Progress 09/01/18 to 08/31/23
Outputs
Target Audience:The project serves the aquaculture industry in the American Insular Pacific Region, including researchers, educators, and producers. Through its funding of aquaculture research, development, and extension education projects, CTSA supported the development of aquaculture and delivered science-based knowledge to the aquaculture community in the region. CTSA provides information including the results of research and project findings on its website, which is accessible to interested individuals in the CTSA region, the United States, and internationally. Changes/Problems:The IMTA project completed its Year 1 activities in summer of 2017; Year 2 started in June 2018, but was terminated in August 2018 due to lack of juveniles to complete the work.The 'Mangrove Crab' project closed early without completing all Year 2 objectives due to a PI change. The 'Disease' project experienced significant challenges and not all objectives were met: the primary technician left her post and the co-PI passed away. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Multiple projects funded under this grant provided opportunities for training and professional development. As reported, extensive training occurred under the Metabarcoding, Papaya Waste, and RMI projects. Under the RMI project, over 50 Marshallese technicians were trained in marine finfish hatchery, grow out and feed manufacturing technologies. In Palau, six potential rabbitfish farmers were assisted and provided with technical assistance on design, business planning and site assessment. Aside from providing free rabbitfish juveniles to fish farmers, the PI also regularly provided farmers with technical assistance on proper husbandry, feeding management and monitoring of environmental parameters in their farms. The mangrove crab project trained farmers in Palau on how to properly feed and supplement feed for their crab farming efforts. Under the Oyster Seed project, seven hatchery employees were trained in tetraploid oyster production methods; twelve students were trained and learned about hatchery methods and polyploid production. In addition, outreach to Hawaiian Shellfish LLC resulted in its ability to - for the first time - produce its own triploids, eliminating the need to spend $400,000 elsewhere. The Aquaponics project also trained residents of the homeless village. Graduate and undergraduate student training occurred under the Bivalves, Hawaiian Macroalgae, Opihi, and Metabarcoding projects. Many students from varying majors and programs, including students from American Samoa and Micronesia, utilized CTSA projects to complete their degrees and were trained in aquaculture skills, i.e. trenching, plumbing, canopy construction, tank maintenance, growth measurements, use of YSI and pH probes, water quality analysis methods, experimental design, and record keeping. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results of all CTSA project and program accomplishments are primarily disseminated through the "Aquaculture Information Service" project. A monthly e-newsletter, Regional e-Notes, features project summaries, updates, and pertinent regional aquaculture information, and is distributed to more than 650 readers, an audience that includes farmers, researchers, U.S. senators and other policymakers. The project also produces a video series that profiles various aquaculture activities in the CTSA region. Created for stakeholder and public audiences, the videos are helping to increase global understanding of aquaculture in the Pacific. The CTSA website and other internet-based outlets are regularly updated with information. In addition, during the final reporting period for this grant, the 'Information Services' project produced and distributed an updated 'CTSA Project Impacts' publication, highlighting the impacts of CTSA funded projects over the past decade. Individual projects also conduct their own information dissemination efforts. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
CTSA completed its FY22 development process. Full proposals were reviewed internally and externally in autumn 2022, revised to accommodate reviewer suggestions, and resubmitted to CTSA by Dec 2022. The CTSA Board approved the POW in Feb 2023, and it was sent to the USDA in March for final review. In addition, CTSA initiated its FY23 development process in March by determining regional industry priorities using input of the IAC and other regional stakeholders. An RFP-P based on those priorities was released in April, and pre-proposals were received by June 5. Full proposals were requested on July 27, and the next step in the development process is the internal and external review process. Individual Projects: Funds from this grant were committed to support the following projects: FY20 PoW: "Advancing Aquatic Animal Health Diagnostic Testing in Hawaii." FY19 PoW: "Improving Live Feeds Production Efficiency: A Bottom-Up Approach to Increase Marine Finfish Aquaculture Yields," "Examination of Parasitic Infections in Shrimp Populations in Hawaii and Detection of Pathogens in Commonly-used Shrimp Feeds," "Upgrading Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal for Aquatic Feeds Using a Sustainable Microbial Process," "Demonstration Aquaponics Unit for Formerly Homeless Village," and "Aquaculture Information Service for the Pacific Region, FY2019," as well as the FY19 mini-grant project "Development of an Immersive Virtual Reality Experience for Increasing Engagement in Aquaculture." FY18 PoW: "Developing Bivalve Farming in Hawaii, Supplemental funding" "Diagnosing Prevalent Diseases of Aquacultured Fish in Hawaii," "Optimizing coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus) culture to promote rapid commercialization in the U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands" "Cultivation of Caulerpa, Codium, and Asparagopsis: Trying to tame three Hawaiian macroalgae," "What's in the gut? A Metabarcoding Approach to Examining Diet in First Feeding Larvae," "Establishing cost-effectiveness and efficiency of locally produced feeds and Moi farming technology in the Republic of Marshall Islands," and "Aquaculture Information Service for the Pacific Region, FY2018." FY17 PoW: "Developing Bivalve Farming in Hawaii," "Opihi Aquaculture, Year 6: Improving Hatchery Technology and Production," "Improving cost-effectiveness of producing local aquatic feed from papaya fruit wastes via innovative bioprocessing" and "Development of a Sustainable Aquaculture and Fishery for the Mangrove Crab Scylla serrata Forskall," and "Improving the commercial aquaculture feasibility for Yellow Tang (Zebrasoma flavescens): Resolving early bottlenecks to improve culture yield." Individual Project Accomplishments: Under the 'Diagnostic Testing' project, imported koi and water samples were tested for KHV. A real time PCR assay for Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus, and Francisella orientalis was developed and used to test live feeds. A LAMP assay for Francisella orientalis was developed. The 'Live Feeds' project established experimental copepod populations and maintained them at increased culture densities, demonstrating that copepods can be produced at higher densities than currently used. Under the 'Shrimp Disease' project, the UH aquaculture disease laboratory performed analysis for seven OIE listed shrimp disease in commonly-used shrimp feeds and performed parasitic and histologic examination of shrimp, leading to refinement of procedures and baseline knowledge of pathogen status. The 'Black Soldier Fly' project work group used a simple solid-state fermentation of BSFL with the fungus Aspergillus oryzae to upgrade the nutritional quality of BSFL by boosting protein while lowering excess fat. The biomass produced was formulated into a diet with fishmeal replacement as high as 50%. The 'Aquaponics' project constructed an aquaponics system in Kahauiki village and provided critical technical training for residents to run the system. The project was profiled in a CTSA video produced under the ongoing annual 'Aquaculture Information Service' project, which also continues to distribute CTSA's monthly e-newsletter, manage the website, prepare the AAR, and complete other information dissemination activities. During the reporting period, the project produced an updated 'CTSA Project Impacts' publication and began production on two aquaculture videos. The 'Virtual Reality' project successfully created an immersive educational tool to provide users with the ability to virtually travel to remote aquaculture locations. The 'Supplemental Bivalve Farming' project conducted work on three species of oysters, helping to secure their future supply in Hawaii. The 'Diagnosing Diseases' project conducted an industry needs assessment and literature review to compile a list of the six most diseases of concern to Hawaii producers. Fin and gills were sampled from tilapia and koi and tissues were obtained from oysters. In total, 928 tissue samples were collected from farms and markets and tested. Under the 'Coral Grouper' project, the research group successfully demonstrated the sustained, natural production of eggs from captive coral grouper broodstock, and also improved fingerling production methods to achieve over 20% survival in the hatchery. The 'Macroalgae' project conducted multiple experiments to determine the best growth conditions for three native Hawaiian macroalgae. The 'Metabarcoding' project used genetic technology to determine the stomach contents of fish larvae of varying species and size, showing a breakthrough proof of concept. The 'RMI Moi' project developed protocols for the growout of Moi in the RMI by testing newly developed diets; establishing a baseline for and optimal stocking density for commercial grow-out; initiating development of a new grow-out feeding regime to lower the cost of feed; and transferring the technology. The 'Bivalve Farming' project focused on selective breeding for higher growth rates. The project developed multiple family lines and disease-free reserves of Crassostrea virginica using broodstock sourced from WA and HI. The 'Opihi' project did not achieve its original goal to close the life cycle of opihi. It was determined that writing a business plan for commercialproduction is premature, and instead the project focused largely on spawning work.The 'Papaya Waste' project established a process to culture papaya yeast meal as a potential replacement for fishmeal, and results found that the ingredient can replace up to 25% of FM in a tilapia diet. The 'Mangrove Crab' project conducted larval rearing and nursery trials. The project then was delayed for several months due to a PI change. In January 2022, the new PI was hired and distributed approximately 300+/- crabs to Palau farmers. The project also provided technical assistance to four farms. The 'Yellow Tang' project successfully improved rearing protocols resulting in mean survival of 3-5% (up from 1%), with a record of 6-7% in a few runs. The primary reasons for this improved survival were increased pH of rearing system, and enhanced weaning onto Gemma microdiets. The results of this work were immediately implemented into rearing protocols in Biota's commercial hatchery in Hawaii.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Several presentations on PCC rabbitfish and mangrove crab production in Palau.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Black soldier fly larvae meal as a protein ingredient to replace fish meal in the diets of Pacific white shrimp. Poster.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Manual on tetraploid production.
- Type:
Websites
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
New website: www.ctsa.org
CTSA: Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Mau, A. and Jha, R. 2018. The protein to energy ratio requirement of yellowfoot limpet (Cellana sandwicensis Pease, 1861) in a novel grow-out system. Aquaculture Reports.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Chemical Synthesis of a Novel Peptide (oGnRH) for Pheromone Stimulation of Spawning in Opihi (Cellana exarata.) 2018. 30th annual SRS award Best PhD Poster Presentation, SRS symposium UH Manoa.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Multiple formal presentations were made to Paepae O Heeia fish pond and Sacred Hearts Academy on aspects of opihi aquaculture, biology, and conservation in 2017-2018.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Upgrading Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal for Aquatic Feeds Using a Sustainable Microbial Process. 2023. Oral presentation by graduate student Daniel Ochoa at the 2023 CTAHR Showcase & Research Symposium.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
CTSA Regional e-Notes monthly newsletter (12 issues each year the project was active).
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Delos Santos, M.A. 2020. "Establishing a Better Combination of Algal Diets to Improve the Survival Rate of Megalopae in the Larval Rearing of Mangrove Crab Scylla serrata (Forsskal, 1755)." World Aquaculture Society, Aquaculture America 2020. Honolulu, Hawaii.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Murashige, R. 2022. Aquaculture in the RMI. 2022 National Aquaculture Extension Conference, Portland, Maine.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Callan, C. 2020. Increasing survival and growth in larval leopard coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus) using intensively cultured copepod nau-plii. World Aquaculture Society, Aquaculture America 2020. Honolulu, Hawaii.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Callan, C. 2019. Dont try this at home? Taking marine ornamental aquaculture for scientific discovery to commercial feasibility. Marine Aquarium Conference of North America, Orlando Florida.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Groover, E. 2020. Plan for addressing early bottlenecks in Zebrasoma flavescens larval survival. World Aquaculture Society, Aquaculture America 2020. Honolulu, Hawaii.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Whetstone, C. and McDermid, K.J. 2021. Effects of Effects of Irradiance, Nutrient Enrichment, and CO2 on Photosynthetic Efficiency of Hawaiian Chondrus sp. nov. and Halymenia hawaiiana (Rhodophyta). 75th Annual Phycological Society of America.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
McDermid, K., Bejang, S., Haws, M., Colo, C., Criscione, R., Masse, R., Mason, M., and Shigematsu, K. 2022. Using Native Macroalgae Halymenia (Rhodophyta) and Caulerpa (Chlorophyta), in Brassy Chub Diets. Joint Aquatic Sciences Meeting.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Kamau, I. 2022. Effects of stocking density and nutrient treatments on the growth of the native Hawaiian red macroalga Limu Lepe-o-hina (Halymenia hawaiiana) in culture. Marine Science Senior Capstone Symposium.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Whetstone, C. and McDermid, K.J. 2023. Effects of Irradiance, Nutrient Enrichment, and CO2 on Photosynthetic Efficiency of Hawaiian Chondrus sp. nov. and Halymenia hawaiiana (Rhodophyta): Predicting Responses to Further Anthropogenic Changes. Journal of Phycology.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Grady, B.W., Kittle III, R.P., Pugh, A., Lamson, M.R., Richards, J.L., Fredericq, S., Allen, Q., Asner, G.P., and McDermid, K.J. 2023. Long term ecological changes on reefs on Hawaii Island (2003-2020): Silent spread of the crustose macroalga Ramicrusta hawaiiensis (Peyssonneliales, Rhodophyta) Frontiers in Marine Science.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2023
Citation:
Kittle III, R.P., McDermid, K.J., Veillet, A., Schmidt, W.E., and Fredericq, S. 2023. Lost in the tropics: Chondrus sp. nov. (Rhodophyta) on East Hawaii Island.
|
Progress 09/01/21 to 08/31/22
Outputs
Target Audience: The project serves the aquaculture industry in the American Insular Pacific Region, including researchers, educators, and producers. Through its funding of aquaculture research, development, and extension education projects, CTSA supported the development of aquaculture and delivered science-based knowledge to the aquaculture community in the region. CTSA provides information including the results of research and project findings on its website, which is accessible to interested individuals in the CTSA region, the United States, and internationally. Changes/Problems:The 'Disease' project experienced significant challenges; the primary technician left her post and the co-PI passed away during the critical sample collection period, so there was a lag in sample procurement and processing. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Multiple projects funded under this grant have provided and/or will provide opportunities for training and professional development. As previously reported, extensive training occurred under the Metabarcoding, Papaya Waste, and RMI projects. Under the RMI project, local technicians and a new foreign technician have been trained in marine finfish hatchery, grow out and feed manufacturing technologies. Graduate and undergraduate student training has also occurred under the Bivalves and Hawaiian Macroalgae projects. Many students from varying majors and programs, including students from American Samoa and Micronesia, were trained in aquaculture skills, i.e. trenching, plumbing, canopy construction, tank maintenance, growth measurements, use of YSI and pH probes, water quality analysis methods, experimental design, and record keeping. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results of all CTSA project and program accomplishments are primarily disseminated through the "Aquaculture Information Service" project. A monthly e-newsletter, Regional e-Notes, features project summaries, updates, and pertinent regional aquaculture information, and is distributed to more than 600 readers, an audience that includes farmers, researchers, U.S. senators and other policymakers. The project also produces a video series that profiles various aquaculture activities in the CTSA region. Created for stakeholder and public audiences, the videos are helping to increase global understanding of aquaculture in the Pacific. In addition, the CTSA website and other internet-based outlets are regularly updated with information. Individual projects also conduct their own information dissemination efforts. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Each active project will continue working to achieve its individual objectives. FY22 full proposals received in September 2022 will undergo internal and external review. CTSA will distribute funding to the highest ranked proposals until it has exhausted all available funds. The selected full proposals will comprise the CTSA FY22 Plan of Work, which will be discussed and approved (or amended as needed) by the CTSA Board of Directors in January 2023, and sent to the USDA for final review in Spring 2023.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
During the reporting period, CTSA completed its FY21 development process. Full proposals were reviewed both internally and externally in the autumn of 2021, revised to accommodate reviewer suggestions, and resubmitted to CTSA by December 2021. The CTSA Board of Directors approved the Plan of Work in January 2022, and it was sent to the USDA in March for final review. In addition, CTSA initiated its FY22 development process in March 2022 by determining regional industry priorities using input of the Industry Advisory Council and other regional stakeholders. A "Request for Pre-Proposals" based on those priorities was released in April, and pre-proposals were received by June 3, 2022. Ten full proposals were requested on July 26, and the next step in the development process will be the internal and external review process in September. Individual Projects Funds from this grant have been committed to fully support the five projects included in the CTSA FY2019 Plan of Work (PoW): "Improving Live Feeds Production Efficiency: A Bottom-Up Approach to Increase Marine Finfish Aquaculture Yields," "Examination of Parasitic Infections in Shrimp Populations in Hawaii and Detection of Pathogens in Commonly-used Shrimp Feeds," "Upgrading Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal for Aquatic Feeds Using a Sustainable Microbial Process, Year 1," "Demonstration Aquaponics Unit for Formerly Homeless Village," and "Aquaculture Information Service for the Pacific Region, FY2019," as well as the FY19 mini-grant project "Development of an Immersive Virtual Reality Experience for Increasing Engagement in Aquaculture."Funds from this grant were also committed to fully support the following seven projects included in the CTSA FY2018 Plan of Work (PoW): "Developing Bivalve Farming in Hawaii, Supplemental funding for Year 7," "Diagnosing Prevalent Diseases of Aquacultured Fish in Hawaii," "Optimizing coral grouper culture to promote rapid commercialization in the U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands (Year 4)," "Cultivation of Caulerpa, Asapargopsis, andCodium: Trying to tame three Hawaiian macroalgae, Years 1 and 2," "What's in the gut? A Metabarcoding Approach to Examining Diet in First Feeding Larvae," "Establishing cost-effectiveness and efficiency of locally produced feeds and Moi farming technology in the Republic of Marshall Islands, Years 4 and 5," and "Aquaculture Information Service for the Pacific Region, FY2018." Funds from this grant were also committed to fully support the following five projects included in the FY2017 PoW: "Developing Bivalve Farming in Hawaii, Year 7," "Opihi Aquaculture, Year 6: Improving Hatchery Technology and Production," "Improving cost-effectiveness of producing local aquatic feed from papaya fruit wastes via innovative bioprocessing, Year 2," and "Development of a Sustainable Aquaculture and Fishery for the Mangrove Crab Scylla serrata Forskall, Year 5," and "Improving the commercial aquaculture feasibility for Yellow Tang: Resolving early bottlenecks to improve culture yield, Year 3." Individual Project Accomplishments The COVID-19 global pandemic has continued to cause delays and unforeseen challenges for many CTSA funded projects. Nevertheless, projects are proceedingand have reported the following accomplishments. The 'Live Feeds' project established experimental copepod populations and maintained them at increased culture densities. Results demonstrated that copepods can be produced at higher densities than currently used, and that the resulting total number of eggs and nauplii will increase with increased adult density after 3 generations of selection. If this can be scaled to commercial production levels, it will significantly improve the efficiency of copepod production.Under the 'Shrimp Disease' project, the UH aquaculture disease laboratory performed analysis for seven OIE listed shrimp disease in commonly-used shrimp feeds and performed parasitic and histologic examination of shrimp, leading to refinement of procedures and baseline knowledge of pathogen status. Assays for testing of feed were revised to provide the most useful results for producers. Feed and farm samples were collected and analyzed for the pathogens described. The 'Black Soldier Fly' project work group is using a simple process to increase protein and decreasefat in the BSFM, as Black Soldier Fliesclump together due to high lipid content. The process uses solid-state fermentation (SSF) of BSFL with a fungus known as Koji to upgrade the nutritional quality of BSFL by boosting protein while lowering excess fat.The 'Aquaponics' project had a slow start due to logistical challenges, but the system has been constructed and the first crop of vegetables was harvested in July 2022. The project is currently developing a more robust operations manual for the village volunteers who will run the system beyond the project. The project is being profiled in a forthcoming video from the ongoing annual 'Aquaculture Information Service' project, which also continues to distribute CTSA's monthly e-newsletter, manage the CTSA website, prepare the Annual Accomplishment Report, and complete other information dissemination activities. During the reporting period, the project began production on two aquaculture videos and initiated preparation of an updated 'CTSA Project Impacts' publication. Year 7 of the 'Bivalve Farming' project has focused on selective breeding for higher growth rates. The project has been developing multiple family lines and disease-free reserves ofCrassostrea virginicausing broodstock sourced from Washington State and from Hawaii. The Washington broodstock are spawning, though the research group has had difficulties obtaining broodstock in Hawaii; they will continue collecting through 2022. The group has also observed that breeding for the market desired pink shell is possible; it appears to be an inheritable trait.Year 2 of the 'Macroalgae' project continued experiments to determine the best growth conditions (light, nutrients, water flow, substratum, CO2 levels) for three native Hawaiian macroalgae:Caulerpa lentillifera, Asapargopsis taxiformis, andCodium edule.The recently completed project provided scientifically tested cultivation information for native species suitable for commercial farming applications, and conducted education activities and training for Hawaii youth and college students. Year 5 of the 'RMI Moi' project has continued improving grow out and training local technicians. The cages have reached six months of grow-out with 93% survival. New feed and improved cage maintenance including changing out the net has improved survival, but the work group is experiencing a long-term feed issue due to lack of local bycatch as a result of Covid-19. To mitigate the issue, the project is working with the Marshall Islands Fishery Venture to procure fish processing waste. Year 5 of the 'Mangrove Crab' project was delayed for several months due to a PI change. In January 2022, just prior to the completion of the project, the new PI was hired and distributed approximately 300+/- crabs to Palau farmers. The project also provided technical assistance to four farms, including a new commercial farm in Koror. Year 3 of the 'Yellow Tang' project has focused on finalizing the refinement of hatchery protocols. Biota has been implementing the project results and new protocols including anincreased pH level. The new protocols have made a significant difference in production yields, essentially proving the project hypothesis. The remaining work is mostly related to disseminating the project results with an emphasis on telling the story of this successful partnership between OI, Biota and CTSA/USDA.The remainder of projects have either been completed with final accomplishments previously reported, or have not yet reported any results.
Publications
- Type:
Websites
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture. www.ctsa.org
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
CTSA Regional e-Notes (12 issues - monthly newsletter)
|
Progress 09/01/20 to 08/31/21
Outputs
Target Audience: The project serves the aquaculture industry in the American Insular Pacific Region, including researchers, educators, and producers. Through its funding of aquaculture research, development, and extension education projects, CTSA supported the development of aquaculture and delivered science-based knowledge to the aquaculture community in the region. CTSA provides information including the results of research and project findings on its website, which is accessible to interested individuals in the CTSA region, the United States, and internationally. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Multiple projects funded under this grant have provided and/or will provide opportunities for training and professional development. To date, extensive training has occurred under the Metabarcoding project. Graduate student Cassie Lyons was trained comprehensively in metabarcoding techniques and method development for molecular stomach content analysis of larval fish, a novel technique for application in aquaculture. Graduate and undergraduate student training has also occurred under the Bivalves, Hawaiian Macroalgae, and Papaya Waste projects. In addition, under the RMI project, local technicians and a new foreign technician have been trained in marine finfish hatchery, grow out and feed manufacturing technologies. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results of all CTSA project and program accomplishments are primarily disseminated through the "Aquaculture Information Service" project. A monthly e-newsletter, Regional e-Notes, features project summaries, updates, and pertinent regional aquaculture information, and is distributed to more than 1,000 readers, an audience that includes farmers, researchers, U.S. senators and other policymakers. The project also produces a video series that profiles various aquaculture activities in the CTSA region. Created for stakeholder and public audiences, the videos are helping to increase global understanding of aquaculture in the Pacific. In addition, the CTSA website and other internet-based outlets are regularly updated with information. During the reporting period, the CTSA website was completely redesigned, and launched in February 2021. Individual projects also conduct their own information dissemination efforts. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Each active project will continue working to achieve its individual objectives. FY21 full proposals received in August 2021 will undergo internal and external review. CTSA will distribute funding to the highest ranked proposals until it has exhausted all available funds. The selected full proposals will comprise the CTSA FY21 Plan of Work, which will be discussed and approved (or amended as needed) by the CTSA Board of Directors in January 2022, and sent to the USDA for final approval in Spring 2022.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
During the reporting period, CTSA completed its FY20 development process. Full proposals were reviewed both internally and externally in the autumn of 2020, revised to accommodate reviewer suggestions, and resubmitted to CTSA in final format by December 2020. The CTSA Board approved the Plan of Work (PoW) in January 2021, and it was sent to the USDA in March for final approval. CTSA also initiated its FY21 development process in March 2021 by determining regional industry priorities using input of the Industry Advisory Council and other regional stakeholders. A "Request for Pre- Proposals" based on those priorities was released in April, and pre-proposals were received by June 4, 2021. Full proposals were requested on July 14, and the next step in the development process will be the review process in August and September 2021. Funds from this grant have been committed to fully support the projects included in the CTSA FY2019 PoW: "Improving Live Feeds Production Efficiency: A Bottom-Up Approach to Increase Marine Finfish Aquaculture Yields," "Examination of Parasitic Infections in Shrimp Populations in Hawaii and Detection of Pathogens in Commonly-used Shrimp Feeds," "Upgrading Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal for Aquatic Feeds Using a Sustainable Microbial Process, Year 1," "Demonstration Aquaponics Unit for Formerly Homeless Village," "Aquaculture Information Service for the Pacific Region, FY2019."Funds from this grant were also committed to fully support the following seven projects included in the CTSA FY2018 PoW: "Developing Bivalve Farming in Hawaii, Supplemental funding for Year 7," "Diagnosing Prevalent Diseases of Aquacultured Fish in Hawaii," "Optimizing coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus) culture to promote rapid commercialization in the U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands (Year 4)," "Cultivation of Caulerpa, Codium, and Asparagopsis: Trying to tame three Hawaiian macroalgae (Year 1)," "What's in the gut? A Metabarcoding Approach to Examining Diet in First Feeding Larvae," "Establishing cost-effectiveness and efficiency of locally produced feeds and Moi farming technology in the Republic of Marshall Islands (Year 4)," and "Aquaculture Information Service for the Pacific Region, FY2018." Funds from this grant were also committed to fully support the following four projects included in the FY2017 PoW: "Developing Bivalve Farming in Hawaii, Year 7," "Opihi Aquaculture, Year 6: Improving Hatchery Technology and Production," "Improving cost-effectiveness of producing local aquatic feed from papaya fruit wastes via innovative bioprocessing, Year 2," and "Development of a Sustainable Aquaculture and Fishery for the Mangrove Crab Scylla serrata Forskall, Year 5," as well as partially support the following project included the FY2017 PoW: "Improving the commercial aquaculture feasibility for Yellow Tang (Zebrasoma flavescens): Resolving early bottlenecks to improve culture yield, Year 2." COVID-19 has caused delays and unforeseen challenges for many CTSA funded projects during the current reporting period. Nevertheless, projects are proceeding. The Live Feeds project only recently began. The research teamhas experienced variability in achieving survival to adulthood, which is critical to the live feeds trials. The Black Soldier Fly project also recently began.The project has made progress but there has been a delay in recruiting students due to the pandemic. Since January, the research grouphas been trying to reproduce previous results, and the challenge is scaling up; they are looking at increasing the depth of trays to process a larger amount per tray, and alsotrying to see if the fungus can grow in suspension culture. The Bivalves projectis focusing on forming two families of native oysters. The research group has experienced issues obtaining kumamoto oysters; it has been difficult to find a reliable source and the costs to check for diseases have increased, making the work prohibitive. The PI will therefore be requesting to modify the scope of work during the next reporting period. The Disease project achieved a milestone in May 2021 when the lab received certification from the USDA. However, the project has experienced a significant disruption following the sudden death of the project Co-PI, Dr. Lei Yamasaki.The project was only able to sample 4 out of the 10 farms as planned in April and May. Some farms indicated they did not want to participate, and the PI is having difficulties identifying the blind samples that Dr. Yamasaki took before her passing.The project will continue with sampling as scheduled in September and October.There are now three groups of F1 broodstock that are spawning under the Coral Grouper project. The research group has observed that larger fish are cannibalizing others and are growing very fast as a result (4-6 grams vs. 1 gram). During the next cycle the group hopes to demonstrate more rapid growth with the correct feed. They cannot get the fish to maturity but have determined that the early growth rate is too slow on commercial feeds. The Hawaiian Macroaglaeproject is progressing, and new data is being collected. Production protocols for Caulerpa have been mostly determined; the project is continuing experimentation on growing in racks for support. The project is producing enough Codium biomass to experiment this summer, and the limu kohu have dropped spores. The project has also provided seaweed for classroomlabs / student experimentation as requested.The Metabarcodingproject is progressing; larvae samples were obtained from NOAA offshore tows and the project's nearshore tows.The research group has analyzed a small batch of samples and achieved good results with aquarium fish. Now,DNA sequences need to be shipped to Australia to be sequenced. Moving forward, the project will work on expanding the database and amount of species. The RMI feed projecthas experienced a major issue with contamination (insecticide) of the fishmeal used in projectfeeds. In March, three cages were stocked with juvenilesfor two trials; the cages experienced high mortality, likely due to the contaminated feed. The contaminated feed was discarded, and the project is using a different feeding regime of commercial feed mixed with raw skipjack until the fishmeal is replaced and the feeding trials can resume.The ongoing annual Information Service project continues to distribute CTSA's monthly e-newsletter, manage the CTSA website, prepare the AAR, and complete other information dissemination activities. During the reporting period, the project developed and launched an updated and user-friendly CTSA website. The Papaya Waste project is nearing completion, and during the reporting periodwas able to produce an adequate amount of biomass for the feeding trials at UH Hilo. The group formulated 5 feeds containing up to 100% of the papaya yeast ingredient as a replacement for fishmeal. They conducted a six-week trial during which fish were fed twice a day. Fish fed a diet containing the yeast meal at a level of 25% had a higher growth rate than fish fed commercial feed; this feed formula also had the lowest FCR. The group is now waiting on the proximate analysis of the fish from the trial to estimatenutrient retention.Year 2 of the Yellow Tang project came to a close and Year 3 is underway; throughout Year 2, researchers continued to focus on improving egg quality and conducting hatchery trials.They recently started stocking tanks to execute Year 3 objectives; twelve 1.5 ton tanks are stocked with larvae and the group is experiencing high survival through the first 20 days. Days 25-35, there is a lot of mortality, which might be related to nutrition. When the project began, survival was at 1% and it is now at 2-3%.The remainder of projects have either been completed or have not yet reported any results.
Publications
- Type:
Websites
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture. www.ctsa.org
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
CTSA Regional e-Notes (monthly newsletter)
|
Progress 09/01/19 to 08/31/20
Outputs
Target Audience:The project serves the aquaculture industry in the American Insular Pacific Region, including researchers, educators, and producers. Through its funding of aquaculture research, development, and extension education projects, CTSA supportsthe development of aquaculture and deliversscience-based knowledge to the aquaculture community in the region. CTSA provides information including the results of research and project findings on its website, which is accessible to interested individuals in the CTSA region, the United States, and internationally. Changes/Problems:In general, the Covid 19 global pandemic has caused delays and unforeseen challenges for most CTSA funded projects during the last six months of the current reporting period (March - August 2020). What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Multiple projects funded under this grant have provided and/or will provide opportunities for training and professional development. To date, extensive training has occurred under the Metabarcoding project. Graduate student Cassie Lyons was trained extensively in metabarcoding techniques and method development for molecular stomach content analysis of larval fish, a novel technique for application in aquaculture. In addition, under the RMI project, local technicians and a new foreign technician have been trained in marine finfish hatchery, grow out and feed manufacturing technologies. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results of all CTSA project and program accomplishments are primarily disseminated through the "Aquaculture Information Service" project. A monthly e-newsletter, Regional e-Notes, features project summaries, updates, and pertinent regional aquaculture information, and is distributed to more than 1,000 readers, an audience that includes farmers, researchers, U.S. senators and other policymakers. The project has also initiated a new video series that profiles various aquaculture activities in the CTSA region. Created for stakeholder and public audiences, the videos are helping to increase global understanding of aquaculture in the Pacific. In addition, the CTSA website and other internet-based outlets are regularly updated with information. Individual projects also conduct their own information dissemination efforts. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Each project will work to achieve its individual objectives. Not all projects funded under this grant have commenced; all are expected to begin during the next reporting period. FY20 full proposals received in August 2020 will undergo internal and external review. CTSA will distribute funding to the highest ranked proposals until it has exhausted all available funds. The selected full proposals will comprise the CTSA FY20 Plan of Work, which will be discussed and approved (or amended as needed) by the CTSA Board of Directors in January 2021, and sent to the USDA for final approval in Spring 2021.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
During the reporting period, CTSA completed its FY19 development process. Full proposals were reviewed both internally and externally in the autumn of 2019, revised to accommodate reviewer suggestions, and resubmitted to CTSA in final format by December 2019. The CTSA Board of Directors approved the Plan of Work in January 2020, and it was sent to the USDA in April for final approval. In addition, CTSA initiated its FY20 development process in March 2020 by determining regional industry priorities using input of the Industry Advisory Council and other regional stakeholders. A "Request for Pre- Proposals" based on those priorities was released in April, and pre-proposals were received by June 5, 2020. Full proposals were requested on July 10, and the next step in the development process will be the internal and external review process in August and September 2020. Individual Projects Funds from this grant have been committed to full support four projects included in the CTSA FY2019 Plan of Work (PoW), which is pending approval from the USDA and will be reported on in subsequent reports. Funds from this grant were also committed to fully support the following seven projects included in the CTSA FY2018 Plan of Work (PoW): "Developing Bivalve Farming in Hawaii, Supplemental funding for Year 7," "Diagnosing Prevalent Diseases of Aquacultured Fish in Hawaii," "Optimizing coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus) culture to promote rapid commercialization in the U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands (Year 4)," "Cultivation of Caulerpa, Codium, and Asparagopsis: Trying to tame three Hawaiian macroalgae (Year 1)," "What's in the gut? A Metabarcoding Approach to Examining Diet in First Feeding Larvae," "Establishing cost-effectiveness and efficiency of locally produced feeds and Moi farming technology in the Republic of Marshall Islands (Year 4)," and "Aquaculture Information Service for the Pacific Region, FY2018." Funds from this grant were also committed to fully support the following four projects included in the FY2017 PoW: "Developing Bivalve Farming in Hawaii, Year 7," "Opihi Aquaculture, Year 6: Improving Hatchery Technology and Production," "Improving cost-effectiveness of producing local aquatic feed from papaya fruit wastes via innovative bioprocessing, Year 2," and "Development of a Sustainable Aquaculture and Fishery for the Mangrove Crab Scylla serrata Forskall, Year 5," as well as partially support the following project included the FY2017 PoW: "Improving the commercial aquaculture feasibility for Yellow Tang (Zebrasoma flavescens): Resolving early bottlenecks to improve culture yield, Year 2." Individual Project Accomplishments In general, the Covid 19 global pandemic has caused delays and unforeseen challenges for most CTSA funded projects during the last six months of the current reporting period (March - August 2020). Nevertheless, projects are proceeding, and have reported the following accomplishments. The Disease project is two months behind, largely related to the inability to collect market samples in Spring 2020. The work has now regained traction during the summer. A list of six targeted pathogens has been established: Tilapia Lake Virus, Koi Herpesvirus, Spring Viremia of Carp, Streptococcus iniae, Ostreid Herpsesvirus, and Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis. Researchers selected 12 primers and 6 probes that were reliable and validated, and constructed a plasmid model containing the six target sequences to be used as a positive control for absolute quantification. The Coral Grouper project was originally scheduled for completion thisyear but a no-cost extension has been approved until July 2021. Earlier this year, the grouper stopped spawning; the research group is hoping to get better quality spawns later this summer. The current broodstock consists of two wild-caught females and one male.F1's are spawning but their quality is low; the research group will continue to work on their spawning.The Macroalgae project is progressing; however, due to Covid 19, the work group was not able to collectsamples of asparagopsis on Maui and Oahu while they were in bloom in early spring 2020. However, they were able to collect the three species on the Big Island and currently have them in tanks in the limu hale. The basic biology for caulerpa has been determined, and a protocol for simple home cultivation of the species is being developed.Under the Metabarcoding, the graduate student has been trained in the technology, and demonstrated that she is able to bypass blocking primers, do DNA sequencing, and filter. She has set up the protocols for collecting and analyzing samples at HIMB. Undergrads have analyzed existing samples on file, andare currently pulling larvae from plankton tows. Finding Yellow Tang has been the biggest challenge; some larvae were obtained from the Oceanic Institute, and have helped to establish baseline data, but there are none coming up in plankton tows. The group continues to conduct monthly plankton tows in an effort to capture Yellow Tang.The RMI feed project has thus far not been able to obtain goodeggs, andis planning to submit a request for a no-cost extension. The PI has, however, solved previous local training issues by hiring a worker from the Philippines who relocated to the RMI with his wife, who works for the local government. Staff has been cut to nine core workers who are well trained, and 1 or 2 other technicians will be brought in for the cage site. As soon as the research group is able to obtain eggs, they will do a small land-based trial and cage trial.The ongoing annual Aquaculture Information Service project continues to distribute CTSA's monthly e-newsletter, manage the CTSA website, prepare the Annual Accomplishment Report, and complete other information dissemination activities. Year 6 of the Opihi project has recently come to a close. The project did not achieve its original goal to close the life cycle of opihi. It was determined that writing a business plan for commercialproduction is premature, and instead the project focused largely on spawning work. The most recent effort resulted in underdeveloped gametes (when compared with previous spawning). A big limitation was the delay of the season by a month. The water quality may also be a factor, as opihi housed at Big Island Abalone do not seem to have any issues. The Papaya Waste project is progressing in its goal to create an aquatic feed ingredient made of yeast cultured on papaya waste; the research group is on track to provide UHH with the 1kg of biomass needed to start the fish trial in September or October. The research group is currently trying to shorten the time framefor harvesting the yeast so as to minimize the chance of contamination. They found that water must be added to thepuree in the beginning of the process to help the culture grow; some of it evaporates through the process, and then a dehydrator is used to remove the excesswater. The resulting product has a texture of beef jerky, and will be milled by UHH for addition into a feed. During Year 2 of the Yellow Tang project, researchers have focused on improving egg quality, and hatchery trials are underway. New broodstock have been obtained from local/regional aquarium systems. Some wild stock have been caught but they will need a couple of years to acclimate until they are ready to breed. Some larval fish are making it to the second week but others are still experiencing mortality during the first week, and the research group is investigating to determine the best first feed. The remainder of projects have not yet begun and/or have not yet reported any results.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Murphy, B.E., Valdez, A.R., Bingham, J.P. (2020) Understanding molluscan reproduction through and endocrinological lenses: A review of involved signaling peptides, pathways & their potential to propel aquacultures success.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Valdez, A.R, Murphy, B.E., and Bingham, J.P. (2020) Signaling mechanisms involved in settlement and metamorphosis of marine molluscs in aquaculture: A Review.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Mau, A., Franklin, E.C., Nagashima, K., Huss, G.R., Valdez, A.R., Nicodemus, P.N., and Bingham J.P. (2020, February 9-12). Near-daily reconstruction of tropical intertidal sea-surface temperature from Hawaiian limpet shells to infer their life-history. Aquaculture America 2020, Honolulu, HI.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Callan, Chad (2020, February 9-12). Plan for addressing early bottlenecks in Zebrasoma flavescens larval survival. Aquaculture America 2020, Honolulu, HI.
- Type:
Websites
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture. www.ctsa.org
|
Progress 09/01/18 to 08/31/19
Outputs
Target Audience:The project serves the aquaculture industry in the American Insular Pacific Region, including researchers, educators, and producers. Through its funding of aquaculture research, development, and extension education projects, CTSA supported the development of aquaculture and delivered science-based knowledge to the aquaculture community in the region. CTSA provides information including the results of research and project findings on its website, which is accessible to interested individuals in the CTSA region, the United States, and internationally. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Multiple projects funded under this grant will provide opportunities for training and professional development. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results of all CTSA project and program accomplishments are primarily disseminated through the "Aquaculture Information Service" project. A monthly e-newsletter, Regional e-Notes, features project summaries, updates, and pertinent regional aquaculture information, and is distributed to more than 1,000 readers, an audience that includes farmers, researchers, U.S. senators and other policymakers. The project has also initiated a new video series that profiles various aquaculture activities in the CTSA region. Created for stakeholder and public audiences, the videos are helping to increase global understanding of aquaculture in the Pacific. In addition, the CTSA website and other internet-based outlets are regularly updated with information. Individual projects also conduct their own information dissemination efforts. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Each project will begin and work to achieve its individual objectives. Once the FY19 full proposals are reviewed, CTSA will distribute funding to the highest ranked proposals until it has exhausted all available funds. The selected full proposals will comprise the CTSA FY19 Plan of Work, which will be discussed and approved (or amended as needed) by the CTSA Board of Directors in January 2020, and sent to the USDA for final approval in Spring 2020.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
During the reporting period, CTSA completed its FY18 development process. Full proposals were reviewed both internally and externally in the autumn of 2018, revised to accommodate reviewer suggestions, and resubmitted to CTSA in final format by December 2018. The CTSA Board of Directors approved the Plan of Work in January 2019, and it was sent to the USDA in March for final approval. In addition, CTSA initiated its FY19 development process in March 2019 by determining regional industry priorities using input of the Industry Advisory Council and other regional stakeholders. A "Request for Pre- Proposals" based on those priorities was released in April, and pre-proposals were received by June 14, 2019. Full proposals were requested on July 12, and the next step in the development process will be the internal and external review process in August and September 2019. Funds from this grant have been committed to fully support the following seven projects included in the CTSA FY2018 Plan of Work (PoW): "Developing Bivalve Farming in Hawaii, Supplemental funding for Year 7," "Diagnosing Prevalent Diseases of Aquacultured Fish in Hawaii," "Optimizing coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus) culture to promote rapid commercialization in the U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands (Year 4)," "Cultivation of Caulerpa, Codium, and Asparagopsis: Trying to tame three Hawaiian macroalgae (Year 1)," "What's in the gut? A Metabarcoding Approach to Examining Diet in First Feeding Larvae," "Establishing cost-effectiveness and efficiency of locally produced feeds and Moi farming technology in the Republic of Marshall Islands (Year 4)," and "Aquaculture Information Service for the Pacific Region, FY2018." Funds from this grant were also committed to fully support the following four projects included in the FY2017 PoW: "Developing Bivalve Farming in Hawaii, Year 7," "Opihi Aquaculture, Year 6: Improving Hatchery Technology and Production," "Improving cost-effectiveness of producing local aquatic feed from papaya fruit wastes via innovative bioprocessing, Year 2," and "Development of a Sustainable Aquaculture and Fishery for the Mangrove Crab Scylla serrata Forskall, Year 5," as well as partially support the following project included the FY2017 PoW: "Improving the commercial aquaculture feasibility for Yellow Tang (Zebrasoma flavescens): Resolving early bottlenecks to improve culture yield, Year 2."
Publications
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