Progress 05/15/22 to 05/14/23
Outputs
Target Audience:Shan Xue, a PhD student at New Jersey Institute of Technology under the project's PI, Dr. Wen Zhang, has been trained and engaged in this project. She gave an oral presentation on nanobubbles application in plant growth improvement in 2022 International Conference on Nanobubbles, Nanodroplets and their Applications. The conference aims to provide up-to-date information on latest experimental data and phenomena, new insights from theory and modeling, advanced nanomaterial characterization techniques as well as exciting applications of nanobubbles and nanodroplets. These applications include, but are not limited to the fields of biology, environmental protection/remediation as well as medicine. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?5.1. The training and professional development The project has allowed PhD student Shan Xue from the New Jersey Institute of Technology to work as a research assistant in Dr. Zhang's lab. During this reporting period, she had an NTA training at Professor Zhang's laboratory. In addition, through her work in the lab, she has gained more skills in conducting literature reviews, writing research grant applications, and communicating results in a seminar. This project has also allowed Thu Le, a PhD student at the University of Michigan, to work as a research assistant in Dr. Xi's lab. During this reporting period, she has gained skills in analyzing multi-dimensional DNA sequencing data and microbial community data, and was trained to use bioinformatic tools including mothur, FAPROTAX, and LEfSe. 5.2. Research-based curriculum and learning activities development New course modules were developed to motivate undergraduates and graduates in STEM education by incorporating the sustainability principles and concepts through elucidating and demonstrating sustainable chemistry, nanobubbles technologies for water treatment, contaminants of emerging concern (CEC), and colloidal chemistry fundamentals. The new teaching modules have been integrated into the existing courses (ENE 262: Introduction to Environmental Engineering and ENE 661: Environmental Microbiology). Besides the new teaching modules in these two courses, we provided at least one lab session per semester incorporating the assessment of the germicidal effect of NBs for water disinfection. 5.3. Research experiences for high school student and undergraduate PI Zhang established new research and education opportunities to train and mentor a undergraduate student, John Bitlisli majored in Civil Engineering at NJIT, and one graduate student Dafina Djombalic in Environmental Engineering at NJIT. In this project, students learnt essential laboratory skills such as testing pH, DO and conductivity of water samples, plant and soil enzyme analysis. They also learned about nanobubbles generation processes. In addition, they have gained more skills in conducting literature reviews and writing research papers. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?As elaborated in the descriptions of the target audiences, our research team members have presented results to different groups of audiences via conferences. Moreover, Wen Zhang's group at NJIT works with NJDEP and other collaborators, Meadowlands Environmental Research Institute (MERI) and BRISEA Inc., to design and demonstrate a mobile floating microbubble aeration platform to mechanically remove and mitigate harmful algal blooms (HABs) in New Jersey lakes. The purged air micro-nano bubbles in the air flotation process are also aimed to replenish water with dissolved oxygen that may abate anoxia and hypoxia. Thu Le, a member of Dr. Xi's group at the University of Michigan, also gave presentations to students and professors at the University of Michigan's Integrated Training in Microbial System program and Environmental Health Sciences Department on the effects of nanobubbles on bacterial biofilm in the tap water distribution system. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?This is the last annual report for this project.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
During this reporting period, Dr. Xi's lab accomplished part of objective 4: evaluating the microbial community level effect of NBs on biofilm/microbiome in water, soil and rhizosphere. We extracted bacterial DNA and RNA from soil and tomato plant rhizosphere treated with DI water or different types of NB water (O2, and N2 NBs). Then, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed, and the data analyzed to identify changes in the soil microbial community structures and functions associated with different irrigation durations and different NB types.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Yihan Zhang, Shan Xue, Wen Zhang*. Nanobubble Water Flow Affects Soil Pollutant Release , Under review by the journal of Nanomaterials
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba, and Wen Zhang. * Mechanisms of Nanobubbles and Soil Interactions in Enhanced Plant Growth , Under review by the journal of ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Shan Xue, Thu Le, Chuanwu Xi, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang,Mechanisms of Nanobubbles and Soil Interactions in Enhanced Plant Growth, Nanobubble 2022, Magdeburg, Germany, 09/2022
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Wen Zhang. Generation, Properties and Applications of Oxygen Nanobubbles in Aeration. Thursday, February 23, at 1:30 PM Eastern, Hosted by HORIBA Scientific.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Wen Zhang. Nanotechnology-enabled Materials and Processes for Sustainable Pollution Mitigation. at Oregon State University (OSU) on 01/09/2023.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Wen Zhang. Characterization of Colloidal, Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties of Nanobubbles in Water and Engineering Applications. Department Seminar Talk (Webinar) at Hehai University. 2022-12-15
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
5. Wen Zhang. Enabling sustainable agricultural irrigation and food disinfection to mitigate climate change impacts. Invited talk at Regional Symposium on Climate Change, Planetary, and Human Health Challenges and Opportunities on 10/28/2022, Rutgers University-Cook Campus, Cook Student Center (CSC)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Wen Zhang. Characterization of Colloidal, Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties of Nanobubbles in Water. NANOBUBBLE 2022, Conference on Nanobubbles, Nanodroplets and their Applications, September18-21, 2022, Magdeburg, Germany
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Wen Zhang. Characterization of Colloidal, Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties of Nanobubbles in Water. Invited talk at International Symposium on Plasma & Fine Bubbles (virtual meeting). 2022-08-22
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Wen Zhang. Bubble Size Dependent Dissolution of Oxygen Nanobubbles and Impacts on Agricultural and Environmental Applications. Crow Hall at Washington University in Saint Louis. 2022 AEESP Conference. June 29, 2022
|
Progress 05/15/19 to 05/07/23
Outputs
Target Audience:This project's PI, Wen Zhang, led his research team and presented the results to the audience group of researchers in agriculture and environmental science, practitioners of farms and nanobubble analytical or generator companies. Significant and valuable feedbacks were obtained and aided in the research of nanobubbles for agricultural irrigation and soil nutrient conditioning. For example, Shan Xue, a PhD student at New Jersey Institute of Technology under the project's PI, Dr. Wen Zhang, has been trained and engaged in this project and attended a number of conferences such as the 2021 New Jersey Site Remediation Conference and presented Nanobubble Technology for Soil Remediation and Pollutant Removal to audiences from remediation industries. In 2022 NJIT Dana Knox Student Research Showcase, she gave a presentation to NJIT's faculty and students and external guests about the application of nanobubbles on the improvement of plant growth to increase agricultural productivity. She also delivered a talk in ACS National Meeting & Expo (2021 Fall) and Eastern Analytical Symposium & Exposition (2020 and 2021) on nanobubble technology. The Eastern Analytical Symposium attracted over 2000 scientists of analytical chemistry and other disciplines. In addition, she gave an oral presentation on nanobubbles application in plant growth improvement in 2022 International Conference on Nanobubbles, Nanodroplets and their Applications. The conference aims to provide up-to-date information on latest experimental data and phenomena, new insight from theory and modeling, advanced nanocharacterization techniques as well as exciting applications of nanobubbles and nanodroplets. These applications include, but are not limited to the fields of biology, environmental protection/remediation as well as medicine. Thu Le, a PhD student at University of Michigan under the project's Co-PI, Dr. Chuanwu Xi, has also been working on this project with efforts on microbiome analysis. She gave a presentation to a group of professors and graduate students in the Environmental Health Sciences Department (School of Public Health, University of Michigan) in a doctoral seminar about the potentials of micro- and nanobubbles to remove biofilm from the drinking water distribution system and to increase agricultural productivity. This presentation also included the methods and preliminary results of her experiments on the effects of micro- and nanobubbles on E. coli biofilm in flow cells (a model for water pipes) and biofilm reactors (a model for water storage tanks). She also gave a presentation to a group of professors and students in the Integrated Training in Microbial Systems (ITiMS) program at the University of Michigan about how oxygen nanobubble water affects the microbial community composition in soil. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?5.1. The training and professional development The project has allowed PhD student Shan Xue from the New Jersey Institute of Technology to work as a research assistant in Dr. Zhang's lab. During this reporting period, she had an NTA training at Brookhaven national laboratory with the support of this project. She also had an AFM-IR training at University of Delaware with the support of this project. Moreover, she was trained to use AFM-SECM at York center at New Jersey Institute of Technology for the following experiment to measure the electrochemical activity of rhizobacteria and plant cell surface. She also learned how to measure the hydrodynamic diameter (distribution) and zeta potential (ZP) of NBs with dynamic light scattering (DLS) Zetasizer Nano ZS instrument (Malvern Instruments). In addition, through her work in the lab, she has gained more skills in conducting literature reviews, writing research grant applications, and communicating results in a seminar. In addition, this project has allowed Thu Le, a PhD student at the University of Michigan, to work as a research assistant in Dr. Xi's lab. To produce the NB water used in this project, she received support from Dr. Zhang's lab to build a NB generation system and was trained to measure the concentration, size distribution and zeta potential of the NBs using nanoparticle tracking analysis techniques with the ZetaView TWIN PMX-220 instrument (Particle Metrix). She was also trained to use a confocal scanning laser microscope to investigate how NB water affects the 3D structure of bacterial biofilms, and to analyze microbial DNA sequencing data using R and other software packages. In addition, through her work to support this project, she has gained skills in writing grant applications, preparing literature reviews, and presenting results to lay and professional audiences. 5.2. Research-based curriculum and learning activities development A new teaching and laboratory operation manual was developed for graduate class (ENE 661: Environmental Microbiology). This new lab experience was offered to the class in fall semester 2021 and engaged near 20 master environmental engineering students. We demonstrated the generation principles of oxygen NBs and ozone bulk bubbles in water and involved them in the microbial disinfection experiments using fluorescent E. coli cells. Fluorescent images were taken to observe the bacterial removal in the presence of reactive NBs and allow students to understand the potential applications of NBs in microbial disinfection, biofilm prevention, sterilization, wastewater treatment, and medical applications. This new lab experience was also offered to the class in fall semester 2022 and engaged 7 master environmental engineering students. We demonstrated the generation principles of air micro-nanobubbles in water and involved them in the experiment of algal removal using air flotation with chitosan as a cationic flocculant. The purpose of the lab is to estimate the optimal chitosan dose in the presence of micro/nano-bubbles (MNBs) to remove algae via flotation. For class ENE 262: Introduction to Environmental Engineering, this new lab work was offered to the class in spring 2021 and engaged near 40 sophomore civil engineering students. We taught them about the generation principles of NBs in water and involved them in the disinfection experiments to show the potential transformational applications of NBs in agriculture, aquaculture, food engineering, sterilization, wastewater treatment, and medical applications (e.g., drug delivery). 5.3. Research experiences for high school student and undergraduate PI Zhang established new research and education opportunities to train and mentor a high school student, Rebecca J. Tang, in Ridge High School, a undergraduate student, John Bitlisli majored in Civil Engineering at NJIT, and two graduate student Dafina Djombalic in Environmental Engineering and Syed Gardazi majored in Environmental Science Engineering at NJIT. In this project, students learnt essential laboratory skills such as testing pH, DO and conductivity of water samples, plant and soil enzyme analysis. They also learned about nanobubbles generation processes. Specifically, Syed Gardazi worked on membrane coating for the nanobubble generation. The high school student, Rebecca J. Tang, worked with NJIT's team to conduct the electrochemical analysis of soil after treatment by nanobubble water. In addition, they have gained more skills in conducting literature reviews and writing research papers. Finally, we are currently collaborating with four New Jersey Farms to promote the use of nanobubble water for irrigation, disinfection and water pH adjustument. We are going to host an international conference on nanobubble in 2026 at NJIT. Meanwhile, we are testing the soil remediation using nanobubble water in combination with other green technologies. Under a funding support from NJDEP, the NJIT team applied the micro/nanobubbles to remediate the lake water with harmful algal blooms since 2021 to 2024. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?As elaborated in the descriptions of the target audiences, our research team members have presented results to different groups of audiences via conferences. For example, our group member Xiaonan Shi have given poster presentation on Characterization of Nanobubbles and their Environmental and Agricultural Applications in many conferences, such as 2019 NJIT Graduate Research Day and Dana Knox Student Research Showcase in NJIT and 2019 Eastern Analytical Symposium & Exposition in Plainsboro, New Jersey. She also gave poster presentation on Application of Nanobubbles in Biofilm Prevention and Removal in The 5th Stevens Conference on Bacteria-Material Interactions in Hoboken. Shan Xue, a PhD student at New Jersey Institute of Technology under the project's PI, Dr. Wen Zhang, has been trained and engaged in this project. She gave an oral presentation on nanobubbles application in plant growth improvement in 2022 International Conference on Nanobubbles, Nanodroplets and their Applications. The conference aims to provide up-to-date information on latest experimental data and phenomena, new insights from theory and modeling, advanced nanomaterial characterization techniques as well as exciting applications of nanobubbles and nanodroplets. These applications include, but are not limited to the fields of biology, environmental protection/remediation as well as medicine. She also delivered a talk in ACS Fall 2021 National Meeting & Expo and 2021 Eastern Analytical Symposium & Exposition about Electrochemical analysis of soil after treatment by nanobubble water. The Symposium attracted over 2000 scientists of analytical chemistry and other disciplines. Moreover, we are partnering with hydroponic vegetable growers in NJ (Geogreens, YB Farm, and Edible Garden) and provide on-site technical assistance focused on reducing the environmental footprint and costs of commercial vegetable produce cleaning and hazard generation. We will evaluate the efficacy of vegetable product cleaning/disinfection by employing ozone nanobubble water to reduce pathogens and microbial contamination. The goal is to reduce the use of traditional chlorine disinfectant that leaves chlorinated residuals and potentially harms human health and vegetable quality. We will evaluate the performance of ozone nanobubble (NB) water and prepare case studies for training. The information will be disseminated via websites (e.g., YouTube channels), webinars, and conference presentations to targeted audiences representing small businesses and facilities within the food processing sector throughout the New Jersey/New York. Thu Le, a member of Dr. Xi's group at the University of Michigan, also gave presentations to students and professors at the University of Michigan's Integrated Training in Microbial System program and Environmental Health Sciences Department on the effects of nanobubbles on bacterial biofilm in the tap water distribution system. The rationale of the project, as well as preliminary results on the disinfection capacity of micro- and nanobubbles in drinking water distribution system models were communicated in a doctoral seminar to a small group of faculty and graduate students at the School of Public Health, University of Michigan (as mentioned in Part 1 of this report). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The research outlined in this document has yielded significant findings related to the properties and effects of nanobubbles in water. Studies in section 1.1 focused on the internal pressures and long-term stability of nanobubbles, with investigations into the impact of injection gas pressure, mechanical properties, water temperature, and storage time on bubble size and concentration. In section 1.2, the research focused on the aeration and dissolution behavior of oxygen nanobubbles, including evaluations of KL·a for aeration, changes in dissolved oxygen during aeration and dissolution, and the effects of O2 nanobubbles on DO levels. Section 1.3 investigated the effects of nanobubble watering on nutrient release and soil characteristics, including the impacts on water quality properties, ions release from soil, and nutrient release factors. Section 1.4 examined the effects of nanobubbles on tomato growth, including impacts on root properties, soil chemical properties, enzymatic activity, and rhizosphere microbial community. Finally, section 1.5 focused on the impact of micro-nano bubble aeration on the senescence of submerged macrophytes in urban landscape water. Overall, this research has contributed significantly to the understanding of nanobubbles in water and their potential applications in various fields.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Xue, Shan, Taha Marhaba, and Wen Zhang*. "Nanobubble watering affects nutrient release and soil characteristics." ACS Agricultural Science & Technology 2, no. 3 (2022): 453-461.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Xue, Shan, Yihan Zhang, Taha Marhaba, and Wen Zhang*. "Aeration and dissolution behavior of oxygen nanobubbles in water." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 609 (2022): 584-591.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shi, Xiaonan, Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba, and Wen Zhang*. "Probing internal pressures and long-term stability of nanobubbles in water." Langmuir 37, no. 7 (2021): 2514-2522.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Wang, Ying, Shuo Wang, Jingjing Sun, Hengren Dai, Beijun Zhang, Weidong Xiang, Zixin Hu, Pan Li, Jinshui Yang, and Wen Zhang. "Nanobubbles promote nutrient utilization and plant growth in rice by upregulating nutrient uptake genes and stimulating growth hormone production." Science of the Total Environment 800 (2021): 149627.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Wang, Shuo, Yunsi Liu, Pan Li, Ying Wang, Jinshui Yang, and Wen Zhang. "Micro-nanobubble aeration promotes senescence of submerged macrophytes with low total antioxidant capacity in urban landscape water." Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 6, no. 3 (2020): 523-531.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Yihan Zhang, Shan Xue, Wen Zhang*. Nanobubble Water Flow Affects Soil Pollutant Release , Under review by the journal of Nanomaterials
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba, and Wen Zhang. * Mechanisms of Nanobubbles and Soil Interactions in Enhanced Plant Growth , Under review by the journal of ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Zhibin Zhang*, Shan Xue, Guodong Xu, Yanhao Zhang, Jianan Gao, Wen Zhang*, Air Nanobubble Water Improves Plant Uptake and Tolerance toward Cadmium in Phytoremediation , In preparation.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Shi, Xiaonan, Taha Marhaba, and Wen Zhang. "Ozonation Nanobubble Technology." In Advanced Ozonation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment, Royal Society of Chemistry. pp. 353-370. 2022.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Wen Zhang, Shan Xue, Xiaonan Shi, and Taha Marhaba. " Nanobubble Technology: Generation, Properties and Applications." In Emerging Nanotechnologies for Water Treatment, Royal Society of Chemistry, pp. 447-506. 2021.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Shan Xue, Thu Le, Chuanwu Xi, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang,Mechanisms of Nanobubbles and Soil Interactions in Enhanced Plant Growth, Nanobubble 2022, Magdeburg, Germany, 09/2022
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Xiaonan Shi, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Formation Detection and Stability Assessment of Nanobubble in Water, 2021 Eastern Analytical Symposium & Exposition, Princeton, NJ?11/2021
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Xiaonan Shi, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Probing Internal Pressures and Long-term Stability of Nanobubbles in Water, ACS Fall 2021 National Meeting & Expo, Atlanta, GA, 08/2021
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Thu Le, Shan Xue, Chuanwu Xi, Wen Zhang, Effects of Nanobubble Water on Microbial Communities in Water, Soil, and Rhizosphere, University of Michigan Integrated Training in Microbial Systems 2021 Spring Retreat, Ann Arbor, MI, 04/2021
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Electrochemical analysis of soil after treatment by nanobubble water, 2020 Eastern Analytical Symposium & Exposition. 11/2020
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Xiaonan Shi, Wen Zhang. Characterization of Nanobubbles and their Environmental and Agricultural Applications. 2019 NJIT Graduate Research Day and Dana Knox Student Research Showcase at NJIT. Newark New Jersey, 2019
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Shi, Xiaonan. Understanding the Interfacial Processes of Reactive Nanobubbles Toward Agricultural Applications. Diss. New Jersey Institute of Technology, 2022.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Shan Xue, Thu Le, Chuanwu Xi, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Use of Novel Nanobubble Watering Processes for Enhanced Plant Growth and Pathogen Control, Convergence of Nanotechnology with Food and Agriculture, Southern New Hampshire University, Manchester, NH, 06/2022
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Xiaonan Shi, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Nanobubble Watering for Enhanced Plant: Mechanisms of Nanobubbles and Soil Species Interactions, 2021 10th NANO CONFERENCE, 07/2021
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Xiaonan Shi, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, The Effect of Nanobubbles on Plant Growth and Soil Nutrient Release, ACS Fall 2021 National Meeting & Expo, Atlanta, GA, 08/2021
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Yihan Zhang, Wen Zhang. Aeration and Dissolution Behavior of Oxygen Nanobubbles in Water. ACS Spring 2021 National Meeting & Expo, Atlanta, GA?08/2021
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Nanobubble Watering for Enhanced Plant: Mechanisms of Nanobubbles and Soil Species Interactions, 2021 Virtual CAPEES Student E-Poster Competition, 07/2021
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Mechanisms of Nanobubbles and Soil Interactions in Enhanced Plant Growth, 2022 Dana Knox Student Research Showcase, NJIT, Newark, NJ, 04/2022
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Yihan Zhang, Wen Zhang, Effects of Nanobubble Formation on Sediment Pollutant Resuspension, 2022 Dana Knox Student Research Showcase, NJIT, Newark, NJ, 04/2022
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Nanobubble Technology for Soil Remediation and Pollutant Removal, New Jersey Site Remediation Conference. 02/2021
|
Progress 05/15/21 to 05/14/22
Outputs
Target Audience:Shan Xue, a PhD student at New Jersey Institute of Technology under the project's Co-PI, Dr. Wen Zhang, has been trained and engaged in this project. She gave a presentation in 2022 NJIT Dana Knox Student Research Showcase to NJIT's faculty and students and external guests about the application of nanobubbles on the improvement of plant growth to increase agricultural productivity. She also delivered a talk in ACS Fall 2021 National Meeting & Expo and 2021 Eastern Analytical Symposium & Exposition about Electrochemical analysis of soil after treatment by nanobubble water. The Symposium attracted over 2000 scientists of analytical chemistry and other disciplines. Thu Le, a PhD student at the University of Michigan under the project's co-PI, Chuanwu Xi, has also been working on this project with efforts on microbiome analysis. She gave presentations on the effects of nanobubbles on bacterial biofilm in the tap water distribution system to students in the Environmental Health Sciences Department as well as professors and students in the Integrated Training in Microbial Systems (ITiMS) program at the University of Michigan. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?5.1. The training and professional development The project has allowed PhD student Shan Xue from the New Jersey Institute of Technology to work as a research assistant in Dr. Zhang's lab. During this reporting period, she had an NTA training at Brookhaven national laboratory with the support of this project. In addition, through her work in the lab, she has gained more skills in conducting literature reviews, writing research grant applications, and communicating results in a seminar. This project has also allowed Thu Le, a PhD student at the University of Michigan, to work as a research assistant in Dr. Xi's lab. During this reporting period, she was trained to use a confocal scanning laser microscope to investigate how NB water affects the 3D structure of bacterial biofilms, and to analyze microbial DNA sequencing data using bioinformatic tools. In addition, through her work to support this project, she has gained skills in writing grant applications, preparing literature reviews, and presenting results to lay and professional audiences. 5.2. Research-based curriculum and learning activities development New course modules were developed to motivate undergraduates and graduates in STEM education by incorporating the sustainability principles and concepts through elucidating and demonstrating sustainable chemistry, nanobubbles technologies for water treatment, contaminants of emerging concern (CEC), and colloidal chemistry fundamentals. The new teaching modules have been integrated into the existing courses (ENE 262: Introduction to Environmental Engineering and ENE 661: Environmental Microbiology). Besides the new teaching modules in these two courses, we provided at least one lab session per semester incorporating the assessment of the germicidal effect of NBs for water disinfection. 5.3. Research experiences for high school student and undergraduate PI Zhang established new research and education opportunities to train and mentor a undergraduate student, John Bitlisli majored in Civil Engineering at NJIT, and one graduate student Dafina Djombalic in Environmental Engineering at NJIT. In this project, students learnt essential laboratory skills such as testing pH, DO and conductivity of water samples, plant and soil enzyme analysis. They also learned about nanobubbles generation processes. In addition, they have gained more skills in conducting literature reviews and writing research papers. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?As elaborated in the descriptions of the target audiences, our research team members have presented results to different groups of audiences via conferences. Moreover, Wen Zhang's group at NJIT works with NJDEP and other collaborators, Meadowlands Environmental Research Institute (MERI) and BRISEA Inc., to design and demonstrate a mobile floating microbubble aeration platform to mechanically remove and mitigate harmful algal blooms (HABs) in New Jersey lakes. The purged air micro-nano bubbles in the air flotation process are also aimed to replenish water with dissolved oxygen that may abate anoxia and hypoxia. Thu Le, a member of Dr. Xi's group at the University of Michigan, also gave presentations to students and professors at the University of Michigan's Integrated Training in Microbial System program and Environmental Health Sciences Department on the effects of nanobubbles on bacterial biofilm in the tap water distribution system. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?In the next reporting period, Dr. Zhang's lab is going to evaluate the impacts of carbon dioxide, hydrogen and air NBs on plant growth, nutrient absorption by plants and measure the electrochemical activity of rhizobacteria and plant cell surface. Following our previous research,40 tomato will be grown in the green house in our lab. All groups are subjected to irrigate every four days by nanobubble water. The length or diameter (cm) of the leaves, stem, and root will be measured. Evaluation of the enzyme activity in the plant and soil will be conducted. Moreover, the surface functional groups of plant roots were also investigated. We will visualize the bacteria in plant roots using confocal microscope after exposure to NBs for 30 days. In the next reporting period, Dr. Xi's lab plans to continue the microbial community analysis of NB-treated soil and plant rhizosphere. Tomato plants will be irrigated with different types of NB water, and bacterial DNA and RNA will be extracted from the thin layer of rhizosphere soil attached to the plant roots to study changes in the rhizosphere microbiomes over time. We expect the differences in results obtained by DNA-based and RNA-based sequencing to be important for choosing between these two methods in future soil microbiome studies. Confocal laser scanning microscopy will also be used to visualize the bacterial biofilm on the plant root surfaces.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
During this reporting period, Dr. Zhang's lab accomplished the objective 3. During this reporting period, tomato plants were grown in greenhouse in the lab and irrigated with oxygen and nitrogen NB water. The electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was investigated as a non-destructive method for monitoring root growth of tomato under oxygen and nitrogen NB water treatment. Moreover, the investigation of functional groups on plant roots under NBs treatment was also carried out, the nutrient absorption is influenced by the surface charge properties of root cell walls. The effects of NBs on the enzyme in rhizosphere soil and plant were also evaluated. During this reporting period, Dr. Xi's lab accomplished part of objective 5: evaluating the microbial community level effect of NBs on biofilm/microbiome in water, soil and rhizosphere. We extracted bacterial DNA and RNA from soil samples treated with DI water or different types of NB water (CO2, O2, and H2 NBs). Then, DNA sequencing was performed and the data analyzed to identify changes in the soil microbial community structures and functions associated with different irrigation durations and different NB types. A detailed data/results could be accessed by this Teams link:https://njit0.sharepoint.com/:w:/s/NJIT-UMfolder/EXRshauKCmJMtC5iTxMS_9EBgUikMqU9NHmiRylZ0iQOWQ?e=nQ3Seb
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Yihan Zhang, Taha Marhaba, and Wen Zhang*. Aeration and Dissolution Behavior of Oxygen Nanobubbles in Water. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science (2021), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2021.11.061
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba and Wen Zhang. Nanobubble Watering Affects Nutrients Release and Soil Characteristics. ACS Agricultural Science &Technology (2022), doi: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsagscitech.1c00238.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Yihan Zhang, Shan Xue, Wen Zhang. Nanobubble Water Flow Affects Soil Pollutant Release. In preparation.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba, and Wen Zhang. Mechanisms of Nanobubbles and Soil Interactions in Enhanced Plant Growth. In preparation.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Xiaonan Shi, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang*. Introduction to Ozonation Nanobubble Technology , Advanced Ozonation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment: Active Catalysts and Combined Technologies. Published by The Royal Society of Chemistry. (In Press)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Xiaonan Shi, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, The Effect of Nanobubbles on Plant Growth and Soil Nutrient Release, ACS Fall 2021 National Meeting & Expo, Atlanta, GA, 08/2021
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Yihan Zhang, Wen Zhang. Aeration and Dissolution Behavior of Oxygen Nanobubbles in Water. ACS Spring 2021 National Meeting & Expo, Atlanta, GA?08/2021
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Xiaonan Shi, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Nanobubble Watering for Enhanced Plant: Mechanisms of Nanobubbles and Soil Species Interactions, 2021 10th NANO CONFERENCE, 07/2021
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Nanobubble Watering for Enhanced Plant: Mechanisms of Nanobubbles and Soil Species Interactions, 2021 Virtual CAPEES Student E-Poster Competition, 07/2021
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Mechanisms of Nanobubbles and Soil Interactions in Enhanced Plant Growth, 2022 Dana Knox Student Research Showcase, NJIT, Newark, NJ, 04/2022
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Wen Zhang, Shan Xue, Xiaonan Shi, Taha Marhaba. Chapter title: Nanobubble Technology: Generation, Properties and Applications. Book title: Emerging Nanotechnologies for Water Treatment; Chemistry in the Environment Series. Royal Society of Chemistry. Print ISBN: 978-1-83916-302-9. Publication year: 2022
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Xiaonan Shi, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Formation Detection and Stability Assessment of Nanobubble in Water, 2021 Eastern Analytical Symposium & Exposition, Princeton, NJ?11/2021
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Xiaonan Shi, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Probing Internal Pressures and Long-term Stability of Nanobubbles in Water, ACS Fall 2021 National Meeting & Expo, Atlanta, GA, 08/2021
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Yihan Zhang, Wen Zhang, Effects of Nanobubble Formation on Sediment Pollutant Resuspension, 2022 Dana Knox Student Research Showcase, NJIT, Newark, NJ, 04/2022
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Progress 05/15/20 to 05/14/21
Outputs
Target Audience:Shan Xue, a PhD student at New Jersey Institute of Technology under the project's Co-PI, Dr. Wen Zhang, has been trained and engaged in this project. She gave a presentation to a small group of professors and graduate students in the Civil and Environmental Department in a doctoral seminar about the application of nanobubbles on the improvement of plant growth to increase agricultural productivity. She also delivered a talk in 2020 Eastern Analytical Symposium & Exposition about Electrochemical analysis of soil after treatment by nanobubble water. The Symposium attracted over 2000 scientists of analytical chemistry and other disciplines. Moreover, she gave a poster presentation at 2021 New Jersey Site Remediation Conference about Nanobubble Technology for Soil Remediation and Pollutant Removal. Thu Le, a PhD student at the University of Michigan under the project's co-PI, Chuanwu Xi, has also been working on this project with efforts on microbiome analysis. She gave a presentation to a small group of professors and students in the Integrated Training in Microbial Systems (ITiMS) program at the University of Michigan about how oxygen nanobubble water affects the microbial community composition in soil. She also gave a presentation on the effects of nanobubbles on the germination and growth of plants to students in the Environmental Health Sciences Department (University of Michigan). Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?1. The training and professional development The project has allowed PhD student Shan Xue from the New Jersey Institute of Technology to work as a research assistant in Dr. Zhang's lab. She had an AFM-IR training at University of Delaware with the support of this project. Moreover, she was trained to use AFM-SECM at York center at New Jersey Institute of Technology for the following experiment to measure the electrochemical activity of rhizobacteria and plant cell surface. She also learned how to measure the hydrodynamic diameter (distribution) and zeta potential (ZP) of NBs with dynamic light scattering (DLS) Zetasizer Nano ZS instrument (Malvern Instruments). In addition, through her work in the lab, she has gained more skills in conducting literature reviews, writing research grant applications, and communicating results in a seminar. This project has allowed Thu Le, a PhD student at the University of Michigan, to work as a research assistant in Dr. Xi's lab. To produce the NB water used in this project, she received support from Dr. Zhang's lab to build a NB generation system and was trained to measure the concentration, size distribution and zeta potential of the NBs using nanoparticle tracking analysis techniques with the ZetaView TWIN PMX-220 instrument (Particle Metrix). She was also trained to use a confocal scanning laser microscope to investigate how NB water affects the 3D structure of bacterial biofilms, and to analyze microbial DNA sequencing data using R and other software packages. In addition, through her work to support this project, she has gained skills in writing grant applications, preparing literature reviews, and presenting results to lay and professional audiences. 2. Research-based curriculum and learning activities development New course modules were developed to motivate undergraduates and graduates in STEM education by incorporating the sustainability principles and concepts through elucidating and demonstrating sustainable chemistry, nanoubbles technologies for water treatment, contaminants of emerging concern (CEC), and colloidal chemistry fundamentals. The new teaching modules have been integrated into the existing courses (ENE 262: Introduction to Environmental Engineering and ENE 661: Environmental Microbiology). Besides the new teaching modules in these two courses, we provided at least one lab session per semester incorporating the assessment of the germicidal effect of NBs for water disinfection. 3. Research experiences for high school student and undergraduate PI Zhang established new research and education opportunities to train and mentor a high school student, Rebecca J. Tang, in Ridge High School and one graduate student Syed Gardazi majored in Environmental Science Engineering at NJIT. In this project, students learnt essential laboratory skills such as water sample analysis. They also learned about nanobubbles generation processes. In addition, they have gained more skills in conducting literature reviews and writing research papers. Specifically, Syed Gardazi worked on membrane coating for the nanobubble generation. The high school student, Rebecca J. Tang, worked with NJIT's team to conduct the electrochemical analysis of soil after treatment by nanobubble water. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?As elaborated in the descriptions of the target audiences, our research team members have presented results to different groups of audiences via conferences. Moreover, Wen Zhang's group at NJIT works with NJDEP and other collaborators, Meadowlands Environmental Research Institute (MERI) and BRISEA Inc., to design and demonstrate a mobile floating microbubble aeration platform to mechanically remove and mitigate harmful algal blooms (HABs) in New Jersey lakes. The purged air micro-nano bubbles in the air flotation process are also aimed to replenish water with dissolved oxygen that may abate anoxia and hypoxia. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?In the next reporting period, Dr. Zhang's lab is going to evaluate the impacts of NBs on nutrient absorption by plants and measure the electrochemical activity of rhizobacteria and plant cell surface. Following our published paper81, two model vegetables: Fava bean (Vicia faba) and tomato san marzano (Solanum lycopersicum) will be grown in the garden soil. All groups are subjected to irrigate every three days by nanobubble water. The length or diameter (cm) of the leaves, stem, and root will be measured. Evaluation of the nutrient uptake in the plant will also be conducted by measuring the morphological parameters (weight, shoot length, leaf area) and determining P, K, Mg, Ca, and Zn in leaves. We will evaluate the electrochemical properties of plant root cell itself and root bacteria after exposure to NBs for 14 days with AFM-SECM. Dr. Xi's lab plant to collaborate with Dr. Zhang's lab to investigate the effects of different types of NB water on the bacterial community structure in water, soil, and plant rhizosphere. Samples of soil and plant roots that have been irrigated with NB water will be sent from Dr. Zhang's lab to Dr. Xi's lab for microbial DNA and RNA extraction and sequencing. Dr. Xi's lab will also analyze and interpret the NB-induced changes in bacterial community structure in the soil and plant root samples. In addition, Dr. Xi's lab will generate some NB water samples and grow biofilm in them to study the effects of NB on bacterial communities in water.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
During this reporting period?Dr. Zhang's lab accomplished the objective 2: evaluating the impacts of NBs on nutrient element release from soil. We measured the element concentration (i.e., NH4+, NO3-, PO43- and Zn2+) release from after injection of NBs and evaluated surface zeta potential changes of NBs in the soil extract. Moreover, the electrochemical analysis was also carried out after applying the different NBs waters. Dr. Xi's lab accomplished part of objective 5: evaluating the microbial community level effect of NBs on biofilm/microbiome in water, soil and rhizosphere. The experiment that involved treating soil with oxygen nanobubble (ONB) water and used 16S rRNA gene sequencing has been conducted to analyze ONB-induced changes in the soil bacterial community structure. Some soil environmental parameters (pH, dissolved oxygen, and redox potential) were also measured to elucidate their roles in shaping the soil microbiome. More experiments will be done for this objective with other types of NB water in the next reporting period.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Electrochemical analysis of soil after treatment by nanobubble water, 2020 Eastern Analytical Symposium & Exposition. 11/2020
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang, Nanobubble Technology for Soil Remediation and Pollutant Removal, New Jersey Site Remediation Conference. 02/2021
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
1. Wen Zhang*, Shan Xue, Xiaonan Shi, Taha Marhaba. Nanobubble Technology: Generation, Properties and Applications. Book chapter in edition of Emerging Nanotechnologies for Water Treatment; Chemistry in the Environment Series. Published by Royal Society of Chemistry. In press.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shi, Xiaonan, Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba, and Wen Zhang. "Probing Internal Pressures and Long-Term Stability of Nanobubbles in Water." Langmuir 37, no. 7 (2021): 2514-2522.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Shi, Xiaonan, Qingquan Ma, Taha Marhaba, and Wen Zhang. "Probing Surface Electrochemical Activity of Nanomaterials using a Hybrid Atomic Force Microscope-Scanning Electrochemical Microscope (AFM-SECM)." JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments) 168 (2021): e61111.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Wang, Shuo, Yunsi Liu, Pan Li, Ying Wang, Jinshui Yang, and Wen Zhang. "Micro-nanobubble aeration promotes senescence of submerged macrophytes with low total antioxidant capacity in urban landscape water." Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 6, no. 3 (2020): 523-531.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba and Wen Zhang. Theoretical and Experimental Study on the Aeration and Dissolution Behavior of Oxygen Nanobubbles. In preparation.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Shan Xue, Taha Marhaba and Wen Zhang. Nanobubble Watering for Enhanced Plant: Mechanisms of Nanobubble and Soil Species Interaction. In preparation.
- Type:
Websites
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
https://www.jove.com/v/61111/probing-surface-electrochemical-activity-nanomaterials-using-hybrid
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Progress 05/15/19 to 05/14/20
Outputs
Target Audience:This project's PI, Wen Zhang, led his research team and participated the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) people, prosperity and the planet (P3) National Student Design Expo in Boston, MA in August 2019. His team presented to the conference participants from academia and industries the novel reactive nanobubble (NB) generation system. Moreover, Dr. Zhang leveraged his national NSF I-Corps grant in commercialization of nanobubble technologies and business development (Award Number: 1912367) and conducted intensive customer interviews that covered different sectors of industries of membrane filters, pure water companies, bottle beverages, swimming pools, landscape water management, chemical processing, pharmaceutical factory, water and wastewater treatment, medical and hospital facilities, and aquarium. Significant and valuable feedbacks were obtained and aided in the business development and some of the key hypothesis validation in the merit of nanobubbles for broader ranges of customers in disinfection, irrigation, and water treatment. The responsible PhD student, Shan Xue, has established her research dissertation committee based on this USDA project. She has reached out to a Rutgers's professor in botany science and a NJIT's researcher in phytoremediation besides the project PI and the other dissertation co-advisor. Thu Le, a PhD student of University of Michigan under the project's Co-PI, Dr. Chuanwu Xi, has been trained and engaged in this project. She gave a presentation to a small group of professors and graduate students in the Environmental Health Sciences Department (School of Public Health, University of Michigan) in a doctoral seminar about the potentials of micro- and nanobubbles to remove biofilm from the drinking water distribution system and to increase agricultural productivity. This presentation also included the methods and preliminary results of her experiments on the effects of micro- and nanobubbles on E. coli biofilm in flow cells (a model for water pipes) and biofilm reactors (a model for water storage tanks). Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?1 The training and professional development The project has allowed two PhD students, Thu Le and Shan Xue, from the School of Public Health, University of Michigan and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, to work respectively as research assistants in Dr. Xi's lab and Dr. Zhang's lab. They learnt and practice essential laboratory skills in microbiology such as culture-based techniques, fluorescence microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy and water sample analysis such as TOC, COD and TP determination. In addition, through their work in the lab, they have gained more skills in conducting literature reviews, writing research grant applications, and communicating results in a seminar. 2 Research-based curriculum and learning activities development New course modules were developed to motivate undergraduates and graduates in STEM education by incorporating the sustainability principles and concepts through elucidating and demonstrating sustainable chemistry, nanoubbles technologies for water treatment, contaminants of emerging concern (CEC), and colloidal chemistry fundamentals. The new teaching modules have been integrated into the existing courses (ENE 262: Introduction to Environmental Engineering and ENE 661: Environmental Microbiology). Besides the new teaching modules in these two courses, we provided at least one lab session per semester incorporating the assessment of the germicidal effect of NBs for water disinfection. 3 Research experiences for high school student and undergraduate PI Zhang established new research and education opportunities to train and mentor a high school student, Jamie Kim, in Leonia High School and two undergraduate students Alexander Gullen and Justinian O Kennedy majored in Chemical Engineering at NJIT. In this project, students learnt essential laboratory skills such as water sample analysis. They also learned about nanobubbles generation processes. In addition, they have gained more skills in conducting literature reviews and writing research papers. Specifically, Alexander Gullen and Justinian O Kennedy worked on a model of the oxygen release of nanobubbles. The high school student, Jamie Kim, worked with NJIT's team to measure the kinetics of typical nutrient elements release from soil to be treated by different NBs. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Wen Zhang's group at NJIT participated the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) people, prosperity and the planet (P3) National Student Design Expo in Boston, MA. They presented the novel reactive nanobubbles (NBs) system for efficient and scalable harmful algae and cyanotoxin removal. This research project aims to devise a green sustainable process based on reactive nanobubbles (NBs) technology to control and mitigate harmful algal blooms (HABs). The results were presented to interested industrial purveyors such as Molear Inc., Praxair Inc. and the Linde group. The NJIT team also actively seeks to collaborate with them on transferring the technology to real life applications. Our group member Xiaonan Shi have given poster presentation on Characterization of Nanobubbles and their Environmental and Agricultural Applications in many conferences, such as 2019 NJIT Graduate Research Day and Dana Knox Student Research Showcase in NJIT and 2019 Eastern Analytical Symposium & Exposition in Plainsboro, New Jersey. She also gave poster presentation on Application of Nanobubbles in Biofilm Prevention and Removal in The 5th Stevens Conference on Bacteria-Material Interactions in Hoboken. The rationale of the project, as well as preliminary results on the disinfection capacity of micro- and nanobubbles in drinking water distribution system models were communicated in a doctoral seminar to a small group of faculty and graduate students at the School of Public Health, University of Michigan (as mentioned in Part 1 of this report). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?What Dr. Xi's lab plan to do next is also related to objective (5): the microbial community level effect of NBs on biofilm/microbiome in water, soil and rhizosphere. In particular, we will: first, finish building our own nanobubble generation system and make sure the nanobubble water produced are comparable to the Zhang lab's nanobubble water. Second, Investigate the effects of nanobubbles on the biofilm and microbial community in water using culture-based, microscopic and sequencing techniques. While we have been using E. coli as a model organism so far, we will move to using environmental bacteria in the next reporting period. Third, investigate the effects of nanobubbles on the biofilm and microbial community in soil and rhizosphere using microscopic and sequencing techniques. During the next reporting period?Dr. Zhang's lab is going to accomplish objective 2: evaluating the impacts of NBs on nutrient absorption by plants. We plan to measure the element concentration (i.e., NH4-N, NO3-N, PO4-P and Zn2+) changes in the nutrient culture solution before and after injection of NBs and evaluate surface zeta potential changes of plant root surface after exposure to different NBs. Moreover, many physicochemical properties such as electrochemical activity of the NBs treated soil are expected to change, which affect the plant root conditions and plant growth. For instance, redox potential affects speciation of various compounds that regulate nutrients and metal availability in soil. Redox potential also regulates many bioelectrochemical reactions in soil. Thus, evaluating the effect of oxygen NBs on soil properties is important to reveal the mechanisms of NBs on crop yield enhancement and the intriguing interactions between NBs and soil and microbes. In this research, electrochemical analysis was also carried out for after applying the different NBs waters.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
In Dr. Zhang's lab, objectives (1) the colloidal, chemical and electrochemical properties of produced NBs in water and (2) impacts of NBs on water quality (e.g., pH, dissolved oxygen, and redox potential) as well as nutrient release from soil were investigated. In objective (2), particularly, Zhang's group has evaluated the release and dissolution of positively charged nutrient ions, such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, and ammonium from soil by NB water. We monitored and measured the kinetics of typical nutrient elements (i.e., NH4-N, NO3-N, PO4-P and Zn2+) release from soil to be treated by water saturated by different NBs and soil solution quality (pH, DO, and redox potential). Dr. Xi's lab work during this reporting period is related to objective (5): the microbial community level effect of NBs on biofilm/microbiome in water, soil and rhizosphere. Some preliminary experiments were conducted to examine how nanobubbles affect the biofilm structure and microbial community in water, using culture-based and microscopic techniques. An experimental protocol was established to assess the microbial community in soil and will consistently be used throughout our future experiments. Due to the length limit and/or the restrictions of graphic/table entry, we have more detailed resultsto share via this dropbox link: https://www.dropbox.com/s/t3qb506aeg0nmy3/2019-2020%20report.docx?dl=0 This detailed project report summarizes the major achievements in research, experiments and our teaching activities. Please feel free to review and let us know any questions/concerns. Thanks
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Xiaonan Shi, Wen Zhang. Characterization of Nanobubbles and their Environmental and Agricultural Applications. 2019 NJIT Graduate Research Day and Dana Knox Student Research Showcase at NJIT. Newark New Jersey, 2019
- Type:
Websites
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
http://www.wenresearch.com/about.html
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Xiaonan Shi, Weihua Qing, Taha Marhaba, Wen Zhang*. " What is inside nanobubbles? New Insight from Colloidal Chemistry and Contact Mechanics Analysis." 2020, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. under review.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
2. Xiaonan Shi, Qingquan Ma, Taha Marhaba, and Wen Zhang*. "Probing Surface Electrochemical Activity of Nanomaterials using Hybrid Atomic Force Microscope-Scanning Electrochemical Microscope (AFM-SECM)." Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE), 2020. accepted.
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