Source: WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY submitted to NRP
BUILDING A SKILLSET OF APPLICATION BASED SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY THROUGH THE ASSEMBLY OF CONSTRUCTIVE OBJECTS OF AGRICULTURAL LEARNING (COALS): DEVELOPING WORKFORCE AND COLLEGE READY STUDENTS IN THE MOUNTA
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1017325
Grant No.
2018-38414-28802
Cumulative Award Amt.
$289,327.00
Proposal No.
2018-04058
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Sep 1, 2018
Project End Date
Aug 31, 2022
Grant Year
2018
Program Code
[SPECA]- Secondary Challenge Program
Recipient Organization
WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY
886 CHESTNUT RIDGE RD RM 202
MORGANTOWN,WV 26505-2742
Performing Department
DCD
Non Technical Summary
Due to the economic downturn of the state's primary industry, West Virginia is one of eight states to lose population from July 2015 to July 2016 (Herald-Dispatch, 2017). During this time period, West Virginia lost an estimated 10,000 residents. West Virginia has had one resource after another removed from its mountains, salt in the 1700s, clay/limestone in the 1800s, and coal into the 1900s. The last commodity West Virginia has is its children. Those children are now being shipped out to fuel other economies, just as has been done for 300 years.The reality of rural students in southern West Virginia is a life of little opportunity and less hope to attain a higher education. The physical boundaries and lack of infrastructure serve as quarantines for diffusion of innovation. Innovation and movement in these closed societies best comes from within. The COALs provide students and opportunity to gain concrete experiences by working with a faculty partner on a research project to solve current problems in West Virginia. Students are active participants in their learning environment. They are being exposed to researchers and developing those relationships from an early age. Students serve as the liaisons and problem solvers in the community. They experience agriculture not from a consumer stand but from that of a researcher, identifying gaps in understanding and filling those gaps. Student researchers are able to contextualize and localize research questions to their community. This project seeks to utilize the model first seen in the extension and experiment station model and moves the points of dissemination to a local level. It utilizes the students as points of dissemination and the development of the answer as opportunities for real world learning. The development of COALs serves as the first step in a concrete experience in the currently understood experiential learning model. COALs provide teachers with a new tool to educate their students.ObjectivesMeasurable OutcomesMethodTimelineIncrease the number of college-ready high-school graduates from economically disadvantaged rural areasIncrease in number of acceptance to secondary education.Monitoring by investigators.Sum Yr. 2Sum Yr. 3Prepare high-school graduates to attend and ultimately graduate from two-year and four-year FANH programsGreater number of students graduating from secondary educationMonitoring by investigatorsSpring Yr 3Improve understanding among students in grades six through twelve about opportunities to work and pursue degrees in FANHChanges in perceptions related to availability of opportunities in FANHFocus groups and interviewsSum Yr 2Sum Yr 3Improve high school students' critical thinking skills through experiential learning opportunities in FANH80 COALs producedEvaluation process of academic rigor at the colloquiumsSpring Yr1Spring Yr2Spring Yr3Enhance science, technology, engineering, agricultural, and mathematics (STEAM) curriculum through the development of COALs80 COALs producedEvaluation process of academic rigor at the colloquiumsSpring Yr1Spring Yr2Spring Yr3Improve understanding among teachers and faculty about opportunities for students to work and pursue degrees in FANH80 COALs producedEvaluation process of academic rigor at the colloquiumsSpring Yr1Spring Yr2Spring Yr3
Animal Health Component
50%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
25%
Applied
50%
Developmental
25%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
80660993020100%
Knowledge Area
806 - Youth Development;

Subject Of Investigation
6099 - People and communities, general/other;

Field Of Science
3020 - Education;
Goals / Objectives
Goals The target objectives to be accomplished over a three-year period will be to:1. Increase the number of college-ready high school graduates from economically disadvantaged rural areas.2. Prepare high school graduates to attend and ultimately graduate from two-year or four year FANH programs.3. Improve understanding among students in grade six through twelve about opportunities to work and pursue degrees in FANH.4. Improve high school students' critical thinking skills through experiential learning opportunities in FANH. 5. Enhance science, technology, engineering, agricultural, and mathematics (STEAM) curriculum through the development of COALs.6. Improve understanding among teachers and faculty about opportunities for students to work and pursue degrees in FANH.The overall impact of the project is to produce work-force ready high-school graduates who will be proactive participants in the learning process. The COALs will be incorporated into existing curriculum to enhance student led research in the secondary school system. The COALs will be presented at the end of the academic year at a colloquium and will be disseminated online through the WVU Davis College if Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Design website. The educational need area for this project is "Curriculum Development, Instructional 5 Delivery Systems and Expanding Student Career Opportunities." The ultimate goal of the project is to recruit and educate students to obtain degrees in and ultimately work in the fields of FANH. The COALs provide an experiential learning opportunity for students to work with faculty at WVU and the WVUES and integrate scientific research and agricultural practices into existing secondary curriculum. The project will encourage the adoption and replication in other counties through the WVUES 4-H Youth Development Program and the WVU College of Agriculture
Project Methods
MethodsA COAL is a project based learning outcome developed by the student participants. COALs are the output from a fully completed experiential learning cycle. They are visual or graphic presentations on large scale posters that quickly show the research done by the students. This form of research presentation is common in the professional academic sciences. They will be developed by individual students or a small team of students in conjunction with research faculty working on regional relevant agricultural research. Each student participating in the P-20 program will work with a faculty member at a two-year or four-year college or university to develop the COAL using the scientific method. The name comes from the long history of the coal industry in the state. A COAL is a project based learning outcome developed by a student in partnership with a faculty member that allows the student and faculty member to become active partners in the learning process as noted in How People Learn (2000, p. 12-13). COALs are based upon the five-step scientific method of inquiry by (1) identifying a problem, (2) defining the problem, (3) formulating a hypothesis, (4) predicting the consequences of the hypothesis through inductive reasoning, and (5) testing the hypothesis (Ary, Jacobs, and Sorenson, 2010). In partnership with a faculty member, a student moves through the four adaptive modes of Kolb's Learning Cycle (1984) to develop a COAL. The four modes are concrete experiences, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation. The COAL will be a visual representation of the research project methods and procedures that will be presented at the end of each academic year at a COAL Colloquium that all students, teachers, faculty, and community members are invited to attend. These colloquiums will allow student participants to develop their soft skills of communication. They will have the 4 opportunity to discuss the development of the individual research projects and the greater impacts that their line of research has on the region (Crawford, Lang, Fink, Dalton, & Fielitz, 2011).These efforts will be evaluated by interview and survey techniques common in social science research. These will consist of surveys of student intention to pursue degrees in FANH STEM based fields. Student engagement in the community is being measured to give a baseline of data to be compared against as the project continues. The project has retained a research and evaluation specialist in James Linder to provide guidance and evaluation to the project. Dr. Linder has conducted many large projects and is considered an expert in extension evaluation. In addition, the impact on participants, this project will conduct evaluation on the proper implementation of cross curricular project based learning curriculum. This has not been done in a through way in the past, this COALS project provides an opportunity to research this topic.

Progress 09/01/18 to 08/31/22

Outputs
Target Audience:200 students from two schools in West Virginia and Pennsylvaniaparticipated in the COALs program in 2022. 10 faculty at the university level volunteered to particpate in the COALs program to complete the objectives of the proposal. Due to the covid-19 pandemic, the first year was canceled. In year two, the research symposium was held virtually. In year three, an on campus research symposium was held at West Virginia University with over 125 students from two schools. The program is being continued past the life of the grant. This academic year, two schools will be partipating in the COALs program. Research projects were conducted in the fields of forestry, wildlife, and biology. Many of the students are working toward asscociate degrees in agriculture and natural resources through an established early college program at both high schools. Through partnerships with WV State University, the program is going to be expanded to additional schools during the 2023-2024 academic year Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Faculty that volunteered to work with students alsodeveloped training and PD programs for teachers to increase knowledge in research design and analysis, pedegogy, and career development. Although, not a requirement, faculty spent time with the teachers to develop sound research projects that can be replicated. It is the project teams hope that the research projects this year will result in a peer-reviewed publication. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?COALs have been disseminated online through the COALs website athttps://aged.wvu.edu/coals-usda-nifa Through word of mouth two addtional school districts in West Virginia have inquired about starting a COALs program. We hope to include them in the program for the 2023-2024 academic year. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Van Jr. Sr. High School is participating in an early college program called WV P-20. The COALs program supported WV P-20allowing students the opportunity to particpate in research projects directly with university faculty. The COALs program also allowed students the opportunity to visit campus and present their research formally. For most students, this was the first time they had been to West Virginia University. At the start of the grant, one student at Van was enrolled in a dual credit college course. At the end of the grant period, more than half of students in grades 9-12 were enrolled in at least one dual credit course. One student graduated with more than 30 hours of college credit and went on to a four-year university. Through the COALs program, faculty visitedVan both in person and virtually to discuss their research and how they decided to choose a career in agriculture and natural resources. Through these visits with faculty, students were exposed to FANH programs offered in West Virginia at both two-year and four-year programs. The aim of the WV P-20 program is to increase access to higher education in rural areas of the state. The goal being that students will graduate with an associate degree their senior year of high school. We are on track for our first cohort of students to graduate with associate degrees in the next two to three years. The PI of the grant also serves as an advisor and many of the students have declared they would like to complete specific associate degree programs in agricultural education, forestry, and wildlife biology. Teachers also had the opporutnity to visit campus and meet with faculty throughout the entiretiy of the grant period and were able to attend professional development opportunities in FANH to learn more about the career and eductaional opportunities to pursue degrees in FANH.

Publications

  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Accepted Year Published: 2021 Citation: Perdue, E.R., Beegala, S., Mosley, A., Vance, J., McKibben, J.D., Lindner, J.R., (2021). Mining the mind through collaborative objects of agricultural learning (COALs). Poster presented at the American Association of Agricultural Education North Central Region Conference, Columbus, OH. Distinguished Innovative Research Poster Presentation
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Accepted Year Published: 2022 Citation: Perdue, E., Beegala, S. (Graduate Student), McKibben, J., Lindner, J. (in press). Developing Workforce and College Ready Students in the Mountains of Appalachia through Constructive Objects of Agricultural Learning (COALs). North American Colleges and Teachers of Agriculture National Conference.
  • Type: Websites Status: Other Year Published: 2018 Citation: https://aged.wvu.edu/coals-usda-nifa


Progress 09/01/20 to 08/31/21

Outputs
Target Audience:The 2021 symposium was held virtually. Students at the Van, WV high school live in very remote areas, many with no internet access. Given these unforeseen circumstances, 24 seniors were still able to finish their senior projects.The target audience for this project is students enrolled in our partner secondary school in grades six through twelve. The purpose of our project is to prepare future employees for the jobs that will be available in agriculture and natural resources by developing Constructive Objects of Agricultural Learning (COALs). Each student participating in the P-20 program will work with a faculty member at a two-year or four-year college or university to develop the COAL using the scientific method. We are going to use this new COAL mined from the minds of our students to reignite the community. The 2022 symposium was held on campus and more than 150 students participated. Students stayed on campus and had the opportunity to tour campus, speak with faculty, and learn more about FANH programs at WVU. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been communicated with the school partners and university participants. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Goals 1 & 2: In 2018, one student in Boone County was enrolled in an early access college course. By 2021, more than half of the high schools students at Van were enrolled in at least one college course during theacademic school year. Goal 3: Faculty in wildife biology, forestry, plant and soil sciences, and agriculture education visited Van Jr. Sr. High School and completed a school-wide major symposium for all students in grades six through twelve. Goals 4 & 5: Nothing to report. Goal 6: The same faculty in goal three met and continually visisted with teachers throughout the school year about various two-year and four-year degree programs offered at WVU in FANH.

Publications


    Progress 09/01/19 to 08/31/20

    Outputs
    Target Audience:Due to the current Covid19 pandemic, the spring 2020 poster presentation was postponed. Students at the Van, WV high school live in very remote areas, many with no internet access. Given these unforeseen circumstances, 24 seniors were still able to finish their senior projects.The target audience for this project is students enrolled in our partner secondary school in grades six through twelve. The purpose of our project is to prepare future employees for the jobs that will be available in agriculture and natural resources by developing Constructive Objects of Agricultural Learning (COALs). Each student participating in the P-20 program will work with a faculty member at a two-year or four-year college or university to develop the COAL using the scientific method. We are going to use this new COAL mined from the minds of our students to reignite the community. Changes/Problems:Due to COVID-19, a new timeline has been established that will allow the project to continue forward using remote technologies. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been communicated with the school partners and university participants. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Project directors is currently working with the school to re-allocate the budget for participant support. A Co-PI has been identified and paperwork for the change in Co-PI will be sumited with the budget reallocation request.

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? Goals 1 & 2: In 2018, one student in Boone County was enrolled in an early access college course. By 2019-2020, this number rose to 25 students who were enrolled in six courses throughout the 2019-2020 academic school year. Goal 3: Faculty in wildife biology, forestry, plant and soil sciences, and agriculture education visited Van Jr. Sr. High School and completed a school-wide major symposium for all students in grades six through twelve. Goals 4 & 5: Nothing to report. Goal 6: The same faculty in goal three met and continually visisted with teachers throughout the school year about various two-year and four-year degree programs offered at WVU in FANH.

    Publications

    • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Accepted Year Published: 2020 Citation: Daugherty, K., Perdue,E., McKibben, J.(2020). The West Virginia P-20 Program. Poster Proceedings of the National Association of Extension 4-H Youth Development Professionals Annual Conference.


    Progress 09/01/18 to 08/31/19

    Outputs
    Target Audience:Due to government shutdown and labor stoppages in the state of West Virginia by educators the county school system where the target audience is located was closed for a substantial time during what would have been the implementation phase of the project. Project is now being initiated fall 2019. Changes/Problems:The project has not begun in its full implementation as planned or proposed. The government shutdown, fall 2019, delayed the funding being released to begin the project. As the funds were being released to the universityWest Virginia experienced unprecedented school shutdowns due to labor relations between the state legislature/government and classroom teachers. This shutdown pushed the start date of the project back to a point beyond the date where the project could be effectively and responsibly begun. The research team, with consultation from the external evaluator and the intended participants, made a decision to delay the begin of the project until fall 2019. A one year, no-cost extension will be sought to extend the project to ensure the goals are met, as proposed. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?During the next reporting period, the project will begin in earnest. Students and teachers in the school will begin to develop their research lines. The first round of COALs will be developed and the first COALs symposium will take place. Monthly meetings have been scheduled between the external evaluator and the research team to ensure that project goals are on track toward accomplishment.

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? A relationship has been developed with the target population. Teachers and researchers have been in constant contact. Protocols for project implementation has been developed and the cross-curriculum implementation guide is being developed. The NIFA award has allowed the larger project known as WV p-20 to be grated support (4 million) from a private foundation to support the implementation of the entire model of p-20, of which COALs are a large part in a larger number of schools in WV. The foundation board cited the investment from the NIFA grant as a reason they were willing to offer the support to the expansion of the larger project.

    Publications

    • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Katherine, Daughtery & McKibben, J. D. (2019). Selfies as a Learning Tool. Poster Proceedings of the American Association for Agricultural Education Research Conference. De Moines, IA - Distinguished Poster Award.