Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20
Outputs
Target Audience:While I continue to interact with professional and scientists in the fields. I have also been able to expand my target audience. Collaborating with GFP, SDSU extension, and other colleagues made me a better communicator and able to apply different strategies and approaches to reach out to diverse audiences, including students, educators, and community partners. Efforts focused on developing a new online course related to the current Hatch project, RECR 402 Outdoor Recreation Resource Management. The online platform has allowed me to reach a more diverse student population with domestic and international students enrolling in the course. Changes/Problems:Due to the COVID-19, some unexpected delays and disruptions have impacted my research and publication completion, such as conference cancellation, publication delay, and prolonged review processes. For example, although I have four research proposals accepted for peer-reviewed presentations, I could only do one oral presentation at a national conference and another three presentations, accepted but not presented due to the conference cancellation. Several manuscripts were delayed in the reviewing process slowed by COVID-19. I determine to follow up with under reviewed manuscripts, seek different venues to disseminate research, and strive for new collaborative opportunities with other scholars. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Year 3 During the reporting period, I have trained an MS-level student (Paige O'Farrell) and two undergraduate students (Kiley Foss; Logan Haak). I taught Paige how to collect and analyze data, disseminate findings, and lead undergraduate students for research projects and other professional meetings. She also was a co-presenter with me at 2020 State park staff training. Additionally, the three undergraduate research assistants trained to conduct literature reviews and prepare presentations and reports and had the opportunity to attend the 2019 South Dakota Parks and Recreation Association (SDPRA). Paige and Logan received a $2,000 excellent students' scholarship at the 2019 SDPRA in Raid City. The Hatch funding allows me to provide learning and research opportunities for students passionate about parks, recreation, and resources management. Paige is currently a recreation coordinator for the City of Sioux City, IA. Both Kiley and Logan are currently pursuing their master's degree in parks and recreation-related areas. Although the in-person multi-state meeting (NE 1964) was canceled, I participated in a two-day meeting and research discussion via Zoom with the group. As a leading author for a chapter, our proposal was accepted for a book titled Transformative Power of Parks, a collective effort of the multi-state group to generate knowledge and embrace the power of nature and outdoor recreation for quality of life and well-being. I plan to stay involved in future meetings and/or projects with the group and seek research collaboration opportunities. To enhance my research potential, I participated in a number of activities during the reporting period: Multi-state annual meeting: NE 1964 Multi-state virtual meeting and research discussion (May 21 & 22, 2020) Conference Attendance. 2020 The Academy of Leisure Sciences: Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN. (February 11, 2020 - February 14, 2020). Conference Attendance. 2019 South Dakota Parks and Recreation Association Annual Conference, Rapid City, SD (September 24, 2019 - September 26, 2019). How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?
Nothing Reported
What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Objective 1: Understanding the personal experience, perceived values, and behavior of using (or not using) public lands and resources (i.e. forests, parks, and recreation areas etc.) for recreation and the connection with personal health and quality of life in rural communities. Data analysis and dissemination for outdoor recreation on public land will be a priority next year. Manuscripts will be developed that address the core concepts of the study. Seek out research opportunity with SDGFP especially the next generation of Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan due by 2022. Objective 2: Investigating the effects of children and youth participating in outdoor recreation programs through both theoretical frameworks and practical implementations. Plan to publish manuscripts on impacts of outdoor recreation and education programs for children and youth and disseminate research findings at national and international conferences or invited speeches. Objective 3: Assessing the impacts of nature-based tourism for rural development and community well-being. I will pursue external funding for nature-based tourism and recreation for rural development and community well-being. I will continue working with a group of SDSU faculty on coping and well-being to contribute my leisure, recreation, and outdoor expertise for better understanding people's experience and perspective amid COVID-19. Plan to publish at least one peer-reviewed manuscript from our collaboration.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Objective 1: Understanding the personal experience, perceived values, and behavior of using (or not using) public lands and resources (i.e. forests, parks, and recreation areas etc.) for recreation and the connection with personal health and quality of life in rural communities. 80% Accomplished. I was invited to be a guest speaker at the 2020 State Park Manager Training, Watertown, SD. My graduate research assistant, Paige O'Farrell, my co-presenter. This presentation's primary purpose is to present research findings from a public input survey to provide insight into public perceptions, experience, and behavior of using state parks for outdoor recreation and quality of life in South Dakota. We had Q & A section at the end of our presentation and discuss practical implications with park staff. Through the presentation and interaction with state park staff, I translated research findings to practical implementations and strategies. I also presented a peer-reviewed oral presentation, titled Residents' value regarding state parks and park use in South Dakota, at the 2020 Academy of Leisure Sciences, Champaign, IL. Objective 2: Investigating the effects of children and youth participating in outdoor recreation programs through both theoretical frameworks and practical implementations. 50% accomplishment. I completed a collaborative research project with South Dakota Game, Fish, and Parks (SDGFP), titled "Connecting to nature: Assessment of outdoor recreation promotion programs in South Dakota." (July 2019-October 2020). The project's impact is to access outdoor recreation programs' impacts on individuals, especially youth and children, through a systematic fashion for future grants, public funding, and implications of using public land to enhance health and well-being through connection with nature in South Dakota. The final technical report was submitted, which would help the agency further understand the public experience and the relationship between outdoor recreation, nature connection, and health benefits. Due to the COVID-19, some unexpected delays and disruptions have impacted my research and publication. I managed to submit two manuscripts: (1) Applying ecological model to explore the influential factors in children's outdoor recreation participation, (2) Gateway to outdoors: Partnership and programming of outdoor education centers in urban areas. Both manuscripts are under review, yet prolonged review processes and publication delay are expected. Moreover, I initiated a book chapter proposal for a book titled Transformative Power of Parks with GFP personal and SDSU Extension staff to emphasize the importance of outdoors in children and youth. The proposal was accepted, and we are working on developing a full draft. Such collaboration positively impacts research, outreach, and practice in promoting outdoors for youth and adults in South Dakota. Objective 3: Assessing the impacts of nature-based tourism for rural development and community well-being. 30% accomplishment. I completed two submissions of competitive federal grants: (1) Recreational Use of Private Agricultural Lands to Reduce Nutrient Loadings for Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) Management for Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), (2) Tourism and Recreation for Sustainable and Resilient Rural Community Development for the National Institute of Food and Agriculture of USDA. The first one was not funded but received some valuable feedback for future improvement. The second one is currently under review and pending. Moreover, a new collaboration with a group of EHS faculty on coping and well-being has emerged resulting from our passion and interests in interdisciplinary collaboration and desire to contribute our unique expertise for better understanding people's experience and perspective amid COVID-19.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Diejomaoh, C.*, Li, X. & Liu, H.-L. (2020). Identifying Destination Image of Rural Areas: The Case of Brookings, South Dakota. International Journal of Business and Management
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
OFarrell, P.**, Liu, H.-L. (2020). Gateway to outdoors: Partnership and programming of outdoor education centers in urban areas. Education Sciences.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
OFarrell, P.**, Liu, H.-L., & Carotta, C. (2020). Applying ecological model to explore the influential factors in childrens outdoor recreation participation. Journal of Recreation, Education, and Leadership.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Liu, H.-L., Meendering, J., McCormack, L., & Dvorak, S. Join the team: Creating healthy rural communities in South Dakota through Community-based wellness coalitions. Interprofessional Collaboration in Parks, Recreation, and Human Services: Theory and Cases.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Liu, H.-L., Miller E. & Prosch N. Prescribing Outside: South Dakota parks and healthcare professionals team-up. Transformative Power of Parks.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Liu, H.-L. & OFarrell, P**. (2020). Residents value regarding state parks and park use in South Dakota. The 2020 Academy of Leisure Sciences, Champaign, IL.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Liu, H.-L. & Xu, L. (2020) Small town tourism market: Destination image, satisfaction and travel profile of a rural college town. CentralCHRIE 2020 (Vitural)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Xu, L. & Liu, H.-L. (2020). The perceived impacts of rural events on residents personal life. CentralCHRIE 2020 (Virtual).
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Liu, H.-L., OFarrell, P.**, & Foss, K.*. Overcoming constraints Visitation constraints and park management strategies. The 2020 National Environment and Recreation Research Symposium, Annapolis, MD.
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Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19
Outputs
Target Audience:I have made some progress in training students and communicating with potential community partners thriving for reaching diverse target audience. While the majority of my work focused on tourism and recreation in South Dakota, future findings can be applied to other populations as well. Audience include the research community, decision-makers, and general public. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?During the reporting period, I have trained an MS-level student (Paige O'Farrell) and three undergraduate students (Kiley Foss, Logan Haak, & Erin Benz). Paige was trained to collect and analyze data, disseminate findings, and lead undergraduate students for research projects and other professional meetings. She also attended and presented at the 2019 National Environment and Recreation Symposium (NERR) and attend 2018 South Dakota Parks and Recreation Association Annual Conference (SDPRA). Additionally, the three undergraduate research assistants trained to conduct literature reviews and prepare presentation and reports and had opportunity to attend 2018 SDRPA Conference as well. To enhance my research potential, I participated in a number of activities during the reporting period: Webinar series: Systems for Action Research Call for Proposal. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) (September 5, 2019) Conference Attendance. 2019 National Environment and Recreation Research Symposium, Annapolis, ME (April 4, 2019 - April 6, 2019). Conference Attendance. 2019 The Academy of Leisure Sciences: Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN. (February 26, 2019 - February 28, 2019). Conference Attendance. 2018 South Dakota Parks and Recreation Association Annual Conference, Brookings, SD (October 16, 2019 - October 18, 2019) Workship. 2018 Undergraduate Research Mentoring. South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?
Nothing Reported
What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Objective 1: Understanding the personal experience, perceived values, and behavior of using (or not using) public lands and resources (i.e. forests, parks, and recreation areas etc.) for recreation and the connection with personal health and quality of life in rural communities. Data analysis and dissemination for outdoor recreation on public land will be a priority next year. Manuscripts will be developed that address the core concepts of the study. Objective 2: Investigating the effects of children and youth participating in outdoor recreation programs through both theoretical frameworks and practical implementations. Next year, I have plans to publish a of manuscript on impacts outdoor recreation and education program for children and youth as well as disseminate research finding at national and international conference or invited speech. Objective 3: Assessing the impacts of nature-based tourism for rural development and community well-being. 5% accomplishment. Next year, I plan to develop a proposal for a federal funding related to nature-based tourism and recreation for rural development and community well-being.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Objective 1: Understanding the personal experience, perceived values, and behavior of using (or not using) public lands and resources (i.e. forests, parks, and recreation areas etc.) for recreation and the connection with personal health and quality of life in rural communities. 60% Accomplished. Completed a collaborative research project with South Dakota Game, Fish, and Parks (SDGFP), titled "Public Survey reading South Dakota State Parks." (July 2018-May 2019). The impact of the project is to emphasize the benefits of being outdoors and visiting state parks for enhancing quality of life but also to assist managers in developing more competitive marketing strategies to attract and recruit new park users. The final technical report was submitted which would be applied to assist the agency to further understand the public experience and behavior of using (or not using) state parks for outdoor recreation and health benefits in South Dakota. Objective 2: Investigating the effects of children and youth participating in outdoor recreation programs through both theoretical frameworks and practical implementations. 25% accomplishment. Done data collection. Interviewed South Dakota Game, Fish, and Parks (e.g. Outdoor Campus) education programmers and outreach specialists to further understand the importance of outdoor recreation programs in urban communities and partnership and programming efforts for community needs. Applied ecological model to explain and further understand various social structures affect an individual's behavior especially in the context of outdoor recreation. Preparing peer-reviewed publication with a graduate assistant. The impacts of the progress are to make connection with professionals and programmers in promoting outdoor recreation and investigate their current trends and challenges in partnership and program as well as the impacts of their service to the community for potential solutions and opportunities. Objective 3: Assessing the impacts of nature-based tourism for rural development and community well-being. 5% accomplishment. Preparing a research project proposal for NIFA grants (e.g. Rural Development or Environment and Natural Resources Economics program etc.). Seeking for potential collaborators for future collaboration, including extension offices, interdisciplinary researchers, community partners, federal/state agencies etc.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Liu, H.-L. & OFarrell, P.** (April 2019). Residents perspectives of public parks and recreation services. The 2019 National Environment and Recreation Research Symposium, Annapolis, MD.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
OFarrell, P.**, & Liu, H.-L. (April 2019). Outdoor education partnership in urban communities: A case study in South Dakota. The 2019 National Environment and Recreation Research Symposium, Annapolis, MD.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Liu, H.-L. & Benz, E.* (February 2019). We serve the public: South Dakota Statewide Outdoor Recreation Providers. The 2019 Academy of Leisure Sciences, Greenville, SC.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Xu, L. & Liu, H.-L. (October 18, 2018). The impacts of community tourism development through special event. 2018 South Dakota Parks and Recreation Association Conference. Brookings, SD.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
OFarrel P. (October 18, 2018). Outdoor Education and Interpretive Programming. 2018 South Dakota Parks and Recreation Association Conference. Brookings, SD.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Liu, H.-L., Mehlhaf, J.** & Gray. J. (2019). Public perceptions of parks and recreation services. Journal of Recreation, Parks, and Tourism in Public Health, 3, 17-26.
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Progress 08/14/18 to 09/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience:Due to the short period time on the project (2 month up to date), I have made some progress in training students and communicating with potential community partners thriving for reaching diverse target audience. While the majority of my work focused on tourism and recreation in South Dakota, future finding can be applied to other populations as well. Audience include the research community, decision-makers, and general public. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?One graduate student and two undergraduate students were trained in this reporting period. Paige O'Farrell/Graduate Research Assistant. August 2018-present. Attained and presented at the South Dakota Parks and Recreation Association Annual Conference (SDPRA). Published a peer-reviewed journal article, titled Outdoor recreation motivations and constraints of South Dakota residents. Kiley Foss/Undergraduate research student. August 2018-present. Attained and volunteered at the South Dakota Parks and Recreation Association Annual Conference (SDPRA). One of the two $2,000 scholarship award receipts this year. Logan Haak/Undergraduate research student. August 2018-present. Attained and volunteered at the South Dakota Parks and Recreation Association Annual Conference (SDPRA). How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The research team presented two presentations, which are associate with Objective 2 (outdoor education) and Objective 3 (tourism and community development). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Related to Objective 1: Preliminary survey results will be presented at a reginal or national conference (e.g. National Environment and Recreation Research Symposium; Mid-west Parks and Recreation Conference). Related to Objective 2: Preliminary interview results will be presented at a reginal or national conference (e.g. National Environment and Recreation Research Symposium; Mid-west Parks and Recreation Conference). Preparation of a peer-reviewed journal article in outdoor recreation and education. Related to Objective 3: Preliminary interview results will be presented at a reginal or national conference (South Dakota Park and Recreation Association). Objective 1: (a) Distribute the questionnaire to the target population (both regular outdoor recreation participants and non-participants) to understand the personal experience, perceived values, and behavior of using (or not using) public lands and resources (i.e. forests, parks, and recreation areas etc.) in South Dakota; (b) Reviewing related literature in connecting the impact of outdoor recreation and personal health and quality of life. Objective 2: (a) Conduct interviews with outdoor recreation programmers from various agencies and organizations; (b) Explore opportunities to collaborate with community members for further investigating the connection between outdoor recreation programs and physical and mental health outcomes to children, youth, and family. Objective 3: (a) Develop an appropriate instrument to understand the relationship between nature-based tourism, rural development, and the effects on community well-being for local residents and communities; (b) Seek potential opportunities working with communities and extension office for collaboration.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Due to the short period time on the project (2 month up to date), I have not accomplished major goals and objectives. However, I have made some progress on developing a survey instrument, exploring potential interviewees, and reviewing literature and related studies. Objective 1: Understanding the personal experience, perceived values, and behavior of using (or not using) public lands and resources (i.e. forests, parks, and recreation areas etc.) for recreation and the connection with personal health and quality of life in rural communities. 5% Accomplished. Developing a survey for explore the relationship between individuals' attitudes and behaviors when participating (or not) in outdoor recreation and their overall personal health, life quality, and well-being. The survey is approved by SDSU IRB. Reviewing studies in the related topics, such as connectedness to nature, healthy park, healthy people, and well-being. 5% accomplishment. Objective 2: Investigating the effects of children and youth participating in outdoor recreation programs through both theoretical frameworks and practical implementations. 5% accomplishment. Reviewing the benefits and outcomes of outdoor recreation program from various organizations. Communicating with South Dakota Game, Fish, and Parks (e.g. Outdoor Campus) education programmers and outreach specialists for possible interview and future collaboration. Objective 3: Assessing the impacts of nature-based tourism for rural development and community well-being. 3% accomplishment. Making connection with other extension officers specializing in rural tourism development.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
OFarrel P. (October 18, 2018). Outdoor Education and Interpretive Programming. 2018 South Dakota Parks and Recreation Association Conference. Brookings, SD.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Xu & Liu (October 18, 2018). The impacts of community tourism development through special event. 2018 South Dakota Parks and Recreation Association Conference. Brookings, SD.
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