Source: AUBURN UNIVERSITY submitted to NRP
VARIABILITY, ADAPTATION AND MANAGEMENT OF NEMATODES IMPACTING CROP PRODUCTION AND TRADE
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
HATCH
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1018730
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
W-4186
Project Start Date
Jan 29, 2019
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2023
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
AUBURN UNIVERSITY
108 M. WHITE SMITH HALL
AUBURN,AL 36849
Performing Department
College of Agriculture
Non Technical Summary
We plan to increased our knowledge base in plant-nematode biology, ecology and genetics for use in identifying novel targets for nematode control. This will facilitate implementation of nematode management tactics that complement reduced pesticide usage, and thereby benefit human health and the environment. Our collaborative efforts will promotion of sustainable farm management practices through new nematode management tactics. The benefit to the growers will be economical through reduction in nematode management costs and enhanced food production.
Animal Health Component
50%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
40%
Applied
50%
Developmental
10%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
2161820112025%
2161499112025%
2161710112025%
2162130112025%
Knowledge Area
216 - Integrated Pest Management Systems;

Subject Of Investigation
1499 - Vegetables, general/other; 2130 - Turf; 1820 - Soybean; 1710 - Upland cotton;

Field Of Science
1120 - Nematology;
Goals / Objectives
1. Characterize genetic and biological variation in nematodes relevant to crop production and trade. 2. Determine nematode adaptation processes to hosts, agro-ecosystems and environments. 3. Develop and assess nematode management strategies in agricultural production systems.
Project Methods
Many of the cropping systems we are studying involve complex, multi-year rotations requiring several years of experimentation to test the various permutations of cropping sequences, the durability of resistance relative to nematode selection for virulence, and nematode adaptation to environment and to other control measures. Efforts under W-3186 have laid the foundations for integrating new approaches to nematode management that consider the genetic variability extant in nematode species. Additional study and modification of these systems for managing nematodes is necessary in order to design and optimize new integrated strategies. Coupled with these efforts, new DNA sequence based techniques have developed rapidly in the last five years and their versatility and knowledge value has increased tremendously, while at the same time their costs of application to nematode diagnostics and research into nematode variation has dropped considerably. These advances in molecular protocols are also applicable for selection of nematode resistance traits in crop plants for plant breeding. We must take advantage of these new resources and apply them to the nematode-crop systems and invasive nematode threats that the project members are familiar with and for which representative samples and populations are available. The availability and overall desirability and cost effectiveness, plus the increasing actual or potential introduction of invasive nematode species places added pressure on our need to develop alternative nematode management strategies coupled with efficient diagnostics, a primary goal of the proposed project.

Progress 10/01/20 to 09/30/21

Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiences include international and national scientists, graduate and undergraduate students, extension scientists, consultants, and growers. We have published and reported our findings at meetings addresses to scientists and students as well as growers and consultants Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?In 2021 we hosted the Society of Nematology annual meeting at the Gulf Shores State Park and 128 scientists, post docs, and graduate students attended the event. We presented multiple talks and participated in all the presentations given over the three-day meeting. Four graduate students and 4 undergraduate students were also trained in applied nematology IPM projects during 2021. We also worked with several consultants and growers in field crops with our trials. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been disseminated through a book chapter and refereed journal articles which are open access so anyone with internet access can find, read, and build on the information. Peer-reviewed journal articles were published and those are available to others in the industry because the journal requires membership to access them. Presentations were given in person and recorded by zoom and videos are available for viewing. The zoom access has expanded our dissemination at our meetings as interested parties can watch without traveling. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will repeat many of our tests to determine the repeatability of the results we observed in 2021. We plan to publish our accumulated findings in another book chapter and more refereed publications.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Objective 1: Characterize genetic and biological variation in nematodes relevant to crop production and trade.Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) and Rotylenchulus reniformis (reniform nematode) account for an estimated 7% of the cotton lost in Alabama in 2020. New nematode-resistant cotton cultivars and new nematicides are becoming available to help manage nematode yield reductions. The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine the yield potential of the new M. incognita resistance variety PHY 360 W3FE and the R. reniformis resistant variety PHY 332 W3FE in nematode infested fields and 2) to determine the additional benefit of adding the new nematicide Fluazaindolizine, with Vydate® C-LV (Oxamyl), and the seed treatment TRiOTM with genetic resistance to further enhance yields. TRiOTM is an on-seed application of products including fungicides, insecticides, and biological nematicides. In 2020, four field trials were established in nematode-infested fields and arranged as a RCBD with five replications. A Vydate® C-LV and Fluazaindolizine mixture was applied at planting as an in-furrow spray across two resistant cultivars, PHY 360 W3FE and PHY 332 W3FE, and a susceptible cultivar, PHY 340 W3FE to further reduce nematode population levels. Field trials indicated that both M. incognita and R. reniformis eggs per gram of root were significantly (P > 0.05) lower on the resistant cotton cultivars, PHY 360 W3FE and PHY 332 W3FE, at 45 days after planting compared to the control PHY 340 W3FE without nematicides. M. incognita population levels were 84% lower on PHY 360 W3FE compared to PHY 340 W3FE and R. reniformis populations were 78% lower on the PHY 332 W3FE variety compared to PHY 340 W3FE. Nematode eggs per gram of root were further reduced after addition of Vydate® C-LV and Fluazaindolizine to both susceptible and resistant varieties. In the M. incognita tests, PHY 360 W3FE with TRiOT M + Vydate® C-LV + Fluazaindolizine at the high nematicide rate supported the greatest lint yield (1571 kg/ha), which was increased by 419 kg/ha over the lowest yielding treatment, PHY 340 W3FE + TRiOTM (1152 kg/ha). The addition of the nematicides improved yield by 34 and 15 kg/ha for PHY 340 W3FE and PHY 360 W3FE, respectively. In the R. reniformis tests, PHY 332 W3FE with TRiOTM + Vydate® C-LV + Fluazaindolizine at the medium nematicide rate, supported the greatest yields (2137 kg/ha) which was increased by 1288 kg/ha over the lowest yielding treatment, PHY 340 W3FE. The addition of the nematicides improved yield by 572 and 293 kg/ha for PHY 340 W3FE and PHY 332 W3FE, respectively. Over all, the use of the resistant varieties significantly increases yield while limiting nematode population density; the addition of the nematicides also further enhanced yields of the PHY 360 W3FE and PHY 332 W3FE, nematode-resistant varieties. Objective 3: Develop and assess nematode management strategies in agricultural production systems. Plant-parasitic nematodes are major pests on upland cotton worldwide and in the United States. The reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis, and the southern root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita are some of the most damaging nematodes on cotton in the United States. Current management strategies focus on reducing nematode populations with nematicides. The objective of this research was to integrate additional fertilizer and nematicide combinations into current practices to establish economical nematode management strategies while promoting cotton yield and profit. Microplot and field trials were run to evaluate fertilizer and nematicide combinations applied at the pinhead square (PHS) and first bloom (FB) plant growth stages to reduce nematode population density and promote plant growth and yield. Cost efficiency was evaluated based on profit from lint yields and chemical input costs. Data combined from 2019 and 2020 suggested a nematicide seed treatment (ST) ST + (NH4)2SO4 + Vydate® C-LV + Max-In® Sulfur was the most effective in increasing seed cotton yields in the R. reniformis microplot trials. In R. reniformis field trials, a nematicide ST + (NH4)2SO4 + Vydate® C-LV at PHS supported the largest lint yield and profit per hectare at $1176. In M. incognita field trials, a nematicide ST + 28-0-0-5 + Vydate® C-LV + Max-In® Sulfur at PHS and FB supported the largest lint yields and profit per hectare at $784. These results suggest that combinations utilizing fertilizers and nematicides in addition to current fertility management show potential to promote yield and profit in R. reniformis and M. incognita infested cotton fields.

Publications

  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Lawrence, Kathy S. 2021. Reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) and its interactions with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Chapter 14: pages 94-100 in Integrated nematode management: state of the art and visions for the future. eds Richard Sikora, Johan Desaeger and Leendert Molendijk for CABI. DOI: 10.1079/9781789247541.0014
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Beckmann J.F., Dormitorio T., Oladipupo, S. O., Terra, M. T. B., Lawrence, K., Macklin, K.S., Hauck, R., Heterakis gallinarum and Histomonas meleagridis DNA Persists in Chicken Houses Years after Depopulation, Veterinary Parasitology (2021), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109536
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Sanchez, WinDi, David Shapiro, Geoff Williams, and Kathy Lawrence. 2021. Entomopathogenic nematode management of small hive beetles (Aethina tumida) in three native Alabama soils under low moisture conditions. Journal of Nematology 53:1-14. DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2021-063.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Lawaju BR, Groover W, Kelton J, Conner K, Sikora E, Lawrence KS. 2021. First report of Meloidogyne incognita infecting Cannabis sativa in Alabama. Journal of Nematology. 2021 May 1;53:e2021-52. doi: 10.21307/jofnem-2021-052. PMID: 33959722; PMCID: PMC8098102.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Hassan, Mohannad K., Kathy S. Lawrence, Edward J. Sikora, Mark R. Liles, and Joseph W. Kloepper. 2021. Enhanced biological control of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, by combined inoculation of cotton or soybean seeds with a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium and pectin-rich orange peel. Journal of Nematology 53:1-17. DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2021-058.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Klink, Vincent P., Omar Darwish, Nadim W. Alkharouf & Katherine S. Lawrence. 2021. The impact of pRAP vectors on plant genetic transformation and pathogenesis studies including an analysis of BRI1-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE 1 (BAK1)-mediated resistance. Journal of Plant Interactions, 16:1, 270-283, DOI: 10.1080/17429145.2021.1940328.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Land, Caroline J., Gary E. Vallad, Johan Desaeger, Edzard Van Santen, Joe Noling, and Kathy Lawrence. 2021. Supplemental fumigant placement improves root-knot and Fusarium wilt management for tomatoes produced on a raised bed, plasti-culture system in Floridas Myakka fine sand. Plant Disease https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/pdf/10.1094/PDIS-03-21-0543-RE
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nyaku, S. T., V. R. Sripathi, K. Lawrence, and G. Sharma. 2021. Characterizing Repeats in Two Whole-Genome Amplification Methods in the Reniform Nematode Genome. International Journal of Genomics. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5532885.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Turner, A. K., Lawrence, K. S., Gordon, K., Dyer, D., Lawaju, B., Rondon, M., Norris, C. 2020. Management strategies utilizing seed treatments to combat yield loss from reniform nematode on cotton. Report No. 15:N010. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. https://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/trial/PDMR/reports/2021/N010.pdf
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Turner, A. K., Lawrence, K. S., Gordon, K., Dyer, D., Lawaju, B., Rondon, M., Norris, C. 2020. Soybean seed treatment combinations for decreasing reniform nematode population density in North Alabama. Report No. 15:N009. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. https://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/trial/PDMR/reports/2021/N009.pdf
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Turner, A. K., Lawrence, K. S., Gordon, K., Dyer, D., Lawaju, B., Rondon, M., Richburg, J., Norris, C. 2020. Nematicide and cotton variety combinations for decreasing reniform nematode populations in North Alabama. Report No.15:N016. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. https://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/trial/PDMR/reports/2021/N016.pdf
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Turner, A. K., Lawrence, K. S., Gordon, K., Dyer, D., Lawaju, B., Rondon, M., Norris, C. 2020. Nematicide and cotton variety combinations for decreasing root-knot nematode populations in Central Alabama. Report No. 15:N017. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. https://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/trial/PDMR/reports/2021/N017.pdf
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Kathy S. Lawrence, Austin Hagan, Randy Norton, Jiahuai Hu, Travis R. Faske, Robert B Hutmacher, John Muller, Ian Small, Zane J. Grabau, Robert C. Kemerait, Doug Jardine, Paul Price, Thomas W. Allen, Calvin D Meeks, John Idowu, Lindsey D. Thiessen, Seth A. Byrd, Jerry Goodson, Heather Kelly, Terry Wheeler, Thomas Isakeit and Hillary L. Mehl. 2020. Cotton Disease Loss Estimate Committee Report, 2020. Proceedings of the 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 117-119. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2020/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Kara Gordon, Kathy S. Lawrence, Drew Schrimsher and Brad Meyer. 2020. A Cost-Effective Prescription Management Strategy Utilizing Fertilizers and Nematicides to Combat Yield Losses from Rotylenchulus reniformis on Cotton. Proceedings of the 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 169-171. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2020/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Bisho Ram Lawaju and Kathy S. Lawrence. 2020. Evaluation of Salibro as a New Nematicide for Cotton Production Systems. Proceedings of the 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 458-463. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2020/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Drew Schrimsher, Brad Meyer, Kathy S. Lawrence, Bisho Ram Lawaju, Marina Rondon, Will Groover, David R Dyer and Kara Gordon. 2020. Cotton Cultivar Response to CLRDV as Influenced By Planting Dates. Proceedings of the 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 388-391. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2020/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Travis R. Faske, Thomas W. Allen, Zane J. Grabau, Jiahuai Hu, Robert C. Kemerait, Kathy S. Lawrence, Hillary L. Mehl, John Mueller, Paul Price, Lindsey D. Thiessen, and Terry A Wheeler. 2020. Beltwide Nematode Research and Education Committee Report on Field Performance of Seed and Soil-Applied Nematicides, 2019. Proceedings of the 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 192-196. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2020/index.htm


Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20

Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiances include international and national scientest, graduate and undergraudate students, extension scientests, consultants and growers. We have published and reprted our findings at meetings addresses to scientests and studetns as well as growers and consultants. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Five graduate students and 4 undergraduate students were trained in applied nematology IPM projects during 2020. We also worked with several consultants in field crops and in golf courses and field crop growers with our trials. I also produced a video on Nematode resistant cotton varieties with the AAES Short course series, which was well received. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been disseminated through a book chapter, and refereed journal articles which are open access so anyone with internet access can find, read, and build on the information. Peer-reviewed journal articles were published and those are available to others in the industry because the journal requires membership to access them. Presentations were given by zoom and videos since in person meetings were not conducted this season. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will repeat many of our tests to determine the repeatability of the results we observed in 2020. We plan to publish our accumulated finding in a book chapter and more refereed publications. In 2021 we will host the Society of Nematology annual meeting at the Gulf Shores State Park and expect 100 scientists to attend the event.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Plant-parasitic nematodes are a major pest of turfgrass in the United States, yet there are few options for successful management. The goal of this study was to evaluate a new nematicide, fluazaindolizine (Reklemel™ active), for its ability to reduce plant-parasitic nematode population density and improve turfgrass quality. Separate research trials were conducted on bermudagrass infested with Belonolaimus longicaudatus and Meloidogyne incognita in greenhouse, microplot, and field settings over 2018 and 2019. Both greenhouse evaluations demonstrated multiple rates of fluazaindolizine reduced B. longicaudatus population density, and one of the two M. incognita trials showed multiple rates of fluazaindolizine reduced nematode population density. Reklemel was also effective at reducing population density of both B. longicaudatus and M. incognita in microplot settings for both 2018 and 2019, and a significant improvement in turf quality was observed for both visual turfgrass ratings and NDVI. Field trials demonstrated a significant reduction for both B. longicaudatus and M. incognita population density by multiple rates of fluazaindolizine, but no significant differences in turf quality ratings were observed. Overall, fluazaindolizine shows promise as a chemical nematicide for plant-parasitic nematode management on turfgrass. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (FOV), and Meloidogyne incognita are combined in the Fusarium wilt disease complex of cotton and have been causing losses in the cotton industry around the world for more than 125 years. The goal of this study was to evaluate the use of fluazaindolizine (Reklemel™ active), for its ability to lower M. incognita population density, its effects on FOV, and its usefulness in management the FOV-nematode disease complex. The objectives of this study were 1) evaluate the impact of ReklemelTM on the growth of FOV isolates in vitro and 2) assess cotton growth, yield, and disease incidence with the application of ReklemelTM under greenhouse and field conditions. In vitro testing revealed that FOV isolates were affected by ReklemelTM at varying rates among the races/genotypes that were tested. EC50 (effective concentration to reduce 50% of mycelial growth) values ranged from a low of 14.6 mg/L with race 2 to a high of 187.6 mg/L with the genotype LA-108. In greenhouse testing, ReklemelTM significantly reduced M. incognita population density but had no significant effect on Fusarium wilt incidence. However, in the field, ReklemelTM reduced both M. incognita population density and Fusarium wilt incidence. This reduction in FOV incidence was not observed with the treatment of Velum TotalTM which had statistically similar reductions in M. incognita egg population density. Rotylenchulus reniformis causes yield loss in cotton across the mid-south and southeastern region. Our objective was to quantify the yield loss due to Rotylenchulus reniformis and document any yield increase from the addition of a nematicide. Field trials were established in two adjacent fields, one was infested with R. reniformis and one where R. reniformis was not detected. In both fields, seven cotton cultivars were planted with and without Velum Total (1.02 L/ha). In 2017, R. reniformis reduced cultivar yields by an average of 59% between the non-infested and the R. reniformis infested field. The nematicide application increased seed cotton yields in the R. reniformis field by 55% and no yield increase was observed in the non-infested field. In 2018, R. reniformis reduced seed cotton yields by an average of 42% between the non-infested field and the R. reniformis infested field. Across the cultivars, addition of the nematicide increased seed cotton yields by an average of 6% in the R. reniformis infested field and an average of 8% in the non-infested field. The nematicide reduced R. reniformis eggs per gram of root by an average of 92% in 2017 and 78% in 2018 across all cotton cultivars. Overall R. reniformis reduced seed cotton yields by 50% which was equivalent to 2,225 kg/ha.

Publications

  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Lawrence, K. S. and G. W. Lawrence. 2020. Plant-Parasitic Nematode Management Chapter 12: pages 164-180 in Conservation Tillage Systems: Production, Profitability and Stewardship. eds J. Bergtold, R. Raper, G. Hawkins, and K. Iversen. CRC Press LLC.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Lawaju BR, Niraula P, Lawrence GW, Lawrence KS and Klink VP. (2020). The Glycine max Conserved Oligomeric Golgi (COG) Complex Functions during a Defense Response to Heterodera glycines. Frontiers of Plant Science. 11:564495.doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.564495
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Groover, W., and K. S. Lawrence. 2020. Plant health evaluations of Belonolaimus longicaudatus and Meloidogyne incognita colonized bermudagrass using remote sensing. Journal of Nematoloogy 52:1-13. DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2020-109
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Dyer, David R., William Groover, Kathy S. Lawrence. 2020. Yield loss of cotton cultivars due to Rotylenchulus reniformis and the added benefit of a nematicide. Plant Health Progress 21:113-118. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHP-10-19-0073-RS
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Groover, Will, David Held, Kathy Lawrence, and Kendra Carson. 2020. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria: a novel management strategy for Meloidogyne incognita on turfgrass. Pest Management Science DOI 10.1002/ps.5867
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Groover, W., K. S. Lawrence, and P. Donald. 2020. Temporal distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes on select bermudagrass sites in Alabama. Nematropica 50:77-85. https://journals.flvc.org/nematropica/article/view/124876
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Subedi, Pratima, Kaitlin Gattoni, Wenshan Liu, Kathy S. Lawrence, and Sang-Wook Park, 2020. Current utility of plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria as biological control agents towards plant-parasitic nematodes. MDPI Plants 9: 1167. DOI:10.3390/plants9091167
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Sharma, Keshav, Prakash M. Niraula, Hallie A. Troell, Mandeep Adhikari, Hamdan Ali Alshehri, Nadim W. Alkharouf, Kathy S. Lawrence & Vincent P. Klink. 2020. Exocyst components promote an incompatible interaction between Glycine max (soybean) and Heterodera glycines (the soybean cyst nematode). Scientific Reports 10:15003. doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-72126-z
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Avelar, Sofia, Roberto Ramos-Sabrinho, Kassie Conner, Robert L. Nichols, Kathy Lawrence, and Judith K. Brown. 2020. Characterization of the Complete Genome and P0 Protein for a Previously Unreported Genotype of Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Virus, an Introduced Polerovirus in the United States. Plant Disease 104:780-786. doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-19-1316-RE
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Kathy S. Lawrence, Austin Hagan, Randy Norton, Jiahuai Hu, Travis R. Faske, Robert B Hutmacher, John Muller, Ian Small, Zane J. Grabau, Robert C. Kemerait, Doug Jardine, Paul Price, Thomas W. Allen, Calvin D Meeks, John Idowu, Lindsey D. Thiessen, Seth A. Byrd, Jerry Goodson, Heather Kelly, Terry Wheeler, Thomas Isakeit and Hillary L. Mehl. 2020. Cotton Disease Loss Estimate Committee Report, 2020. Proceedings of the 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 117-119. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2020/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Heather Kelly, Rachel R. Guyer, Shelly Neill Pate, Thomas W. Allen, Tessie H. Wilkerson, P. D. Colyer, Thomas Isakeit, Robert C. Kemerait, Kathy S. Lawrence, Hillary L. Mehl, Paul Price, Alejandro Rojas, Lindsey D. Thiessen and Terry A. Wheeler. 2020. Report of the Cottonseed treatment committee for 2019. Proceedings of the 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 393-402. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2020/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Kathy S. Lawrence, Tyler Sandlin, Andy Page, Tyson B Raper, Heather Kelly, Brad Meyer and Nathan Silvey. 2020. Cotton Cultivar Disease Incidence, Severity, and Yields When Challenged with Verticillium Wilt in the Tennessee Valley Region, 2019. Proceedings of the 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 112-116. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2020/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Kara Gordon, Kathy S. Lawrence, Drew Schrimsher and Brad Meyer. 2020. A Cost-Effective Prescription Management Strategy Utilizing Fertilizers and Nematicides to Combat Yield Losses from Rotylenchulus reniformis on Cotton. Proceedings of the 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 169-171. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2020/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Bisho Ram Lawaju and Kathy S. Lawrence. 2020. Evaluation of Salibro as a New Nematicide for Cotton Production Systems. Proceedings of the 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 458-463. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2020/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Drew Schrimsher, Brad Meyer, Kathy S. Lawrence, Bisho Ram Lawaju, Marina Rondon, Will Groover, David R Dyer and Kara Gordon. 2020. Cotton Cultivar Response to CLRDV as Influenced By Planting Dates. Proceedings of the 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 388-391. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2020/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Marina Nunes Rondon and Kathy Lawrence. 2020. G143A Mutation in the Cytochrome B Gene Detected from Corynespora cassiicola Isolates in Alabama. Proceedings of the 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 202-206. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2020/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Shelly Neill Pate, Heather Kelly, Rachel R. Guyer, Thomas W. Allen, Tessie H. Wilkerson, P. D. Colyer, Kathy S. Lawrence, Thomas Isakeit, Robert C. Kemerait, Hillary L. Mehl, Paul Price, Alejandro Rojas, Lindsey D. Thiessen and Terry A. Wheeler. 2020. An Assessment of Seed Treatment Efficacy and Cotton Seedling Disease Presence Using Innovative Techniques. Proceedings of the 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 327-328. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2020/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Travis R. Faske, Thomas W. Allen, Zane J. Grabau, Jiahuai Hu, Robert C. Kemerait, Kathy S. Lawrence, Hillary L. Mehl, John Mueller, Paul Price, Lindsey D. Thiessen, and Terry A Wheeler. 2020. Beltwide Nematode Research and Education Committee Report on Field Performance of Seed and Soil-Applied Nematicides, 2019. Proceedings of the 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 192-196. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2020/index.htm
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: D. R. Dyer, K.S. Lawrence, W. Groover, D. Dyer, M. Rondon, K. Gattoni, W. Sanchez, K. Gordon. 2020. Evaluation of nematicide products for increasing cotton plant growth and yield and decreasing reniform nematode population density on cotton in North Alabama, 2019. Plant Disease Management Reports 14:N007. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. https://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/trial/pdmr/reports/2020/N007.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: D. R. Dyer, K.S. Lawrence, W. Groover, D. Dyer, M. Rondon, K. Gattoni, W. Sanchez, K. Gordon. 2020. Evaluation of Salibro for increasing cotton plant growth and decreasing root-knot nematode population density and fusarium wilt incidence on cotton in central Alabama, 2019. Disease Management Reports 14:N006. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/trial/pdmr/reports/2020/N006.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Kara Gordon, K.S. Lawrence, W. Groover; D. Dyer; M. Rondon, W. Sanchez. 2020. Management strategies utilizing nematicides to combat yield loss from reniform nematode on cotton, 2019. Plant Disease Management Reports 14:N013. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/trial/pdmr/reports/2020/N013.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: B.R. Lawaju, K.S. Lawrence, W. Groover, D. Dyer, M. Rondon, K. Gattoni, W. Sanchez, K. Gordon. 2020. Combinations of seed treatments for seedling disease management in cotton in northern Alabama, 2019. Plant Disease Management Reports 14:CF053. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/trial/pdmr/reports/2020/CF053.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: B.R. Lawaju, K.S. Lawrence, W. Groover, D. Dyer, M. Rondon, K. Gattoni, W. Sanchez, K. Gordon. 2020. Fungicide seed treatments for management of seedling disease in cotton in northern Alabama, 2019. Plant Disease Management Reports 14:CF052. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/trial/pdmr/reports/2020/CF052.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Marina Nunes Rondon, K.S. Lawrence, W. Groover; D. Dyer, B.R. Lawaju, K. Gordon. 2020. Nematicide seed treatments for reniform nematode management on soybean in north Alabama, 2019. Plant Disease Management Reports 14:CF038. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/trial/pdmr/reports/2020/CF038.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: B.R. Lawaju, K.S. Lawrence, W. Groover, D. Dyer, M. Rondon, K. Gattoni, W. Sanchez, K. Gordon. 2020. Evaluation of fungicides for management of damping-off in cotton in north Alabama, 2019. Plant Disease Management Reports 14:CF054. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/trial/pdmr/reports/2020/CF054.pdf


Progress 01/29/19 to 09/30/19

Outputs
Target Audience:Our target audiences are the growers and agricultural industry professionals workin gwith in our region on similar crops or similar pathogens. We als incorporate Auburn University undergraduates and graduates students into the research projects training them for future agriculture industry careers. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Six graduate students and four undegraduate students were trained in field plot desing and analysis utilizing efficacy and breeding traits in multiple cropping systems. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Faculty, post docs, and graduate students have presented the research findings at area production meetings, national crop conferences, and international scientific meetings to facilitate dissemination of the knowledge gained through these research projects. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will continue our reseach projects in 2020. One PhD student will graduate and another will begin in May of 2020. OUr lab groups will presented the research findings at the ICN international congress of nematology, national crop conferences, and grower production meetings, to facilitate dissemination of the knowledge gained. We will improve with new technologies included twitter and instagram to inform the public of current trends and results as we see them daily.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? The objective of our turf project is to evaluate Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) for their ability to detect plant-parasitic nematode damage in turf grass through the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Red Edge Index (NDRE) in conjunction with nematicide applications. Both of the indexes used in this study are closely associated with plant health. All nematicides initially led to a significant reduction of M. incognita populations and all but abamectin reducted B. longicaudatus densities as well (P ≤ 0.05). Two months after application, fluopyram continued to support lower nematode numbers than the untreated control (P ≤ 0.05). Abamectin continued to significantly lower M. incognita populations. Both fluopyram and abamectin increased NDVI and NDRE values compared to the untreated control, indicating an increase in plant vigor (P ≤ 0.05). Overall, nematicides were effective at lowering both M. incognita and B. longicaudatus populations in turf, and positive trends were observed for both NDVI and NDRE indexes for plant health analysis. This data shows that NDVI and NDRE can be valuable vigor assessments for tracking nematode populations in turfgrass. The overall objective of the cotton study documented the effects of M. incognita population density and resistance traits of the cotton to FOV. A total of 132 isolates of FOV were collected throughout the season representing 7 different races. The most prominent race of FOV was race 1, a race known to have a strong interaction with M. incognita. The highest nematode population density was recorded on the two Pima cotton varieties, Phytogen 800 and Pima S7 . However, low rates of FOV infection, 8% on Phytogen 800 and 4% on Pima S7, were recorded on these varieties which may be due to resistance traits to FOV that are possessed by these varieties. The highest FOV incidence (16%) was on Rowden variety of upland cotton which also supported the highest M. incognita population density of any upland cotton varieties. A similar rate of FOV infection (14%) was recorded on the upland cotton cultivar DP 1558NR B2XF. This is a M. incognita resistant cotton cultivar that supported low population density of nematodes; however, the variety is also susceptible to FOV. This demonstrates that nematode resistance alone is not sufficient to protect against FOV. Our objective in this project was to quantify the yield loss due to Rotylenchulus reniformis and document any yield increase from the addition of a nematicide. Field trials were established in two adjacent fields, one was infested with R. reniformis and one where R. reniformis was not detected. In both fields, seven cotton cultivars were planted with and without Velum Total (1.02 L/ha). In 2017, R. reniformis reduced cultivar yields by an average of 59% between the non-infested and the R. reniformis infested field. The nematicide application increased seed cotton yields in the R. reniformis field by 55% and no yield increase was observed in the non-infested field. In 2018, R. reniformis reduced seed cotton yields by an average of 42% between the non-infested field and the R. reniformis infested field. Across the cultivars, the addition of the nematicide increased seed cotton yields by an average of 6% in the R. reniformis infested field and an average of 8% in the non-infested field. The nematicide reduced R. reniformis eggs per gram of root by an average of 92% in 2017 and 78% in 2018 across all cotton cultivars. Overall R. reniformis reduced seed cotton yields by 50% which was equivalent to 2,225 kg/ha.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2020 Citation: Groover, W., K.S. Lawrence, and P. Donald. 2019. Reproductive rate differences of root-knot nematodes from multiple crops in a single field. Nematropica 49:00-00 (In Press).
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Hannah W. Austin, Brant T. McNeece, Keshav Sharma, Prakash M. Niraula, Katheryn S. Lawrence and Vincent P. Klink. 2019. An expanded role of the SNARE-containing regulon as it relates to the defense process that Glycine max has to Heterodera glycines. Journal of Plant Interactions 14:1. 276-283, DOI: 10.1080/17429145.2019.1622043.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Disi, J. O., Mohammad, H.K., Lawrence, K., Kloepper, J., and Fadamiro, H. 2019. A soil bacterium can shape belowground interactions between maize, herbivores and entomopathogenic nematodes. Plant Soil 437:8392. doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-03957-7.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: McNeece, B. T. Sharma, K. Lawrence, G. W., Lawrence, K. S. and Klink, V. P. 2019. The mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) gene family functions as a cohort during the Glycine max defense response to Heterodera glycines. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 137:25-41. doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.01.018.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Hall, M. Kathy S. Lawrence, Dennis A. Shannon, Tia Gonzalez, Molli Newman. 2019. Southern Root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita Kofoid and White) Chitwood syspectibility to Tumeric (Curcuma longa L.) accessions. International Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal Plants 2:007. DOI :10.29011/IJARMP-107.100007
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gattoni, Kaitlin, Ni Xiang, B. Lawaju, K. S. Lawrence, S. W. Park, and J. W. Kloepper. 2019. Potential mechanism of action for Bacillus spp. inducing resistance to Meloidogyne incognita on cotton. Journal of Nematology 51: (In Press).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: Groover, W. and K. S. Lawrence. 2019. Unmanned aerial system imagery analysis of modern turf grass nematicides. Journal of Nematology 51: (In Press).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: Dyer, David and K. S. Lawrence. 2019. Effect of Meloidogyne incognita populations density on the prevalence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum races. Journal of Nematology 51: (In Press).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: Rondon, Marina Nunes, B. Lawaju, W. Groover, D. Dyer, K. Gattoni, W. Sanchez, and K. S. Lawrence. 2019. Nematicide application through drip irrigation systems for Southern Root-knot nematode management. Journal of Nematology 51: (In Press).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: Park, Sang Wook, Wenshan Liu, Alexis L. Jones, Heather N. Gosse, and K. S. Lawrence. 2019. Root exudates convey host-specific messages that control the short-range underground orientation of plant parasitic nematodes. Journal of Nematology 51: (In Press).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: Sanchez, WinDi, G. Williams, and K. S. Lawrence. 2019. Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes on small hive beetles (Aethina tumida) in kalmia loamy sand. Journal of Nematology 51: (In Press).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Dyer, David and Kathy S. Lawrence. 2019. Use of a Liquid Fertilizer (AgraLi) to Reduce Rotylenchulus reniformis Population Density and Increase Cotton Yields. Proceedings of the 2019 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 363. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2019/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gattoni, Kaitlin, Ni Xaing, Bisho R. Lawaju, Kathy S. Lawrence, and Joseph W. Kloepper. 2019. Systenic response stimulated by Bacillus spp. can manage Meloidogyne incognita population densitiy in Gossypium hirsutum. Proceedings of the 2019 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 114-122. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2019/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Groover, W. K. S. Lawrence, and D. Dyer. 2019. Yield loss of cotton cultivars due to the reniform nematode and the added benefit of Velum Total. Proceedings of the 2019 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 333-336. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2019/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Lawrence, Kathy S., Austin Hagan, Randy Norton, Jiahuai Hu, Travis R. Faske, Robert B. Hutmacher, John Mueller, Ian Small, Zane J. Grabau, Robert C. Kemerait, Paul Price, Tom W. Allen, Sam Atwell, John Idowu, Lindsey D. Thiessen, Seth A. Byrd, Jerry Goodson, Heather Kelly, Terry A. Wheeler, Thomas Isakeit and Hillary L. Mehl. 2019. Cotton Disease Loss Estimate Committee Report, 2018. Proceedings of the 2019 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 54-56. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2019/index.htm
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Faske, Travis R., Tom W. Allen, Z. Grabau, Robert Kemerait, Kathy S. Lawrence, Hillary L. Mehl, Charlie Overstreet, Lindsey D. Thiessen, and Terry A. Wheeler. 2019. Beltwide Nematode Research and Education Committee Report on Field Performance of Seed-Applied and Soil-Applied Nematicides, 2018. Proceedings of the 2019 Beltwide Cotton Conference Vol. 1: 364-371. National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2019/index.htm