WEED MANAGEMENT FOR MISSISSIPPI ROW CROPS

• Sponsoring Institution: National Institute of Food and Agriculture
• Project Status: COMPLETE
• Funding Source: HATCH
• Reporting Frequency: Annual
• Accession No.: 1018783
• Project Start Date: Feb 11, 2019
• Project End Date: Jan 31, 2023
• Program Code: [(N/A)]- (N/A)

Recipient Organization
MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV
(N/A)
MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762

Performing Department
Delta Research & Extension Center

Non Technical Summary
The evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds requires modification of herbicide programs. The dicamba-tolerant soybean technology has been utilized in soybean for two years, and others such as 2,4-D- and 4-HPPD-tolerant soybean are in varying stages of commercialization and/or approval. Additionally, rice growers now have the option to utilize the imidazolinone- and acetyl CoA carboxylase-resistant traits. This research will devise economical weed management strategies for soybean and rice and evaluate the negative effects of poor herbicide stewardship.

Animal Health Component

100%

Research Effort Categories

Basic

(N/A)

Applied

100%

Developmental

(N/A)

Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)	Subject of Investigation (SOI)	Field of Science (FOS)	Percent
213	0199	1140	100%

Knowledge Area
213 - Weeds Affecting Plants;

Subject Of Investigation
0199 - Soil and land, general;

Field Of Science
1140 - Weed science;

Keywords

weed control

herbicide

herbicide resistance

palmer amaranth

italian ryegrass

barnyardgrass

Goals / Objectives
Evaluate weed management programs in conventional, acetyl CoA carboxylase-, and imidazolinone-resistant rice production systems.Evaluate new and/or currently registered herbicide-resistant soybean technologies and herbicides for positioning into soybean weed management programs in Mississippi.

Project Methods
Each experiment will contain four replications and be repeated in time and/or space. Experimental designs will include randomized complete block, split-plot, or others as appropriate. Analysis of variance will be utilized to partition the sources of variation and means will be separated with appropriate multiple range tests or regression analysis. Data to be collected will include weed control, crop injury, crop maturity dates, crop height, and yield. Additional data will be collected when necessary to supplement experimental results. The general hierarchy of the methods will consist of the following:Studies will be conducted in the greenhouse or field to determine herbicide efficacy against grass and broadleaf weed species in conventional, acetyl CoA carboxylase- (Provisia), and imidazolinone-resistant (Clearfield) rice production systems with emphasis on imidazolinone-resistant barnyardgrass.To ensure adequate weed infestations, field plots will be over-seeded with barnyardgrass and other common grass and broadleaf weeds prior to rice planting.Field plots will be 1.6 by 4.6 m delineated by a 1.5-meter alley between replications.Rice will be drill-seeded in 20-cm rows at a site maintained in a 1:1 rice-fallow rotation.Herbicides will be applied at the appropriate times and rates based on weed size and crop condition.Off-station locations (grower fields) will be utilized to evaluate herbicide efficacy against particular weed species which are not common at the Delta Research and Extension Center.Weed management programs within Roundup Ready, Roundup Ready 2 Xtend, and LibertyLink soybean systems will be evaluated with emphasis on management of GR Palmer amaranth.Enlist Weed Control System and Balance GT/MGI will be researched upon registration and full deregulation, commercialization, and approval.Experiments will be established in an area known to be infested with GR Palmer amaranth.Field plots will be 4.1 by 9.1 m delineated by a 3-meter alley between replications. Soybean will be planted in 1-m rows. The crop will be managed throughout the growing season to maximize yield. Irrigated studies will be furrow irrigated. Base herbicide programs (glyphosate, dicamba, or Liberty 280) will be supplemented with postemergence and residual herbicides. Treatments will be applied at appropriate growth stages. Rates will be adjusted for soil texture when required. Visual estimates of weed control will be recorded at prescribed intervals after treatment application. Visual estimates of weed control will be determined at 7, 14, and 28 days after each application. Soybean yield will be determined when practical.

Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20

Outputs
Target Audience:Mississippi producers Mississippi Agricultural Consultants' Association Agricultural chemical company and distributor re s Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Research findings were presented at grower meetings, consultant meetings, field days, and demonstrations. Specific research results were presented at two scientific meetings. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Research findings were presented at grower meetings, consultant meetings, field days, and demonstrations. Specific research results were presented at two scientific meetings. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Research will continue to evaluate weed management in soybean and rice production for Mississippi. Additionally, research will focus on off-target movement of herbicides to rice and soybean.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Thirty-nine studies were conducted at the Delta Research and Extension Center in 2020to evaluate new and/or currently registered herbicides and herbicide-resistant soybean technologies for positioning into Mississippi weed management programs. Unfortunately, many of these studies focused on the efficacy of pre-mixes of currently registered herbicides or generic formulations of commercial herbicides. "New" herbicides under evaluation are Enlist Duo (glyphosate plus 2,4-D choline), Enlist One (2,4-D choline), flumioxazin plus pyroxasulfone plus metribuzin (Fierce MTZ), a liquid formulation of pyroxasulfone (Zidua SC), and a new premix of pyroxasulfone plus fluthiacet-methyl (Anthem Maxx). Engenia, Xtendimax with VaporGrip, and FeXapan with VaporGrip (dicamba) were evaluated in the first year of original research not requiring contracts between MSU and the manufacturers. Other studies evaluated herbicide applications in HPPD-resistant soybean being developed by Bayer Cropscience and Syngenta. Different formulations of dicamba are now registered for application in Roundup Ready 2 Xtend soybean. These include Engenia, Xtendimax with VaporGrip, and FeXapan with VaporGrip Research from 2017 confirmed that weed control was similar with each of these three dicamba ormulations (data not presented). This indicates that growers in Mississippi have options of their choice of dicamba herbicides in Roundup Ready 2 tend soybean. The Clearfield® system has been useful for red rice control since 2002. However, in recent years, populations of red rice have out-crossed with Clearfield rice, and these are now resistant to Newpath and Beyond. Quizalofop will be marketed as Provisia in the Provisia rice system. Provisia herbicide received federal labeling in 2017, and launch of the Provisia rice production system occurred in 2018. Provisia is effective for control of grass weeds, but its efficacy can be compromised when mixed with broadleaf herbicides. Caution should be exercised when Provisia is applied in mixtures with broadleaf herbicides, especially those containing propanil. Loyant™ herbicide with Rinskor™ active is a new postemergence herbicide from Dow AgroSciences that provides an alternative mode of action for control of broadleaf, grass, and sedge weeds in rice.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2020 Citation: Lawrence, B. H., J. A. Bond, B. R. Golden, T. W. Allen, D. B. Reynolds, T. Bararpour. 2020. Rice (Oryza sativa) performance following exposure to a sub-lethal concentration of paraquat applied alone or in mixture with common residual herbicides. Weed Technol. (In Press)
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2020 Citation: Lawrence, B. H., J. A. Bond, B. R. Golden, T. W. Allen, D. B. Reynolds, T. Bararpour. 2020. Nitrogen fertilizer programs following rice exposure to a sub-lethal concentration of paraquat. Weed Technol. (In Press)
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2020 Citation: Lawrence, B. H., H. T. Hydrick, J. A. Bond, B. R. Golden, T. W. Allen, and T. L. Sanders. 2020. Interaction of a blended foliar fertilizer with POST soybean herbicides. Agron. (In Press)
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2020 Citation: McCoy, J. M., B. R. Golden, J. A. Bond, D. M. Dodds, T. Bararpour, and J. Gore. 2020. Rice cultivar response as influenced by exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of glyphosate and paraquat late in the season. Weed Technol. (In Press)
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2020 Citation: Sanders, T. L., J. A. Bond, B. H. Lawrence, B. R. Golden, T. W. Allen, and T. Bararpour. 2020. Evaluation of sequential applications of quizalofop and florpyrauxifen-benzyl in acetyl CoA carboxylase-resistant rice (Oryza sativa). Weed Technol. (In Press)
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2020 Citation: Sanders, T. L., J. A. Bond, B. H. Lawrence, B. R. Golden, T. W. Allen, A. Famoso, and T. Bararpour. 2020. Response of acetyl-CoA carboxylase-resistant rice cultivars and advanced lines to florpyrauxifen-benzyl. Weed Technol. (In Press)
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Bararpour, T., J. A. Bond, G. Singh, R. R. Hale, H. M. Edwards, and B. H. Lawrence. 2020. Glyphosate-resistant Lolium perenne control and seed suppression in Mississippi. Agron. [Online]. Available at www.mdpi.com/journal/agronomy. doi: 10.3390/agronomy10020162.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Franca, L. X., D. M. Dodds, T. R. Butts, G. R. Kruger, D. B. Reynolds, J. A. Mills, J. A. Bond, A. L. Catchot, and D. G. Peterson. 2020. Droplet size impact on lactofen and acifluorfen efficacy for Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) control. Weed Technol. 34:416-423.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Franca, L. X., D. M. Dodds, T. R. Butts, G. R. Kruger, D. B. Reynolds, J. A. Mills, J. A. Bond, A. L. Catchot, and D. G. Peterson. 2020. Evaluation of optimal droplet for control of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) with acifluorfen. Weed Technol. 34:511-519.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Franca, L. X., D. M. Dodds, D. B. Reynolds, J. A. Bond, J. A. Mills, A. L. Catchot, and D. G. Peterson. 2020. Influence of flooding period and seed burial depth on Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) seed germination. Pest Manag Sci. [Online]. Available at www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com. doi: 10.1002/ps.5934.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Sanders, T. L., J. A. Bond, B. H. Lawrence, B. R. Golden, T. W. Allen, Jr., and T. Bararpour. 2020. Evaluation of weed control in acetyl CoA carboxylase-resistant rice (Oryza sativa) with mixtures of quizalofop and auxinic herbicides. Weed Technol. 34:498-505.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Seale, J. W., T. Bararpour, J. A. Bond, J. Gore, and B. R. Golden. 2020. Evaluation of preemergence and postemergence herbicide programs on weed control and weed seed suppression in Mississippi peanut (Arachis hypogea). Agron. [Online]. Available at www.mdpi.com/journal/agronomy. doi: 10.3390/agronomy10081058.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Seale, J. W., T. Bararpour, J. A. Bond, J. Gore, and B. R. Golden. 2020. Peanut (Arachis hypogea) response to low rates of dicamba at reproductive growth stages. Agric. [Online]. Available at www.mdpi.com. doi: 10.3390/agriculture1009408.

Progress 02/11/19 to 09/30/19

Outputs
Target Audience:Mississippi producers Mississippi Agricultural Consultants' Association Agricultural chemical company and distributor reps Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Research findings were presented at grower meetings, consultant meetings, field days, and demonstrations. Specific research results were presented at two scientific meetings. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Research findings were presented at grower meetings, consultant meetings, field days, and demonstrations. Specific research results were presented at two scientific meetings. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Research will continue to evaluate weed management in soybean and rice production for Mississippi. Additionally, research will focus on off-target movement of herbicides to rice and soybean.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Thirty-two studies were conducted at the Delta Research and Extension Center in 2019 to evaluate new and/or currently registered herbicides and herbicide-resistant soybean technologies for positioning into Mississippi weed management programs. Unfortunately, many of these studies focused on the efficacy of pre-mixes of currently registered herbicides or generic formulations of commercial herbicides. "New" herbicides under evaluation are Enlist Duo (glyphosate plus 2,4-D choline), Enlist One (2,4-D choline), flumioxazin plus pyroxasulfone plus metribuzin (Fierce MTZ), a liquid formulation of pyroxasulfone (Zidua SC), and a new premix of pyroxasulfone plus fluthiacet-methyl (Anthem Maxx). Engenia, Xtendimax with VaporGrip, and FeXapan with VaporGrip (dicamba) were evaluated in the first year of original research not requiring contracts between MSU and the manufacturers. Other studies evaluated herbicide applications in HPPD-resistant soybean being developed by Bayer Cropscience and Syngenta. Different formulations of dicamba are now registered for application in Roundup Ready 2 Xtend soybean. These include Engenia, Xtendimax with VaporGrip, and FeXapan with VaporGrip Research from 2017 confirmed that weed control was similar with each of these three dicamba ormulations (data not presented). This indicates that growers in Mississippi have options of their choice of dicamba herbicides in Roundup Ready 2 tendsoybean. The Clearfield® system has been useful for red rice control since 2002. However, in recent years, populations of red rice have out-crossed with Clearfield rice, and these are now resistant to Newpath and Beyond. Quizalofop will be marketed as Provisia in the Provisia rice system. Provisia herbicide received federal labeling in 2017, and launch of the Provisia rice production system occurred in 2018. Provisia is effective for control of grass weeds, but its efficacy can be compromised when mixed with broadleaf herbicides. Caution should be exercised when Provisia is applied in mixtures with broadleaf herbicides, especially those containing propanil. Loyant™ herbicide with Rinskor™ active is a new postemergence herbicide from Dow AgroSciences that provides an alternative mode of action for control of broadleaf, grass, and sedge weeds in rice. Loyant is a member of the new arylpicolinate class of auxin herbicides that act at unique sites of action within susceptible weed species. Including Loyant in a rice weed management program will be beneficial in controlling common rice weeds, such as barnyardgrass, hemp sesbania, and rice flatsedge. However, Loyant will not effectively control Amazon sprangletop. The ideal application timing for Loyant is within 5 days of flooding.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2019 Citation: Buol, J. T., D. B. Reynolds, D. M. Dodds, J. A. Mills, R. L. Nichols, J. A. Bond, J. N. Jenkins, and J. L. DuBien. 2018. The effect of cotton growth stage on response to a sub-lethal concentration of 2,4-D. Weed Technol.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2019 Citation: Buol, J. T., D. B. Reynolds, D. M. Dodds, J. A. Mills, R. L. Nichols, J. A. Bond, J. N. Jenkins, and J. L. DuBien. 2018. The effect of cotton growth stage on response to a sub-lethal concentration of dicamba. Weed Technol.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: awrence, B. H., J. A. Bond, T. W. Eubank III, B. R. Golden, D. R. Cook, and J. P. Mangialardi. Evaluation of 2,4-D-based herbicide mixtures for control of glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth. Weed Technol.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: Nandula, V. K., D. A. Giacomini, W. T. Molin, and J. A. Bond. Resistance to clethodim in Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum) from Mississippi and North Carolina. Pest Manage Sci (Submitted for Review).
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: Sperry, B. P., B. H. Lawrence, J. A. Bond, D. B. Reynolds, B. R. Golden, and H. M. Edwards. Corn response to sub-lethal rates of paraquat and fomesafen at vegetative growth stages. Weed Technol.