Source: MICHIGAN STATE UNIV submitted to NRP
IMPACT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS ON VACCINE RESPONSIVENESS IN NEONATAL DAIRY CALVES
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
AFRI COMPETITIVE GRANT
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1015452
Grant No.
2018-67015-28302
Cumulative Award Amt.
$500,000.00
Proposal No.
2017-07132
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Jul 15, 2018
Project End Date
Jul 14, 2024
Grant Year
2018
Program Code
[A1221]- Animal Health and Production and Animal Products: Animal Health and Disease
Recipient Organization
MICHIGAN STATE UNIV
(N/A)
EAST LANSING,MI 48824
Performing Department
College of Veterinary Medicine
Non Technical Summary
Each year, between 7 and 11% of female calves born on US dairy farms die in the first 60 days of life. Infectious diseases such as pneumonia or diarrhea account for 80% of these deaths. Replacing lactating cows represent 20% of total dairy production costs. Hence, health disorders of young stock significantly impact the sustainability of the dairy industry and its capacity to meet food demands for the growing world population. In young calves, disease prevention through vaccination is not effective because the immune response to vaccines in these animals doesn't provide effective protection at the highest risk period of neonatal disease. Hence, new strategies are needed to allow for effective vaccination protocols earlier in the life of calves. This project will explore how supplementation with anti-oxidative micronutrients can optimize the immune response to vaccines in young dairy calves. A better understanding of how immunity can be enhanced through nutritional interventions may lead to improved disease prevention strategies, a reduction of the antimicrobial usage, and optimized production efficiency in the US dairy industry.
Animal Health Component
30%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
70%
Applied
30%
Developmental
0%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
3113410109070%
3113410101030%
Knowledge Area
311 - Animal Diseases;

Subject Of Investigation
3410 - Dairy cattle, live animal;

Field Of Science
1090 - Immunology; 1010 - Nutrition and metabolism;
Goals / Objectives
The responsiveness to vaccination in young calves is compromised when they also experience oxidative stress (the result of the imbalance between free-radical production and antioxidant defenses). Oxidative stress diminishes functional capabilities of immune cell populations and increases disease susceptibility in periparturient adult cattle. Nevertheless, the impact of this condition on the immune response of neonatal calves to vaccination is unknown. Hence, the overall goal of this project is to identify how reducing oxidative stress in calves can improve their response to vaccination. Therefore, the central hypothesis of this proposal is that oxidative stress in neonatal calves diminishes lymphocyte (a type of immune cells essential for vaccine responsiveness) functions necessary for vaccine responsiveness. This hypothesis will be tested with the following aims: (1) Establish how oxidative stress alters key lymphocyte functions relevant for vaccine effectiveness in neonatal calves. (2) Determine the effect of decreasing oxidative stress in dairy calves via anti-oxidant supplementation on vaccination responsiveness.
Project Methods
This project is innovative because it will investigate nutritional-based strategies to optimize the immune system and enhance vaccine responsiveness during the critical developmental stage of dairy calves. In order to investigate how exposure to pro-oxidant agents affects key functions for vaccine responsiveness, lymphocytes isolated from neonatal calves will be exposed to different free radical-generating substances, and several immune functions key for vaccine responsiveness will be measured. Lymphocytes isolated from healthy mid-lactation dairy cows will be assayed alongside calf lymphocytes as a control group to compare the response to oxidative stress between adult and neonatal lymphocytes. The lymphocyte function tests to be used include the production of antigen-specific antibodies, production of cytokines, cell viability tests, lipid peroxidation, and clonal expansion capacity. Subsequently, we will also assess in vitro whether supplementation with anti-oxidative micronutrients can restore the lymphocyte functions affected by oxidative stress. The following step will be to investigate if abrogating oxidative stress through antioxidant supplementation improves vaccine responsiveness in dairy calves. Thus, we will first quantify the impact of oxidative stress on the humoral and cellular immune response to vaccination of young calves. The response to vaccination will be measured over the course of 28 days after initial and booster vaccination by measuring antigen-specific and neutralizing antibody quantification, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells will be isolated and stimulated to study T and B cell activation through flow cytometry immunostaining. Lastly, we will study whether the response to vaccination in animals suffering a high degree of oxidative stress can be improved by antioxidant supplementation by comparing, in calves with a high degree of oxidative stress, the response to vaccination between non-supplemented and antioxidant-supplemented calves. All analyses will be compared statistically with a repeated measures general linear model and post-hoc pairwise comparisons.

Progress 07/15/18 to 07/14/24

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audiences of the project are dairy scientists, herd health advisors, and dairy producers. Our dissemination efforts have concentrated on scientific publications and presentations at national and international forums targeted at veterinarians, dairy consultants, and dairy producers. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?One PhD and 3 MS students have completed their programs working on research activities associated with this project. Also, a rotating PhD student also participated in this research and presented results at a national conference. Furthermore, this project provided an opportunity for 4 undergraduate students (Animal Science majors) to be trained in different laboratory techniques and field research activities. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Through presentations at scientific and professional development meetings, as well as publications in the peer-reviewed literature. We also organize a biannual "Michigan Dairy Health Symposium" for practicing veterinarians and dairy producers that has focused on calf health management. The outcomes of this research were presented at this event and widely discussed with stakeholders. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? We have determined which functions of neonatal calves lymphocytes are affected by oxidative stress in vitro. Subsequently, our in-vivo experiments have determined a positive effect of commercial antioxidant supplements on improving the immune response to vaccination in neonatal calves during the first months of life. Our research also shown that the extent to which this improved immune response translated into reduced adverse health events was dependent on the disease risk of each farm, with positive effects not being detected in farms with management practices and low preweaning morbidity and mortality.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Carlson, H. and A. Abuelo. 2024. Graduate Student Literature Review: Role of antioxidants in calf immunity, growth, and health. J. Dairy Sci. 107(7):4844-4854. http://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2023-23988
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Carlson, H., F. M. Cullens-Nobis, E. J. Owczarzak, and A. Abuelo. 2024. Effect of parenteral micronutrient supplementation at birth on immunity, growth, and health in preweaning dairy heifers. J. Dairy Sci. 107(7):4926-4941. http://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2023-24292
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Abuelo, A., S. Mann, and G. A. Contreras. 2023. Metabolic Factors at the Crossroads of Periparturient Immunity and Inflammation. Vet. Clin. North. Am. Food Anim. Pract. 39(2):203-218. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2023.02.012
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Mann, S., J. Gandy, G. Curone, and A. Abuelo. 2023. The effect of heat treatment on colostral and newborn calf redox status and oxylipid biomarkers. J. Dairy Sci. 106(5):3537-3547. http://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2022-22679
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2024 Citation: Abuelo A. ADSA Foundation Scholar Award: Shakin' off the rust  Oxidative stress as a cause of immune dysfunction in periparturient cows and neonatal calves. J. Dairy Sci.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Abuelo A. Oxidative Stress as an Underlying Factor in Immune Dysfunction in Periparturient and Neonatal Cattle. 2024 Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association. West Palm Beach, FL, June 2024.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Abuelo A. Immune Dysregulation in Transition Cows and Newborn Calves: The Role of Oxidative Stress. 2024 Forum of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Minneapolis, MN, June 2024.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Abuelo A. Calf Immunity II: Strategies to Optimize the Immune Responses of Calves. 2024 Symposium of the American Board of Veterinary Practitioners. New Orleans, LA. April 2024.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Abuelo A. Impact of Oxidative Stress on Inflammation and Immunity in Dairy Cattle. New York State Conference. Ithaca, NY. October 2023.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Carlson H, Cullens-Nobis FM, Owczarzak E and Abuelo A. Effect of parenteral micronutrient supplementation at birth on immunity, growth, and health in pre-weaning dairy heifers. 32nd World Buiatrics Congress. Cancun, Mexico. May 2024.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Owczarzak E, Grothenrath N, Bradford B, and Abuelo A. Can we reliably quantify blood vitamin E cattle-side? A method comparison study. The 104th Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases (CRWAD). Chicago, IL. January 2024.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2024 Citation: Owczarzak, E. J., N. Grotenrath, H. Carlson, L. Mamedova, B. J. Bradford, and A. Abuelo. 2024. Evaluation of a portable fluorometer for the quantification of vitamin E in blood at key physiological stages of dairy cattle. JDS Communications 5(4):344-349. http://doi.org/10.3168/jdsc.2023-0520


Progress 07/15/22 to 07/14/23

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audiences of the project are dairy scientists, herd health advisors, and dairy producers. Our dissemination efforts have concentrated on scientific publications and presentations at national and international forums targeted at veterinarians, dairy consultants, and dairy producers. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?One PhD and one MS students enrolled in the Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology graduate program at Michigan State University are working on research activities associated with this project. In addition, a PhD rotating student complete her rotation conducting experiments associated with this project that were presented at a national conference. Also, two undergraduate students (majors in Animal Science) have been trained in different laboratory techniques and contributed to field work in support of this project. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Through presentations at scientific and professional development meetings, as well as publications in the peer-reviewed literature. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Complete the animal studies and publish all the results in peer-reviewed journals.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? We have finalized the in vitro experiments and are close to completing the animal supplementation experiments. We expect that results from both will be published by the next reporting cycle.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Hernandez, J., R. Muino, J. L. Benedito, A. Abuelo, and C. Castillo. 2022. Redox status and oxidative stress in the bovine. Large Animal Review 28(3):145-151.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Mann, S., J. Gandy, G. Curone, and A. Abuelo. The effect of heat treatment on colostral and newborn calf redox status and oxylipid biomarkers. Journal of Dairy Science. 2023. 106(5):3537-3547. http://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2022-22679
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Abuelo, A, S. Mann, and G.A. Contreras. Metabolic Factors at the crossroads of Periparturient Immunity and Inflammation. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice. 2023. 39(2):203-218. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2023.02.012
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Abuelo A. Impact of Oxidative Stress on Inflammation and Immunity. 31st World Buiatrics Conference. Madrid, Spain. September 2022.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Abuelo A. Bovine Immune System and the Implications for Disease Resistance. 31st World Buiatrics Conference. Madrid, Spain. September 2022.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Abuelo A. Oxidative Stress in Calves  Implications for Herd Health Management. TotalDairyUK Conference. Stratford-upon-Avon, United Kingdom. November 2022.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Kesler K and Abuelo A. Exploring the role of zinc in improving neonatal dairy calf vaccine responsiveness. The 103rd Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases (CRWAD). Chicago, IL. January 2023.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Carlson H, Cullens FM, and Abuelo A. Micronutrient supplementation effects on redox balance and intranasal vaccine response in dairy calves preweaning. The 103rd Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases (CRWAD). Chicago, IL. January 2023.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: McDonald PO and Abuelo A. Development of a co-culture model to evaluate hepatocyte-natural killer cell interaction in neonatal calves. The 103rd Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases (CRWAD). Chicago, IL. January 2023.


Progress 07/15/21 to 07/14/22

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audiences of the project are dairy scientists, herd health advisors, and dairy producers. Our dissemination efforts have concentrated on scientific publications and presentations at national and international forums targeted at veterinarians, dairy consultants, and dairy producers. Changes/Problems:We continue to experience some delays associated with the supply chain disruptions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?A PhD student enrolled in the Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology graduate program at Michigan State University is working on research activities associated with this project. In addition, a dual degree DVM/PhD student complete her summer rotation conducting experiments associated with this project. Also, two undergraduate students (majors in Animal Science) have been trained in different laboratory techniques and contributed to field work in support of this project. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Through presentations at scientific and professional development meetings, as well as publications in the peer-reviewed literature. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Complete the research activities associated with Aim 2

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? We continued to undertake the in vitro experiments evaluating the effectiveness of different antioxidant micronutrients to improve lymphocyte responses of newborn calves. Also, we completed and published the first of our in vivo studies, where we reported that antioxidant supplementation improved intranasal vaccination responses of calves.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nayak, A. and A. Abuelo. 2021. Parenteral Antioxidant Supplementation at Birth Improves the Response to Intranasal Vaccination in Newborn Dairy Calves. Antioxidants (Basel) 10(12):1979. http://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10121979
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Abuelo A. Science and strategies to improve immunity in newborn calves. Texas Tech University Nutrition and Immunity Virtual Symposium. Chile (Virtual). November 2021.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Abuelo A. The first hours of life, the most important ones for calves. SERAGRO Virtual Symposium in Dairy Production. Spain (Virtual). November 2021.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Abuelo A. Impact of early life events on the health and productivity of dairy heifers. Quebec Veterinary Conference. Canada (Virtual). October 2021.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Cuervo W, Sordillo LM, and Abuelo A. Oxidative Stress Compromises Lymphocyte Function in Neonatal Dairy Calves. The 102nd Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases (CRWAD). Chicago, IL. December 2021.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nayak, A. and A. Abuelo. 2021. Parenteral Antioxidant Supplementation at Birth Improves the Response to Intranasal Vaccination in Newborn Dairy Calves. Michigan Dairy Health Symposium (Lansing, MI). March 2022.


Progress 07/15/20 to 07/14/21

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audiences of the project are dairy scientists, herd health advisors, and dairy producers. Our dissemination efforts have concentrated on scientific publications and presentations at national and international forums targeted at veterinarians, dairy consultants, and dairy producers. Changes/Problems:The COVID-19 pandemic has slowed down both our laboratory and field work efforts due to institutional restrictions and limited availability of critical supplies. This has delayed our efforts but we have increased the staff dedicated to completing this project to limit the impact of this delay on the final timeline of the project. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?A MS student enrolled in the Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology graduate program at Michigan State University completed his program in this project in 2021. A new PhD student has also started to work on a program associated with this project. In addition, two undergraduate students (majors in Animal Science and Pre-Vet) and a DVM student have been trained in different laboratory techniques and contributed to field work in support of this project. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Through presentations at scientific and professional development meetings, as well as publications in the peer-reviewed literature. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We plan to finalize the experiments in Specific Aim 2

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? During this reporting period we have been able to evaluate in vitro the ability of some antioxidant supplements to rescue the lymphocyte functions that are negatively impacted by oxidative stress in calves. Subsequently, we have started to evaluate these supplements in vivo. However, due to delays related to the COVID-19 pandemic, these studies are still underway.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Cuervo, W., L. M. Sordillo, and A. Abuelo. 2021. Oxidative Stress Compromises Lymphocyte Function in Neonatal Dairy Calves. Antioxidants (Basel) 10(2):255. http://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10020255
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Abuelo A. Impact of oxidative stress on calf immunity. American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine Annual Conference. Virtual. June 2021.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Abuelo A. Oxidative stress and vitamin nutrition in transition dairy cattle. International Symposium on Vitamins and Technologies. Latin America (Virtual). March 2021.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Cuervo W, Sordillo LM, and Abuelo A. Impact of oxidative stress on vaccine responsiveness in neonatal dairy calves. The 101st Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases (CRWAD). Virtual. December 2020.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Abuelo, A., F. Cullens, A. Hanes, and J. L. Brester. 2021. Impact of 2 versus 1 colostrum meals on failure of transfer of passive immunity, pre-weaning morbidity and mortality, and performance of dairy calves in a large dairy herd. Animals 11(3):782. http://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030782


Progress 07/15/19 to 07/14/20

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audiences of the project are dairy scientists, herd health advisors, and dairy producers. Our dissemination efforts have concentrated on scientific publications and presentations at national and international forums targeted at veterinarians, dairy consultants, and dairy producers. Changes/Problems:Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the in-vitro laboratory work has stopped for almost 4 months due to University restrictions. We are now re-openning the laboratory and continuing with the planned experiments. Although we have developed a plan to catch up on these experiments, we anticipate that this will slightly delay our progress in the in vitro work. To limit the impact of this delay on the final timeline of the project, we will start conducting the in vivo studies simultaneously with the in vitro work, when possible. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?A PhD student (Mr. Wilmer Cuervo) enrolled in the Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology graduate program at Michigan State University, is conducting his research program in this project. In addition, two undergraduate students (majors in Animal Science and Zoology) have been trained in different laboratory techniques and contributed to field work in support of this project. Also, a visiting faculty from Makerere University (Uganda) learned cell culture and molecular biology techniques during his stay in the laboratory. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Through presentations at scientific and professional development meetings, as well as publications in the peer-reviewed literature. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will finish the in vitro work in support of Specific Aim 1 and start the in vivo trials for Specific Aim 2.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Our results from experiments in support of Specific Aim 1 show that lymphpocytes exposed to oxidative stress conditions in vitro exhibit altered key immune functions relevant to vaccine responsiveness. We have also started to evaluate the effect of different antioxidant supplements on rescuing these functions in vitro. However, we have not been able to finalize these experiments yet due to the closure of the campus due to the COVID pandemic.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Abuelo, A. 2020. Symposium review: Late-gestation maternal factors affecting the health and development of dairy calves. J. Dairy Sci. 103(4):3882-3893. http://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-17278
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Cuervo W, Sordillo LM, Abuelo A. Impact of oxidative stress on vaccine responsiveness in neonatal dairy calves. 100th Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases. Chicago, IL. November 2nd, 2019.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Abuelo, A. Addressing Oxidative Stress in the Cow and Her Calf. 2019 Cornell Nutrition Conference. Syracuse NY. October 22nd, 2019.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Abuelo, A., J. L. Brester, K. Starken, and L. M. Neuder. 2020. Technical note: Comparative evaluation of 3 methods for the quantification of nonesterified fatty acids in bovine plasma sampled prepartum. J. Dairy Sci. 103(3):2711-2717. http://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-17527
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Accepted Year Published: 2020 Citation: Abuelo, A. Immune modulation in Pre-weaned Dairy Calves. Northeast Dairy Production Medicine Symposium. Syracuse, NY. March 14, 2020.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Abuelo, A.; Swartz, T. 2020. Webinar: Updates on Immunity of Cows and Calves: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iFdjR61L8I4&list=PLDuySMV6ASr1iXZnd_H-ta_Dj9x-OpqLW&index=2


Progress 07/15/18 to 07/14/19

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audiences of the project are dairy scientists, herd health advisors, and dairy producers. During the first year of execution of this project preliminary results have been presented at national and international conferences that targeted these audiences. We anticipate continuing to disseminate our results through this forums and in scientific and outreach publications in the next reporting period. Changes/Problems:We experienced a slight delay in the execution of this project because the PD was assigned a new laboratory space that needed to be adapted and equipped before lab work could continue. However, this space is fully functional now and we are working so that this delay has no or minimal impact on the timeline of execution of the project. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?A PhD student (Mr. Wilmer Cuervo), enrolled in the Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology (CMIB) program at Michigan State University, is conducting his research program in this project. In addition, two Animal Science undergraduate students have been trained in different laboratory techniques and contributed to field work in support of this project. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?This has been the first year of execution of this project. Hence, the results obtained so far are limited. Our dissemination efforts have concentrated on scientific publications and invited presentations at national and international forums targeted at veterinarians and dairy producers. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?During the next year, we plan to test in vitro the extent to which antioxidant therapy with different micronutrients can ameliorate oxidative stress in lymphocytes and subsequently improve the functions relevant to vaccination response that are negatively affected by oxidative stress. We will also start the in vivo trials to document the impact of the oxidative stress experienced by dairy calves on their capacity to respond to early life vaccination.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Year 1 of this project has focused on the in vitro experiments needed to support the first aim. We have developed and validated an oxidative stress in vitro model for calf lymphocytes in which we tested functions relevant for vaccine effectiveness (production of antigen-specific antibodies, production of cytokines, clonal expansion capacity, etc.). Our results showed that the oxidative stress experienced by lymphocytes in vitro influenced key immune functions relevant to vaccine responsiveness

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Abuelo, A., J. Hernandez, J. L. Benedito, and C. Castillo. 2019. Redox Biology in Transition Periods of Dairy Cattle: Role in the Health of Periparturient and Neonatal Animals. Antioxidants (Basel) 8(1):20. http://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8010020
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Abuelo, A. 2019. An Update on Dairy Calf Immunology. Oral presentation. 2019 Michigan Veterinary Conference. East Lansing MI, January 2019.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2019 Citation: Abuelo, A. 2019. Strategies to Enhance Dairy Neonatal Calf Immunity. Keynote presentation. Encuentro Nacional Agropecuario ENGALEC 2019. Torreon (Mexico), March 2019.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Abuelo, A. 2019. Strategies to Improve Active and Passive Immunity in Dairy Calves. Keynote presentation. 14th ANEMBE International Bovine Medicine Congress. Seville (Spain), May 2019.