Source: HASKELL INDIAN NATIONS UNIVERSITY submitted to NRP
FOOD AND WATER SYSTEMS RESILIENCY ON THE KICKAPOO TRIBE IN KANSAS RESERVATION
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1016795
Grant No.
2018-38424-28527
Cumulative Award Amt.
$95,000.00
Proposal No.
2018-04198
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Sep 1, 2018
Project End Date
Aug 31, 2022
Grant Year
2018
Program Code
[ZY]- Tribal Colleges Research Grants Program
Recipient Organization
HASKELL INDIAN NATIONS UNIVERSITY
155 INDIAN AVE.
LAWRENCE,KS 66046
Performing Department
(N/A)
Non Technical Summary
This project continues and expands on the work of a NIFA-funded project designed to enhance existing gardening initiatives on one local Native American reservation, and provide agriculture science education to Native American students at Haskell Indian Nations University and within the tribal community.The primary research objective of this project is to establish the benefits and costs of irrigation for small scale vegetable production on the Kickapoo reservation in northeast Kansas. The tribe operates their own water utility from a fragile surface water source, and during past droughts has instituted a broad ban on outdoor water use. This project will determine the benefit: cost ratio of various levels of supplemental irrigation, which may influence tribal policy to prioritize irrigation for food crops over such uses as lawn watering and car washing.The proposed irrigation levels will be designated as High, where watering three times a week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday) when rainfall has not exceeded ¼ inch since the previous irrigation. The Medium irrigation level will water just once per week, when total rainfall the previous week does not exceed ¼ inch. The Control treatment will not receive any supplemental water after the initial 2-week establishment period.A secondary objective will be to include the Kickapoo community garden and Haskell Indian Nations University in the Kansas State University Master Gardener vegetable trials. This multi-locational trial has been conducted for over 10 years. Through experiential learning during this project, Haskell students and Kickapoo high school students will be employed to care for the gardens and to collect research data on the vegetable cultivar's performance. The students will learn basic research procedures, yield data collection techniques and basic analysis.This project will also link with an existing Kickapoo community health initiative to promote the value of gardening as a healthful activity and source of nutritious, safe and delicious food. A new high tunnel will be built as part of the Kickapoo community health initiative, and advice and assistance will be provided by the project directors of this initiative. Haskell's experiences operating their own small greenhouse, along with those more complex and extensive at K-State will be very instructional.
Animal Health Component
100%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
100%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
11102103020100%
Knowledge Area
111 - Conservation and Efficient Use of Water;

Subject Of Investigation
0210 - Water resources;

Field Of Science
3020 - Education;
Goals / Objectives
The primary short-term research objective of this project is to establish the benefits and costs of several irrigation levels for small-scale vegetable production on the Kickapoo reservation in northeast Kansas. Quantities of water used in the High, Medium and Control irrigation levels will be documented, along with crop yields, so that benefit: cost ratios can be calculated.A secondary objective will be to add 2 sites to the KSU Master Gardener Vegetable Trials, including the Kickapoo community garden and the Haskell Indian Nations University research garden. Research capacity will be enhanced at Haskell, particularly as it relates to field agricultural research, as this is not an area of expertise with current faculty. Haskell students and Kickapoo high school students will be employed to care for the gardens and to collect research data on the vegetable cultivars' performance. With this project focusing on experiential learning, the students will become engaged with agricultural field production techniques, basic research procedures, yield data collection techniques and preliminary data analysis.
Project Methods
Gardening/irrigation project activitiesThe primary research objective of this project is to establish the benefits and costs of irrigation for small-scale vegetable production on the Kickapoo reservation in northeast Kansas. The tribe operates their own water utility from a fragile surface water source, and during past droughts has instituted a broad ban on outdoor water use. This project will determine the benefit: cost ratio of various levels of supplemental irrigation, which may influence tribal policy to prioritize irrigation for food crops over such uses as lawn watering and car washing.Garden plots will be assigned irrigation levels designated as High, Medium, and Control. High irrigation will be watering three times a week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday) when rainfall does not exceed ¼ inch since the previous irrigation. The Medium irrigation level will be watering just once per week, when total rainfall the previous week does not exceed ¼ inch. The Control treatment will not receive any supplemental water after the initial 2-week establishment period.Produce will be evaluated for quantity and quality over the course of the growing season at each of the irrigation levels. There will be three evaluations, one near the beginning, one during the middle, and one near the end of the growing season.Data will be analyzed using an appropriate statistical software package.Social science activitiesThrough literature search and personal interviews, tie this use of fresh garden produce to Kickapoo community health initiatives to address things like diabetes. Using this project's results, come up with ideas to persuade tribal members to become more engaged on growing much of their own vegetables, particularly theyounger generations.Through a literature search, compile and summarize the water conservation activities of other tribes.Report the results of a literature search on Tribal food and/or water sovereignty.Identify water-using land uses on the KTiK reservation.Evaluate and report on KTiK food sovereignty/water issues in relation to other resource issues.Project data will be analyzed and interpreted in the following ways:(a) Given the fragile water situation, which vegetable varieties will produce the greatest output, balanced by ease of maintenance and disease resistance; (b) Will experimental learning opportunities in agricultural science afforded to Haskell students and Kickapoo youth by this project, result in students continuing in agriculture science in graduate school or post-baccalaureate employment; (c) Can gardener success be increased through careful choice of vegetable varieties and can that success lead to commitment to continue gardening into the future; and (d) Will the stabilization of the gardening program on the Kickapoo achieve greater food sovereignty as one method of reclaiming heritage, health and holistic welfare.

Progress 09/01/18 to 08/31/22

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audiences were Haskell students and faculty, Kansas State University students and faculty and residents of the Kickapoo Tribe in Kansas reservation and the residents of the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation reservation in northeast Kansas. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results will be reported to the Kickapoo tribal council and the staff who run the community garden, once the analysis is complete. The project will also be reported as part of the graduate students Masters thesis, and through her participation in scientific poster sessions hosted by Haskell Indian Nations University and at the annual FALCON (First Americans Land-grant Consortium) conference. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Data for irrigation levels for vegetable production on the Kickapoo reservation was collected and analyzed. Three undergraduates and one Kansas State University student (who is a Haskell alumna) participate materially in the project, learning: instrumentation, analysis, and project management skills. The graduate student, who was supported by this funding, is using this project for her Masters thesis. The research garden at Haskell and the Kickapoo community garden both participated in the Master Gardener Vegetable trials, providing opportunities for Tribal members and students to learn more about basic research techniques, and skills related to agricultural production methods.

Publications

  • Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: The Masters student is currently writing her thesis, using the data from this study.


Progress 09/01/20 to 08/31/21

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audiences were Haskell students and faculty, Kansas State University students and faculty and residents of the Kickapoo Tribe in Kansas reservation and the residents of the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation reservation in northeast Kansas. Changes/Problems:The graduate student working on the data analysis left his program without completing the data analysis from the two seasons of research. We have asked for a no-cost extension to complete our work. The work will be carried out by a Haskell alumna who is joining the Kansas State University graduate program that partnered on this project. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Once the data has been analyzed the Kickapoo Tribe in Kansas will receive a report. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We have requested a second no-cost extension and we intend to support a Kansas State graduate student, who is a Haskell alumna, to analyze the data and write a report for the Kickapoo and NIFA.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? The 2020-2021 academic year was a no-cost extension year. The pandemic made it difficult to finish our research in the spring of 2020. Similar hurdles were faced in 2020-2021. Three Haskell undergraduates and one Kansas State University graduate student participated in this research.

Publications


    Progress 09/01/19 to 08/31/20

    Outputs
    Target Audience:The target audiences were Haskell students and faculty, Kansas State University students and faculty and residents of the Kickapoo Tribe in Kansas reservation and the residents of the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation reservation in northeast Kansas. Changes/Problems:The pandemic made student participation difficult, and only four undergraduates and one graduate student were able to participate. Gardening workshops for two tribal communities were offered virtually instead of in person, which may have curtailed participation. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results of the irrigation study will be disseminated through the publication of a Master's thesis and a manuscript in a suitable scientific journal. Produce from the Haskell research garden was distributed to members of the Haskell community, along with information about the project. Aggregated results of the KSU Master Gardener Vegetable Trials will be presentedat the Great Plains Growers Conference and available on their website athttps://www.greatplainsgrowersconference.org/. Aggregated results from the trials have also informed the selection of vegetable varieties listed in KSU Extension publication "Recommended Vegetable Varieties", available athttps://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/L41.pdf What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Data from the irrigation study will continue to be analyzed and a Master's thesis and a manuscript will be written reporting the results. Spring gardening workshops will be conducted againfor local tribal communties. The Haskell research garden will participate in the KSU Master Gardener Vegetable Trials in the next growing season.

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? The goals of the project were carried out, with more limited staffing and student participation than was originally planned because of the pandemic. Data is currently being analyzed for the irrigation project and will result in a Master's thesis for one graduate student. Gardening workshops were hosted virtually for two tribal communities in northeast Kansas. Haskell undergraduates helped plant, care for, and collect data on KSU Master Gardener Vegetable Trials varietals planted in the Haskell campus research garden. Kickapoo and Prairie Band Potawatomi community gardens also received the Vegetable Trial varietals. Two Kansas State University and two Haskell undergraduates participated in project activities.

    Publications

    • Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Other Year Published: 2021 Citation: Data for master's thesis is being analyzed. Projected publication is late Spring, 2021.


    Progress 09/01/18 to 08/31/19

    Outputs
    Target Audience:The target audiences for this reporting period were Haskell students and faculty, Kansas State University students and faculty, and residents of the Kickapoo Tribe in Kansas reservation. Changes/Problems:Rain and persist flooding in northeastern Kansas throughout the spring prevented the implementation of the irrigation project and the addition of the Kickapoo garden and the Haskell garden in the Kansas Master Gardener varietials this spring. A fall vegetable garden was planted at Haskell for the first time ever, since the spring garden wasn't planted. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will perform the steps outlined in the proposal to achieve the objectives of this project in the 2020 growing season, weather permitting.

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? Due to historic rainfalls and flooding during the spring planting season, neither of the two primary objectives was accomplished.

    Publications