Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20
Outputs
Target Audience:Our target audience incudes dairy producers, veterinarians, extension educators, dairy consultants, and consumers. Changes/Problems:The advent of the Covid-19 pandemic has interupted or slowed progress for some projects through the spring, summer and fall of 2020. However, research activities are continuing and will hopefully return to a more normal pace by mid-2021. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Several PhD students, professional DVM students and undergraduate students have been involved in project activities, contributing to their further training. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results from several studies concluded in 2019 and 2020 have been disseminated to communities of interest through peer reviewed journal articles, conference proceedings papers and abstracts, oral and poster presentations, podcasts, and news articles published in the lay press. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?For ongoing projects, research activites will continue in 2021 with a view to disseminating the results at conferences and in the peer reviewed literature.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
S.M. Rowe, S.M. Godden, D.V. Nydam, P.J. Gorden, A. Lago, A.K. Vasquez, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, M.J. Thomas. Randomized controlled non-inferiority trial investigating the effect of two selective dry cow therapy protocols on antibiotic use and udder health: quarter-level outcomes. The objective of this study was to compare culture- and algorithm-guided SDCT programs to blanket dry cow therapy (BDCT) in a multi-site, randomized, natural exposure, non-inferiority trial on quarter-level infection dynamics during the dry period and on cow health and performance during the first 120 DIM. Results showed that the two SDCT approaches (culture- and algorithm-guided) each reduced antibiotic use at dry-off by 55%, without causing any negative impacts on intramammary infection dynamics during the dry period. An economic analysis showed an estimated positive economic return, on average, with either SDCT program. We conclude that SDCT can be used in appropriate U.S. dairy herds to reduce antibiotic use while maintaining udder health. IMPACTS: Three manuscripts have been published in 2020, with a fourth in press. A podcast was produced to educate dairy producers about adopting SDCT. Also an app has been created to allow producers to estimate the economic savings they may appreciate if adopting SDCT on their farm. We, and our collaborators from othe states, are working with our respective Dairy Herd Improvement Associations to roll out SDCT program information to farms enrolled in regular DHIA testing programs.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Rowe, S. , S. Godden, D. Nydam, P. Gorden, A. Lago, A. Vasquez, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, M. Thomas. 2020. Randomized controlled non-inferiority trial investigating the effect of two selective dry cow therapy protocols on antibiotic use at dry-off and dry period intramammary infection dynamics. J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 103:6473-6492
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Rowe, S. , S. Godden, D. Nydam, P. Gorden, A. Lago, A. Vasquez, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, M. Thomas. 2020. Randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of two selective dry cow therapy protocols on udder health and performance in the subsequent lactation. J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 103:6493-6503
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Rowe, S. , S. Godden, D. Nydam, A. Lago, A. Vasquez, E. Royster, J. Timmerman. 2020. Randomized Equivalence Study Comparing the Efficacy of Two Commercial Internal Teat Sealants in Dairy Cows. J. Dairy Sci. 103:5398-5413
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Rowe, S. , S. Godden, D. Nydam, P. Gorden, A. Lago, A. Vasquez, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, M. Thomas. 2020. Evaluation of rapid culture, a predictive algorithm, esterase somatic cell count and lactate dehydrogenase to detect intramammary infection in quarters of dairy cows at dry-off. Prev. Vet. Med. 179:1-11
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Rowe, S., S. Godden, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, B. Crooker and M. Boyle. 2019. Cross-sectional study of the relationship between bedding materials, bedding bacteria counts and intramammary infection in late lactation dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 102:1138411400
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Rowe, S., S. Godden, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, B. Crooker and M. Boyle. 2019. Cross-sectional study of the relationship between cloth udder towel management, towel bacteria counts and intramammary infection in late lactation dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 102:1140111413
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Dean, C.J., Slizovskiy, I.B., Crone, K.K., Pfennig, A.X., Heins, B.J., Caixeta, L.S., and Noyes, N.R. 2020. Investigating the skin and teat canal microbiomes of the bovine udder using differing sampling and sequencing approaches. J Dairy Sci. 2020 Oct 29;S0022-0302(20)30860-2. doi: 10.3168/jds.2020-18277
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Lippolis, J. D., E. J. Putz, T. A. Reinhardt, E. Casas, W. J. Weber, B. A. Crooker. 2020. The effect of 50 years of breeding on the ability of Holsteins to fight mastitis. International Milk Genomics Consortium. 17th International Symposium (Virtual). October 13-16. Hosted by UC Davis.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Godden, S., F. Pe�a Mosca, E. Royster, B. Crooker, J. Hadrich, P. Raynor, R. Singer, and K. Janni. Investigation of the Relationship between Method of Processing Recycled Manure Solids Bedding and Udder Health and Production on Midwest Dairy Farms. Proc. Annu. Mtg. Am Assoc. Bovine Pract. Sept. 24-26, 2020. (virtual).
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Godden, S., F. Pe�a Mosca, E. Royster, B. Crooker, J. Hadrich, P. Raynor, R. Singer, and K. Janni. Investigation of the Relationship between Method of Processing and Bacteria Counts in Ready-to-Use Recycled Manure Solids Bedding on Midwest Dairy Farms Proc. Annu. Mtg. Am Assoc. Bovine Pract. Sept. 24-26, 2020. (virtual).
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Godden, S., E. Royster, J. Timmerman and N. OSell. Efficacy of a Stabilized Liquid Potassium Sorbate Preservative to Reduce Bacterial Proliferation in Colostrum or Tank Milk Stored by Refrigeration or at Room Temperature. Proc. Annu. Mtg. Am Assoc. Bovine Pract. Sept. 24-26, 2020. (virtual).
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Rowe, S.M.*, Godden, S.M., Nydam, D.V., Lago, A., Thomas, M., Royster, E., Vasquez, A., Timmerman. J., Thomas. M.. 2020. Randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of two selective dry cow therapy protocols on antibiotic use and udder health, Proc. 59th Annual meeting of the National Mastitis Council. Jan 28-30, 2020. Orlando, FL
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Rowe, S.M.*, Godden, S.M., Nydam, D.V., Lago, A., Royster, E., Vasquez, A., 2020. Randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of two commercial internal teat sealants in dairy cows. Proc. 59th Annual meeting of the National Mastitis Council. Jan. 28-30, 2020. Orlando, FL
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Rowe, S.*, S. Godden, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, D.V. Nydam, A.K. Vasquez, P. Gorden, A. Lago, and M. Thomas. Selective Dry Cow Therapy on US Dairy Farms: Impact on Udder Health and Productivity. 2019 Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases. Nov. 2-5, 2019. Chicago, IL.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Rowe, S.*, S. Godden, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, D.V. Nydam, A.K. Vasquez, A. Lago. 2019. Randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of two commercial internal teat sealants in dairy cows. 2019 Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases. Nov. 2-5, 2019. Chicago, IL
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Dean, C., Fernandes, L., Sharpe, K., Junior, A., Ray, T., Baumann, C., Wehri, T., Heins, B., Pinedo, P., Machado, V., Caixeta, L.S., Noyes, N. Community research and education program to use the microbiome for the advancement of organic livestock production . Proceedings of the 100th Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animals Diseases, Chicago, IL, 2019.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Baumann, C., Dean, C., Fernandes, L., Sharpe, K., Antunes Junior, A. M., Ray, T., Wehri, T., Heins, B., Pinedo, P., Formiga, A., Machado, V., Caixeta, L.S., Noyes, N. Incidence rates of mastitis in heifers on organic dairy farms. Proceedings of the 100th Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animals Diseases, Abstract 041. Poster presentation. Chicago, IL, 2019.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Fernandes, L., Guimaraes, I., Noyes, N.R., Caixeta, L.S., Machado, V.S. Impact of subclinical mastitis during the first month of lactation on milk yield, fertility, and culling of dairy cows on USDA-certified organic herds . ADSA Conference. Virtual Conference, 2020.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Bedding management and udder health Getting better results from recycled manure solids and sand bedding. Godden, S., F. Pena Mosca, E. Royster, J. Timmeran, B. Crooker. 2020. Proc. Annu. Mtg. MN Dairy Health Conference. Aug. 6, 2020. (virtual).
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Rowe, S.M*., Nydam, D.V., Godden, S.M., Gorden, P., Lago, A., Royster, E., Vasquez, A., Thomas, M. 2020. Partial budget analysis of selective dry cow therapy strategies. American Dairy Science Assoc. Annual Meeting, USA. June 22-24, 2020 (virtual)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Using Rapid Culture Systems to Guide Selective Treatment of Clinical Mastitis and at Dry-off. S. Godden, E. Royster and J. Timmerman. 3 hrs Short Course #1 at 59th Annu Meeting of the National Mastitis Council. Jan 28-30, 2020. Orlando, FL.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Rowe, S.M.*, Godden, S.M., Nydam, D.V., Lago, A., Royster, E., Vasquez, A. 2020. Randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of two commercial internal teat sealants in dairy cows. Poster presentation. National Mastitis Council Annual Meeting. Jan. 28-30, 2020. Orlando, FL, USA
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Rowe, S.M.*, S.M. Godden, E. Royster, J. Timmerman and M. Boyle. Cross-sectional study of the relationship between cloth udder towel management, towel bacteria counts and intramammary infection in late lactation dairy cows. Poster Presentation. 2019 Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases. Nov. 2-5, 2019. Chicago, IL.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Rowe, S.M.*, S.M. Godden, E. Royster, J. Timmerman and M. Boyle. Cross-sectional study of bedding bacteria counts and intramammary infection in late lactation dairy cows. Poster presentation. 2019 Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases. Nov. 2-5, 2019. Chicago, IL.
|
Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19
Outputs
Target Audience:Dairy veterinarians, dairy producers, dairy extension agents and educators, consultants, researchers Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results are being disseminated to communities of interest through presentations at scientific and continuing education meetings as well as through conference proceedings and peer reviewed journal articles. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?OBJECTIVE 1: Characterize host mechanisms and pathogenic virulence factors associated with mastitis susceptibility and resistance to improve economic outcomes and animal welfare. B. A. Crooker, S. M. Godden, J. D. Lippolis and J. B. Cole. Reducing mastitis in the dairy cow by increasing the prevalence of beneficial polymorphisms in genes associated with mastitis resistance. We have repeated the intramammary E. coli challenge with another 5 UH and 7 CH cows and will evaluate milk somatic cells from both studies to determine differences in expression of genes associated with immune response. We anticipate this will identify differential expression of genes that play important beneficial and detrimental roles in the magnitude and effectiveness of the immune response to mastitis. Data analysis will be completed and reported in 2020. Subsequent sequencing and identification of polymorphic differences in the genes and / or their regulatory components (transcription factors, etc.) between the Holstein genotypes will occur in 2020. OBJECTIVE 2: Assess and apply new technologies that advance mastitis control, milk quality and/or dairy food safety. N. Noyes, L. Caixeta, B. Heins, V. Machado, P. Pinedo, A. Formiga, D. Van Nydam, J. Velez, H. Karremann. Catalyzing an open-community research and education program to leverage the microbiome for the advancement of organic livestock production, using mastitis as a test case. The long-term goal of this proposal is to ignite robust, systematic and application-driven microbiome research activity within the livestock community, thus producing a panoply of new, evidence-based tools to combat livestock disease and production challenges. Project objectives described above. Field to collect samples, plus laboratory anlaysis will continue into 2020. Godden, S., P. Raynor, R. Singer, E. Royster, J. Hadrich, K. Janni, B. Crooker, J. Bender, B. Alexander. Investigation of the Relationship between Method of Processing Recycled Manure Solids Bedding, Udder Health, Milk Quality, Air Quality, Antimicrobial Resistance and Economics on Midwest Dairy Farms. Project objectives described above. We plan to resample all herds again in winter 2020 specifically for the udder health and milk quality objectives. Results will be forthcoming in 2020. S.M. Rowe,* S.M. Godden, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, B.A. Crooker, M. Boyle. Cross-sectional study of the relationship among bedding materials, bedding bacteria counts and intramammary infection in late lactation dairy cows. Project details described above. Prepare and submit a second manuscript in 2020. Nusrat Annie Jahan*, S. Godden, T. Schoenfus, C. Gebhart, E. Royster, S. Wells, J. Timmerman, and R. Fink. Evaluation of the Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system in the detection of Mastitis pathogens from Bovine milk samples. Project details described above. Submit manuscript in 2020. OBJECTIVE 3: Identify and apply new strategies associated with the control of mastitis that can reduce the use of antibiotics in dairy herds. S.M. Rowe,1 S.M. Godden, D.V. Nydam, P.J. Gorden, A. Lago, A.K. Vasquez, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, M.J. Thomas. Randomized controlled non-inferiority trial investigating the effect of two selective dry cow therapy protocols on antibiotic use and udder health: quarter-level outcomes. Project details described above. Submit third manuscript in 2020.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
B. A. Crooker, W. J. Weber, J. D. Lippolis and J. B. Cole. Impact of Holstein genotype on innate immune response to lipopolysaccharide and Escherichia coli. The University of Minnesota has a unique herd of Holsteins that has not been subjected to selection since 1964 - our unselected Holsteins (UH). Our experimental model of UH vs. contemporary Holsteins (CH) provides opportunities to determine effects of 50+ years of selection. We administered an intermammary E. coli challenge (250 cfu of E. coli strain P4) to primiparous UH (n=5) and CH (n = 7) cows. Increases in body temperature, milk somatic cell count and milk bovine serum albumin, IL-1b and IL-6 concentrations were greater in CH than in UH cows. The prolonged increase in bacterial counts and more severe mastitis in the CH cows indicate selection has reduced the ability of the innate immune system to clear E. coli from the mammary gland and has increased susceptibility to infection by this pathogen. K. Patel*, S. Godden, E. Royster, B. Crooker, T. Johnson, E. Smith, S. Sreevatsan. Prevalence, antibiotic resistance, virulence and genetic diversity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bulk tank milk samples of U.S. dairy herds. Of 365 pooled BTM samples collected from 189 herds across the United States, S. aureus was cultured from 170 samples, indicating a sample prevalence of 46.6% in the BTM . Among 124aureus isolates that were genome sequenced, the most commonly identified antimicrobial resistance-associated gene was norA (99.2%) and the mecA gene responsible for methicillin resistance (MRSA) was identified in one isolate (0.8%). Our findings indicated a high prevalence of S. aureus in BTM, with little evidence of antibiotic resistance but often carrying genes for the various enterotoxins. N. Noyes, L. Caixeta, B. Heins, V. Machado, P. Pinedo, A. Formiga, D. Van Nydam, J. Velez, H. Karremann. Catalyzing an open-community research and education program to leverage the microbiome for the advancement of organic livestock production, using mastitis as a test case. Specific Aims: 1) investigation of epidemiologic associations between the udder microbiome, host/farm risk factors, and development of pathogen-specific mastitis, specifically on representative organic dairy farms 2)demonstration ofin vitroproof-of-concept for a novel microbiome-based mastitis intervention, using data generated in Activity #1 3)development of comprehensive, targeted, and multimodal educational tools for improving stakeholders' information literacy regarding the microbiome and microbiome-based research 4)to initiate and sustain "open-ROAMER" (open-communityresource fororganicanimalmicrobiomeeducation andresearch) -- a user-friendly, comprehensive online repository for organic-specific microbiome data, pipelines and tutorials. Field work in progress. S.M. Rowe,* S.M. Godden, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, B.A. Crooker, M. Boyle. Cross-sectional study of the relationship among bedding materials, bedding bacteria counts and intramammary infection in late lactation dairy cows. Eighty herds using one of four common bedding materials (manure solids; MS, organic non-manure; ON, new sand; NS and recycled sand: RS) were recruited in a multi-site cross-sectional study. Each herd was visited twice for sampling, with aseptic quarter-milk samples were collected from 20 cows approaching dry-off and samples of unused and used bedding. Findings from this study suggest that quarter-level IMI prevalence in late lactation cows is low in U.S. dairy herds.Higher levels of bacteria in bedding may increase IMI prevalence at dry-off in general, but this relationship is likely to vary according to bedding material type. S.M. Rowe,* S.M. Godden, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, M. Boyle. Cross-sectional study of the relationship between cloth udder towel management, towel bacteria counts and intramammary infection in late lactation dairy cows.Our study findings suggest that cloth udder towelsmay act as a fomite for NAS and SSLO. We recommend that herds aim to keep counts of Staphylococcus spp. and SSLO in cloth udder towels below 5 CFU / in2,, and that laundered towels be completely dried in a hot air dryer. Godden, S., P. Raynor, R. Singer, E. Royster, J. Hadrich, K. Janni, B. Crooker, J. Bender, B. Alexander. Investigation of the Relationship between Method of Processing Recycled Manure Solids Bedding, Udder Health, Milk Quality, Air Quality, Antimicrobial Resistance and Economics on Midwest Dairy Farms. Objectives of this study are to investigate if method of processing recycled manure solids (RMS) is associated with i) air quality measures and ii) the amount of antimicrobial resistance genes in the bedding material. A convenience sample of 30 MN and WI dairy systems using RMS as bedding were recruited in summer 2019.All herds were visited once in August 2019. We plan to resample all herds again in winter 2020 specifically for the udder health and milk quality objectives. Results will be forthcoming in 2020. Nusrat Annie Jahan*, S. Godden, T. Schoenfus, C. Gebhart, E. Royster, S. Wells, J. Timmerman, and R. Fink. Evaluation of the Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system in the detection of Mastitis pathogens from Bovine milk samples. Our results show that MALDI-TOF MS is a fast and reliable technique which has the potential to replace conventional identification methods for most dairy pathogens, routinely isolated from the milk and dairy products. Manuscript in preparation. S.M. Rowe,* S.M. Godden, D.V. Nydam, A. Lago, A.K. Vasquez, E. Royster, J. Timmerman. Randomized Equivalence Study Evaluating the Efficacy of Two Commercial Internal Teat Sealants in Dairy Cows. The objective of this study was to evaluate a new ITS product (Lockout®, Boehringer-Ingelheim Animal Health), by comparing it directly to Orbeseal® in a multi-site, multi-herd, randomized, positively-controlled equivalence trial for health indicators during the dry period and during the first 100 days of lactation. Results showed that measures of quarter-level IMI dynamics were similar between ITS groups. Furthermore, there was no effect of treatment on risk for clinical mastitis and culling or death, or on SCC and milk yield during the first 100 DIM. One manuscript submitted in November, 2019 (in review). S.M. Rowe,1 S.M. Godden, D.V. Nydam, P.J. Gorden, A. Lago, A.K. Vasquez, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, M.J. Thomas. Randomized controlled non-inferiority trial investigating the effect of two selective dry cow therapy protocols on antibiotic use and udder health: quarter-level outcomes. Results showed that the two SDCT approaches (culture- and algorithm-guided) each reduced antibiotic use at dry-off by 55%, without causing any negative impacts on intramammary infection dynamics during the dry period. We conclude that SDCT can be used in appropriate U.S. dairy herds to reduce antibiotic use while maintaining udder health. Two manuscripts submitted (in review). Caixeta, L.S., Morley, P.S., Belk, K., Garry, F.B., Scheu, S., Parker, J, Noyes, N., Mijares, S., Hanes, A. Effect of selective dry cow therapy on the milk microbiome of dairy cattle with low somatic cell count. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of SDCT on udder health and milk microbiome in separated milk cell pellets and cream in post-partum dairy cattle. Project ongoing.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Patel, K., S.M. Godden, E. Royster, B.A. Crooker, J. Timmerman and L. Fox. 2019. Relationships between Bedding Materials, Bedding Bacteria Counts, Udder Hygiene, Milk Quality and Udder Health on United States Dairy Herds. J. Dairy Sci. 102:1021310234
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Murphy, S., D. Kent, N. Martin, R. Evanowski, K. Patel, S. Godden and M. Wiedmann. 2019. Bedding and bedding management practices are associated with mesophilic and thermophilic spore levels in bulk tank raw milk. J. Dairy Sci. 102: 102:68856900
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Jenkins,S., E. Okello, P.V. Rossito, T.W. Lehenbauer, J.Champagne, M.C.T. Penedo, A.G. Arruda, S. Godden, P. Rapnicki, P.J. Gorden, L.L. Timms, and S.S. Aly. 2019. Molecular epidemiology of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species isolated at different lactation stages from dairy cattle in the United States. PeerJ 7:e6749 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6749
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Afifi, M., F. Kabera, H. Stryhn, J. Roy, L. Heider, S. Godden, W. Montelpare, J. Sanchez and S. Dufour. 2018. Antimicrobial-based dry cow therapy approaches for cure and prevention of intramammary infections: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Animal Health Research Reviews. 19:74-48. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252318000051
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Rowe, S., S. Godden, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, B. Crooker and M. Boyle. 2019. Cross-sectional study of the relationship between bedding materials, bedding bacteria counts and intramammary infection in late lactation dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 102:1138411400
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Rowe, S., S. Godden, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, B. Crooker and M. Boyle. 2019. Cross-sectional study of the relationship between cloth udder towel management, towel bacteria counts and intramammary infection in late lactation dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 102:1140111413
|
Progress 01/19/18 to 09/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience:Dairy veterinarians, dairy producers, dairy extension agents and educators, consultants, researchers Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results are being disseminated to communities of interest through presentations at scientific and continuing education meetings as well as through conference proceedings and peer reviewed journal articles. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?K. Patel, S. Godden, S. Sreevatsan, E. Royster, L. Fox Molecular Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus on U.S. Dairy Farms. Data analysis will be completed in fall 2018 with reporting in 2019. S. Rowe, S. Godden, E. Royster, D. Nydam, A. Lago. Lockout study. Randomized equivalence study evaluating the efficacy of two commercial internal teat sealants in dairy cows. Collection of post-calving samples and follow-up of lactation health and performance for the first 100 DIM will continue into late fall, 2018. Data analysis and reporting will be completed in 2019. S. Rowe, S. Godden, E. Royster, D. Nydam, P. Gorden, A. Lago, R. Bicalho. Selective Dry Cow Therapy on US Dairy Farms: Impact on Udder Health, Antimicrobial Use and Economics. Collection of post-calving samples and follow-up of lactation health and performance for the first 120 DIM will continue into late fall, 2018. Data analysis and reporting will be completed in 2019. S. Godden, E. Royster, B. Crooker and S. Rowe. Investigation of the relationship between bedding characteristics and intramammary infection in late lactation dairy cows. Data analysis is ongoing with final results and reports expected in early 2019. Patel, K., S. Godden, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, B. Crooker, and L. Fox. Investigation of the relationship between bacteria counts, bedding characteristics and bedding management practices with udder health and milk quality on dairy farms. Data analysis is ongoing with results expected to be reported in late 2018 and early 2019. Godden, S., T. Schoenfus, R. Fink, J. Timmerman, C. Gebhart, E. Royster, S. Wells. Field validation of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-ToF) for the identification of dairy microorganisms critical for safety and quality. A manuscript is in the final stages of preparation to be submitted in fall 2018.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
S. Godden, E. Royster, B. Crooker and S. Rowe. Investigation of the relationship between bedding characteristics and intramammary infection in late lactation dairy cows. The major objective of this study is to describe the relationship between bedding characteristics, bedding management and bedding bacteria counts (BBC) in different bedding materials. A secondary objective is to describe the relationship between bedding characteristics and herd-level measures of udder health for late lactation quarters and cows for specific pathogen groups of interest (e.g. Gram-negative organisms; Gram-positive organisms). Eighty herds were enrolled from 10 dairy states using one of four bedding types; new sand, reclaimed sand, manure solids or other organic materials. In summer, 2017 and winter 2018, sampling of each herd included collection of duplicate aseptic quarter milk samples from late lactation cows (> 180 DCC) as well as new and used bedding samples. Milk and bedding samples are being analyzed by bacterial culture. Additionally bedding samples will undergo testing to measure pH, organic matter and dry matter. Data analysis is ongoing with final results and reports expected in early 2019. Patel, K., S. Godden, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, B. Crooker, and L. Fox. Investigation of the relationship between bacteria counts, bedding characteristics and bedding management practices with udder health and milk quality on dairy farms. The primary objective of this study is to conduct a multi-state, multi-herd cross-sectional observational study to describe the relationship between bedding bacteria counts and udder health and to identify goals (cutpoints) for interpreting BBC test results. A secondary objective is to identify bedding characteristics and bedding management strategies that are associated with lower BBC and improved udder health. One hundred-eighty eight herds were enrolled from 17 dairy states with the assistance of herd veterinarians or mastitis researchers. Herds used either new sand, reclaimed sand, manure solids or other organic bedding materials. New and used bedding samples, collected from the bedding storage area or from the back of stalls, respectively, and bulk tank milk samples were collected twice from each herd during summer and winter of 2016. Bedding samples were cultured and analyzed to measure pH, organic matter and dry matter. Herd level DHIA test day data describing udder health measures were recorded. Data analysis is ongoing with results expected to be reported in late 2018 and early 2019. Godden, S., T. Schoenfus, R. Fink, J. Timmerman, C. Gebhart, E. Royster, S. Wells. Field validation of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-ToF) for the identification of dairy microorganisms critical for safety and quality. The first objective is to develop and evaluate extraction methods to improve the MALDI-ToF method's ability to detect Mycoplasma bovis as well as individual species of Bacillus and Paenibacillus of importance to udder health, food safety and food quality. The second objective is to complete a field validation study using 2,500 bacterial isolates Report Date 02/17/2016 Page 1 of 3 Accession No. 233101 Project No. MIN-62-021 Multistate No. NE1048 derived from bovine mastitis samples and processed dairy foods. From this we will describe the diagnostic test characteristics of MALDI-ToF, as compared to 16S rDNA sequencing (gold standard) to identify 24 important dairy microorganisms critical to animal health, food safety and food quality. If the MALDI-ToF method proves to be accurate, then its adoption will strengthen the capacity, quality, and possibly the scope of diagnostic services performed by the VDL to support the MN dairy industry. Lab work and data analysis has been completed. A manuscript is in the final stages of preparation to be submitted in fall 2018. S. Rowe, S. Godden, E. Royster, D. Nydam, A. Lago. Lockout study. Randomized equivalence study evaluating the efficacy of two commercial internal teat sealants in dairy cows. The objective of this study is to complete an equivalence study comparing the efficacy of LOCKOUT™ (Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc.) versus Orbeseal® (Zoetis) when administered in conjunction with a long acting antibiotic (Ab) at dry off in lactating dairy cows. Dry-off and enrollment of approximately 840 cows (Lockout = 420; Orbeseal = 420) from 5 commercial dairy herds in NY, WI, MN and CA was completed during summer 2018. Collection of post-calving samples and follow-up of lactation health and performance for the first 100 DIM will continue into late fall, 2018. Data analysis and reporting will be completed in 2019. S. Rowe, S. Godden, E. Royster, D. Nydam, P. Gorden, A. Lago, R. Bicalho. Selective Dry Cow Therapy on US Dairy Farms: Impact on Udder Health, Antimicrobial Use and Economics. The major objective is to complete a multi-location noninferiority randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of applying 2 different SDCT programs, a culture-guided program and an algorithm-guided program (vs BDCT) on measures of quarter health, cow health and performance, antibiotic use and economics. Dry-off and enrollment of approximately 1,200 cows (400 per treatmentgroup) from 7 commercial dairy herds in NY, MN, IA and CA was completed during summer 2018. Collection of post-calving samples and follow-up of lactation health and performance for the first 120 DIM will continue into late fall, 2018. Data analysis and reporting will be completed in 2019. Caixeta, L.S., Morley, P.S., Belk, K., Garry, F.B., Scheu, S., Parker, J, Noyes, N., Mijares, S., Hanes, A. Effect of selective dry cow therapy on the milk microbiome of dairy cattle with low somatic cell count. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of SDCT on udder health and milk microbiome in separated milk cell pellets and cream in post-partum dairy cattle. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was performed and bioinformatics analysis of the sequence data is ongoing in order to identify differences between pellet and cream microbiomes for pre- and post-partum samples.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
S. Godden, K. Patel, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, B. Crooker and L. Fox. 2018. Relationships between bedding bacteria counts, bedding characteristics and udder health: We have a lot more to learn. 2018 International Bovine Mastitis Conference. Milano, Italy. June 11-13, 2018.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
S. Godden, K. Patel, E. Royster, J. Timmerman, B. Crooker and L. Fox. 2018. Relationships between bedding bacteria counts, bedding characteristics and udder health. National Mastitis Council Regional Meeting. Guelph Ont. Canada. June 20-22, 2018. Pp. 18-27.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Scheu S., Huebner, K., Parker, J., Mijares, S., Hanes, A., Garry, F., Belk, K., Morley, P., Caixeta, L.S. Effect of selective dry cow therapy on udder health and milk microbiome in dairy cattle with low somatic cell count. 51st Annual Conference of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners, 2018.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
K. Patel, S. Godden, E. Royster, J. Timmermen, B. Crooker and L. Fox. 2018. Investigation of the relationship between bacteria counts, bedding characteristics and bedding management practices with udder health on dairy farms using manure solids bedding: preliminary results. 51st American Association of Bovine Practitioners Annual conference, Phoenix, AZ, USA. September 12-15, 2018.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Afifi, M., F. Kabera, H. Stryhn, J. Roy, L. Heider, S. Godden, W. Montelpare, J. Sanchez and S. Dufour. 2018. Antimicrobial-based dry cow therapy approaches for cure and prevention of intramammary infections: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Animal Health Research Reviews. 19:74-48. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252318000051
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Rowe, S. Investigation of the relationship between bedding bacteria count and intramammary infection in late lactation dairy cows. American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Phoenix, AZ, September 2018
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Rowe, S. Investigation of the relationships between towel laundering practices, towel bacteria count and intramammary infection in late lactation dairy cows. American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Phoenix, AZ, September 2018
- Type:
Other
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Rowe, S. Selective dry cow therapy on U.S. dairy farms: impact on udder health, antimicrobial use and economics. Minnesota Dairy Health Conference, Saint Paul, MN, April,18-19, 2018.
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