Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20
Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiences include California agricultural and environmental stakeholders of all types. Wine industry stakeholders include outreach and education professionals, growers, wineries, and producer groups involved in sustainable agriculture. Water management stakeholders include state and local agencies, with the goal of developing decision-support tools for decision-making under uncertainty. The international audience are agricultural and environmental development agencies who want to use social network analysis to improve monitoring and evaluation. Rangeland managers and farmers throughout the state are also target audiences. Increasingly important are stakeholder engaged in climate change decision-making for both natural resources and agriculture, including state and federal agencies and critical workgroups with climate change coordination responsibility. In the most recent DANR project, stakeholders are all agricultural outreach and education professionals in California, including industry professionals. All producer and stakeholder involved with the Central Valley Water Resources Control Board and irrigation management are also stakeholders. Especially stakeholders involved with the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act, and the Irrigated Lands Program Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The portfolio of research efforts under these projects have all included graduate students and post-doctoral scholars as major collaborators. Many of these students have now completed their Ph.D. based at least in part on work completed within the context of the project, and most of them have moved on to academic appointments. The academic appointments include University of Vermont, Ohio State University, Stockholm Resilience Center, Idaho State University, University of Exeter, and City, University of London. Some students have also move to more policy/practioner positions, including Driscoll's Berries, a health informatics company, and the Delta Stewardship Council. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The outreach and scientific communication for this project includes a portfolio of engagement that includes policy briefs, traditional media, social media, and personal discussion with stakeholders at meetings and in-person. All of the projects have policy briefs that are available at the website of the Center for Environmental Policy and Behavior (too many to usefully list here). The sea level rise project has developed into continuing engagement with that community, including my appointment to the leadership advisory group for BCDC's BayAdapt sea-level rise planning process, and working with the Delta Stewardship Council on multiple projects such as the forthcoming Science Needs Assessment Our nitrogen management research team has produced several reports and attended many outreach meetings to present results. The SGMA research developed into a special issue of the journal Society and Natural Resources, which was published in 2020. I have collaborated or provided presentations of my research to many different government organizations, non-governmental organizations, and producer groups throughout California. This includes Bay Conservation Development Commission, California Coastal Commission, Department of Water Resources, State and Regional Water Resource Control Boards, Delta Stewardship Council, California Sustainable Winegrowing Alliance, Almond Board of California, Nature Conservancy, and others. In 2019, I continued serving on the Science Advisory Committee (SAC) for the Delta Stewardship Council and was appointed to the BCDC Climate Adaptation Advisory Committee. I have an active Twitter account associated with the Center for Environmental Policy and Behavior, which now has almost followers (this puts me in top 2% of Twitter users) from across the world. Twitter has been an effective outreach tool, leading to a number of opportunities for media engagement. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Work continues on all three major projects; most of them have moved into the stage of submitting anb publishing papers. A next generation of grants has been submitted for the sea-level rise project in particular. Hence more publications should be coming from these projects in the next reporting period. Although all of the projects have benefited from ongoing and early stakeholder engagement, we will continue to communicate with stakeholders as results emerge.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The overarching goal of this project is to understand the factors that facilitate cooperation among stakeholders in the context of collaborative policy in California. Collaborative policy is one of the most important trends in policy studies, and California has several important existing examples in agriculture and environment, and more continue to develop all of the time. This AES projects studies collaborative policy in the context of sustainable agriculture, water management, and climate change. Solving the policy problems in each of these areas requires cooperation and collective action among stakeholders, where the term stakeholders is broadly defined to include administrators from public agencies at all levels of the federal system,environmental and economic interest groups, and actual resource users. The substantive goal of the AES project is to identify the ecological, social, economic, and political factors that encourage or discourage cooperation. All of these study areas are directly relevant to California agriculture because they directly address agricultural uses of land and water. Test theoretical hypotheses from theories of the policy process developed in the academic disciplines of political economy and political science. The academic goal of the project is to use collaborative policy as a laboratory for studying basic policy processes. These theories include institutional rational choice in the tradition of Elinor Ostrom (1990; 1999), Gary Libecap (1989), and Douglass North (1990), and the Advocacy Coalition Framework developed by Paul Sabatier and Hank Jenkins-Smith (1993). Provide advice to policy-makers about how to design collaborative programs that successfully build cooperation, resolve conflict, and ultimately improve environmental conditions. The combination of substantive goals and theoretical work accomplished in the context of this project will provide a basis for making specific recommendations to California policy makers about how to design effective collaborative management programs. Over the 2019-2020 reporting period, the project focused on three major studies. Each study includes a major academic component focused on testing theories of cooperation, human behavior, and decision-making, along with a high level of science communication and outreach to relevant stakeholder groups. The major projects were as follows: 1. Cooperation and Sea-Level Rise Adaptation in San Francisco Bay: Analyzed policy networks of climate adaptation stakeholders in San Francisco Bay, using combination archival, qualitative case study, and quantitative survey research strategies. Major findings including diagnosing the governance challenges involved with climate adaptation, decentralization of stakeholder networks over time, and identification of policy preferences for overcoming governance challenges and increasing cooperation. This project has now produced several papers, and catalyzed two subsequent NSF grants. 2. Cooperation and the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act of California: Along with students in my group, we have embarked on multi-dimensional analysis of cooperation and the emergence of new governance institutions under SGMA. SGMA requires target basins to develop new groundwater management agencies and rules. The evolution of these institutions has major implications for California agriculture and other sectors, along with environmental justice. In 2017 we convened a "research-to-practice" conference linking research groups around the state to SGMA stakeholders, to focus on governance questions. While data collection efforts are still underway, some important early findings are that disadvantaged communities are rarely formally represented in groundwater management agencies, but collaborative institutions and more resources help increase representation. One paper has now been published from this study. 3. With funding from CDFA Fertilizer Research Education Program, we have continued our major effort to understand the barriers to adopting nitrogen management practices in context of the Irrigated Lands Program in California. The IRLP uses regional coalition groups as the policy instrument for changing farmer behavior and compliance with the IRLP. We surveyed farmers in 4 different regions of California: Glenn-Colusa, East San Joaquin, South San Joaquin, and Delta. We collected data via in-person interviews, grower meetings, participant observation at Coalition meetings, and large-scale mail surveys. In the 2019-2020 period, we implemented additional surveys and published some initial papers.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Vantaggiato, Francesca, and Mark Lubell. 2020. "Learning to Collaborate: Lessons Learned from Governance Processes Addressing the Impacts of Sea Level Rise on Transportation Corridors Across California." UC Davis Institute for Transportation Studies.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Klasic, Meghan, and Mark Lubell. 2020. "Collaborative Governance: From Simple Partnerships to Complex Systems." In Handbook of US Environmental Policy. Edward Elgar Publishing.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Lubell, Mark, William Blomquist, and Lisa Beutler. Sustainable Groundwater Management in California: A Grand Experiment in Environmental Governance. Society & Natural Resources 33, no. 12 (2020): 144767. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2020.1833617.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Lubell, Mark, Jack Mewhirter, and Ramiro Berardo. 2020. "The Origins of Conflict in Polycentric Governance Systems." Public Administration Review 80(2): 222-233.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Berardo, Ramiro, and Mark Lubell, 2019. The Ecology of Games as a Theory of Polycentricity: Recent Advances and Future Challenges. Policy Studies Journal 47(1): 6-26.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Robbins, Matthew, and Mark Lubell. 2020. "Network Segregation and Water Governance: The Case of the Spiny Lobster Initiative." Networks in Water Governance: 51-85.
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Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19
Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiences include California agricultural and environmental stakeholders of all types. Wine industry stakeholders include outreach and education professionals, growers, wineries, and producer groups involved in sustainable agriculture. Water management stakeholders include state and local agencies, with the goal of developing decision-support tools for decision-making under uncertainty. The international audience are agricultural and environmental development agencies who want to use social network analysis to improve monitoring and evaluation. Rangeland managers and farmers throughout the state are also target audiences. Increasingly important are stakeholder engaged in climate change decision-making for both natural resources and agriculture, including state and federal agencies and critical workgroups with climate change coordination responsibility. In the most recent DANR project, stakeholders are all agricultural outreach and education professionals in California, including industry professionals. All producer and stakeholder involved with the Central Valley Water Resources Control Board and irrigation management are also stakeholders. Especially stakeholders involved with the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act, and the Irrigated Lands Program Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The portfolio of research efforts under these projects have all included graduate students and post-doctoral scholars as major collaborators. Many of these students have now completed their Ph.D. based at least in part on work completed within the context of the project, and most of them have moved on to academic appointments. The academic appointments include University of Vermont, Ohio State University, Stockholm Resilience Center, Idaho State University, University of Exeter, and City, University of London. Some students have also move to more policy/practioner positions, including Driscoll's Berries, a health informatics company, and the Delta Stewardship Council. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The outreach and scientific communication for this project includes a portfolio of engagement that includes policy briefs, traditional media, social media, and personal discussion with stakeholders at meetings and in-person. All of the projects have policy briefs that are available at the website of the Center for Environmental Policy and Behavior (too many to usefully list here). The sea level rise project has developed into continuing engagement with that community, including my appointment to the BCDC sea level rise planning advisory board, and working with the Delta Stewardship Council on multiple projects. Our nitrogen management research team has produced several reports and attended many outreach meetings to present results. The SGMA research developed into a special issue of the journal Society and Natural Resources, which should be published in 2020. I have collaborated or provided presentations of my research to many different government organizations, non-governmental organizations, and producer groups throughout California. This includes Bay Conservation Development Commission, California Coastal Commission, Department of Water Resources, State and Regional Water Resource Control Boards, Delta Stewardship Council, California Sustainable Winegrowing Alliance, Almond Board of California, Nature Conservancy, and others. In 2019, I continued serving on the Science Advisory Committee (SAC) for the Delta Stewardship Council and was appointed to the BCDC Climate Adaptation Advisory Committee. For the sea level rise project, I reached an especially broad and diverse audience by collaborating with the Exploratorium science museum in San Francisco, on a project linking art and science. We had several public presentations at the Exploratorium. I have an active Twitter account associated with the Center for Environmental Policy and Behavior, which now has almost followers (this puts me in top 2% of Twitter users) from across the world. Twitter has been an effective outreach tool, leading to a number of opportunities for media engagement. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Work continues on all three major projects; we have mostly completed data collection. Hence more publications should be coming from these projects in the next reporting period. Although all of the projects have benefited from ongoing and early stakeholder engagement, we will continue to communicate with stakeholders as results emerge.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The overarching goal of this project is to understand the factors that facilitate cooperation among stakeholders in the context of collaborative policy in California. Collaborative policy is one of the most important trends in policy studies, and California has several important existing examples in agriculture and environment, and more continue to develop all of the time. This AES projects studies collaborative policy in the context of sustainable agriculture, water management, and climate change. Solving the policy problems in each of these areas requires cooperation and collective action among stakeholders, where the term stakeholders is broadly defined to include administrators from public agencies at all levels of the federal system,environmental and economic interest groups, and actual resource users. The substantive goal of the AES project is to identify the ecological, social, economic, and political factors that encourage or discourage cooperation. All of these study areas are directly relevant to California agriculture because they directly address agricultural uses of land and water. Test theoretical hypotheses from theories of the policy process developed in the academic disciplines of political economy and political science. The academic goal of the project is to use collaborative policy as a laboratory for studying basic policy processes. These theories include institutional rational choice in the tradition of Elinor Ostrom (1990; 1999), Gary Libecap (1989), and Douglass North (1990), and the Advocacy Coalition Framework developed by Paul Sabatier and Hank Jenkins-Smith (1993). Provide advice to policy-makers about how to design collaborative programs that successfully build cooperation, resolve conflict, and ultimately improve environmental conditions. The combination of substantive goals and theoretical work accomplished in the context of this project will provide a basis for making specific recommendations to California policy makers about how to design effective collaborative management programs. Over the 2018-2019 reporting period, the project focused on three major studies. Each study includes a major academic component focused on testing theories of cooperation, human behavior, and decision-making, along with a high level of science communication and outreach to relevant stakeholder groups. The major projects were as follows: 1. Cooperation and Sea-Level Rise Adaptation in San Francisco Bay: Analyzed policy networks of climate adaptation stakeholders in San Francisco Bay, using combination archival, qualitative case study, and quantitative survey research strategies. Major findings including diagnosing the governance challenges involved with climate adaptation, decentralization of stakeholder networks over time, and identification of policy preferences for overcoming governance challenges and increasing cooperation. Project funded by NSF. 2. Cooperation and the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act of California: Along with students in my group, we have embarked on multi-dimensional analysis of cooperation and the emergence of new governance institutions under SGMA. SGMA requires target basins to develop new groundwater management agencies and rules. The evolution of these institutions has major implications for California agriculture and other sectors, along with environmental justice. In 2017 we convened a "research-to-practice" conference linking research groups around the state to SGMA stakeholders, to focus on governance questions. While data collection efforts are still underway, some important early findings are that disadvantaged communities are rarely formally represented in groundwater management agencies, but collaborative institutions and more resources help increase representation. One paper has now been published from this study. 3. With funding from CDFA Fertilizer Research Education Program, we embarked on a major effort to understand the barriers to adopting nitrogen management practices in context of the Irrigated Lands Program in California. The IRLP uses regional coalition groups as the policy instrument for changing farmer behavior and compliance with the IRLP. We surveyed farmers in 4 different regions of California: Glenn-Colusa, East San Joaquin, South San Joaquin, and Delta. We collected data via in-person interviews, grower meetings, participant observation at Coalition meetings, and large-scale mail surveys. Initial findings suggest that costs and uncertainty are major barriers to practice adoption, along with disjunct between direct nitrogen management practices such as rates of fertilizer application versus indirect water management. The Coalitions also struggle to develop "boundary spanning" narratives that effectively communicate to both growers and regulators. All of the data for this study has now been collected. We have provided reports, briefings, and talks to stakeholders throughout California. Scientific publications are now being produced.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Dobbin, K.B. and Lubell, M. (2019), Collaborative Governance and Environmental Justice: Disadvantaged Community Representation in California Sustainable Groundwater Management. Policy Stud J.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Rudnick, Jessica, and Mark Lubell. Understanding Uncertainty in California Farmers' Decision-making on Nitrogen and Water Management. AGU Fall Meeting 2019
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
SDS Khalsa, JM Rudnick, MN Lubell, PH Brown. Adoption of N Management Practices By Permanent Crop Growers in the San Joaquin Valley, California. ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings (2019)
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Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiences include California agricultural and environmental stakeholders of all types. Wine industry stakeholders include outreach and education professionals, growers, wineries, and producer groups involved in sustainable agriculture. Water management stakeholders include state and local agencies, with the goal of developing decision-support tools for decision-making under uncertainty. The international audience are agricultural and environmental development agencies who want to use social network analysis to improve monitoring and evaluation. Rangeland managers and farmers throughout the state are also target audiences. Increasingly important are stakeholder engaged in climate change decision-making for both natural resources and agriculture, including state and federal agencies and critical workgroups with climate change coordination responsibility. In the most recent DANR project, stakeholders are all agricultural outreach and education professionals in California, including industry professionals. All producer and stakeholder involved with the Central Valley Water Resources Control Board and irrigation management are also stakeholders. Especially stakeholders involved with the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act, and the Irrigated Lands Program Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The portfolio of research efforts under these projects have all included graduate students and post-doctoral scholars as major collaborators. Many of these students have now completed their Ph.D. based at least in part on work completed within the context of the project, and most of them have moved on to academic appointments. The academic appointments include University of Vermont, Ohio State University, Stockholm Resilience Center, Idaho State University, University of Exeter, and City, University of London. Some students have also move to more policy/practioner positions, including Driscoll's Berries, a health informatics company, and the Delta Stewardship Council. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The outreach and scientific communication for this project includes a portfolio of engagement that includes policy briefs, traditional media, social media, and personal discussion with stakeholders at meetings and in-person. All of the projects have policy briefs that are available at the website of the Center for Environmental Policy and Behavior (too many to usefully list here), and the Governance Gap report was a larger report that was produced and delivered to all Bay Area sea-level rise stakeholders. The Governance Gap report was the subject of a UC Davis press release and several newspaper articles. The SGMA conference report was also delivered to all stakeholders. My expertise has been sought by multiple newspaper outlets over the last five years, and I have appeared several times on National Public Radio including Insight in Sacramento. I have an active Twitter account associated with the Center for Environmental Policy and Behavior, which now has 3,891 followers (this puts me in top 2% of Twitter users) from across the world. Twitter has been an effective outreach tool, leading to a number of opportunities for media engagement. I have collaborated or provided presentations of my research to many different government organizations, non-governmental organizations, and producer groups throughout California. This includes Bay Conservation Development Commission, California Coastal Commission, Department of Water Resources, State and Regional Water Resource Control Boards, Delta Stewardship Council, California Sustainable Winegrowing Alliance, Almond Board of California, Nature Conservancy, and others. In 2018, my overall record of engagement was rewarded with an appointment to the Science Advisory Committee (SAC) for the Delta Stewardship Council. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Work continues on all three major projects; we have mostly completed data collection. Hence more publications should be coming from these projects in the next reporting period. Although all of the projects have benefited from ongoing and early stakeholder engagement, we will continue to communicate with stakeholders as results emerge.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The overarching goal of this project is to nderstand the factors that facilitate cooperation among stakeholders in the context of collaborative policy in California. Collaborative policy is one of the most important trends in policy studies, and California has several important existing examples in agriculture and environment, and more continue to develop all of the time. This AES projects studies collaborative policy in the context of sustainable agriculture, water management, and climate change. Solving the policy problems in each of these areas requires cooperation and collective action among stakeholders, where the term stakeholders is broadly defined to include administrators from public agencies at all levels of the federal system,environmental and economic interest groups, and actual resource users. The substantive goal of the AES project is to identify the ecological, social, economic, and political factors that encourage or discourage cooperation. All of these study areas are directly relevant to California agriculture because they directly address agricultural uses of land and water. Test theoretical hypotheses from theories of the policy process developed in the academic disciplines of political economy and political science. The academic goal of the project is to use collaborative policy as a laboratory for studying basic policy processes. These theories include institutional rational choice in the tradition of Elinor Ostrom (1990; 1999), Gary Libecap (1989), and Douglass North (1990), and the Advocacy Coalition Framework developed by Paul Sabatier and Hank Jenkins-Smith (1993). Provide advice to policy-makers about how to design collaborative programs that successfully build cooperation, resolve conflict, and ultimately improve environmental conditions. The combination of substantive goals and theoretical work accomplished in the context of this project will provide a basis for making specific recommendations to California policy makers about how to design effective collaborative management programs. Over the 2017-2018 reporting period, the project focused on three major studies. Each study includes a major academic component focused on testing theories of cooperation, human behavior, and decision-making, along with a high level of science communication and outreach to relevant stakeholder groups. The major projects were as follows: 1. Cooperation and Sea-Level Rise Adaptation in San Francisco Bay: Analyzed policy networks of climate adaptation stakeholders in San Francisco Bay, using combination archival, qualitative case study, and quantitative survey research strategies. Major findings including diagnosing the governance challenges involved with climate adaptation, decentralization of stakeholder networks over time, and identification of policy preferences for overcoming governance challenges and increasing cooperation. Project funded by NSF. 2. Cooperation and the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act of California: Along with students in my group, we have embarked on multi-dimensional analysis of cooperation and the emergence of new governance institutions under SGMA. SGMA requires target basins to develop new groundwater management agencies and rules. The evolution of these institutions has major implications for California agriculture and other sectors, along with environmental justice. In 2017 we convened a "research-to-practice" conference linking research groups around the state to SGMA stakeholders, to focus on governance questions. While data collection efforts are still underway, some important early findings are that disadvantaged communities are rarely formally represented in groundwater management agencies, but collaborative institutions and more resources help increase representation. 3. With funding from CDFA Fertilizer Research Education Program, we embarked on a major effort to understand the barriers to adopting nitrogen management practices in context of the Irrigated Lands Program in California. The IRLP uses regional coalition groups as the policy instrument for changing farmer behavior and compliance with the IRLP. We surveyed farmers in 4 different regions of California: Glenn-Colusa, East San Joaquin, South San Joaquin, and Delta. We collected data via in-person interviews, grower meetings, participant observation at Coalition meetings, and large-scale mail surveys. Initial findings suggest that costs and uncertainty are major barriers to practice adoption, along with disjunct between direct nitrogen management practices such as rates of fertilizer application versus indirect water management. The Coalitions also struggle to develop "boundary spanning" narratives that effectively communicate to both growers and regulators.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Cadena, M., Hoffman, M., Gallardo, R. A., Figueroa, A., Lubell, M., & Pitesky, M. 2018. Using Social Network Analysis to Characterize the Collaboration Network of Backyard Poultry Trainers in California. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 158: 129 -136.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Lubell, Mark, and Neil McRoberts. 2018. Closing the Extension Gap: Information and Communication Technology in Sustainable Agriculture. California Agriculture 72(4): 236 -242.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Levy, Michael A., Mark N. Lubell, and Neil McRoberts. 2018 "The Structure of Mental Models of Sustainable Agriculture." Nature Sustainability 1(8): 413.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Linda Estel� M�ndez-Barrientos, Cory L. Struthers, Kristin Dobbin, Mackenzie Johnson, Jessica Rudnick, Mark Lubell & Lisa Beutler. 2018. The Sustainable Groundwater Management Act Governance Conference: Research and Practice. Synthesis Report 2018. UC Davis Center for Environmental Policy Behavior.
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