Progress 10/01/20 to 09/30/21
Outputs
Target Audience:In this reporting season, we did not conduct any extension around our research. We restarted our work after a one-year hiatus due to COVID-19. Once we have products to share, our target audience will be extension agents and growers. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Students at all of the participating institutions participated in data collection, developing weed seedling identification skills, a useful and difficult skill set. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?
Nothing Reported
What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?In the next year of the grant, we intend to use this year's data to refine our weed emergence model and develop a decision tool using the results of that work. The model will be posted on the Northeast Environment and Weather Applications website (newa.cornell.edu/crop-and-pest-management). We will also collect a third year of weed emergence data for further refinement of our models, andcomplete the scoping review of weed emergence literature.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We collected our second year of field data, and re-started our scoping review of weed emergence modeling literature. Our contributors deployed the field sensors purchased before the COVID lockdown in 2020. Our partnership collected data in New York (3 locations), New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Virginia (2 locations).
Publications
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Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20
Outputs
Target Audience:We educated undergraduate students in the Cornell Integrated Pest Management course about the changes expected with climate change on weed seedling emergence and the complexities ofmodeling and predicting weedemergence. We reached the weed science community with an update on our project and the changes to the models that our data suggested from the first year of data collection. Changes/Problems:We determined that sensor systems for soil moisture and temperature were needed to develop a more accurate model for the predictive tool. As a result, we submitted and were approved for a budget modification to reallocate funds to the purchase of the sensor systems. The coronavirus pandemic halted this project, and all but one of our field sites collected no data in 2020. We paused both work and spending on this project from March 2020, and will collect our second year of data in 2021 and the third in 2022. We received a no-cost extension to support this change. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Our visiting scholar, Carlos Santos of the University of Seville, had the opportunity for substantial training in weed seedling emergence modeling with Mohsen Mesgaren of UC Davis, one of our mulitstate collaborators. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Our progress was presented by Caroline Marschner at the 2020 NEPPSC conference in Philadelphia, PA, and to the Cornell University Integrated Pest Management course through the lens of weed emergence and climate change. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We plan to conduct our winter meetings, send the new sensor systems to our collaborators, and conduct our second field season this year (2021). We will continue to work on the review paper for the project. The next round of revisions for the model will fall in the 2022 fiscal year, as will development of the public-facing prediction model.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
From October of 2019 through February of 2020, we planned and executed our first year of data collection, compiled the resulting data, and updated our emergence models with assistance from all of our partners. Mohsen Mesgaren of UC Davis and Carlos Santos of the University of Seville were key to this first years' work, especially in the model development area. Our progress were presented by Caroline Marschner at the 2020 NEPPSC conference in Philadelphia, PA, and we held two winter collaboratormeetings to update our research plans and organize the upcoming field season. As our first season of data were collected, it became clear that we needed more reliable in-field data collection for soil moisture and temperature. We submitted a revision to our budget to purchase field sensor equipment for this project, which was accepted, and received the sensors in March of 2020 for the 2020 field season. In March 2020, the novel coronavirus pandemic and the resultinglockdowns at universities across the US precluded most of our partners, including our own lab, from initiating our 2020 field season in time to capture weed seedling emergence for our target species (March-April emergence initiation, depending on the state).In order to retain the ability to collect the three years of data necessary for this project, we stopped all spending and work on this project and received a one-year no cost extension, resulting in a grant end date of September 2022.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Marschner, C., Degaetano, A., Sousa-Ortega, C., VanGessel, M.J., & DiTommaso, A. (2020). Comparing models for weed seedling emergence in the Northeast. Proceedings of the Northeastern Plant, Pest and Soils Conference.
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Progress 12/12/18 to 09/30/19
Outputs
Target Audience:Information from the project was presented to weed and plantscientists at the 2019 Northeast Plant, Pests, and Soils conference in Hunt Valley, Maryland from January 8-10. ~20 scientists attending. The project was presented to ~30 Cornell University undergraduate students as part of the Weed Ecology and Management course August 28 & 29, 2019. The project was presented to ~8 Cornell University graduate students as part of the graduate level Weed Management seminar on March 28, 2019. Information from the project was presented to growers onMay 8, 2019, at the North Jersey Commercial Fruit Grower Twilight Meeting II (Rutgers University Snyder Research and Extension Farm, Pittstown, NJ) Information from the project was presented to growers on August 7, 2019, at the RAREC Vegetable Twilight Meeting and Research Tour (Rutgers Agricultural Research & Extension Center, Bridgeton, NJ) Preliminary results from the project were shared as part of a talk on weed identification resources in New York to extension educators and related personnel on November 14th at the Cornell Cooperative Extension 2018 Agricultural In-Service. Results were shared in talks in boththe horticultureand agriculture tracks. Changes/Problems:Bill Phillips, our collaborator in Maryland, had to remove himself from the project for health reasons. Happily, Theresa Pisckacova joined the project, adding a state and maintaining our state count at 8 while expanding our geographic range. Our project requires soil moisture sensors and data loggers, which we did not anticipate when writing the grant. We will be taking funds from travel and other pieces of the budget and reallocating them to the purchase of these sensors and data loggers. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Most states used undergraduate summer helpers to collect data, which is an excellent training opportunity for advanced weed identification skills. As this experiment checks weekly emergence, students develop skills identifying weeds at the cotyledon and first-leaf stage, which is critical for effective weed management in agriculture. These students receive one-on-one field instruction from weed science technical staff and scientists. Carlos Sousa was a visiting graduate student from the University of Seville, Spain. He brought modeling expertise to the project, and received close assistance and instruction from Dr. Mesgaren on how to fine-tune emergence models. Theresa Pisckacova is a graduate student atNorth Carolina State University, who singelhandedly added North Carolina to our data set. She is developing expertise in project management and interstate project collaboration. Caroline Marschner is developing project management skills while leading this project. She attended Cornell Cooperative Extension's Program Management Leadership Cohort course, which has supported both this project and Smith-Lever Project #2018-19-268: Development of a Weed Identification Network for New York State. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?
Nothing Reported
What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?In year 2, we will present our current models to the Northeast Plant, Pest, and Soils Conference in Philadelphia, PA in January of 2020. We will hold our annual meeting at that conference, discuss changes to field plans for the next year, and recruit new researchers if possible. We will purchase and deploy soil moisture sensors during the 2020 field season. We will continue to work on model refinement, including testing of equation component values from existing literature, experimentation with biphasic equations, and modeling sub-regions of our trial separately to account for regional phenotypic variability. We will continue to work on the scoping review of weed emergence literature, and present our findings to undergraduate students and growers.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
1) We worked with scientists from Spain, California, and New York to improve the models for emergence in our region. We worked with six site-years of preliminary data collected in New York and Delaware, and explored model variables such as the kind of equation used, the start of growing degree day accumulation, the lower threshholds for growing degree day accumulation, moisture threshholds for emergence of each species, and lag periods before emergence initiation. Working with Carlos Sousa from the University of Seville, Spain, Dr. Mohsen Mesgaren of the University of California at Davis, and Art DiGaetano of Cornell University's Department of Atmospheric Sciences, we compared model methods and explored resources for geospatial data the online model could use for soil texture information and temperature, precipitation, and soil mosture data. We also experimented with soil moisture probes for our field sites. We developed a set of equations that include hydrothermal time andsoil type, and validated them on several states of the first year of data collection from across the region. Model fit needs improvement; we look forward to a second year of data collection and further model refinements around soil moisture and regional differences in weed phenology. We also initiated a scoping review of weed emergence literature; this project will continue into years two and three. 2) We collected our first of three years of emergence data in eight states: Maine, New Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia, and North Carolina. These data included the target weeds listed above, as well as additional species collected in various states. Delaware collected data on fifteen species, and New York collected data on at least twenty species.
Publications
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