Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20
Outputs
Target Audience:Livestock producers, veterinarians, doctors, animal scientists, and nutritionists. Changes/Problems:This collaborative project is housed at the USDA-Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory and utilizes their animals. With the federal shutdown, due to CXOVID-19, the Ram project that was to be completed in 2020 was stopped. New weaned ram lambs were obtained in the Fall of 2020 and will be utilized for that objective upon reaching sexual maturity in 2021. Thus, the effect of COVID-19 on this project effectively delayed productivity by almost 8 months. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?This project currently does not have a graduate student. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?To ensure wide dissemination of the research data from the studies, results will be published in peer reviewed journals. This PI will use data from these studies and other previous studies in numerous local, state, regional, national, and international meeting presentations to scientists, producer groups, nutritionists, and veterinarians. These presentations cover elements of mineral excesses and deficiencies and their effects on livestock health and agricultural productivity. In 2020, the PI did 16 such meetings. At these meetings, the PI also takes advantage of questions regarding potential poisonous plants in given areas to provide data from those studies. The reproductive study will allow collection of data that can be utilized for the advisement of use or non-use of seleniferous forages in breeding animals. We will also be able to add to the literature regarding reproductive and nutritional effects of excess selenium. Utilization of the information from the studies could result in significant financial benefit to ranchers in seleniferous areas. This benefit would be in the form of management changes to improve overall reproductive performance. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?The COVID-19 shutdown of the USDA Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory collaborative studies in 2020 placed a significant delay in project objective accomplishments in 2020. Objective 1: Continue to performed investigations of potential plant poisoning cases, as cases become available that are suitable. And continue accumulation of data on mineral deficiencies and excesses. Objective 2: Re-start the dosing study in the rams in 2021. Objective 3: We will begin this project in late 2021 to early 2022. Objective 4: Continue to performed investigations of selenium and tremetol interaction. Objective 5: This is to be completed later in the project period. Objective 6. This is to be completed later in the project period.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Objective1: Identify potentially toxic plants for which needed data on toxicity is lacking. And, identify frequency of mineral excesses/deficiencies, as well as their adverse effects in livestock. Data is being gathered on mineral excesses and deficiencies from cases presented to the Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (UVDL). To date, high frequency of copper deficiencies (> 60% of herds have deficient animals found in them) has been identified in beef cattle and goat herds. A high frequency of excess copper (> 80% of herds tested have animals with excesses) and selenium (> 80% of herds tested have animals with excesses) is being encountered in mature dairy cattle, with deficiencies in both minerals occurring in replacement heifers and first lactation cows. High liver copper is also being identified in dairy calves. Geographically associated cases of selenium deficiency and excesses are observed in cattle, goats, and horses. Rarer cases of zinc deficiency are observed in horses and cattle. Through samples submitted to the UVDL, 7 different cases of lead poisoning in beef cattle were found in 2020. Herd testing of animals in the same environments found each herd to have between 1 and 5 additional animals that had high lead content, even though those animals were displaying no adverse clinical signs. A single case of selenium poisoning in pigs was diagnosed through samples submitted to the UVDL. Identification of the lead and selenium poisoning cases was critical in the prevention of contaminated animals entering the food chain. Objective 2: Determine the male reproductive toxicity and effects of differing chemical forms of excessive dietary selenium in an ovine model and estimate the risks posed to human and animal health. All of the purified chemical forms of selenium and the rams for this study had been obtained and the study was in its beginning phase when the USDA-PPRL stopped all research due to the COVID-19 shutdown. A new group of uniform young rams (40 animals) was procured in late 2020. The ram study for this objective will be performed in the Fall of 2021 as the rams reach sexual maturity. Objective 3: Determine the female reproductive toxicity and effects of plant derived excessive dietary selenium in a bovine model and estimate the risks posed to human and animal health. This is to be completed later in the project period. Objective 4: Identify the interactive risks of tremetol poisoning with selenium deficiency in a caprine model. Liver samples of tremetol dosed animals are still being tested for selenium content. To date, there appears to be a trend in that animals that are affected by tremetol have lower liver selenium content than ones at similar doses that have no effect. Objective5. Determine the female reproductive toxicity and effects of differing chemical forms of excessive dietary selenium in an ovine model and estimate the risks posed to human and animal health. This is to be completed later in the project period. Objective 6: Identify the adverse nutritional effects of excessive dietary selenium in an ovine model. This is to be completed later in the project period.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Conference Proceedings
Hall, J. O. (2020). Common Vitamin and Mineral Abnormalities in Beef Cattle. Proceedings publication for the North Dakota Veterinary Medical Association 2020 Winter Conference.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Conference Proceedings
Hall, J. O. (2020). Common Vitamin and Mineral Abnormalities in Dairy Cattle. Proceedings publication for the North Dakota Veterinary Medical Association 2020 Winter Conference.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Zinpro Performance Minerals Virtual Meeting on Copper in Dairy Cattle, "Copper Abnormalities Identified in Dairy Cattle Samples Submitted to the Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory," Zinpro Performance Minerals, Microsoft Teams Virtual Meeting. (October 30, 2020)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., NOVUS International- Dairy Advisory Group Meeting, "Vitamin/Mineral Problems, Diagnoses, and Economic Effects in Dairy Cattle of North America," NOVUS International- Dairy Advisory Group Meeting, Microsoft Teams Virtual Meeting. (October 27, 2020)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., 63rd Annual American Association Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians/124th annual USAHA Meeting - Committee on Environment and Toxicology, "Protein Overload/Poisoning in Ruminants: 3 Recent Cases," AAVLD/USAHA, Virtual Meeting. (October 14, 2020) 140, 1457
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Joint Huvepharma-Hubbard Feeds Cattle Producer Meeting, "Occurrence, Diagnosis, and Economic Impacts of Vitamin/Mineral Deficiencies in Cattle Herds of the North Central US," Huvepharma and Hubbard Feeds, Elgin, ND. (October 8, 2020)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Joint Huvepharma-Hubbard Feeds Cattle Producer Meeting, "Occurrence, Diagnosis, and Economic Impacts of Vitamin/Mineral Deficiencies in Cattle Herds of the North Central US," Huvepharma and Hubbard Feeds, St. Anthony, ND. (October 7, 2020)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Joint Huvepharma-Hubbard Feeds Cattle Producer Meeting, "Occurrence, Diagnosis, and Economic Impacts of Vitamin/Mineral Deficiencies in Cattle Herds of the North Central US," Huvepharma and Hubbard Feeds, Towner, ND. (October 6, 2020)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Conference Proceedings
Hall, J. O. (2020). Effects of Sulfur and Sulfates on Ruminant Health. Proceedings publication for the North Dakota Veterinary Medical Association 2020 Winter Conference.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., All Things Riomax� Meeting (Zoomlink Meeting), "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems, Causes, and Diagnoses in Beef Calves," Rio Nutrition, Redwood Falls, MN. (November 17, 2020)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Joint Huvepharma-Hubbard Feeds Cattle Producer Meeting, "Occurrence, Diagnosis, and Economic Impacts of Vitamin/Mineral Deficiencies in Cattle Herds of the North Central US," Huvepharma and Hubbard Feeds, Minot, ND. (October 5, 2020)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., CowBos Regional Dealer Meeting (Zoomlink Meeting), "Adverse Economic Impacts of Vitamin/Mineral Deficiencies in Cattle Herds of the Northwest US," CowBos, Virtual Meeting. (September 3, 2020)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Nutra-Lix Annual Dealer Meeting (Zoomlink Meeting), "Adverse Economic Impacts of Vitamin/Mineral Deficiencies in Cattle Herds of the Northwest US," Nutra-Lix Animal Nutrition, Virtual Meeting. (August 25, 2020)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Riomax� Pathways to Profit Cattlemens Meeting (Zoomlink Meeting), "Adverse Economic Impacts of Vitamin/Mineral Deficiencies in Cattle Herds of North America," Rio Nutrition, Redwood Falls, MN. (August 11, 2020)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Riomax� Virtual Rancher Roundtable Meeting (Zoomlink Meeting), "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems, Diagnoses, and Economic Impacts in Cattle Herds of North America," Rio Nutrition, Redwood Falls, MN. (April 28, 2020)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., North Dakota State University Extension Seminar - Cattle Mineral Nutrition for Producers (via Zoomlink), "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of North Dakota," North Dakota State University Extension, Hettinger, ND. (January 30, 2020)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Multi-min Cattle Producer Meeting, "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of North Dakota," Multi-min, New Salem, ND. (January 21, 2020)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., North Dakota Veterinary Medical Association 2020 Winter Conference, "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems, Diagnoses, and Economic Impacts in Cattle Herds of North Dakota," North Dakota Veterinary Medical Association, Dickinson, ND. (January 21, 2020)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., North Dakota Veterinary Medical Association 2020 Winter Conference - CE Training, "Standing Cattle Liver Biopsy Wet Laboratory Training," North Dakota Veterinary Medical Association, Dickinson, ND. (January 21, 2020 - January 21, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Boehringer Ingelheim Cattle First Veterinary CE Training, "Standing Cattle Liver Biopsy Wet Laboratory Training," Boehringer Ingelheim, Hettinger, ND. (January 20, 2020 - January 20, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Rio Nutrition Rancher Roundtable Meeting, "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems, Diagnoses, and Economic Impacts in Cattle Herds of North America," Rio Nutrition, Redwood Falls, MN. (January 14, 2020 - January 15, 2020)
|
Progress 07/01/19 to 09/30/19
Outputs
Target Audience:Livestock producers, veterinarians, doctors, animal scientists, and nutritionists. Changes/Problems:None What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?This project currently does not have a graduate student. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?To ensure wide dissemination of the research data from the studies, results will be published in peer reviewed journals. This PI will use data from these studies and other previous studies in numerous local, state, regional, national, and international meeting presentations to scientists, producer groups, nutritionists, and veterinarians. These presentations cover elements of mineral excesses and deficiencies and their effects on livestock health and agricultural productivity. Since July 1, 2019, the PI did 14 such meetings. At these meetings, the PI also takes advantage of questions regarding potential poisonous plants in given areas to provide data from those studies. The reproductive study will allow collection of data that can be utilized for the advisement of use or non-use of seleniferous forages in breeding animals. We will also be able to add to the literature regarding reproductive and nutritional effects of excess selenium. Utilization of the information from the studies could result in significant financial benefit to ranchers in seleniferous areas. This benefit would be in the form of management changes to improve overall reproductive performance. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Objective 1: Continue to performed investigations of potential plant poisoning cases, as cases become available that are suitable. And continue accumulation of data on mineral deficiencies and excesses. Objective 2: Continue the dosing study in the rams into 2020. Objective 3: We will begin this project in late 2020 to early 2021. Objective 4: Continue to performed investigations of selenium and tremetol interaction. Objective 5: This is to be completed later in the project period. Objective 6: This is to be completed later in the project period.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Objective 1: Identify potentially toxic plants for which needed data on toxicity is lacking. And, identify frequency of mineral excesses/deficiencies, as well as their adverse effects in livestock. Data is being gathered on mineral excesses and deficiencies from cases presented to the Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. To date, a high frequency of copper deficiencies have been identified in beef cattle and goats. A high frequency of excess copper and selenium is being encountered in mature dairy cattle, with deficiencies in both minerals occurring in replacement heifers. Geographically associated cases of selenium deficiency and excesses are frequently encountered. Rarer cases of zinc deficiency are observed in horses and cattle. Objective 2: Determine the male reproductive toxicity and effects of differing chemical forms of excessive dietary selenium in an ovine model and estimate the risks posed to human and animal health. All of the purified chemical forms of selenium and the rams for this study have been obtained. The study is in its initial phase. Objective 3: Determine the female reproductive toxicity and effects of plant derived excessive dietary selenium in a bovine model and estimate the risks posed to human and animal health. This is to be completed later in the project period. Objective 4: Identify the interactive risks of tremetol poisoning with selenium deficiency in a caprine model. Liver samples of tremetol dosed animals are being tested for selenium content. To date, there appears to be a trend in that animals that are affected by tremetol have lower liver selenium content than ones at similar doses that have no effect. Objective 5. Determine the female reproductive toxicity and effects of differing chemical forms of excessive dietary selenium in an ovine model and estimate the risks posed to human and animal health. This is to be completed later in the project period. Objective 6: Identify the adverse nutritional effects of excessive dietary selenium in an ovine model. This is to be completed later in the project period.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., South Dakota State University Extension Seminar - Cattle Mineral Nutrition for Producers (via Zoomlink), "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of North Dakota," South Dakota State University Extension, Dickenson, ND. (October 3, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., South Dakota State University Extension Seminar - Cattle Mineral Nutrition for Producers (via Zoomlink), "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of South Dakota," South Dakota State University Extension, Hot Springs, SD. (September 27, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Crazy Mountain Veterinary Clinic/Merck Animal Health - Cattle Producer Meeting, "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of South Central, MT.," Merck Animal Health, Harlowton, MT. (August 13, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Sugar Factory Veterinary Clinic/Merck Animal Health - Cattle Producer Meeting, "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of Southeastern, MT.," Merck Animal Health, Harden, MT. (August 12, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Conference Proceedings
Hall, J. O. (2019). Blue-Green Algae Poisoning in Livestock. Proceedings publication for the Kansas State University/Kansas Veterinary Medical Association 2019 Fall Kansas Veterinary Convention.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Conference Proceedings
Hall, J. O. (2019). Common Vitamin and Mineral Abnormalities in Beef Cattle. Proceedings publication for the Kansas State University/Kansas Veterinary Medical Association 2019 Fall Kansas Veterinary Convention
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Conference Proceedings
Hall, J. O. (2019). Common Vitamin and Mineral Abnormalities in Dairy Cattle. Proceedings publication for the Kansas State University/Kansas Veterinary Medical Association 2019 Fall Kansas Veterinary Convention.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Conference Proceedings
Hall, J. O. (2019). Effects of Sulfur and Sulfates on Ruminant Health. Proceedings publication for the Kansas State University/Kansas Veterinary Medical Association 2019 Fall Kansas Veterinary Convention.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Conference Proceedings
Hall, J. O. (2019). Ionophore Poisoning in Horses and Ruminants. Proceedings publication for the Kansas State University/Kansas Veterinary Medical Association 2019 Fall Kansas Veterinary Convention.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Kansas State University/Kansas Veterinary Medical Association 2019 Fall Kansas Veterinary Convention, "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of Kansas," Kansas State University/Kansas Veterinary Medical Association, Manhattan, KS. (November 8, 2019 - November 10, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Wetonka Veterinary Services - Boehringer Ingelheim Cattle First Veterinary CE Training, "Standing Cattle Liver Biopsy Wet Laboratory Training," Boehringer Ingelheim, Wetonka, SD. (October 23, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Animal Health Clinic - Boehringer Ingelheim Cattle First Veterinary CE Training, "Standing Cattle Liver Biopsy Wet Laboratory Training," Boehringer Ingelheim, Cresbard, SD. (October 22, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Boehringer Ingelheims Cattle First - Cattle Producer Meeting, "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of South Dakota," Boehringer Ingelheim, Cresbard, SD. (October 22, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Boehringer Ingelheims Cattle First - Cattle Producer Meeting, "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of South Dakota," Boehringer Ingelheim, Wessington, SD. (October 21, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Animal Health Clinic - Boehringer Ingelheim Cattle First Veterinary CE Training, "Standing Cattle Liver Biopsy Wet Laboratory Training," Boehringer Ingelheim, LaGrande, OR. (October 16, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Boehringer Ingelheim Keeping Calves Healthy - Cattle Producer Meeting, "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of West-Central Idaho," Boehringer Ingelheim, Homedale, ID. (October 16, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Boehringer Ingelheim Keeping Calves Healthy - Cattle Producer Meeting, "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of Eastern Oregon," Boehringer Ingelheim, LaGrande, OR. (October 15, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., CowBos - Cattle Producer Meeting, "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of North Dakota," CowBos, Mandan, ND. (October 10, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., 2019 North Dakota Soil and Water Conservation Society Annual Conference, "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of North Dakota," North Dakota Soil and Water Conservation Society, Bismarck, ND. (October 9, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Hubbard Feeds - Cattle Producer Meeting, "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of North Dakota," Hubbard Feeds - Cattle Producer Meeting, Towner, ND. (October 8, 2019)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Presentations
Hall, J. O., Sheridan Animal Hospital Fall Producer Meeting, "Common Vitamin/Mineral Problems and Diagnoses in Cattle Herds of North Dakota," Sheridan Animal Hospital, Harvey, ND. (October 7, 2019)
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