ASSESSING HOW SEDIMENT MOVES THROUGH WATERSHEDS AND FLOODPLAINS TO IMPROVE WATER QUALITY IN VIRGINIA STREAMS

• Sponsoring Institution: National Institute of Food and Agriculture
• Project Status: NEW
• Funding Source: HATCH
• Reporting Frequency: Annual
• Accession No.: 1017457
• Project No.: VA-160094
• Project Start Date: Oct 1, 2018
• Project End Date: Sep 30, 2023

Project Director
Czuba, JO, A..

Recipient Organization
VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
(N/A)
BLACKSBURG,VA 24061

Performing Department
Biological Systems Engineering

Non Technical Summary
Problem Statement: Sediment (and sediment-associated impairments such as phosphorus and heavy metals) is a major water quality problem in streams and rivers in Virginia and the U.S. Efforts to restore the Chesapeake Bay are limited by the legacy of historical pollution on the landscape that may take hundreds to thousands of years to move in and out of floodplains before reaching the Bay. Theoretically, if pollution and the delivery of excess nutrients from fields ends, it will still take many years to see the full downstream improvement in water quality because of historical sediment, phosphorus, and heavy metals still moving downstream through the watershed. In order for restoration efforts that control sediment or reduce nutrient loads to be successful in improving water quality, we must better understand sediment dynamics through watersheds because sediment-related processes are a large driver of water quality.The overall goal of this work is to improve our understanding of how sediment (and thus sediment-associated pollutants) moves through watersheds and is temporarily stored in floodplains. This will be achieved through a combination of computer simulation of water and sediment movement through streams and floodplains, comparison to measured water flow, sediment, and mercury data from field sites, and analysis of spatial data in a Geographical Information System (GIS).Relevance to advancing Virginia, the Region, and the U.S.: This work can help protect the water, land, jobs, roads, and health of Virginia and the region. Nutrients (such as phosphorus) and contaminants (such as mercury and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)) can adsorb to sediment; thus, understanding sediment movement also leads to an understanding of the fate and transport of nutrients and contaminants. These contaminants can be harmful to local populations and livestock that may be consuming water from these sources. Sedimentation can increase the risk of flooding and exacerbate river-channel migration, potentially affecting built infrastructure. These implications can create economic and infrastructure issues for agriculture, parks, cities, roads, and bridges with exorbitant costs in flood insurance and payouts, time lost, transportation issues, deterioration of infrastructure, safety of homes, and risk of loss of life. The cost of physical, chemical, and biological damages attributed to and associated with sediment in North America has been estimated at more than $20 billion annually (Gray and Gartner, 2009). Furthermore, restoration of the Chesapeake Bay calls for a 20% reduction in sediment (and 24% reduction in phosphorus) by 2025 (U.S. EPA, 2010). Specifically, this work will focus on field sites in Stroubles Creek (VA), the South River (VA), the Roanoke River (VA) and the Dan River (NC). Historical mercury contamination has accumulated in the floodplain of the South River. Eventually, this mercury-contaminated sediment will move downstream through the Shenandoah River to the Potomac River before reaching the Chesapeake Bay. This work helps inform where that mercury has accumulated and how it will be released back into the river. While, only the South River is tributary to the Chesapeake Bay, the process-based understanding gained from the other field sites will help inform restoration of Chesapeake Bay watersheds and other watersheds throughout the U.S. and across the world.

Animal Health Component

0%

Research Effort Categories

Basic

50%

Applied

30%

Developmental

20%

Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)	Subject of Investigation (SOI)	Field of Science (FOS)	Percent
112	0310	2050	100%

Knowledge Area
112 - Watershed Protection and Management;

Subject Of Investigation
0310 - River basins;

Field Of Science
2050 - Hydrology;

Keywords

sediment

stream

floodplain

hydraulic modeling

legacy pollution

sediment fingerprinting

Goals / Objectives
The overall goal of this work is to improve our understanding of the water-mediated transport of sediment through watersheds and floodplains. The proposed research consists of four objectives aimed at achieving this goal:Surface-water exchange between streams and floodplains: Determine the controlling mechanisms driving the exchange of surface waters between streams and floodplains.Sediment residence time in floodplains: Quantify sediment and legacy pollutant residence-time distributions in floodplains.Sediment fingerprinting: Develop a protocol to distinguish if recently mobilized sediment is primarily sourced from uplands or from stream banks.Sediment connectivity: Develop spatially-explicit, pathway-integrated metrics for assessing sediment transport/deposition potential along source to sink watershed pathways.

Project Methods
Objective 1A 2-dimensional hydrodynamic model (HEC-RAS 2-D; Brunner, 2016) will be constructed using drone-based lidar data of the floodplain topography (Resop and Hession, 2018) and channel bathymetry. Then HEC-RAS 2-D will be applied to simulate, at a given flow rate: water-surface elevations, the spatial pattern of inundation, and water velocities. Data from stream gages will be used as model inputs (such as streamflow) and for model calibration (such as water stage-flow measurements). Water-surface elevation measurements will be collected across seasons and flow to adequately capture a range of conditions. The location of these measurements will be selected in the context of different vegetation patches to improve model calibration and reduce model uncertainty. The quality of the model calibration will be assessed by computing the difference in water-surface elevations between the simulations and observations across a range of flow conditions and be reported succinctly as a root-mean-square error (RMSE) and mean-absolute error (MAE). Furthermore, the simulated and observed values will be plotted to check for bias in the regression model. Simulated flow depths and velocities will be used to assess how much water is conveyed in the channel versus the floodplain and also the rate of exchange of surface water between the channel and floodplain. Controlling mechanisms driving the exchange of surface waters between streams and floodplains include low points along channel banks, channel planform curvature, and vegetation. The hypothesis is that floodplain vegetation roughness is a primary factor driving this exchange. To test this hypothesis, data will be collected and associated models will simulate specific times of the year to reflect vegetation conditions during the winter, spring, summer, and fall. Analysis of the simulated lateral fluxes across the channel-floodplain boundary in conjunction with relative bank height, channel planform curvature, and vegetation will allow for the determination of the controlling mechanism(s) driving channel-floodplain exchange at various flows and/or times of the year. This methodology will be applied to Stroubles Creek (62 km2 basin) as part of Virginia Tech's StREAM Lab (Thompson et al., 2012). Stroubles Creek drains to the New River.Objective 2A separate 2-dimensional hydrodynamic model (HEC-RAS 2-D; Brunner, 2016) will be constructed, calibrated, and applied (to a different river) using the same approach as described for Objective 1. Additional data will include aerial lidar of the floodplain topography and streamflow from U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations. The model will be used to assess where and how frequently the floodplain is inundated by water (the model does not explicitly model sediment transport). The hypothesis is that areas undergoing more frequent inundation, which may not be immediately adjacent to the river channel, are expected to have higher deposition rates and a greater accumulation of sediment/nutrients/contaminants. . The spatial distance from the river to where deposition occurs contributes to setting the sediment residence time. Finally, using best probabilistic estimates of how the river may sweep across the floodplain (Bradley and Tucker, 2013), it will be possible to estimate a temporal distribution of sediment released from individual floodplains. This is only part of the total source-to-sink lag time because once released that sediment can also temporarily deposit in downstream floodplains, thus greatly increasing the legacy of sediment delivered from watersheds. This methodology will be applied to the South River (600 km2 basin) in Virginia where historical mercury contamination has accumulated in the floodplain (Pizzuto, 2012). Spatial mercury accumulation data that provides an estimate of sediment deposition rates collected along the South River allows for testing the hypothesis. Eventually, this mercury-contaminated sediment will move downstream through the Shenandoah River to the Potomac River before reaching the Chesapeake Bay.Objective 3Physical samples of sediment will be collected from the water column using time-integrated suspended-sediment sampling (described by Phillips et al., 2000) and from in-channel bed deposits of fine sediment. Physical samples will also be collected from exposed bank faces and the surface of the floodplain as well as from the surface of upland areas (with a mix of land cover types such as agriculture, pasture, forest, etc.). Each sample will be analyzed at Virginia Tech using a handheld X-ray fluorescence (XRF) meter (Bruker S1 Titan 800) as a non-destructive analytical technique to determine the elemental composition from Magnesium (atomic number 12) to Uranium (atomic number 92) of sediment samples. Because of various biogeochemical processes and atmospheric deposition (from coal-fired power plants, for instance), the elemental "fingerprint" of sediment from uplands may be different from the channel-bank material (Gorman-Sanisaca et al., 2017). Samples collected in the channel or deposited on the floodplain will be compared to the source materials to determine what percentage of that sediment was sourced from uplands or channel banks. This will be determined using a statistical un-mixing model such as described by Gorman-Sanisaca et al. (2017). This methodology will be applied to roughly 30 sites throughout the Dan and Roanoke River Basins upstream of the John H. Kerr Reservoir (20,000 km2 basin) in South-Central Virginia and North-Central North Carolina as part of ongoing field work (Angermeier et al., 2017). These sites will be selected to cover a range of relevant characteristics to reduce model uncertainty.Objective 4The PI is currently conducting GIS-based analyses of existing remotely-sensed data to develop metrics of potential upland erosion, bank erosion, riparian vegetation filtration/deposition, floodplain deposition, and instream deposition at specific locations throughout a watershed (Angermeier et al., 2017). This proposed work is to put these metrics into a spatially-explicit, pathway-integrated "sediment connectivity" framework. Topographic data from a 10 m digital elevation model (or 1 m lidar, if available) will be used to determine flow pathways for every 10 × 10 m pixel in the watershed. This will provide a set of pathways through which sediment generated from anywhere in the landscape would travel on its way to the watershed outlet, such as from an upland field, through a riparian buffer, and with potential deposition in the channel (temporarily) and/or floodplain (long-term).With this collection of pathways, two perspectives will be considered: (1) from a single source pixel looking downstream at deposition potential along its pathway and (2) from a downstream location looking upstream at all source pixels whose pathways intersects that location. These two perspectives allow for (1) assessment of where sediment generated from a specific location will most affect downstream locations and (2) determination of which upstream areas most affect a specific downstream location. The utility of this connectivity framework will be assessed by comparing information on sediment connectivity (GIS-derived metric) to sediment data collected as part of the ongoing project (e.g., potential upland erosion, bank erosion, riparian vegetation filtration/deposition, floodplain deposition, and instream deposition; Angermeier et al., 2017) using a linear regression where quality of fit will be assessed via RMSE and MAE. That is, if a particular location has a high sediment load, is there a high level of sediment connectivity. Furthermore, the predicted and observed values will be plotted to check for bias in the regression model. This methodology will be applied to the Dan and Roanoke River Basins upstream of the John H. Kerr Reservoir (20,000 km2 basin) in South-Central Virginia and North-Central North Carolina.

Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20

Outputs
Target Audience: Local Virginia landowners - conversations during fieldwork and later follow-up describing our findings The scientific community - scientific papers and presentations at national scientific conferences Regional Chesapeake Bay stakeholders - presentations at the Chesapeake Research and Modeling Symposium Changes/Problems:COVID-19 limited the work that we were able to perform and our ability to disseminate our work to the communities of interest. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The 2 graduate students who have worked on this project have both presented their preliminary results at the American Geophysical Union's Fall meeting in Washington D.C. One of the graduate students also presented their work at River Flow 2020 - Ninth International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics. The other graduate students also presented their work at the Chesapeake Community Research Symposium. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Local Virginia landowners - conversations during fieldwork and later follow-up describing our findings The Scientific community - scientific papers and presentations at national scientific conferences Regional Chesapeake Bay stakeholders - presentations at the Chesapeake Research and Modeling Symposium What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continue evaluating models and data and preparing publications. Continue mentoring students involved in the project as they prepare their thesis or dissertation. Develop presentations for communicating to the targeted stakeholders for this project.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Major accomplishments: Research conducted this year solidified our preliminary findings that standard methods used to predict sediment erosion from upland fields and forests in the Dan and Roanoke River basins did not adequately predict the amount of suspended sediment or in-stream sediment conditions at our approximately 30 study sites. This suggests that sediment erosion from upland fields and forests may not be the major source of sediment transported by these rivers and instead, sediment eroded from river channel banks may be the source. This has implications for how and where managers should restore streams and in-stream habitat. Furthermore, new models are necessary to adequately capture sediment erosion at the watershed scale in these river basins. In further analysis of these data, we have discovered that a certain combination of river channel characteristics (from recent sediment transport theory) can adequately predict the amount of silt and sand in the pore spaces of a gravel streambed. This is important because the amount of silt and sand in a gravel streambed is one of the main predictors for habitat quality for aquatic organisms. While this has always been measured in the field before, this might open the door to predicting habitat quality at watershed scales easily using freely available remotely sensed data. This is a research avenue we have recently begun pursuing following the results from our earlier analysis. For objective 1, we have completed model construction and calibration and have begun analyzing model results. Initial results show how we can measure the variability of vegetation heights and translate it into resistance for water flow during floods in our model. The extensive data set we have collected made us realize that there are some improvements to our model that still should be made. We are in the process of publishing our initial results, collecting more data, and further refining the model. For objective 2, we have completed model construction and calibration and have begun analyzing model results. We are starting to analyze results, but it appears that our initial results suggest we need to make some adjustments in the model in order to obtain more realistic results. For objective 3, we have collected physical sediment samples from the river bed, banks, and floodplains at our study sites in the Dan and Roanoke River basins. We are still in the process of analyzing these data in the lab. We have recovered sediment from our passive in-stream sediment samplers at~15 of our 30 sites where they were deployed to collect more in-stream sediment. We are now in the process of collecting upland sediment samples and are continuing the laboratory analysis. For objective 4, we have been analyzing our spatial datasets and using these data to estimate upland soil erosion. We have compared our results to measurements of turbidity at our ~30 sites (see major accomplishments above). We have now finalized the analysis of our spatial datasets and are writing up our first paper on these results.

Publications

• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Pratt, E.A., J.A. Czuba, and A. Villamagna (2019), Comparison of sediment connectivity indices to synoptic turbidity data for validating predictions of sediment transport/deposition potential, EP51C-2104, AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, California, 9-13 December.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Christensen, N.D., J.A. Czuba, and J. Barone (2019), Microplastic accumulation in floodplains, H43O-2279, AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, California, 9-13 December.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Ahammad, M., J.A. Czuba, A.M. Pfeiffer, B.P. Murphy, and P. Belmont (2019), Simulating downstream impacts from synthetic sediment pulses in the Nisqually River, WA using a Lagrangian, bed-material sediment transport model, EP33E-2382, AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, California, 9-13 December.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Inamdar, S.P., D. Merritts, R.C. Walter, J.A. Czuba, M. Peipoch, J. Kan, M. Daniels, C.M. Palinkas, A.C. Gellis, and M.J. Cashman (2019), Does the past haunt us? Landuse legacy and its consequences for hydrology and water quality, H11J-1624, AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, California, 9-13 December.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Pfeiffer, A.M., K.R. Barnhart, J.A. Czuba, and E.W.H. Hutton (2020), NetworkSedimentTransporter: A Landlab component for bed material transport through river networks, Journal of Open Source Software, 5(53), 2341, doi:10.21105/joss.02341.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2020 Citation: Christensen, N.D.U, C.E. Wisinger, L.A. Maynard, N. Chauhan, J.T. SchubertU, J.A. Czuba, and J.R. Barone (2020), Transport and characterization of microplastics in inland waterways, Journal of Water Process Engineering, 38, 101640, doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101640.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Lindroth, E.M., B.L. Rhoads, C.R. Castillo, J.A. Czuba, I. Guneralp, and D. Edmonds (2020), Spatial variability in bankfull stage and bank elevations of lowland meandering rivers: Relation to rating curves and channel planform characteristics, Water Resources Research, 56(8), e2020WR027477, doi:10.1029/2020WR027477.
• Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Pratt, E. (2020). Evaluating watershed and stream-channel drivers of in-stream turbidity in Virginia and North Carolina. MS Thesis, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech. (2020-09-18). http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99990
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Czuba, J.A., N.D. Christensen, S. Triantafillou, C.A. Copenheaver, J. Peterson, and W.C. Hession (2019), Ecohydraulics of a disappearing stream: Flow-tree-sediment interactions in karst, EP41C-2354, AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, California, 9-13 December.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Czuba, J.A. (2019), River research: dynamics of water, sediment, nutrients, vegetation, and biota, Department of Biological Systems Engineering Seminar, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, 12 November.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Sumaiya, S., J.T. Schubert, and J.A. Czuba (2020), Sediment transport potential in a channelized floodplain, River Flow 2020  Ninth International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics, Delft, The Netherlands (online virtual), 7-10 July.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Ahammad, M., J.A. Czuba, A. Pfeiffer, B.P. Murphy, and P. Belmont (2020), Watershed scale impact of upstream sediment supply on the mainstem of a river network, River Flow 2020  Ninth International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics, Delft, The Netherlands (online virtual), 7-10 July.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Pratt, E.A., and J.A. Czuba (2020), Evaluating the Universal Soil Loss Equation as a predictor of in-stream turbidity in 30 Virginia watersheds, Chesapeake Community Research Symposium 2020, virtual online, 8-10 June.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Edmonds, D.A., S.R. David, and J.A. Czuba (2019), Frequent flooding caused by floodplain geomorphology, EP51A-05, AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, California, 9-13 December.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Sumaiya, J.T. Schubert, M. Ahammad, J.A. Czuba, S.R. David, G.H. Johnston, and D.A. Edmonds (2019), Sediment transport dynamics on a channelized floodplain at various flows, EP51E-2157, AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, California, 9-13 December.

Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19

Outputs
Target Audience:Local Virginia landowners Scientific community Regional watershed managers Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The 2 PhD students who have worked on this project have presented their preliminary results in 5-minute lightning talks at a Virginia Tech research symposium. The 2 PhD and 2 undergraduate students presented their preliminary results at the American Geophysical Union's Fall meeting in Washington D.C. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Local Virginia landowners - conversations during field work and later follow-up describing our findings Scientific community - scientific papers and presentations at national scientific conferences What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Major accomplishments: Research conducted this year found that standard methods used to predict sediment erosion from upland fields and forests in the Dan and Roanoke River basins did not adequately predict the amount of suspended sediment or in-stream sediment conditions at our approximately 30 study sites. This suggests that sediment erosion from upland fields and forests may not be the major source of sediment transported by these rivers and instead sediment eroded from river channel banks may be the source. This has implications for how and where managers should restore streams and in-stream habitat. Furthermore, new models are necessary to adequately capture sediment erosion at the watershed scale in these river basins. Progress on objectives: 1.Surface-water exchange between streams and floodplains: Determine the controlling mechanisms driving the exchange of surface waters between streams and floodplains. For objective 1, we surveyed the elevation of the channel bed along Stroubles Creek. We also collected some calibration data that include water velocity and water surface elevation in the channel and floodplain. We now have all the data we need to construct and calibrate the model. We have begun developing the model and the next steps are to calibrate the model. 2. Sediment residence time in floodplains: Quantify sediment and legacy pollutant residence-time distributions in floodplains. For objective 2, we have gathered all the data we need to construct and calibrate the model for the South River and have constructed and calibrated the model. We are now working on running the model and the next steps are to start analyzing results. 3. Sediment fingerprinting: Develop a protocol to distinguish if recently mobilized sediment is primarily sourced from uplands or from stream banks. For objective 3, we have collected physical sediment samples from the river bed, banks, and floodplains at our study sites in the Dan and Roanoke River basins. We have also begun the process of analyzing these data in the lab. We have also placed passive in-stream sediment samplers at ~15 of our 30 sites to collect more in-stream sediment and obtain sediment transported during different seasons to see if the sediment source shifts during different times of the year. Our next steps are to determine where to collect our upland sediment samples and continue the laboratory analysis. 4. Sediment connectivity: Develop spatially-explicit, pathway-integrated metrics for assessing sediment transport/deposition potential along source to sink watershed pathways. For objective 4, we have been analyzing our spatial datasets and using these data to estimate upland soil erosion. We have compared our preliminary results to measurements of turbidity at our ~30 sites (see major accomplishments above). Our next steps are to finalize the analysis of our spatial datasets and see if some various methods might lead to better predictive power of our instream turbidity data.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Murphy, B.P., J.A. Czuba, and P. Belmont (2019), Post-wildfire sediment cascades: a modeling framework linking debris flow generation and network-scale sediment routing, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 44(11), 2126-2140, doi:10.1002/esp.4635.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gran K., C. Dolph, A. Baker, M. Bevis, S.J. Cho, J.A. Czuba, B. Dalzell, M. Danesh-Yazdi, A. Hansen, S. Kelly, Z. Lang, J. Schwenk, P. Belmont, J.C. Finlay, P. Kumar, S. Rabotyagov, G. Roehrig, P. Wilcock, and E. Foufoula-Georgiou (2019), The power of environmental observatories for advancing multidisciplinary research, outreach, and decision support: the case of the Minnesota River Basin, Water Resources Research, 55(4), 3576-3592, doi:10.1029/2018WR024211. (Special issue: Dynamics in Intensively Managed Landscapes: Water, Sediment, Nutrient, Carbon, and Ecohydrology).
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: David, S.R., J.A. Czuba, and D.A. Edmonds (2018), Channelization of meandering river floodplains by headcutting, Geology, 47(1), 15-18, doi:10.1130/G45529.1.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Czuba, J.A. (2018), A Lagrangian framework for exploring complexities of mixed-size sediment transport in gravel-bedded river networks, Geomorphology, 321, 146-152, doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.08.031. [INVITED]. (Special issue: Complexity of Sediment Dynamics over Multiple Spatial and Temporal Scales).
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Wollheim, W.M., S. Bernal, D.A. Burns, J.A. Czuba, C.T. Driscoll, A.T. Hansen, R.T. Hensley, J.D. Hosen, S. Inamdar, S.S. Kaushal, L.E. Koenig, Y.H. Lu, A. Marzadri, P.A. Raymond, D. Scott, R.J. Stewart, P.G. Vidon, and E. Wohl (2018), River network saturation concept: factors influencing the balance of biogeochemical supply and demand of river networks, Biogeochemistry, 141(3), 503-521, doi:10.1007/s10533-018-0488-0.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Czuba, C.R., J.A. Czuba, C.S. Magirl, A.S. Gendaszek, and C.P. Konrad (2018), Effect of river confinement on depth and spatial extent of bed disturbance affecting salmon redds, Journal of Ecohydraulics, 3(1), 4-17, doi:10.1080/24705357.2018.1457986.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Czuba, J.A., A.T. Hansen, E. Foufoula-Georgiou, and J.C. Finlay (2018), Contextualizing wetlands within a river network to assess nitrate removal and inform watershed management, Water Resources Research, 54(2), 1312-1337, doi:10.1002/2017WR021859. (Special issue: Dynamics in Intensively Managed Landscapes: Water, Sediment, Nutrient, Carbon, and Ecohydrology).
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Czuba, J.A. (2018), Complex processes of sediment dynamics over relatively short time scales on river networks, 49th Annual Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium, Syracuse, New York, 5-7 October. [INVITED KEYNOTE].
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Czuba, J.A., L.A. James, and S. Rathburn (2018), Panel Discussion: Connectivity and Landscape Alteration, in session 5:T59. Human Alterations to Landscape Connectivity, The Geological Society of America 130th Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, Indiana, 4-7 November. [INVITED].
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Czuba, J.A., P. Hawthorne, A.T. Hansen, E. Foufoula-Georgiou, and J.C. Finlay (2019), Optimizing wetland restorations for downstream versus spatially distributed nitrate reduction presents conflicting strategies, Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Louisville, Kentucky, 11-16 August. [INVITED].
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Czuba, J.A., S. Sumaiya, J.T. Schubert, S.R. David, G.H. Johnston, and D.A. Edmonds (2018), Human influences on fluvial geomorphic processes in a channelized, agricultural floodplain along the East Fork White River, Indiana, T59:5-7, The Geological Society of America 130th Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, Indiana, 4-7 November. [INVITED].
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Czuba, J.A., S. SumaiyaG, J.T. SchubertU, S.R. David, G.H. Johnston, and D.A. Edmonds (2018), Human influences on fluvial geomorphic processes in a channelized, agricultural floodplain along the East Fork White River, Indiana, T59:5-7, The Geological Society of America 130th Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, Indiana, 4-7 November. [INVITED].
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Czuba, J.A. (2019), When a meandering river does not have a defined bankfull flow: interactions between hydrodynamics, morphodynamics, and humans in shaping floodplain form, Department of Watershed Sciences Seminar Series, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 6 March. [INVITED].
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Czuba, J.A., A.T. Hansen, P. Hawthorne, E. Foufoula-Georgiou, and J.C. Finlay (2018), Optimizing wetland restoration in river networks for nitrate removal, H23E-01, AGU Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C., 10-14 December.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2019 Citation: Barone, J.R., and J. Czuba (2019), Transport and characterization of microplastics in inland waterways, POLY 24, American Chemical Society National Meeting, San Diego, California, 25-29 August.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2019 Citation: Schubert, J.T, Sumaiya, and J.A. Czuba (2019), Sedimentation, bankfull flow, and river floodplain connectivity across topographically distinct floodplains and their implications for floodplain management, SEDHYD 2019, Reno, Nevada, 24-28 June.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gray, J.R., G.E. Schwarz, J.A. Czuba, K. Strom, and P. Diplas (2019), Facilities, data, and analytical methods used to derive sand- and gravel-trapping efficiencies for four types of pressure-difference bedload samplers, SEDHYD 2019, Reno, Nevada, 24-28 June.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Hession, W.C., J. Czuba, B. Brown, E. Hotchkiss, N. Polys, P. Sforza, and J. Resop (2019), Unlocking new insights into riverscapes with drone-based laser scanners, The 19th Annual Meeting of the American Ecological Engineering Society, Asheville, North Carolina, 3-6 June.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Hession, W.C., J. Czuba, B. Brown, E. Hotchkiss, N. Polys, P. Sforza, and J. Resop (2019), Unlocking new insights into riverscapes with drone-based laser scanners, New River Symposium, Boone, North Carolina, 11-12 April.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Barone, J.R., J. Czuba, L. Maynard, and C. Wisinger (2019), Fate of microplastics in inland waterways, POLY 73, American Chemical Society National Meeting, Orlando, Florida, 31 March  4 April.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Schubert, J.T.U, C. SchradingU, J. KennedyU, J.A. Czuba, S. David, D.A. Edmonds, and A.S. Ward (2018), The role of topographic variability on river-floodplain connectivity across several floodplains, H51N-1493, AGU Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C., 10-14 December.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Hansen, A., S. Rabotyagov, B.J. Dalzell, S.J. Cho, C. Dolph, P. Hawthorne, J.A. Czuba, P. Belmont, C. Kling, J.C. Finlay, K. Kumarasamy, and E. Foufoula-Georgiou (2018), Multi-model optimization of field and in-channel management actions in agricultural watersheds to reduce nitrate, phosphorous, and sediment loads, H43C-2400, AGU Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C., 10-14 December.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Sumaiya, Schubert, J.T., J.A. Czuba, S.R. David, G.H. Johnston, and D.A. Edmonds (2018), Deposition and erosion potential of sediment in a channelized floodplain, EP33D-2457, AGU Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C., 10-14 December.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Murphy, B., P. Belmont, P. Budy, J. Czuba, and T. Walsworth, Post-wildfire sediment dynamics and fish population response to habitat disturbance, American Fisheries Society Annual Meeting, Reno, Nevada, 29 September  3 October. [INVITED].
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Pratt, E.A., J.A. Czuba, and A. Villamagna (2018), Sediment transport/deposition potential along source-to-sink watershed pathways: A sediment connectivity framework, EP21D-2286, AGU Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C., 10-14 December.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Le Bivic, R.K., Schubert, J.T.U, J.A. Czuba, and J.E. Pizzuto (2018), Spatially-explicit predictions of floodplain sedimentation using mixed empirical/process-based models of increasing complexity, EP12B-06, AGU Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C., 10-14 December.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: David, S.R., J.A. Czuba, D.A. Edmonds, and A.S. Ward (2018), How does topography and river-floodplain connectivity influence flooding processes?, EP11E-2097, AGU Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C., 10-14 December.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Rhoads, B.L., E. Lindroth, J.A. Czuba, D.A. Edmonds, I. Guneralp, C. Castillo, M. Cain, and A.S. Ward (2018), Reconsidering the concept of bankfull flow: Do single-thread meandering rivers overtop their banks at a distinct bankfull stage?, T48:247-1, The Geological Society of America 130th Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, Indiana, 4-7 November.