Source: NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV submitted to NRP
THE ROLE OF FOREST RESOURCES TO SUPPORT IMPROVED SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS IN RURAL COMMUNITIES
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
MCINTIRE-STENNIS
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1013755
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2017
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2022
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV
(N/A)
RALEIGH,NC 27695
Performing Department
Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management
Non Technical Summary
Management of forest resources generally seeks to conserve the natural environment, optimize timber production, and allow appropriate outdoor recreation use. In recent times, however, management of forest resources has increased in complexity to include such considerations as the possibility of integrating ecosystem services, production of bio-fuels, cradle-to-grave audits in green building and bio-remediation. These changes have emerged out of a necessity to ensure continued competitiveness by embracing the onset of a green-economy in the US and globally.Another important trend defining the current forest resource management context has been the economic difficulties experienced by government agencies, private corporations and most communities. Many rural economies have become severely distressed due to mass job losses; and public agencies with reduced budgets struggle to serve a growing number of individuals that find themselves in poverty. At the same time, agencies managing forest resources struggle to fulfill their conservation and community development mission due to slimmer budgets and lower timber sales. This resource scarcity context creates impetus for innovation in resource management. We propose to explore ways in which resource-scarce rural communities might become involved in appropriate non-consumptive utilitarian uses of forest resources to supplement or sustain local livelihoods and engender endogenous economic development. We want to examine whether such opportunities can be created and how such uses of natural and rural resources: a) allow individuals to create dignifying sustainable livelihoods through microentrepreneurship, b) are supported through community leaders' planning, policy-making, and partnership building efforts, and c) facilitate the sustainable development of agritourism.This project is well-aligned with emerging knowledge areas proposed in the 2007 McIntire-Stennis strategic plan because this work will help understand how individuals relate to forest resources in ways that support their, and their communities' livelihoods and social structures. Further, this project explores new applications for forest resources as a way to make forests more instrumental in efforts to revitalize rural economies and improve community well-being.
Animal Health Component
50%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
30%
Applied
50%
Developmental
20%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
6080599310033%
6080599308033%
6080599307034%
Knowledge Area
608 - Community Resource Planning and Development;

Subject Of Investigation
0599 - Recreational resources, general/other;

Field Of Science
3070 - Psychology; 3080 - Sociology; 3100 - Management;
Goals / Objectives
The purpose of this study is to examine ways in which rural communities leverage forest resources to improve their livelihoods and foster equitable and sustainable local development. The study will address the following objectives: Objective 1. Identify how members of rural communities pursue livelihood strategies that leverage forest resources through forms of microentrepreneurship;Objective 2. Identify the strategies utilized by community leaders to create plans, policies, and partnerships which facilitate the sustainable development of natural and rural resources;Objective 3. Identify landowners' barriers and opportunities to diversify their operations through educational and recreational services (agritourism) as to enhance their entrepreneurial readiness.
Project Methods
Objective 1. Identify how members of rural communities pursue livelihood strategies that leverage forest resources through forms of microentrepreneurship;This objective will be pursued through a participatory action research methodology in which networks of natural resource-based tourism microentrepreneurs will be recruited, mentored and accompanied longitudinally. A mixed methods approach will be adopted for data collection and analysis, including the use of in-depth structured interviews, field notes from the researchers' work mentoring select microentrepreneurs, as well as quantitative surveys.Objective 2. Identify the strategies utilized by community leaders to create plans, policies, and partnerships which facilitate the sustainable development of natural and rural resources;Identification of community leaders' strategies for sustainable development of natural and rural resources will first require identification of the individuals involved in planning, policy-making, and partnership building in rural communities. Subsequently, qualitative assessment will be employed to explore the successes, challenges, and outcomes of the leaders' planning, policy-making, and partnership building strategies. Then both qualitative and quantitative approaches will be employed to assess community stakeholders' perceptions of the outcomes of the leaders' strategies for the sustainable development of natural and rural resources.Objective 3. Identify landowners' barriers and opportunities to diversify their operations through educational and recreational services (agritourism) as to enhance their entrepreneurial readiness.We will use a combination of research procedures to monitor the development of agritourism in agricultural lands. We foresee that that the identification of barriers and opportunities will require a holistic evaluation that incorporates perceptions of the supply (landowners) and demand (visitors) while considering the economic, socio-cultural, and environmental dimensions of sustainable at the land, household and society levels.

Progress 10/01/20 to 09/30/21

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience of our work continue to be the owners of working lands, as well as the local and regional stakeholders that support or have an influence on their livelihoods and land uses. Changes/Problems:COVID19 pendemic continues to constrain our ability to conduct fieldwork; however, we have been able to leverage web conference technologies and our earlier personal connections in communities to continue our work relatively smoothly. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Reilly, C., Stevenson, K., Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., & Cutts, B. (2021). Growing together: Agricultural and environmental education. (Written research brief for teachers). Reilly, C., Stevenson, K., Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., & Cutts, B. (2021). Creciendo juntos: La educación agrícola y ambiental. (Written research Brief for teachers). Two undergraduate research assistants, Chloe Riley and Ashton English, were trained in data collection, analysis, and dissemination techniques on two separate projects related to Objective 3. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?We continue to disseminate insights from this project through regular (mostly online) contact with tourism microentrepreneurs, interviewing them, discussing their business strategies and attitudes towards development and conservation. During those meetings we directly share knowledge obtained from this study with the participants as a way to validate our findings, and to give them our most up-to-date insights. Additionally we periodically give workshops and presentations to community groups. For example, we collaborate with county Extension Offices to bring together groups of farmers or landowners, and then we give them a presentation and address their questions - due to the COVID-19 pandemic these meetings have been offered primarily via Zoom which has brought some constraints but has also made us more accessible and efficient. Additionally, we have been disseminating our work through academic outlets as reported in the project outputs. We also translate key findings of concluded studies for dissemination to the public and key stakeholders through fact-sheets, technical reports, and popular press as well as social media channels. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?In terms of our work on tourism microentrepreneurship, we will continue to revise and further develop the database of microentrepreneurs with a specific focus on identifying and building rapport with BIPOC owners of working lands. Additionally we will continue to develop the networks of participating microentrepreneurs. We will also continue to disseminate findings through technical, academic and community outlets. In terms of local leadership; efforts will continue to qualitatively measure how local leaders engage in planning and partnership creation to sustain rural tourism development efforts. And in terms of agritourism, we will focus on assessing its impact on local economies moving into a system's level approach. We will also continue interacting with landowners to continuously disseminate and validate our findings as well as to identify areas of need to incorporate in our work.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Objective 1 - Continued to collect and analyze qualitative data on rural tourism microentrepreneurs' self-efficacy, their motivations, and constraints. Examined the ways in which women and men landowners reacted differently to the challenges and opportunities brought by the COVID19 pandemic. Objective 2 - Secured resources to identify how tourism leaders utilize planning and partnerships to communicate the value of tourism as an economic development and resource preservation strategy. Objective 3 - Continued collecting quantitative data to measure the impact of agritourism on agricultural literacy on elementary school students. Completed data collection on the impact of agritourism on intention to purchase local foods among adults in NC, and on the potential of agritourism as a development tool for western NC. Completed data collection and analysis to identify the assets needed and outputs of craft-beverage tourism as a business innovation for owners of working lands to diversify their offerings.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knollenberg, W., Gil Arroyo, C., Barbieri, C., & Boys, K. (2021). Craft beverage tourism development: The contributions of social capital. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 20, 100599; DOI: 10.1016/j.jdmm.2021.100599.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Gil Arroyo, C., Knollenberg, W., & Barbieri, C. (2021). Inputs and outputs of craft-beverage tourism: The Destination Resource Acceleration Framework. Annals of Tourism Research, 86, 103102; DOI: 10.1016/j.annals.2020.103102.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knollenberg, W., Brune, S.*, Harrison, J., & Savage, A. (2021). Identifying a community capital investment portfolio to sustain a tourism workforce. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2021.1890094
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knollenberg, W., Duffy, L., Kline, C., & Lee, G. (2021). Creating competitive advantage for food tourism destinations through food and beverage experiences. Tourism Planning and Development, 18(4), 379  397. DOI:10.1080/21568316.2020.1798687
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, K., Reilly, C., Barbieri, C., & Vila, O. (2021). Strategies for increasing resilience in tourism operations: Lessons from agritourism. Proceedings at Uncharted Territory: Reimagining Tourism for a New Era: 51st Annual Travel and Tourism Research Association International Conference, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Ferreira, B., Morais, D. B., Jakes, S., brothers, G., & Brookins, C. (June 2021). The effect of synergies between the informal and formal sectors on farmers tourism microentrepreneurial intentions. Poster presentation at the International Travel and Tourism Research Conference. Online.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Harrison, J., Knollenberg, W., Yeager, E. P., & Barbieri, C. (2021, November). NC shellfish mariculture tourism supply & demand: Lessons learned from launching the NC Oyster Trail (oral). 2021 National Extension Tourism Conference  Navigating the Uncharted. Savannah, GA.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Reilly, C., Stevenson, K. T., Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., & Cutts, B. (2021, October). What we bring to the table: Influences on youth agricultural literacy in North Carolina (poster). The North American Association for Environmental Education Research Symposium, virtual.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Reilly, C., Stevenson, K. T., Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., & Cutts, B. (2021, October, forthcoming). Abundance over deficit: Promoting responsive approaches in environmental education (roundtable). The North American Association for Environmental Education Research Symposium, virtual.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Riley, C.*, Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C. (2021, September). Opportunities to improve agritourism marketing: Applying the marketing mix to agritourism experiences in Western North Carolina. Oral presentation at the Southeast Chapter of the Travel and Tourism Research Association Annual Conference & Tourism Research Symposium (SETTRA), Spartanburg, SC.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: English, A.*, Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, K., Reilly, C., & Barbieri, C. (2021, September). Measuring the impact of virtual agritourism experience on childrens agricultural literacy: Preliminary findings. Poster presentation at the Southeast Chapter of the Travel and Tourism Research Association Annual Conference & Tourism Research Symposium (SETTRA), Spartanburg, SC.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, K. T., Reilly, C., & Barbieri, C. (2021, June). The potential for agritourism to increase food citizenship (oral). Critical Tourism Studies  North America, University du Quebec, Montreal (CA), hybrid.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Yeager, E., Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., & Harrison, J. (2021, June). Improving the North Carolina Oyster Trail by matching supply and demand data: Lessons learned from COVID-19 adaptations (poster). The 51st Annual Travel and Tourism Research Association International Conference, virtual.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, K. T., Reilly, C., Barbieri, C., & Vila, O. (2021, June). Strategies for increasing resilience in tourism operations: Lessons from agritourism (oral). The 51st Annual Travel and Tourism Research Association International Conference, virtual.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Gil Arroyo, C., Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., & Kline, C. (2021, June). The role of context in destination image formation: Craft beverage tourism in Ica, Peru (oral). The Graduate Symposium of 51st Annual Travel and Tourism Research Association International Conference, virtual.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Riley, C.*, Knollenberg, W., & Barbieri, C. (2021, March). The value of culture in agritourism: Benefits to telling agricultural stories in agritourism. Oral presentation at the Southeast Environment and Recreation Research Conference, Convened Virtually.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Barbieri, C. (2021). Experiential agritourism: A holistic view to rural development. Economic and Management of Agritourism, Master Program in Design of Sustainable Tourism Systems, Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa, Universita degli Studi Firenze  Florence (Italy); May 12.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Freeze, J., Ferreira, B., & Morais, D. B. (July 2021). People-first destination stewardship: a Permatourism approach. Destinations International Conference; Embrace Disruption, Chicago.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Morais, D. B. (April 2021). People-first destination stewardship. visitNC 365 Conference, Online.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., Stevenson, K., Reilly, C., Strnad, R., & Driscoll, E. (2021). Cultivating local foods consumers: Using agritourism to promote local foods. Agricultural Publication AG-894 (Factsheet). North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, Raleigh, NC. Available on-line at: http://content.ces.ncsu.edu/cultivating-local-foods-consumers-using-agritourism-to-promote-local-foods
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Brune, S., Vila, O., Lawson, D., & Knollenberg, W. (2021) Four lessons to build resilience in agritourism. Agricultural Publication AG-901 (Factsheet). North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, Raleigh, NC. Available on-line at: https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/four-lessons-to-build-resilience-in-agritourism
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Ferreira, B., Morais, D., Bowen, B., Jakes, S., Dankbar, H., Patterson, V., Davis, B., & Blevins, M. (2020). Vacationer Supported Agriculture  Summer 2019. NC Cooperative Extension factsheet, Raleigh, NC. Available at https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/static/publication/js/pdf_js/web/viewer.html?slug=vacationer-supported-agriculture-summer-2019
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Bowen, B., & Morais. D. B. (2021). Fork to Farmer 2020/21 Final Report. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Morais, D. B., & Dobson, D. (2020). Vacationer Supported Agriculture 2021 Impact Dashboard. Report number P1tLab 2021.11. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., Yeager, E., Harrison, J., & Leiback, J. (2021, October). Mariculture tourism: Cultivating consumer demand & coastal community supply. Enabling New Aquaculture Opportunities/Social, Behavioral, and Economic Needs in Aquaculture. NOAA Sea Grant Aquaculture Research Symposium, virtual (October 25-29).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., Savage, A., & Nicholie, M. (2021). Regional Agritourism Seminar. EmPOWERing Mountain Food Systems, Haywood County Extension Office, NC (6-hr workshop; August 9; 25 attendees).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., & Savage, A. (2021). Regional Agritourism Seminar - Telling Your Agritourism Story. EmPOWERing Mountain Food Systems, virtual (3 hour workshop; December 3, 25 attendees, virtual).
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: KC, B., LaPan, C., Ferreira, B., & Morais, D. B. (2021). Tourism microentrepreneurship: State of the art and research agenda. Tourism Review International, 25, 279-292.
  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Patterson, V., Morais, D. B., Ferreira, B. (2021). Tourism microentrepreneurship in family farms. In D. B. Morais (Ed.) Tourism Microentrepreneurship (pp. 39-50). Emerald.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, K., Barbieri, C., & Schroeder-Moreno, M. (2021). The influence of agritourism experiences on consumer behavior towards local food. Journal of Travel Research, 60(6), 1318-1332; DOI: 10.1177/0047287520938.


Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20

Outputs
Target Audience: Nothing Reported Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Barbieri, C. (2020). Introduction to agritourism and resources. Western NC Agritourism Agent Training Series, virtual (August 24, 2020; 35 attendees). How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?We continue to disseminate insights from this project through regular contact with tourism microentrepreneurs, interviewing them, discussing their business strategies and attitudes towards development and conservation. During those meetings we directly share knowledge obtained from this study with the study participants as a way to validate our findings to give them our most up-to-date insights. Additionally we periodically give workshops and presentations to community groups. For example, we collaborate with county Extension Offices to bring together group of farmers or landowners, and then we give them a presentation and address their questions. Additionally, we have been disseminating our work through academic outlets as reported in the project outputs. We also translate key findings of concluded studies for dissemination to the public and key stakeholders through fact-sheets, technical reports, and popular press as well as social media channels. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?In terms of our work on tourism microentrepreneurship; we intend to revise and further develop the database of microentrepreneurs by trying to add other nature-based businesses, and will include them in future surveys. Additionally we will continue to develop the networks of participating microentrepreneurs. We will also continue to disseminate findings through technical, academic and community outlets. In terms of local leadership; efforts will continue to qualitatively measure how local leaders engage in planning and partnership creation to sustain rural tourism development efforts. And in terms of agritourism; we will focus on assessing its impact on local economies, entrepreneurial goals and marketing; while also continuing to interact with land owners to continuously disseminate and validate our findings.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Objective 1 - Collected and analyzed quantitative data on rural microentrepreneurs' use of working lands and explored predictors of their self-efficacy and intentions to increase involvement in tourism microentrepreneurship. Objective 2 - Secured resources to identify how tourism leaders utilize planning and partnerships to communicate the value of tourism as an economic development and resource preservation strategy. Objective 3 - Continued collecting quantitative data to measure the impact of agritourism on agricultural literacy (elementary school students) and intention to purchase local foods (adults). Completed data collection to identify the assets needed and outputs of craft-beverage tourism as a business innovation for owners of working lands to diversify their offerings. Started data collection to identify the potential of agritourism as a development tool for western NC.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Ferreira, B. S., Morais, D. B., Szabo, A., Bowen, B., & Jakes, S. (2020). A gap analysis of farm tourism microentrepreneurial mentoring needs in North Carolina. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 10(1), 8399. doi:10.5304/jafscd.2020.101.025
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Halim, M. F., Barbieri, C., Morais, D. B., Jakes, S., S., & Seekamp, E. (2020). Beyond economic earnings: The holistic meaning of success for women in agritourism. Sustainability, 12, 4907. doi:10.3390/su12124907
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Li, J. & Barbieri, C. (2020). Demystifying members social capital and networks within an agritourism association: A Social Network Analysis. Tourism and Hospitality, 1(1), 41-58; DOI: 10.3390/tourhosp1010004.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, K., & Barbieri, C. (2020). U-pick farms: Harvesting more than pumpkins? Journal of Parks and Recreation Administration, 38(4), 135-144; DOI: 10.18666/JPRA-2020-10038.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Xu, S., Barbieri, C., & Seekamp, E. (2020). Social capital along wine trails: Spilling the wine to residents? Sustainability, 12(4), 1592; DOI: 10.3390/su12041592.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Barbieri, C. (2020). Agritourism research: A perspective article. Tourism Review  Jubilee Special Edition, 75(1), 149-152; DOI: 10.1108/TR-05-2019-0152.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Knollenberg, W. & Schroeder, A. (2020). The power of data and coalitions to tell a compelling story about the value of parks, recreation, and tourism. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration. DOI: 10.18666/JPRA-2020-10172
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Knollenberg, W., McGehee, N. G., Perdue, R. R., & Andereck, K. L. (2020). Were all in this together: Understanding how tourism advocates build relationships across the tourism industry. Journal of Travel Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287520906216
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Knollenberg, W., Duffy, L., Kline, C., & Lee, G. (2020, online advanced). Creating competitive advantage for food tourism destinations through food and beverage experiences. Tourism Planning and Development. DOI:10.1080/21568316.2020.1798687
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Reilly, C., Stevenson, K.T., Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., & Barbieri, C. (2020, September). Resetting the table: The role of family in youth agricultural literacy [Poster presentation]. Environmental Educators of North Carolina Research Symposium, Hendersonville, NC.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Brune, S., Stevenson, K. T., Knollenberg, W., & Barbieri, C. (2020). Development and validation of a children's agricultural literacy instrument for local food. Journal of Agricultural Education, 61(3), 233-260; DOI: 10.5032/jae.2020.0300233.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Barbieri, C., Sotomayor, S., & Gil Arroyo, C. (2020). Sustainable tourism in indigenous communities: The case of the Peruvian Andes. Tourism Planning & Development, 17(2), 207-224; DOI: 10.1080/21568316.2019.1597760.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Post, H., Knollenberg, W., Stewart, A., & Schroeder, A. (2020, November). Sticking Together: Insights from membership associations responding to policy decisions [Oral presentation]. Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action, Convened Virtually.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Reilly, C., Stevenson, K. T., Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., & Cutts, B. (2020, October, invited). Creating a new normal: Intergenerational pathways to address environmental issues (panel). The 17th North American Association for Environmental Education Research Symposium, virtual.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Reilly, C., Stevenson, K. T., Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., & Barbieri, C. (2020, October). Growing together: Opportunities for collaboration between agricultural and environmental education (roundtable). The 17th North American Association for Environmental Education Research Symposium, virtual.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Reilly, C., Stevenson, K. T., Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., & Barbieri, C. (2020, July). Bringing home more than the produce: outcomes from farm-based learning experiences among North Carolina youth (poster). The International Symposium on Society and Resource Management, virtual.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Reilly, C., Stevenson, K. T., Brune, S., Warner, W., Park, T., Knollenberg, W., & Barbieri, C. (2020, May) Agricultural literacy: The influence of family and identity (poster). American Association for Agricultural Education Annual Conference (virtual).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Harrison, J. L., Knollenberg, W., Yeager, E., Barbieri, C., Carstens, M., & Leibach, J. (2020, February). Mariculture tourism: Cultivating consumer demand and coastal community supply (oral). The Aquaculture America 2020, Honolulu, HI.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: HengHao, L., Ferreira, B., Morais, D., & Brothers, G. (2020, March 2931). The breadth and depth of AirBnB Experiences microentrepreneurs. Oral presentation (virtual) at 42nd Southeast Environment and Recreation Research Conference, Asheville, NC.


Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19

Outputs
Target Audience: Nothing Reported Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?We continue to disseminate insights from this project through regular contact with tourism microentrepreneurs, interviewing them, discussing their business strategies and attitudes towards development and conservation. During those meetings we directly share knowledge obtained from this study with the study participants as a way to validate our findings to give them our most up-to-date insights. Additionally we periodically give workshops and presentations to community groups. For example, we collaborate with county Extension Offices to bring together group of farmers or landowners, and then we give them a presentation and address their questions. Additionally, we have been disseminating our work through academic outlets as reported in the project outputs. We also translate key findings of concluded studies for dissemination to the public and key stakeholders through fact-sheets, technical reports, and popular press as well as social media channels. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?In terms of our work on tourism microentrepreneurship; we intend to revise and further develop the database of microentrepreneurs by trying to add other nature-based businesses, and will include them in future surveys. Additionally we will continue to develop the networks of participating microentrepreneurs. We will also continue to disseminate findings through technical, academic and community outlets. In terms of local leadership; efforts will continue to qualitatively measure how local leaders engage in planning and partnership creation to sustain rural tourism development efforts. And in terms of agritourism; we will focus on assessing its impact on local economies, entrepreneurial goals and marketing; while also continuing to interact with land owners to continuously disseminate and validate our findings.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Objective 1 - Collected and analyzed quantitative data on rural microentrepreneurs' use of working lands and explored predictors of their self-efficacy and intentions to increase involvement in tourism microentrepreneurship. Objective 2 - Secured resources to identify how tourism leaders utilize planning and partnerships to communicate the value of tourism as an economic development and resource preservation strategy. Objective 3 - Continued collecting quantitative data to measure the impact of agritourism on agricultural literacy (elementary school students) and intention to purchase local foods (adults). Completed data collection to identify the assets needed and outputs of craft-beverage tourism as a business innovation for owners of working lands to diversify their offerings. Started data collection to identify the potential of agritourism as a development tool for western NC.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: KC., B., Morais, D. B., Smith, J. W., Peterson, M. N., & Seekamp, E. (2019). Using Social Network Analysis to understand trust, reciprocity and togetherness in wildlife tourism microentrepreneurship. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, online first.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Nazariadli, S., Morais, D. B., Bunds, K., Baran, P. and Supak, S. (2019). Rural tourism microentrepreneurs self-representation through photography: A counter-hegemonic approach. Rural Society, 28(1).
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gil Arroyo, C., Barbieri, C., Sotomayor, S., & Knollenberg, W. (2019). Cultivating womens empowerment through agritourism: Evidence from Andean communities. MDPI  Sustainability, 11(11), 3058 - special issue on Agritourism in Mountain Regions. DOI: 10.3390/su11113058
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Barbieri, C., Sotomayor, S., & Aguilar F. X. (2019). Perceived benefits of agricultural lands offering agritourism. Tourism Planning & Development, 16(1), 43-60.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Benjamin, S., Knollenberg, W., & Chen, R. (2019). Making sure they have the time of their lives: Identifying co-creation opportunities at the Dirty Dancing Festival. Events Management, 23 (4-5), 613  626
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Li, J. & Barbieri, C. (2019). Incentives to join associations: The case of agritourism. Tourism Insights, 9(1), art 5.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Barbieri, C. & Streifeneder, T. (2019). Agritourism advances around the globe: A commentary from the editors. Open Agriculture  Special Issue on the 1st World Congress on Agritourism, 4(1), 712-714
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Barbieri, C., Stevenson, K. T., & Knollenberg, W. (2019). Broadening the utilitarian epistemology of agritourism research through children and families. Current Issues in Tourism, 22(19), 2333-2336.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Sotomayor, S., Gil Arroyo, C., & Barbieri, C. (2019). Tradition and modernity side-by-side: Experiential tourism among Quechua communities. Journal of Tourism & Cultural Change - special issue on Ethnic Minorities and Global Tourism, 17(4), 377-393
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, K., & Barbieri, C. (2019). Picking pumpkins, changing behaviors: How agritourism can influence consumer behavior towards local foods (abstract). Proceedings of Advancing Tourism Research Globally: 50th Annual International Conference of Travel and Tourism Research Association, Melbourne (AU). Available at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/ttra/2019/grad_colloquium/6/
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gil Arroyo, C., Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., & Boys, K. (2019). The impact of social capital on craft beverage tourism. Selected Paper, 2019 Agricultural & Applied Economics Association Annual Meeting, Atlanta, GA.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gil Arroyo, C., Knollenberg, W., & Barbieri, C. (2019). Building craft-beverage tourism on the foundation of social capital. Proceedings of Driving Tourism: The Southeast Chapter of the Travel and Tourism Research Association conference, Daytona Beach, FL
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Barbieri, C., Knollenberg, W., & Gil Arroyo, C. (2019). An analytical systems framework for tourism product development: Reflections from the craft-beverage tourism. In Caton, K., & Munar, A. (Eds.), Book of abstracts of Pride and Prejudice  Que(e)rying Tourism Hope: Critical Tourism Studies 8, Ibiza, Spain. Available at: https://www.criticaltourismstudies.info/proceedings
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Barbieri, C., Stevenson, K., Knollenberg, W. & Brune, S. (2019). Sowing the seeds of a local foods revolution: Agritourism as an agent of change. In Caton, K., & Munar, A. (Eds.), Book of abstracts of Pride and Prejudice  Que(e)rying Tourism Hope: Critical Tourism Studies 8, Ibiza, Spain. Available at: https://www.criticaltourismstudies.info/proceedings
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Ferreira, B. S., Morais, D. B., Bowen, B., & Jakes, S. (March, 2019). Fork 2 Farmer: bringing farmers to the frontstage through food-themed farm tourism. Poster presentation at the Southeastern Recreation Research Conference, Athens, GA
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Patterson, V., Ferreira, B. S., Morais, D. B., & Nazariadli, S. (March, 2019). The impact of tourism microentrepreneurship on family farming operations. Oral presentation at the Southeastern Recreation Research Conference, Athens, GA.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Morais, D. B. & Ferreira, B. (March, 2019). Hence Permatourism: Thinking beyond sustainability for more equitable destinations. Poster presentation at the 2nd International Conference on Tourism Research. Porto, Portugal
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Morais, D. B., Brothers, G., Ferreira, B., KC, B., LaPan, C., Peroff, D., & Nazariadli, S. (March, 2019). Multi-method longitudinal study of tourism microentrepreneurs agency, networking and success. Oral presentation at the 2nd International Conference on Tourism Research. Porto, Portugal
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Barbieri, C. (2019, March). La Investigaci�n en Agroturismo: Avances y Perspectivas. Seminal Lecture, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Per�
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Barbieri, C., Gil Arroyo, C., Sotomayor, S., & Knollenberg, W. (2019, November, Invited). Turismo Vivencial en Comunidades Quechuas del Per�: G�nero y Cultura Viva. Oral presentation at the Encuentro Internacional sobre Turismo, Pueblos Ind�genas y Patrimonio Cultural, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain. Noviembre 26
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Barbieri, C., & Knollenberg, W. (2019, November, Invited). Reivindicando el Moonshine: Turismo y patrimonio inmaterial en los Apalaches. Oral presentation at the II Congreso Internacional de Patrimonio Colectivo Inmaterial, Valencia, Spain
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Barbieri, C., Stevenson, K., Knollenberg, W., & Brune, S. (2019, June). Sowing the seeds of a local foods revolution: Agritourism as an agent of change. Oral presentation at the Critical Tourism Studies 8, Ibiza, Spain
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Barbieri, C., Knollenberg, W., & Gil Arroyo, C. (2019, June). An analytical systems framework for tourism product development: Reflections from the craft-beverage tourism. Oral presentation at the Critical Tourism Studies 8, Ibiza, Spain
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, K., & Barbieri, C. (2019, June). Picking pumpkins, changing behaviors: How agritourism can influence consumer behavior towards local foods. Oral presentation at the Graduate Student Symposium of the 50th Annual International Conference of Travel and Tourism Research Association (TTRA), Melbourne (AU)
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gil Arroyo, C., Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., & Boys, K. (2019, July). The impact of social capital on craft beverage tourism. Oral presentation at the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association's (AAEA) annual meeting, Atlanta, GA
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, & Barbieri, C. (2019, April). U-pick farms: Harvesting more than pumpkins? Oral presentation at the 31st National Environment and Recreation Research Symposium, Annapolis, MD
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gil Arroyo, C., Knollenberg, W., & Barbieri, C. (2019, April). Blending Creative Place-making and the Community Capitals Framework in the context of craft-beverage tourism. Visual presentation at the 31st National Environment and Recreation Research Symposium, Annapolis, MD
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Bricker, K. S., Kline, C., Lamoureux, K., Joyner, L., & Barbieri, C. (2019, April). Omnivores, sustainability, and action: A critical examination of food and animals in recreation and tourism. Roundtable at the 31st National Environment and Recreation Research Symposium, Annapolis, MD
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gil Arroyo, C., Knollenberg, W., & Barbieri, C. (2019, March). Building craft-beverage tourism on the foundation of social capital. Oral presentation at the Southeast Chapter of the Travel and Tourism Research Association, Daytona Beach, FL
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Knollenberg, W., Brune, S.*, Harrison, J., & Savage, A.* (2019). The importance of tourism ambassadors for seasonal tourism destinations. Oral presentation at the Southeast Travel and Tourism Research Association Annual Conference, Daytona Beach, FL, March, 2019
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Brune, S.*, Knollenberg, W., Harrison, J., & Savage, A.* (2019). Working in paradise: Resources and strategies supporting the tourism workforce in Ocracoke, NC. Oral presentation at the National Environmental and Recreation Research Symposium, Annapolis, MD, April 2019
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Knollenberg, W., Brune, S.*, Harrison, J., & Savage, A. (2019). Building a Community for All: Evidence of immigrant employee integration in a tourism-dependent community. Oral presentation at the Travel and Tourism Research Association Annual Conference, Melbourne, Australia, June 2019
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gil Arroyo, C., Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., Boys, K., & Stroker, A. (2019). Creating the perfect blend: community resources needed to support a sustainable craft beverage industry. Agricultural Publication AG-?866 (Factsheet). North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, Raleigh, NC. Available on-line at: http://content.ces.ncsu.edu/creating-the-perfect-blend-community-resources-needed-to-support-a-sustainable-craft-beverage-indus
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gil Arroyo, C., Knollenberg, W., Barbieri, C., Boys, K., & Stroker, A. (2019). The inputs and outputs of Wake Countys craft beverage industry: Creating a model for craft beverage tourism development. Technical report submitted to the NC State Universitys Office of Outreach and Engagement, North Carolina (June)


Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18

Outputs
Target Audience:Forest management agencies, grassroots organizations in select communities neighboring natural resources, and organizations involved in local resource conservation and community development. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?We have been disseminating insights from this project in various ways. Considering the Participatory Acton Research nature of a portion of this project, we maintain regular contact with tourism microentrepreneurs, interviewing them, discussing their business strategies and attitudes towards development and conservation. During those meetings we directly share knowledge obtained from this study with the study participants as a way to validate our findings to give them our most up-to-date insights. Additionally we periodically give workshops and presentations to community groups. For example, we collaborate with county Extension Offices to bring together group of farmers or landowners, and then we give them a presentation and address their questions. Lastly, we have been disseminating our work through academic outlets as reported in the project outputs. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?In terms of our work on tourism microentrepreneurship; we intend to further develop the database of microentrepreneurs by trying to add other nature-based businesses, and will include them in next year's online survey. Additionally we will continue to develop the networks of participating microentrepreneurs. We will also continue to disseminate findings through technical, academic and community outlets. In terms of local leadership; we will continue to qualitatively investigate the leaders' planning, policy-making, and partnership-building strategies. And in terms of agritourism; we will focus on assessing its impact on local economies, entrepreneurial goals and marketing; while also continuing to interact with land owners to continuously disseminate and validate our findings.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? #1 - During this first stage of the project we started an annual survey to a panel of tourism microentrepreneurs. We began this effort by developing a database of 1,100 farm tourism microentrepreneurs across North Carolina and administered an online survey to ascertain their entrepreneurial practices and their networking behavior. In addition we continued to nurture and grow networks of tourism microentrepreneurs in North Carolina many of them involved in nature-based tourism. We interviewed some of them and added their data to our longitudinal data set. We analyzed portions of these data to produce reports and peer-reviewed presentations and publications. #2 - In regards to engaging local leadership to facilitate sustainable development of natural and rural resources we continued to nurture relationships with key stakeholders; and we collected structured and unstructured interview data. #3 - In regards to working with landowners to assist them in using agritourism to diversify their businesses we continued to nurture relationships with state-level agritourism and agriculture organizations and stakeholder; we gave workshops on this topic to farmers; and we collected structured and unstructured data from landowners to better understand their efforts to educate visitors about farming and the environment.

Publications

  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Ferreira, B. S., Morais, D. B., & Brothers, G. (2018, June). Entrepreneurship in tourism education: a self-efficacy approach. Oral presentation at the 49th Travel and Tourism Research Association Conference. Miami, FL.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Morais, D. B., Shah, N., & Vafadari, K. (2018, March). Integrating formal and informal tourism supply for improved destination competitiveness. T-Forum Conference, Mallorca, Spain, March 12-15.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Ferreira, B. S., Morais, D. B., Brookings, C., Sheuneman, A., Pasalar, C., Kuss, T., & Jones, B. (March 2018). A participatory assessment of community assets at the outset of a regional equine tourism economy. Oral presentation at the e Southeastern Recreation Research Conference, Athens, GA.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Barbieri, C. (2017, February). NAFDMA Farmers Inspired: This is who we are. North American Farmers Direct Marketing Association Annual Conference, Mystic (CT).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Stevenson, K. T., Grether, E. K., Knollenberg, W. G., Brune, S., Barbieri, C. (2018, October). Adapting an environmental literacy framework to measure agricultural literacy. Visual presentation at North American Association for Environmental Education, Spokane, WA.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, K., Grether, E., & Barbieri, C. (2018, June). Introducing a framework to assess agritourisms impact on agricultural literacy and consumer behavior towards local foods. Poster presentation at the 49th Annual International Conference of Travel and Tourism Research Association, Miami/Coral Gables, FL.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Stevenson, K. T., Grether, E. K., Knollenberg, W., Brune, S.*, Barbieri, C. (2018). Adapting an environmental literacy framework to measure agricultural literacy. Visual presentation at North American Association for Environmental Education, Spokane, WA, October 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Knollenberg, W., & Barbieri, C. (2017). The (re)creation of craft distilling culture in North Carolina: Implications for tourism product development. Oral presentation at the Critical Tourism Studies Conference, Palma de Mallorca, Spain, June 2017.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Knollenberg, W., & Barbieri, C. (2017). The emergence of craft distilling tourism: The role of community capitals. Oral presentation at the Travel and Tourism Research Association Annual Conference, Quebec City, Canada, June 2017.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Brune, S.*, Stevenson, K., Knollenberg, W., Grether, E. K., & Barbieri, C. (2018). Approaching common ground: Measuring agricultural literacy using an environmental literacy model. Poster presentation at Environmental Educators of North Carolina (EENC) conference, Durham, NC; September 27-29 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Brune, S.*, Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, K.T., Grether, E.K., & Barbieri, C. (2018). Introducing a framework to assess agritourisms impact on agricultural literacy and consumer behavior towards local foods. Poster presentation at the Travel and Tourism Research Association Annual Conference, Coral Gables, FL, June 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Person, R.* & Knollenberg, W. (2018). Establishing the connections between leadership style and tourism advocates leadership behaviors and outcomes. Oral presentation at the Southeast Travel and Tourism Research Association Annual Conference, Myrtle Beach, SC, April, 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Brune, S.*, Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, K.T., Grether, E.K., & Barbieri, C. (2018). Proposing an instrument to measure the influence of agritourism on consumer behavior toward local food. Poster presentation at the Southeast Travel and Tourism Research Association Annual Conference, Myrtle Beach, SC, April, 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Brune, S.*, Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, K.T., Grether, E.K., & Barbieri, C. (2018). The Alphabet Theorys suitability for examining consumer behavior in the context of agritourism: A proposal. Poster presentation at the National Environment and Recreation Research Symposium (NERR). Annapolis, MA, April 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Grether, E.K., Stevenson, K.T., Knollenberg, W., Brune, S.*, & Barbieri, C. (2018). Developing an instrument to measure how agritourism may build agricultural literacy. Poster presentation at the National Environment and Recreation Research Symposium (NERR). Annapolis, MA, April 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Knollenberg, W., Slocum, S., & Kline, C. (2017). Exploring the relationship between meeting planners willingness to pay for sustainable food choices and sustainable initiatives in event planning. Oral presentation at the Southeast Travel and Tourism Research Association Annual Conference, Knoxville, TN, March 2017.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Ferreira, B. S., Morais, D. B., Lee, K. (2018). Visioning Unicoi County Tourism: A pathway for environmental conservation and equitable prosperity. (Report No. P1tLab 2018-001).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Barbieri, C. (2018). Introduction to Agritourism and Farm Visits. Train-the-Trainer Agritourism Workshop. Cleveland County Cooperative Extension Office, Shelby (NC), February 2.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Savage, A., Barbieri, C., Jakes, S., & Morais, D. (2018). Success of women in agritourism: She will get what she wants. Agricultural Publication AG-842 (Factsheet). North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, Raleigh, NC. Available on-line at: https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/show_ep3_pdf/1533562984/24285/
  • Type: Websites Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: www.forktofarmer.com
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: KC, B., Morais, D. B., Stainback, G. A., & Thigpen, J. (2018). The use of social media and peer networking in tourism microentrepreneurship. Sustainable Communities Review, 11(1), 57-69.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Ferreira, B., Morais, D. B., Pollack, J., & Bunds, K. (2018). Development and validation the Tourism e-Microentrepreneurial Self-Efficacy scale. Tourism Analysis, 23(2), 275-282.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Santeramo, F., & Barbieri, C. (2017). On the demand for agritourism: A cursory review of methodologies and practice. Tourism Planning & Development, 14(1), 139148.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2018 Citation: KC., B., Morais, D. B., Seekamp, E., Smith, J. W., & Peterson, M. N. (2018). Bonding and bridging forms of social capital in wildlife tourism microentrepreneurship: An application of Social Network Analysis. Sustainability, 10(2), 315.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Nazariadli, S., Morais, D. B., Barbieri, C., & Smith, J. (2018). Does perception of authenticity attract visitors to agricultural settings? Tourism Recreation Research, 43(1), 91-104.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Slocum, S. L., Knollenberg, W., & Kline, C. (2018). Demand for specialty food initiatives: Considerations for meeting planning and destination management. Journal of Gastronomy and Tourism, 3(1), 17-30.
  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Barbieri, C., & Baggett, A. (2017). Moonshine in North Carolina: Crafting Quality for Tourism. In Kline, C., Slocum, S., & Cavaliere, C. T. (Eds), Craft beverages and tourism - The rise of breweries and distilleries in the United States (vol. 1, pp. 155-171). NY: Palgrave Macmillan (Book chapter).
  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Barbieri, C. (2017). Agritourism and Sustainable Rural Development: The Agritourism Systems Approach. In Solha, K., Elesb�o, I., & de Souza, M. (Eds), O turismo rural comunit�rio como estrat�gia de deselvolvimiento (pp. 19-44). Porto Alegre: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Slocum, S.L., Knollenberg, W., & Kline, C. (2018). Demand for specialty food initiatives: Considerations for meeting planning and destination management. Journal of Gastronomy and Tourism, 3(1), 17-30.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Kline, C., Lee, S.J., & Knollenberg, W. (2018). Segmenting foodies for a foodie destination. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 35(9), 1234  1245.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Soulard, J., Knollenberg, W., Boley, B.B., Perdue, R.R., & McGehee, N.G. (2018). Social capital and destination strategic planning. Tourism Management, 69, 189  200.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Ferreira, B. Morais, D. B., & Brothers, G. (2018, June). Entrepreneurship in tourism education: a self-efficacy approach. Proceedings from the 49th Travel and Tourism Research Association Conference. Miami, FL.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Barbieri, C., Halim, F., & Savage, A. (2017). An epistemological approach to the success of women in agritourism. In Caton, K., Grimwood, B., Leeming, J., Muldoon, M., & Munar, A. (Eds.), Proceedings of Understand Tourism  Change Tourism. Understand Ourselves  Change Ourselves: 7th Critical Tourism Studies conference, Palma de Majorca, Spain. ISBN: 978-0-9916871-2-1 (Article 131). Available at: http://digitalcommons.library.tru.ca/cts-proceedings/vol2017/iss1/131
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: 5. Knollenberg, W. & Barbieri, C. (2017). The (re)creation of distilling culture in North Carolina and its potential impact on tourism. In Caton, K., Grimwood, B., Leeming, J., Muldoon, M., & Munar, A. (Eds.), Proceedings of Understand Tourism  Change Tourism. Understand Ourselves  Change Ourselves: 7th Critical Tourism Studies conference, Palma de Majorca, Spain. ISBN: 978-0-9916871-2-1 (Article 73). Available
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Knollenberg, W. & Barbieri, C. (2017). The emergence of craft distilling tourism: The role of community capitals. Proceedings of Advancing Tourism Research Globally: 48th Annual International Conference of Travel and Tourism Research Association, Quebec City, Canada. Available at http://scholarworks.umass.edu/ttra/2017/Qual_Research_Papers/2
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, K., Grether, E., & Barbieri, C. (2018). Introducing a framework to assess agritourisms impact on agricultural literacy and consumer behavior towards local foods. Proceedings of Encouraging Innovation in the Universe of Tourism Research: 49th Annual International Conference of Travel and Tourism Research Association, Miami/Coral Gables, FL. Available at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/ttra/2018/Academic_Papers_Visual/28
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Brune, S., Knollenberg, W., Stevenson, K., Grether, E., & Barbieri, C. (2018). Proposing an instrument to measure the influence of agritourism on consumer behavior toward local food. Proceedings of Anchored in Tourism: The Southeast Chapter of the Travel and Tourism Research Association conference, Myrtle Beach, SC.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Ferreira, B., Morais, D. B., Brookins, C., & Pasalar, C. (2018, November). O sector equestre como potenciador de permaturismo no sudeste estado unidense. CITURDES: Congresso Internacional de Turismo Rural e Desenvolvimento Sustentavel, Nicoya, Costa Rica, November 14-16.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Morais, D. B., Ferreira, B., Jakes, S., & Bowen, B. (2018, November). Fork to Farmer: Criando oportunidades de receitas directas para pequenos agricultores atrav�s de colabora��es com restaurantes famosos e o turismo gastron�mico. CITURDES: Congresso Internacional de Turismo Rural e Desenvolvimento Sustentavel, Nicoya, Costa Rica, November 14-16.