Phytopathological Society) and via publication of refereed journal articles. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?In conjunction with USDA/ARS researchers, the latest molecular and breeding techniques will be used to enhance germplasm for quality, nutritional value, and stress and pest resistance. Germplasm with commercial potential will be selected from resulting populations. A series of state, tri-state, and regional trials will be used to evaluate the potential of breeding clones. The best clones will be released for public use. Management studies will be conducted to provide production information on all new varieties. High quality seed will be produced and disseminated for industry evaluation purposes. All procedures will be subject to review by a Tri-state industry committee. The ultimate success of new varieties (outputs) from the program will be evaluated based on the extent of their adoption and utilization by industry.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Twelve potato varieties were officially released by the Northwest Potato Variety Development (NWPVD) Program (known regionally as the Tri-State (ID, OR,WA) Program) between 2015 and 2021: Pomerelle Russet, Mountain Gem Russet, Payette Russet, Targhee Russet, TerraRossa, Smilin' Eyes, Echo Russet, Castle Russet, Purple Iris, Deliciae, La Belle Russet, and Galena Russet. All varieties developed by the Northwest Program have been licensed to the Potato Variety Management Institute (PVMI), a non-profit organization working on behalf of the program to promote and market varieties since 2005. Detailed information, including management guidelines for NWPVD cultivars were published on the PVMI websites: (www.pvmi.org). One hundred and sixty-six parental clones were grown in the greenhouse in 2020 at Aberdeen, ID and hybridizations made among them for the generation of true potato seed--the starting point for the generation of new populations in our breeding program at Aberdeen, Idaho. One thousand and eighty-nine families having a combined total of 1,364,095 true potato seed were generated and extracted from potato berries. One hundred and one thousand seedling tubers representing 661 unique families generated from the Aberdeen program and from other state breeding programs were planted at Aberdeen and Tetonia, ID in 2020 with selections made among them; selected clones become our second field year (12-hill selections) in 2021. An additional 1,391 second-field year (12-hill) selections were also planted in 2020. Clones selected from the 2020 12-hill trial will advance and be planted into 2021 replicated field trials. Collectively, 30 agronomic trials assessing best management practices (BMPs) for NWPVD breeding clones were conducted in Aberdeen and Kimberly, ID, Hermiston, OR and Othello WA. Several trials examined nitrogen use efficiency of advanced selections from the breeding program with that of the industry standard, Russet Burbank. The nitrogen use efficiency for several for these six clones ranged between 10-25% better than that of Russet Burbank. Reducing fertilizer applications per unit of yield would provide a considerable economic benefit to growers and would also contribute significantly to the sustainability of potato production systems. Additional studies were conducted to determine optimal seed management practices, seed piece spacing, row width spacing, and nitrogen management guidelines for new and previously released NWPVD varieties. Trials in 2021 will examine spatial arrangements of plants, calcium uptake, potassium requirements of three varieties, cut and whole seed, and nitrogen use efficiency on advanced clones. In 2020, 17 entries from the Aberdeen program were entered in advanced Tri-State and Western Regional (CO, ID, OR, WA, TX) agronomic and processing trials to assess their performance relative to industry standards. Early and late harvest performance for each clone was tested at each trial location. Twenty NWPVD clones will be evaluated under early and late harvest conditions in the 2021 Tri-State and Western Regional Trials. New varieties will continue to be released in cooperation with the University of Idaho Nuclear Seed Program, private seed growers in the state, and the processing and fresh pack industries. Twenty-two NWPVD breeding clones were entered in the 2020 National Fry Processing Trial (NFPT) and grown in six states, including WA, OR, and ID. The NFPT serves to identify and fast-track new varieties for rapid adoption within the U.S. processing industry. Desirable traits include low acrylamide and acceptable agronomics and processing ability. Eight of the 22 entries were tested at the advanced, Tier 2 level; the remaining 14 clones were tested within the Tier 1 level. Recommendations from the NFPT Steering Committee and NWPVD group resulted in nine of the Aberdeen breeding clone entries advancing to Tier 2 and two entries to the most advanced level, Tier 3, for 2021; An additional 18 new clones were entered into Tier 1.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Bali, S., K. Vining, C. Gleason, H. Majtahedi, C.R. Brown, V. Sathuvalli. 2019. Differential gene expression analysis provides insights into salicylic acid mediated resistance response to Meloidogyne chitwoodi derived from the Mexican wild potato species Solanum bulbocastanum BMC Genomics 20, 907
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Cruzado, RK, M Rashidi, N Olsen, RG Novy, EJ Wenninger, NA Bosque-Perez, AV Karasev, WJ Price, and A Rashed. 2020. Effect of the level of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum infection on the development of zebra chip disease in different potato genotypes at harvest and post storage. PLoS ONE 15(4):e0231973. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231973
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Dandurand, LM, IA Zasada, X Wang, B Mimee, W De Jong, R Novy, J Whitworth. and JC.Kuhl. 2019. Current status of potato cyst nematodes in North America. Annul Rev Phytopathol 57:117-33.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Elison, GL, DG Hall, RG Novy, and JL Whitworth. 2020. Development and application of a multiplex marker assay to detect PVY resistance genes in Solanum tuberosum. Amer J Potato Res 97:289-296.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Ellis, GD, Knowles, LO and NR Knowles. 2019. Tolerance to heat stress in cold-sweetening resistant cultivars. In: Proceedings of the Washington and Oregon Potato Conference.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Fife, AN, K Cruzado, A Rashed, RG Novy, and EJ Wenninger. 2020. Potato psyllid (Hemiptera: Triozidae) behavior on three potato genotypes with tolerance to Candidatus Liberibacter solancearum . J Insect Sci 20:1-10.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Spear, RR, RG Novy, JL Whitworth, JC Stark, MJ Pavek, NR Knowles, LO Knowles, BA Charlton, V Sathuvalli, S Yilma, M Thornton, N Olsen, T Brandt, and Y Wang. 2021. Galena Russet: A long dormancy, dual-purpose cultivar exhibiting low asparagine, cold-sweetening resistance, and enhanced protein content. Amer J Potato Res 98:51-63.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Vigue, SJ, DC Scheuring, JW Koym, CM Rush, F Workneh, C Tamborindeguy, CJ Miller, DS Douches, RG Novy, and MIVales. 2020. Identification of tetraploid potato clones with good processing quality among genotypes with reduced zebra chip disease symptomatology. Amer J Pot Res 97:565-579.
|
Progress 09/01/19 to 08/31/20
Outputs
Target Audience:Farmers, processors, quick service restaurant industry, industry stakeholders (agricultural chemical and fertilizer companies, food processors, equipment manufacturers, etc.), researchers. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The NWPVD program provides continuing opportunities for training personnel in the science of breeding and genetics, variety development, agronomic management, and postharvest handling, storage and processing quality evaluation of a diverse array of germplasm. On average, the multi-state project engages three to four graduate students, three postdoctoral associates, five technical, and numerous undergraduate students in the project annually. Extension personnel and industry stakeholders also participate in efforts to grow and evaluate the clonal entries on an annual basis. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Dissemination of detailed research results from the NWPVD Program occurs annually at meetings of the Tri-State and Western Regional Technical Committees (which includes university, industry/stakeholder, and USDA-ARS members), and in written form through publication of the USDA-ARS Western Regional Trial Report and the WSU Potato Cultivar Yield and Postharvest Quality Evaluations Report. Both of these publications are freely available in written and electronic formats (http://www.ars.usda.gov/Main/docs.htm?docid=21888 & http://potatoes.wsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/2017-Potato- Cultivar-Yield-and-Postharvest-Quality-Evaluations-Research-Edition.pdf). Additionally, results from the Northwest program are communicated directly to stakeholders annually through oral presentations and related proceedings articles at the Washington/Oregon Potato Conference (Kennewick, WA), Western Washington Potato Conference (Mt Vernon, WA), Idaho Potato Conference (Pocatello, ID), and Hermiston Farm Fair & Trade Show (Hermiston, OR). Potato field days showcasing variety trials and related management research are held annually at the WSU Research Unit at Othello, WA, WSU Northwest Washington Research & Extension Center at Mt Vernon, WA, and Hermiston Agricultural Research & Extension Center (Hermiston, OR). Varieties released from the program are managed by the Potato Variety Management Institute, which summarizes phenotypic data and articulates strengths and weaknesses of released varieties along with cultural and storage management information on the PVMI website (http://www.pvmi.org/default.htm). Further agronomic and postharvest management information is made available to researchers and stakeholders on the Univ. of Idaho potatoes websites (http://www.uidaho.edu/cals/potatoes/research/varieties & http://www.uidaho.edu/cals/potatoes/research/storage). Collectively, these efforts expedite the earliest possible adoption of new releases, which is a strength of the Northwest Program. The PI's also communicate research results nationally and internationally through oral and poster presentations at annual meetings of professional societies (e.g., Potato Association of America, American Phytopathological Society) and via publication of journal articles. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Spring 2020: Complete long-term storage trials and associated processing evaluations for samples held over from the 2019 late season Tri-State and Western Regional trials, summarize data, and prepare presentations for grower groups. Organize and plant all 2020 variety and management trials, make decisions concerning seed increases, and order plantlets. Identify, order, receive and cut seed tubers, plant and establish plots, initiate data collection. Begin crossing, vegetative propagation and plantlet and seedling establishment, and greenhouse planting. Summer 2020: Maintain plots and apply appropriate treatments and management inputs. Complete field notes (emergence, vigor, vine size, vine maturity, disease ratings, etc.) for all variety trials. Accumulate all morphological descriptor information for advanced selections. Continue production of greenhouse tuberlings. Complete field disease screening. Increase breeder and limited-generation seed in the field and greenhouse as needed. Begin harvests, collect yield, grade, and quality data, initiate storage trials and begin postharvest evaluations. Fall 2020: Harvest late trial plots. Grade and evaluate tubers for cooking quality, storability, bruise response, postharvest disease reaction, and initiate processing tests. Assist commercial producers and seed growers with sampling, providing appropriate measurements and evaluations, and interpretation of data from large-scale evaluation plots. Participate in team selection efforts at early generation production sites. Complete virus testing and indexing. Harvest and store pre-nuclear tubers. Select parental clones for crossing. Begin studies on the biochemistry of quality factors, improvement of seed increase methods, genetics of important traits, and nutritive value. Winter 2020/21: Continue storage and postharvest processing and culinary quality trial evaluations for clonal entries from the 2020 trials. Compile and summarize data from all in-field and postharvest trials from the 2020 season and publish results in the Tri-State Potato Variety Trials report. Initiate program evaluation and planning. Review performance of entries from the 2020 trials, make cultivar release decisions, and identify clonal entries for the early and late-season trials to be conducted in 2021. Ship seed to all participants. Spring 2021: Organize and plant all 2021 variety and management trials, make decisions concerning seed increases and order plantlets. Identify, order, receive and cut seed tubers, plant and establish plots, initiate data collection. Analyze the effects of long-term storage on sugar content and fry color in entries from the 2020 trials. Conduct hybridizations among parents, vegetative propagation of promising breeding clones in vitro, germination of true potato seed and greenhouse transplanting of seedlings for production of 1st field generation (i.e., single hills).
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The following potato varieties were officially released by the Northwest Potato Variety Development (NWPVD) Program from 2015-2019: Pomerelle Russet, Mountain Gem Russet, Payette Russet, Targhee Russet, TerraRossa, Smilin Eyes, Echo Russet, Castle Russet, and La Belle Russet. Detailed information, including management guidelines for NWPVD cultivars were published on the PVMI websites: (www.pvmi.org). In 2019, 15 entries from the Aberdeen program were entered in advanced agronomic and processing trials in the Tri-State and Western Regional to assess their performance relative to industry standards. A total of eighteen breeding clones and varieties from our program were also entries in the 2019 National Fry Processing Trial (NFPT), which seeks to identify processing varieties having acceptable agronomic characteristics and low acrylamide that could be rapidly adopted by the U.S. potato processing industry. In addition, the breeding program is progressing in developing germplasm with genetic resistance to PVY, PVX, and PLRV, PMTV, late blight (foliar and tuber), nematodes, corky ringspot and zebra chip disease; for example, several entries in the NFPT in 2020 exhibited extreme resistance to PVY. New varieties will continue to be released in cooperation with the University of Idaho Nuclear Seed Program, private seed growers in the state, and the processing and fresh pack industries. Additional studies were conducted in 2019 to compare nitrogen use efficiency of 6 advanced selections from the breeding program with that of Russet Burbank. The efficiency of N fertilizer use for these new clones is substantially greater than standard varieties, ranging from 10-25% better than Russet Burbank. Studies were also conducted to determine optimal seed management practices, seed piece spacing, and nitrogen management guidelines for new and previously released Tri-State varieties. Phosphorus requirements of most of the new varieties were similar to or lower than those for Russet Burbank and Ranger Russet. Additional trials in 2020 will examine spatial arrangements of plants, potassium requirements of three varieties, and nitrogen use efficiency on advanced clones. Progress has continued in the development of potato varieties having resistance/tolerance to the tuber necrotic viruses, Potato mop-top virus (PMTV) and Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) responsible for corky ringspot disease. An Aberdeen-led Tri-State release having resistance/tolerance to both tuber necrotic viruses is Pomerelle Russet (Stark et al., 2018), with La Belle Russet (released in 2019) having resistance to PMTV. Payette Russet, a 2015 Tri-State release, also has moderate resistance to corky ringspot (CR) disease, whereas standard varieties are considered susceptible (Novy et al., 2017). In addition, the Aberdeen breeding program is progressing in the evaluation and identification of germplasm with genetic resistances to potato viruses X and Y (PVX, PVY), Potato leafroll virus (PLRV), late blight (foliar and tuber), potato cyst nematodes, Verticillium wilt (VW), zebra chip, and potato psyllid (the insect vector for Liberibacter responsible for zebra chip). Payette Russet is an example of our efforts in breeding for extreme virus resistance to all PVY strains (conferred by the Rysto gene). Payette also has resistance to late blight and common scab, and is moderately resistant to VW, early blight, and CR. In 2014, the Idaho program also began incorporating another unique PVY-resistance gene, Rychc, which confers extreme resistance to PVY from the Japanese breeding clone Saikai 35, via hybridizations. Molecular markers for Rychc (Mori et al., 2012) and for Ryadg and Rysto were utilized in the development of a multiplex marker assay (Elison et al., 2020) to expedite the efficiency of breeding for PVY resistance. Its use identified six russet breeding clones in our program having Rychc (in addition to Saikai 35) which previously had not been identified, thereby expediting the development of russet varieties having extreme resistance to PVY. Cold-sweetening resistance is also an objective of the program and Clearwater Russet, Payette Russet, and most recently, Galena Russet (to be released in 2020) are examples of our success in this area. The enhanced cold-sweetening resistance of Clearwater Russet contributed significantly to its recent approval by McDonald's for processing in the PNW. Genetic mapping and identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with tuber reducing sugars and fry color was also conducted with colleagues, with significant QTLs accounting for 24% and 46% of the total phenotypic variation for tuber glucose and fry color, respectively (Massa et al., 2018). More than 600 new crosses were made in OR with a primary objective of breeding for resistance to soil borne pathogens (CRKN, VW, PMTV and TRV) and PVY. As part of breeding for resistance to CRKN, we successfully finished developing whole genome sequence of wild potato species Solanum bulbocastanum clone SB22 that carries resistance to CRKN. The genomic data is public and can be accessed at http://solanum.cgrb.oregonstate.edu/cgi-bin/gb2/gbrowse/solanum/. Efforts are now underway to identify the set of SB22 genes that have conserved protein motifs consistent with known plant disease and pest resistance genes. In addition, three S. hougasii (6x) clones (PI283107hou-5mc, PI239423hou-8mc and PI1239424hou-2mc) that were previously identified by our group as resistant to CRKN were crossed with bulk russet pollen (Labelle Russet, Premier Russet, Dakota Trailblazer, and AO06191-1) and 25, 5X seeds were obtained. We are currently evaluating these seedling for resistance to CRKN. To develop genomic resources related to the pathogen, we sequenced the whole genomes for Meloidogyne chitwoodi race 1, race 2, and race 1 roza pathotypes using PacBio Sequencing. We are currently developing molecular markers to differentiate all these pathotypes of the nematode. In collaboration with USDA ARS/Prosser, we are mapping Corky ring spot resistance from Castle Russet. Initial association mapping using 48 seedlings identified SNPs in chromosome 9 closely associated with TRV resistance from Castle Russet. We developed simple sequence repeat (SSR) and high resolution melting (HRM) markers that link to resistance. We are currently validating these markers on a larger population of ~190 seedlings. We also developed a mapping population of ~250 clones (PA99N82-4 x AOR13260-3adg) to develop markers linked to tuber resistance to CRKN. As part of the international Potato PanGenome Consortium collaboration, the OR-led release, Castle Russet, was selected as one of six varieties to be sequenced for use in genetic and genomic research. In 2019, the Washington contingent conducted 45 phenotyping and management trials in the Columbia Basin including variety trials, stand establishment, fertility, intra- and inter-row spacing, heat and water stress, seed productivity, and plant growth regulator studies. Economic evaluations of Tri-State and Regional clones were completed and many clones produced higher returns than Russet Burbank, Russet Norkotah, and Ranger Russet. WSU researchers completed postharvest storage, processing quality, and culinary evaluations for samples of russet entries produced in the late season trials from all sites across the Tri-State region. Detailed results can be accessed at http://potatoes.wsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/2019-Potato-Cultivar-Yield-and-Postharvest-Quality-Evaluations.pdf . Additionally, the WSU postharvest group screened selected entries from the 2019 Regional Trial, along with parental and sibling clones from the Aberdeen breeding program, for tolerance to heat stress for retention of cold sweetening resistant phenotype. This information enables further work on the mechanism of heat tolerance and informs parental selection for tolerance to heat stress in breeding for LTS resistance.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Cruzado, R.K, Rashidi, M., Olsen, N., Novy, R.G., Wenninger, E.J., Bosque-Perez, N.A., Karasev, A., Price, W.J., and Rashed. A. 2020. Effect of the level of Lso infection on the development of Zebra Chip disease in different potato genotypes at harvest and post storage. PLoS ONE (In Press).
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Dandurand, L.M., Zasada, I.A., Wang, X., Mimee, B., De Jong, W., Novy, R., Whitworth, J. and Kuhl, J.C. 2019. Current status of potato cyst nematodes in North America. Annu. Rev. Phytopathology 57: 117-33.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Elison, G.L., Hall, D.G., Novy, R.G. and Whitworth, J.L. 2020. Development and application of a large-scale multiplex marker assay to detect PVY resistance sources in Solanum tuberosum. Am. J. of Potato Res (In Press).
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Ellis, G.D., Knowles, L.O. and Knowles, N.R. 2020. Developmental and postharvest physiological phenotypes of engineered potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) grown in the Columbia Basin. Field Crops Research 107775; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107775.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Ellis, G.D., Knowles, L.O. and Knowles, N.R. 2020. Increasing the production efficiency of potato with plant growth retardants. Am J Potato Res 97: 88-101.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Ellis, G.D., Knowles, L.O. and Knowles, N.R. 2019. Respiratory and low-temperature sweetening responses of fresh-cut potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers to low oxygen. Postharvest Biol Tech (online first: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2019.110937 ).
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Bali, S., K. Vining, C. Gleason, H. Majtahedi, C.R. Brown, V. Sathuvalli. 2019. Differential gene expression analysis provides insights into salicylic acid mediated resistance response to Meloidogyne chitwoodi derived from the Mexican wild potato species Solanum bulbocastanum. BMC Genomics 20 (1) 907 DOI:10.1186/s12864-019-6257-1.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Fulladolsa, A.C., A. Charkowski, X. Cai, J. Whitworth, S. Gray, and S. Jansky. 2019. Germplasm with Resistance to Potato virus Y Derived from Solanum chacoense: Clones M19 (397) and M20 (XD3). Am. J. of Potato Res 96: 390-395.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Fife, A.N., Cruzado, K., Rashed, A., Novy, R.G., and Wenninger, E.J. 2020. Potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) behavior on three potato genotypes with tolerance to Candidatus Liberibacter solancearum . Journal of Insect Science (In Press).
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Graebner, R.C., H. Chen, R.N. Contreras, K.G. Hayes, and V. Sathuvalli. 2019. Identification of high-frequency of triploid potato resulting from tetraploid x diploid crosses. HortScience 54:1159-116.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Huang, D., G. Yan, N. Gudmestad, W. Ye, J. Whitworth, K. Frost, W. Crow, and A. Hajihassani. 2019. Developing a one-step multiplex PCR assay for rapid detection of four stubby-root nematode species, Paratrichodorus allius, P. minor, P. porosus, and Trichodorus obtusus. Plant Disease 103: 404-410.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Quick, R.A., L. Cimrhakl, H. Mojtahedi, V. Sathuvalli, M.J. Feldman, C.R. Brown. 2020. Elimination of Tobacco rattle virus from viruliferous Paratribhodorus allius in greenhouse pot experiments through cultivation of Castle Russet. Journal of Nematology DOI:10.21307/jofnem-2020-011.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Schmitz Carley, C.A., Coombs, J.J., Clough, M.E., De Jong, W.S., Douches, D.S., Haynes, K.G., Higgins, C.R., Holm, D.G., Miller Jr. J.C., Navarro, F.M., Novy, R.G. Palta, J.P., Parish, D.L., Porter, G.A., Sathuvalli, V.R., Thompson, A.L., Yencho, G.C., Zotarelli, L. and Endelman, J.B. 2019. Genetic covariance of environments in the potato National Chip Processing Trial. Crop Science 58: 107-114.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Sharma, C., E. Chambers IV, S. Jayanty, V.R. Sathuvalli, D. Holm, M. Talavera. 2020. Development of a lexicon to describe the sensory characteristics of a wide variety of potato cultivars. Journal of Sensory Studies (In Press).
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Waxman, A., Stark, J., Thornton, M., Olsen, N., Guenthner, J. and Novy, R. 2019. The effect of harvest timing on French Fry textural quality of three processing potato varieties: Russet Burbank, Alpine Russet, and Clearwater Russet. Am. J. of Potato Res 96: 33-47.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Whitworth, J.L., R.A. Selstedt, A.A.G. Westra, P. Nolte, K. Duellman, S.K.R. Yellareddygari, and N.C. Gudmestad. 2019. Symptom Expression of Mainstream and Specialty Potato Cultivars to Bacterial Ring Rot (Clavibacter sepedonicus) and Evaluation of in-Field Detection. Am. J. of Potato Res 96 :427-444.
|