Source: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY submitted to
OUTDOOR RECREATION, PARKS AND OTHER GREEN ENVIRONMENTS: UNDERSTANDING HUMAN AND COMMUNITY BENEFITS AND MECHANISMS
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1014321
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
NE-1962
Project Start Date
Oct 17, 2017
Project End Date
Nov 2, 2018
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY
3 RUTGERS PLZA
NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08901-8559
Performing Department
Human Ecology
Non Technical Summary
Environmental literacy among suburban Americans is said to be low. In response, personnel at public parks and greenspaces have worked to offer place-based programming that not only includes natural history but also environmental behavior and attitude change. Doing so, however, requires a thoughtful approach that targets not only normative but non-normative conceptions about the environment.This project will not only collect data that will help professionals effectively gear future programming but also will develop a program geared toward educators outside of the park setting. This project will help to establish a foundation of evidence-based practices that promote environmental literacy.
Animal Health Component
30%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
50%
Applied
30%
Developmental
20%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
90360991070100%
Goals / Objectives
2. Demonstrate and expand the evidence for the role of park and outdoor recreation services in promoting environmental literacy among youth, and document the long-term influences of early lifespan connections with nature. 3. Demonstrate and expand the evidence for the role of park and outdoor recreation services in promoting community vibrancy and resilience.
Project Methods
In the first phase, a thorough review of the literature on assessing environmental literacy of multiple populations will be conducted. This review will be used to develop an instrument and protocol for use with practicing educators. This development will focus on a) assessing the competencies component of environmental literacy and b) determining degree of environmental literacy, using Stables (1998) three-tier framework. We will also develop a Qualtrics tool to recruit educators to take an online environmental literacy assessment for the validation process. This tool will be used to assess environmental literacy of educators working with youth, students, and the public. The assessment, to be consistent with the social-ecological perspective, will contain scales for environmental knowledge (Roper, NEETF 200), environmental identity self-efficacy and novel scales for competencies and behavior.Hollweg, et al (2011) describe dispositions as encompassing environmental sensitivity, pro-environmental attitudes and worldview, and environmental concern as well as a sense of personal responsibility and intention to act and a sense of self-efficacy. This covers a lot of ground, yet in constructing an assessment tool, brevity is important to encourage high response rates. Therefore, it is key to use scales that address multiple aspects of the dispositions construct. Here I have taken an identity approach to dispositions. In contrast to attitudes, which are attached to specific items, ideas, or experiences, an identity is consistent within a person, yet applied in multiple contexts in nuanced ways (Stets & Biga, 2003).Teacher training programs will focus on the potential of greenspaces for influencing the multiple components of environmental literacy: attitudes and identities that lead to great attachment and empathy for the environment, great environmental knowledge, and motivation for pro-environmental behavior. In addition, place-based learning in these greenspaces offers opportunity for authentic learning experiences that develop the competencies of identifying environmental issues, identifying potential solutions and then selecting the best solution in context. Lastly, such experiences offer opportunities to develop and practice pro-environmental behavior.Data from the development and implementation of the instrument and educator trainings will then be used to create a report of best practices for using greenspaces to increase the environmental literacy of students and the public.

Progress 10/17/17 to 11/02/18

Outputs
Target Audience:Educators working with youth, students, and the public who are situated in science centers, parks, nature centers, and with conservation organizations. Changes/Problems:PI has changed institutions so project has ended early. Discussions are ongoing with chair regarding having another PI continue the line of research What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Research staff began a literature review on effective professional development that will inform the recommendations for improving the EL of nonformal educators. Graduate Student Roberta Hunter has been able to take some of the data from the last five years of funding to create an instrument that can be used by communities to target areas of need. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Through publications and presentations What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Goal 1: Expand impact and document connections: The potential impact of this environmental literacy research is better preparation (before entering the field) and professional development (while in the field) of nonformal educators who work in outdoor and park settings. Such development will enable them to engage with students, youth, and the public in ways that can build their capacity for making decisions about existing and new environmental issues. During the last reporting period, research staff recruited 38 nonformal educators to complete the online Environmental Literacy Assessment. Of those, interviews were conducted with 10 educators (with another 13 scheduled for late October and November 2018). Interviews have been transcribed and will be analyzed for patterns in the behavior, dispositions, and issue identification practice components of environmental literacy. Goal 2: Expand impact and document connections: The data described above will be compared with the results of a similar study of others, to help identify the EL strengths and weaknesses unique to nonformal educators. Such a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis will be used to identify the avenues of professional development with the greatest potential impact. The data described above will be compared with the results of a similar studies of educators, to help identify the EL strengths and weaknesses unique to nonformal educators. Such a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis will be used to identify the avenues of professional development with the greatest potential impact.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Jordan R. C, Sorensen A. E. Increasing park and potential greenspace user-ship through tailored framing efforts. Curr World Environ. 2018;13(2). DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.13.2.02
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Clark D. G, Jordan R. C. Public Use of Outdoor Spaces as A Function of Landscape and Demographic Factors. Curr World Environ 2018;13(2). DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.13.2.06
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2018 Citation: Hunter, R., and Jordan, R. (2018). Developing an Assessment for Teacher Environmental Literacy. Poster, North American Association for Environmental Education Annual Research Symposium