Progress 10/01/20 to 09/30/21
Outputs Target Audience:We sought to reach a diverse target audience. Individual stakeholders were contacted directly through outreach presentations, web blogs, and surveys targeting science-based organizations, non-governmental organizations, and the public. We will also use project deliverables to aid in the development and delivery of credit and non-credit courses, including study abroad programs, seminars, workshops related to fisheries ecology and management, and a fisheries fellows program in concert with partners at local and global levels related to the fisheries supply chain. We will share our results with state and federal agencies, non-profit organizations, and other researchers through presentations at academic conferences, peerreviewed journal articles, and books. Additional outreach will include serving as a liaison between other governmental and non-governmental organizations; linking University programs to the public and fisheries governance organizations; and enhancing Michigan State University's level of interaction and reputation at local, state, national, and international levels. Changes/Problems:No major changes or problems were encountered. There were multiple opportunities for training and professional development, including education of graduate students and postdoctoral researchers. Results were communicated to communities of interest via peer-reviewed journal articles, popular articles, conference presentations, and extension talks to relevant stakeholder groups. Research is on schedule as planned, and continued progress will be made via the above information delivery mechanisms. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Professional development (Kelly Millenbah, Associate Dean of College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, MSU; Andrew Carlson, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Princeton University and Ph.D. graduate of William Taylor's lab at MSU). Graduate student training (Andrew Carlson, So-Jung Youn, Molly Good, Betsy Riley, Julia Whyte, MSU). How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The outcomes of this project have been disseminated in multiple ways, including peer-reviewed publications, information videos (https://vimeo.com/332321793), decision-support tools (https://goo.gl/pM1ug7), and research blogs (https://fishingforhabitat.wordpress.com). Research results were also presented at scientific conferences and meetings with public stakeholders (e.g., Red Cedar Fly Fishers, St. Joe River Valley Fly Fishers). We have also communicated research results via popular publications and interactions with state, tribal, and federal management agencies. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will complete additional manuscripts exploring state fisheries administrators' and AFSGB members' perceptions of the Ten Steps to Responsible Inland Fisheries and related topics. The target journal for this manuscript will be Fisheries, given our positive experience in publishing the latest iteration of our NC1189 activities in this outlet. In addition, we will continue work on our companion NIFA project ("Evaluating Fisheries as Coupled Human and Natural Systems for Fisheries Sustainability"), which will help achieve the objectives of both projects related to social-ecological integration, resilience, and sustainability. In addition, Dr. Taylor will continue to advise two remaining Ph.D. students (So-Jung Youn, Molly Good) on value chain dynamics of Lake Whitefish and fisheries law enforcement in the Great Lakes, respectively -research that supports the goal of this project.
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
Goal (1): We created a coupled human and natural systems research framework to evaluate the effects of climate change and invasive species in freshwater ecosystems in a manner that promotes the purpose of the Hatch Act to conduct agricultural research. For example, climate change effects on fisheries include changes that operate indirectly through land use factors (e.g., hydrology, soil conservation), leading to important linkages between climate, agricultural land use, and fisheries. Similarly, invasive species can impact valued native fish populations by affecting nutrient dynamics in aquatic systems, exacerbating the effects of agricultural runoff, or by altering stocking program decisions for hatchery-raised fish (i.e., 'public aquaculture'). Recently, we completed surveys of fisheries professionals regarding their perceptions of the Ten Steps to Responsible Inland Fisheries, a set of recommendations for local, regional, and global inland fisheries conservation developed at the Global Conference on Inland Fisheries held in Rome, Italy in 2015. In particular, we surveyed state fisheries agency lead administrators (e.g., directors, chiefs) in the 50 U.S. states and American Fisheries Society Governing Board (AFSGB) members (n = 29), two sets of key decision makers in U.S. fisheries management. This paper serves as a follow-up to our recent, highly visible publication in Fisheries (Carlson et al. 2019) in which we surveyed state fisheries chiefs and Agricultural Experiment Station (AES) Directors regarding their perceptions of the effects of climate change and invasive species effects on freshwater ecosystems. In the Ten Steps surveys, we asked administrators and AFSGB members about the importance of the Ten Steps for their personal job duties and for global advancement of inland fisheries science, management, and governance. In addition, we gauged their perceptions of how the Ten Steps are currently being prioritized and funded both in the state where they primarily work and across the fisheries profession, and their perception of each Step's overall achievability (i.e., relative ease/difficulty of accomplishment). Optional questions allowed fisheries administrators and AFSGB members to describe any additions they would make to the Ten Steps; explain why they perceived some Steps to be more important than others relative to their job duties and global advancement of inland fisheries science, management, anda full-length manuscript written by NC1189 team members, with Fisheries as the target journal. Ultimately, survey results will be valuable for prioritizing topics for inland fisheries research and better managing and conserving inland fisheries in a rapidly changing world. Our hope is that this study demonstrates the importance of the Ten Steps for advancing inland fisheries research, management, and governance while fostering mechanisms for doing so, with the overall goal of giving inland fisheries a voice when policymakers make decisions that impact their viability and productivity. As a follow-up to our previous research on the effects of climate change on inland fisheries, we continued developing novel approaches for modeling water temperatures in coldwater trout streams. Building on the work of research on groundwater dynamics in trout streams of the eastern U.S., we adapted previous models to accommodate the unique groundwater conditions of Michigan (e.g., high variability in groundwater to surface runoff-dominance throughout the state). We also added a new mathematical procedure for estimating the effects of precipitation (and climate change-induced precipitation modifications) on stream temperature and trout thermal habitat suitability. This research is published in the journal Ecology of Freshwater Fish (Carlson et al. 2020) and demonstrates how relatively straightforward adjustments to air-stream temperature models can greatly improve model accuracy and ultimately the effectiveness of trout thermal habitat management programs. Models indicated that trout populations in surface runoff-dominated streams with limited groundwater-driven thermal buffering will be more vulnerable to climate change effects (e.g., reduced growth and survival) than populations in groundwaterdominated streams. Even so, our research suggests that groundwater-dominated streams will not inevitably supply coldwater habitats for thermally sensitive fishes like trout, particularly if groundwater temperatures warm or groundwater inputs decline in a changing climate. Overall, our stream temperature modeling approach provides fisheries managers with a reliable tool for understanding how precipitation and groundwater affect the trout populations they manage, allowing for more informed fisheries management programs in a changing climate. In addition to stream temperature research, we studied socialecological connections in multiple fisheries systems using recently developed tools for investigating coupled human and natural systems (e.g., metacoupling, telecoupling). These papers (Carlson et al. 2019, 2020a,b,c, Taylor et al. 2019) and our related publications lay a foundation for managing fisheries as multiscalar human-natural systems spanning local, regional, and global scales. Goal (2): As described above, we published a paper in Fisheries about fisheries managers' and AES Directors' perceptions of the effects of climate change and invasive species on inland fisheries. This manuscript has been well-received and fostered thoughtful discussion about the role of state fisheries agencies in combating climate change and invasive species. For instance, although it is understandable that fisheries agencies would prioritize mitigation of relatively short-term, easy-tocontrol stressors (as our results indicated), we've been encouraged to hear from fisheries managers how "thought-provoking" and "provocative" our manuscript was in terms of helping them begin to manage, and adapt to, longer-term and larger-scale issues such as climate change. In addition, our ongoing Ten Steps manuscript is relevant for Goal 2 because the Ten Steps specifically address climate change and invasive species (i.e., specific subjects of this project) as well as other aspects of sustainable inland fisheries management (e.g., aquaculture, food security, equity and rights of stakeholders). Because progress toward achieving the Ten Steps has scarcely been measured to date, our manuscript will serve as a critical benchmark for understanding how each Step is currently being addressed and developing strategies to continually raise the profile of inland fisheries locally, regionally, and globally. Goal (3): We published a paper in Fisheries that directly determined the socioeconomic and environmental factors regulating how state fisheries agency chiefs and AES directors respond to climate change and invasive species and the likely consequences of those responses for inland fisheries and aquatic resource management. This research helps researchers understand how fisheries managers make decisions for fisheries and aquatic resource conservation, much like it helps managers maximize the efficacy of their efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change, invasive species, and other stressors. In much the same way, ongoing analysis of state fisheries administrators' and AFSGB members' perceptions of the Ten Steps will enable us to determine how leaders in the fisheries research and management community render decisions regarding climate change, invasive species, and a host of other fisheries stressors. In turn, this information will promote the development of socioeconomically, ecologically informed strategies for achieving the Ten Steps and thereby conserving inland fisheries and aquatic resources for current and future generations.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Carlson, A. K., W. W. Taylor, M. R. Cronin, M. J. Eaton, L. E. Eckert, M. A. Kaemingk, A. J. Reid, A. Trudeau. 2020. A social-ecological odyssey in fisheries and wildlife management. Fisheries 45(5):238243.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Carlson, A. K., W. W. Taylor, D. M. Infante. 2020. Modelling effects of climate change on Michigan brown trout and rainbow trout: precipitation and groundwater as key predictors. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 29(3):433449.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Carlson, A. K., W. W. Taylor, D. I. Rubenstein, S. A. Levin, J. Liu. 2020. Global marine fishing across space and time. Sustainability 12(11):471
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Twardek, W. M., I. G. Cowx, N. Lapointe, C. Paukert, T. D. Beard, E. M. Bennett, D. Browne, A. K. Carlson, K. D. Clarke, Z. Hogan, K. Lorenzen, A. J. Lynch, P. B. McIntyre, P. Pompeu, M. Rogers, A. Sakas, W. W. Taylor, T. D. Ward, Z. Basher, and S. J. Cooke. In press. Bright spots for inland fish and fisheries to guide future hydropower development. Water Biology and Security.
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Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20
Outputs Target Audience:Fisheries scientists, policy-makers, managers, and other relevant stakeholders. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Developing skills of graduate students. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results will be disseminated through publications, seminars, and workshops. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Using the methodology outlined in our proposal, we plan to conduct field and laboratory studies addressing the ways in which fisheries function as coupled human and natural systems (CHANS) and how these couplings affect the productivity and sustainbility of fisheries resources. The results from these studies will then be used to supportfisheries management tools and policies that improve food security, nutirtion, and livelihoods supported by inland freshwater fisheries.
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
Human health and livelihoods are threatened by declining marine fisheries catches, causing substantial interest in the sources and dynamics of fishing. Catch analyses in individual exclusive economic zones (EEZs) and the high seas are abundant, and research across multiple EEZs is growing. However, no previous studies have systematically compared catches, intranational versus international fish flows, and fishing nations within all of the world's EEZs and across adjacent and distant EEZs and the high seas to inform "metacoupled" fisheries management. We use the metacoupling framework--a new approach for evaluating human-nature interactions within and across adjacent and distant systems (metacouplings)--to illustrate how fisheries catches were locally, regionally, and globally interconnected in 1950-2014, totaling 5.8 billion metric tons and increasing by 298% (tonnage) and 431% (monetary value) over this time period. Catches by nations in their own EEZs (largest in Peru) and adjacent EEZs (largest in Indonesia) constituted 86% of worldwide catches, growing in 1950-1996 but declining in 1997-2014. In contrast, catches in distant EEZs and the high seas--largest in Morocco, Mauritania, and Canada--peaked in 1973 and have since represented 9-21% of annual catches. Our 65-year, local-regional-global analysis illustrates how metacoupled fisheries governance--holistic management of multiscalar catches, flows, and tradeo s within and among fisheries--can improve food and nutrition security, livelihood resilience, and biodiversity conservation across the world
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Lynch, A. J., D. M. Bartley, T. D. Beard, Jr., D. B. Bunnell, S. J. Cooke, I. G. Cowx, S. Funge-Smith, C. P. Paukert, M. W. Rogers, W. W. Taylor. 2020. InFish: A research network to promote global conservation and responsible use of inland fish. Fisheries. 45(6): 319-326.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Lynch, A. J., D. M. Bartley, T. D. Beard, Jr., I. G. Cowx, S. Funge-Smith, W. W. Taylor, S. J. Cooke. 2020. Examining progress toward achieving the Ten Steps of the Rome Declaration on Responsible Inland Fisheries. Fish and Fisheries. 21:190-203.
- Type:
Books
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Taylor, W. W., Carlson, A., Bennett, A., and Ferreri, C. P. (eds). 2020. Lessons in leadership: Integrating courage, vision, and innovation for the future of sustainable fisheries. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Carlson, A. K., W. W. Taylor, M. R. Cronin, M. J. Eaton, L. E. Eckert, M. A. Kaemingk, A. J. Reid, A. Trudeau. 2020. A social-ecological odyssey in fisheries and wildlife management. Fisheries 45:238243.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Carlson, A. K., W. W. Taylor, D. I. Rubenstein, S. A. Levin, J. Liu. 2020. Global marine fishing across space and time. Sustainability 12:4714.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Carlson, A. K., W. W. Taylor, J. Liu. 2019. Using the telecoupling framework to improve Great Lakes fisheries sustainability. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 22:342-354.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Taylor, W. W., A. K. Carlson, A. Bennett, D. M. Infante, N. J. Leonard, S. M. Hughes, J. Liu. 2019. Assessing the importance of riverine fisheries as metacoupled human and natural systems. 6th Biennial Symposium of the International Society for River Science. Vienna, Austria.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Carlson, A. K., W. W. Taylor, J. Liu. 2019. Metacoupled fisheries: integrating ecosystems and human systems across space and time to enhance fisheries management. American Fisheries Society & The Wildlife Society 2019 Joint Annual Conference.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Taylor, W. W., A. K. Carlson, A. Bennett, J. Liu, M. J. Good. 2019. Evaluating Great Lakes fisheries ecosystems as coupled human and natural systems (CHANS). American Fisheries Society & The Wildlife Society 2019 Joint Annual Conference.
- Type:
Books
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Krueger, C. C., Taylor, W. W., and Youn, S. (eds). 2019. From catastrophe to recovery: Stories of fishery management success. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Taylor, W.W., Good, M.J., Carlson, A.K., Scholze, T., Triezenberg, H.A., and R. Lambe. 2019. The changing face of Great Lakes fisheries. Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management 22(3): 355-367.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Keeler, K.M., T.R. Tucker, C. Mayer, W.W. Taylor, and E.F. Roseman. 2019. A comprehensive review of the zooplankton within the St. Clair-Detroit River System. Journal of Great Lakes Research 45: 888-900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2019.07.010.
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Progress 07/01/19 to 09/30/19
Outputs Target Audience:Although this project is in its initial stages (i.e., it was approved 07/1/2019), we plan to contact numerous stakeholders to achieve the project's goals. For instance, we plan to communicate with fisheries stakeholders (e.g., anglers, commercial fishers, charter boat captains, fisheries biologists) via scientific and technical articles, outreach presentations, videos, web blogs, and survey instruments. We also hope to use project deliverables to aid in the development and delivery of credit and non-credit courses, including study abroad programs, seminars, workshops related to fisheries ecology and management, and a fisheries fellows program in concert with partners at local and global levels related to the fisheries supply chain. We will share our results with state and federal agencies, non-profit organizations, and other researchers through presentations at academic conferences, peer-reviewed journal articles, and books. Additional outreach will include serving as a liaison between other governmental and non-governmental organizations; linking Michigan State University programs to the public and fisheries governance organizations; and enhancing Michigan State University's level of interaction and reputation at local, state, national, and international levels. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Professional development (Kelly Millenbah, Associate Dean of College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, MSU; Andrew Carlson, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Princeton University and Ph.D. graduate of William Taylor's lab at MSU). Graduate student training (Andrew Carlson, So-Jung Youn, Molly Good, Betsy Riley, Julia Whyte, MSU). How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The outcomes of this new project have been disseminated in multiple ways, including peer-reviewed publications (e.g., Taylor et al. 2019, Carlson et al. 2019, see above) and scientific and popular presentations. We plan to expand communication media to include informational videos, decision-support tools, and/or research blogs. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will pursue the goal of this project to understand the CHANS structure and function of fisheries by continuing to apply CHANS research methods within and beyond the Great Lakes. For instance, we are currently evaluating telecoupling and smaller-scale couplings (e.g., intracouplings [within individual systems]) in Michigan's stream trout fisheries. We are also evaluating metacouplings in marine fisheries throughout the world's oceans. In addition to the scientific work necessary to make this project a success, we will continue to engage fisheries stakeholders of all kinds to inform them about our work. After all, CHANS research will scarcely achieve its goals without the knowledge, acceptance, and engagement of the people that comprise CHANS. We hope to build this public knowledge and engagement by writing peer-reviewed and popular articles, giving scientific and non-technical talks to public audiences, and developing informational videos, decision-support tools, and/or research blogs.
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
In the last few months since this project was initiated, we have made progress toward achieving the overarching goal of understanding how fisheries function as CHANS. For instance, we applied a novel tool for CHANS research (the telecoupling framework) to understand the systems, flows, agents, causes, and effects associated with the historical development (and current status) of the Great Lakes salmonine fishery (see Carlson et al. 2019 above). Briefly, "telecoupling" describes social-ecological interactions over distances such as flows of fish, money, information, people, etc. within and beyond the Great Lakes basin. Applying the telecoupling framework to the Great Lakes salmonine (i.e., Chinook Salmon, Coho Salmon) fishery allowed us to understand the causes (e.g., decline of commercial fisheries, rising incomes and greater leisure time for recreational fishing) and effects (e.g., salmonine stocking, creation of angling- and tourism-based economies) explaining the salmonine fishery's development and current structure. We believe that telecoupling is a critical concept for fisheries professionals to consider because it fosters holistic knowledge of fisheries systems and explains the occasional hindrances to fisheries management produced by long-distance social-ecological interactions. For instance, salmonine stocking in the Great Lakes has spread fish diseases and parasites to new areas and changed fish community structure and genetic integrity, all of which impede fisheries management to some degree. Overall, professionals in fisheries and allied disciplines will benefit from using the telecoupling framework to optimize favorable and reduce unfavorable "telecouplings" and thereby enhance fisheries management programs. In another subproject related to this overall initiative, we examined how the Great Lakes have changed in multiple ecological and social ways as a result of complex human-nature interactions (see Taylor et al. 2019 above). For instance, invasive species and climate change have fundamentally altered Great Lakes ecosystems and social-ecological systems, thereby influencing the well-being of coastal communities that rely on the ecosystem services that fisheries provide. The paper cited above makes a key contribution to the literature in providing specific recommendations for navigating the "changing face" of the Great Lakes to ensure that ecosystems and human systems are managed sustainably in perpetuity. For instance, the paper explains the importance of developing better ecosystem-based resource monitoring systems and better communicating the value of fisheries (e.g., food, recreation, quality of life) in public and policy arenas. Overall, this subproject lays a foundation for conserving Great Lakes fisheries and their invaluable contributions to human well-being by providing tools necessary for building productive, well-governed, and well-balanced fisheries. We continue to make progress toward our overarching goal of understanding the structure and function of fisheries CHANS by applying the telecoupling framework to new fisheries systems, advancing a related (and more spatially comprehensive) framework (i.e., metacoupling), and publishing peer-reviewed papers and delivering scientific and popular presentations related to these topics.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Carlson, A. K., W. W. Taylor, J. Liu. 2019. Using the telecoupling framework to improve Great Lakes fisheries sustainability. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Taylor, W. W., M. J. Good, A. K. Carlson, T. Scholze, H. A. Triezenberg, R. Lambe. 2019. The changing face of Great Lakes fisheries. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management.
- Type:
Books
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Taylor, W. W., A. K. Carlson, A. Bennett, A.J. Lynch, C.P. Fereri. Book in preparation. Lessons in Leadership: Integrating Courage, Vision, and Innovation for the Future of Sustainable Fisheries. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Carlson, A. K., W. W. Taylor, J. Liu. 2019. Metacoupled fisheries: integrating ecosystems and human systems across space and time to enhance fisheries management. American Fisheries Society & The Wildlife Society 2019 Joint Annual Conference.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Taylor, W. W., A. K. Carlson, A. Bennett, J. Liu, M. J. Good. 2019. Evaluating Great Lakes fisheries ecosystems as coupled human and natural systems (CHANS). American Fisheries Society & The Wildlife Society 2019 Joint Annual Conference.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Taylor, W. W., A. K. Carlson, A. Bennett, D. M. Infante, N. J. Leonard, S. M. Hughes, J. Liu. 2019. Assessing the importance of riverine fisheries as metacoupled human and natural systems. 6th Biennial Symposium of the International Society for River Science. Vienna, Austria.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Carlson, A. K., W. W. Taylor, Z. Basher, T. Douglas Beard, Jr., D. M. Infante. 2019. Use of precipitation- and groundwater-corrected water temperature models to predict effects of environmental change on stream salmonids. Advances in the Population Ecology of Stream Salmonids V. Granada, Spain.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Carlson, A. K., W. W. Taylor, J. Liu, A. Bennett. 2019. Stream salmonid fisheries as coupled human and natural systems. Advances in the Population Ecology of Stream Salmonids V. Granada, Spain.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Carlson, A. K., W. W. Taylor, T. Douglas Beard, Jr., D. M. Infante. 2019. Using decision-support tools to enhance stream trout management amid climate change. Annual meeting of the Michigan Chapters of The Wildlife Society and the American Fisheries Society. Gaylord, Michigan.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Carlson, A. K., W. W. Taylor, T. Douglas Beard, Jr., D. M. Infante. 2019. Science to action: decision-support to advance stream trout management in a changing climate. 79th Annual Midwest Fish and Wildlife Conference. Cleveland, Ohio.
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