Source: NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIV submitted to NRP
EXTENSION INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT PROGRAM IN NORTH DAKOTA
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
OTHER GRANTS
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1013592
Grant No.
2017-70006-27144
Cumulative Award Amt.
$707,680.00
Proposal No.
2017-04382
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Sep 1, 2017
Project End Date
Aug 31, 2022
Grant Year
2020
Program Code
[EIP]- Extension Implementation Program
Recipient Organization
NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIV
1310 BOLLEY DR
FARGO,ND 58105-5750
Performing Department
Plant Pathology
Non Technical Summary
Program PrioritiesThe Extension IPM Program in North Dakota proposal addresses two primary priorities and two secondary priorities:Primary Priorities:IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops (54%)IPM for Pollinator Health (15%)Secondary Priorities:IPM Support for Pest Diagnostic Facilities (18%)IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators (7%)EIP Coordination Planning (8%)We are requesting partial salary and fringe benefits for Mr. Beauzay, Co-PD/PI and State IPM Coordinator, for his efforts in coordinating and participating in all EIP program areas of the NDSU Extension IPM program in Years 2 and 3. His role within each priority area is explained in the narrative section. Mr. Beauzay also is active in IPM team leadership at the regional and national levels.Project Summary This is the Extension Implementation Program (EIP) proposal for North Dakota for the USDA-NIFA Crop Protection and Pest Management Program. The goals of the IPM Program of North Dakota are to coordinate IPM extension education for agronomic crops, promote pollinator health, support the NDSU Plant Diagnostic Lab and provide IPM training as part of the NDSU Extension Pesticide Applicator Training and Certification Program. Our proposed IPM activities support the National IPM Roadmap goals to improve cost/benefit analyses in agricultural commodity production, and to reduce human health and environmental risks associated with pest management practices. The two primary priority areas in our proposal are 1) IPM Implementation in Agronomic Crops (53% of budget) and 2) IPM for Pollinator Health (15% of budget). Our proposal also addresses two secondary priorities: 1) IPM Support for Pest Diagnostic Facilities (18% of budget) and 2) IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators (7% of budget). EIP Coordination planning will be 8% of the total budget. For IPM Implementation in Agronomic Crops, four major crops (wheat, barley, soybean, sunflower) will be surveyed for major insect pest and disease problems, and information on pest densities and IPM strategies will be provided to producers and other agricultural stakeholders. This program supports the CPPM focus areas of Plant Protection Tactics and Tools, and Enhancing Agricultural Biosecurity. For IPM for Pollinator Health, pollinator gardens and outreach will be implemented in communities throughout North Dakota in cooperation with the NDSU Extension Service county agents and Master Gardeners. This program area will include field demonstrations of gardening for pollinators and creation of certified pollinator gardens, which will increase knowledge of pollinator friendly IPM practices. The ultimate outcome of the pollinator health objective is to increase the availability of suitable plants for pollinators across the state and thereby improve pollinator health. The proposed Pollinator Health program supports the CPPM focus area of IPM for Sustainable Communities. The NDSU Plant Diagnostic Laboratory (PDL) receives and processes 3,000 to 5,000 samples each year ranging from plant pathogens, insects, and weeds to abiotic problems. The PDL also processes samples of regulatory concern for seed health and phytosanitary certification, which enables trade of agricultural commodities and supports the economic health of North Dakota. IPM information is provided with each diagnosis (as applicable) to encourage stakeholder implementation of sustainable IPM practices. The PDL also generates an annual report summarizing lab activities and impacts. The addition of a dedicated Insect Diagnostician assigned to the PDL will relieve the insect identification burden on short-staffed and time constrained Extension Entomology, and strengthen the functions of the PDL. The proposed support for the PDL supports the CPPM focus area of Enhancing Agricultural Biosecurity. North Dakota currently has 6,153 certified commercial/public pesticide applicators, and 11,473 certified private pesticide applicators. Renewal is mandatory every three years. The NDSU Extension Pesticide Training and Certification Program provides pesticide safety education, training, certification and recertification to approximately 2,000 commercial/public applicators and 3,500 private applicators annually. Commercial/public applicator training is provided at 12 large venues statewide during the winter months, and private applicator training is provided by county Extension agents at about 120 smaller county venues. We propose to include interactive IPM education in our pesticide training program to promote IPM adoption and practice among certified pesticide applicators. This program area supports the CPPM focus areas of Plant Protection Tactics and Tools, and Enhancing Agricultural Biosecurity.Stakeholder Engagement The NDSU Extension Service infrastructure of state Extension specialists based on the NDSU campus, regional specialists at seven Research Extension Centers and county agents serving all 53 North Dakota counties provides an excellent framework for stakeholder engagement. Crop producers, crop consultants, commodity group boards, other ag industry stakeholders, North Dakota Department of Agriculture staff, USDA APHIS staff, Master Gardeners, urban forestry professionals, and homeowners communicate directly to Extension specialists and county agents. Specialists and county agents communicate with each other and with stakeholders throughout the year through newsletters, calls, radio and social media. Extension-led meetings for stakeholder groups have had high attendance and learning success. Through this communication network, the exchange of ideas and information is facilitated and IPM program priorities are determined.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
(N/A)
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
2161599113014%
2161599116014%
2161899113014%
2161899116014%
2163099113014%
2165220302010%
2163110302010%
2163120302010%
Knowledge Area
216 - Integrated Pest Management Systems;

Subject Of Investigation
3120 - Spiders, mites, ticks, and other arthropods; 3099 - Bees, honey, and other pollinators, general; 1599 - Grain crops, general/other; 1899 - Oilseed and oil crops, general/other; 3110 - Insects; 5220 - Pesticides;

Field Of Science
1130 - Entomology and acarology; 1160 - Pathology; 3020 - Education;
Goals / Objectives
Program PrioritiesThe Extension IPM Program in North Dakota proposal addresses two primary priorities and two secondary priorities:Primary Priorities:IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops The goals of this program emphasis area involve: 1) The statewide IPM Survey for economically important insect pests and diseases of four major agronomic crops (wheat, barley, soybean, sunflower) grown in North Dakota, and 2) Extension IPM education on agronomic crops to stakeholders throughout North Dakota in collaboration with commodity groups. Agriculture is one of North Dakota's major industries and production was valued at over 7 billion U.S. dollars in 2015. Pests continue to cause economic yield losses and reduce quality of agriculture crops grown in North Dakota. Crop producers need up-to-date data on pest occurrence, distribution and severity so that they can make informed and timely management decisions, which can make the difference between profit and loss for a crop that year.IPM for Pollinator Health This is a new initiative for IPM in North Dakota and will reach county Extension agents, Master Gardeners, horticulturalists, gardeners, homeowners and other stakeholders interested in pollinators. The goal of this Primary Program Area is to develop collaborative pollinator resources with Michigan State University and to encourage the planting of native and non-native flowering plants in gardens across North Dakota to increase pollinator-friendly gardening using IPM tools.Secondary Priorities:IPM Support for Pest Diagnostic Facilities The North Dakota State University Plant Diagnostic Lab (PDL) helps agricultural producers and professionals, horticulture and urban forestry professionals, university researchers and homeowners identify plant pests, one of the keys of IPM. The PDL processes anywhere from 3,000 to 5,000 samples per season, and samples can be submitted from anywhere in the United States. Sample reports, including pest identification, other diagnostic information and applicable IPM recommendations are given to clients. Our goal is to hire and train an insect diagnostician as part of the PDL.IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators Our goal is to include basic IPM education module as part of the NDSU Extension Pesticide Training and Certification Program. The proposed education is in line with the National IPM Roadmap goals and focus area of production agriculture, and will promote economic justification for pesticide use, pesticide stewardship, reducing potential human health risks, and minimizing environmental impact. Topics will include 1) understanding economic injury levels and economic thresholds; 2) use of non-pesticide IPM tactics using crop/pest scenarios applicable to North Dakota (e.g. alfalfa weevil management); 3) pest resistance management, including how resistance evolves and the importance of rotating pesticide mode of action; 4) using the correct pesticide application equipment and methods (e.g. drift reducing nozzles, proper nozzle configuration, adequate carrier volume, adjuvant use) to maximize control while preventing off-target pesticide movement; and 5) protecting pollinators and other beneficial organisms. These IPM topics will be presented in an interactive learning module created with Microsoft PowerPoint and incorporating Turning Point audience participation hardware ('clickers') and software that we currently have and use for commercial and private applicator trainings. The module also will contain a brief instructional video on how to use the NDSU Extension Pest Management App. This app was initially developed in 2014, and incorporates a wealth of pesticide and IPM information from several NDSU Extension pest management publications and disciplines, including weeds, insects, diseases, pesticide use rates and pesticide handling and application safety. This free app is available in Android and iOS, and has been downloaded 6,100 times since 2014. The app will complement the proposed IPM training. App information is updated at least annually, and the app continues to evolve with the addition of new pest management tools. Correct pest identification is the first step in successful IPM, and the addition of a photo library will assist app users, including pesticide applicators, in making proper pest management decisions.
Project Methods
Primary Priorities:IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops Six scouts will be hired each spring in different geographical areas of North Dakota to conduct the annual IPM Survey. Typically, scouts are undergraduate students from NDSU or other universities who are majoring in agronomy or other science disciplines. Five scouts are located off-campus at the Research Extension Centers (REC) of North Dakota: Langdon REC at Langdon in the northeast region, Carrington REC at Carrington in the east central region, North Central REC at Minot in the north central region, Williston REC at Williston in the northwestern region, and Dickinson REC at Dickinson in the southwestern region. Off-campus scouts will be supervised by Area Extension Specialists at each REC. One scout will work out of the NDSU campus in Fargo. Scouts are trained each year in mid-May and are provided with scouting protocols and equipment for accurate field scouting. Scouts will survey for the major insects pests and diseases of wheat, barley, soybean and sunflower from mid-May through mid-August. Insect pheromone trapping will be conducted for banded sunflower moth, sunflower head moth in sunflower and wheat midge in wheat. A half-time insect trap scout will be hired only at Langdon, Minot and Williston to assist with the heavy trapping load due to wheat midge traps that are operated in the northern part of North Dakota. During field visits, scouts will use a standard scouting protocol developed by State Extension Specialists. Scouts will record the crop, growth stage, date, GPS location, incidence and severity of pests, presence of beneficial arthropods and other variables in spreadsheets on their portable computers. Scouts use a handheld GPS unit for latitude and longitude coordinates. Scouts will email the field data to the administrative assistant in the Plant Pathology office at NDSU at the end of each week. All counties of North Dakota will be surveyed; however, not all crops surveyed are grown in all counties.Results of the IPM Survey will be presented at producer-oriented Extension meetings held in collaboration with North Dakota crop commodity groups. A minimum of six Extension meetings will be held at different venues throughout the state each year of the grant. These meetings have been very successful based on past evaluations of attendees. The level of participation also has been high with 75-350 people per meeting. Specific topics will be determined annually based on what pest problems occurred in the state. For example, if spider mites were a problem in soybeans, then IPM of spider mites would be discussed at meetings. This approach will allow Extension Specialists to present the latest science on pest management, and to promote the goals of the National Road Map for IPM to producers and other stakeholders in North Dakota. Face-to-face meetings also provide opportunity for stakeholders to interact with the Extension Specialists, and this is a main source of our stakeholder input.IPM for Pollinator Health Pollinator Extension Outreach in Collaboration with Michigan State University:Three extension publications will be produced in collaboration with Michigan State University's pollinator team of experts and their "Smart Gardening" campaign.The first collaborative Extension publication will be on the topic Pollination in vegetable gardens and fruit orchards, and will be published during 2017-2018. (Development lead: NDSU)The second collaborative Extension publication will be on the topic Pollinator Mimics in the Gardens, and will be published during 2018-2019. (Development lead: NDSU)The third collaborative Extension publication will be on the topic Endangered Pollinators - Butterflies and Bees, and will be published during 2019-2020. (Development lead: MSU)Model Pollinator Gardens: The model pollinator garden that was planted in 2016 at the Horticulture Research and Demonstration Garden on the NDSU campus will be used to train county Extension agents, Master Gardeners, horticulturalists, gardeners, homeowners and other stakeholders about the basics of building a pollinator gardening and how to use pesticides wisely through IPM.In 2018, county Extension agents and Master Gardeners will design and install ten model county pollinator gardens across the state in very visible locations to be used as public teaching gardens. Potential locations include Roosevelt Zoo in Minot, Red River Valley Zoo in Fargo, the Dakota Zoo in Bismarck, NDSU Dickinson Research Extension Center, the International Peace Gardens, the Myra Arboretum in Larimore, and the Dale E. Herman Research Arboretum in Absaraka among other prominent locations. The NDSU Horticulture Research and Demonstration Garden is a prominent community fixture and draws visitors on a daily basis during the growing season.The model county pollinator gardens will feature a large number of native annuals and perennials that produce pollen and nectar for many bee species and other pollinators. In addition, the public will be able to see which non-native ornamentals attract pollinators. A wide variety of plants will be chosen to provide nutrition for foraging bees from early spring through late fall. Plants will be clearly labeled so stakeholders will be able to identify plant species and cultivars conducive to pollinator health. A permanent garden sign also will be installed to explain the purpose of the garden as well as pollinator IPM practices. County Extension agents and Master Gardeners will offer extension educational tours of the 10 model county pollinator gardens to local community garden clubs and the general public throughout the growing season. A summer field day is also planned at the Horticulture Research and Demonstration Garden on the NDSU campus in Fargo. These educational events will inspire homeowners to plant or expand their existing gardens to provide habitat and food for local pollinators.Secondary Priorities:IPM Support for Pest Diagnostic Facilities The PDL has a 40+ year history of active engagement with producers, crop consultants, seed producers, NDSU Extension faculty and staff, nurseries, the NDDA, urban foresters and homeowners. Engagement with our stakeholders is primarily through sample submissions, pest identifications and IPM control recommendations, and direct communications with the North Dakota Department of Agriculture, the USDA APHIS and private industry seeking seed health and phytosanitary certification. Mr. Jesse Ostrander coordinates all PDL activities. Dr. Knodel and Mr. Beauzay will provide insect identification and IPM control recommendation training to the new Insect Diagnostician. The leadership team will provide orientation to the NDSU Extension Service networks the new hire will use. Communication channels with all stakeholders are already in place, and the new hire will work closely with Mr. Ostrander in communicating with stakeholders.IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators The IPM education module will be coordinated by Mr. Beauzay and Mr. Thostenson, and developed by Dr. Knodel, Mr. Beauzay, Mr. Thostenson, and Dr. Friskop. Myriad Mobile, an app development company that developed and maintains the NDSU Pest Management App, will construct the pest identification photo library for the app using images provided by Mr. Beauzay, Drs. Knodel and Friskop, and other Extension specialists. Mr. Thostenson will present the IPM module during his commercial/public applicator trainings. County Agents will present the IPM module during their private applicator trainings. County Agents will be trained on delivering the module at an in-service workshop held at the NDSU Fall Extension Conference in mid-October, and through recorded webinars developed by Mr. Thostenson. Mr. Beauzay will provide assistance to Mr. Thostenson as needed, and work closely with county agents. Mr. Beauzay will compile survey data, and the leadership team will disseminate results to stakeholders.

Progress 09/01/17 to 08/31/22

Outputs
Target Audience:?County, area and state extension specialists, producers, crop consultants, state crop commodity groups, agronomists, seed producers, pesticide applicators, Master Gardeners, horticulturalists, gardeners, homeowners, nurseries, the NDDA, urban foresters, the USDA APHIS, public consumers, and other stakeholders. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?IPM educational meetings and workshops were conducted in the winters each year. These meetings/workshops bring IPM information directly to ND crops producers, agribusiness, commodity groups and field scouts. Educating producers, field scouts, crop consultants/advisers and other interested stakeholders in pest identification and IPM strategies is fundamental to good stewardship practices. IPM outreach on agronomic crops or gardens were conducted at the following major meetings using year 2021: The annualEastern and Western Crop and Pest Management Schools are well-attended with >100 people at the Eastern Schooland >70 people at the Western School. Participants included students, university extension/research, producers, crop consultants, IPM scouts, and agronomy crop protection/seed company representatives. Unfortunately, the2021 Eastern Crop & Pest Management Schoolwas canceled due to COVID. Webinar 14th Annual Canola Research Conference, Virtual due to COVID. Nov. 5, 2020. Total audience = 40 people. NDSU / UM Commercial Pesticide Applicator Training at Fargo, Virtual due to COVID. Dec. 2, 2020. Total audience = >280 people. Central Dakota Ag Day, Dec.3, 2020. Total audience = 33 people. Webinar 23rd Annual Canola Expo, Virtual due to COVID. Dec. 8, 2020. Total audience = 40 people. Webinar Great Montana Ag Rally, Virtual due to COVID. Jan. 5, 2021. Total audience = 40 people. Webinar National Sunflower Association Research Forum, Virtual due to COVID. Jan. 13, 2021. Total audience = 108 people. Webinar Sunflower University NuSeed, Virtual due to COVID. Jan. 21, 2021. Total audience = 350 people. Webinar Best of the Best in Wheat and Soybean Research, Virtual due to COVID. Jan. 25, 2021. Total audience = 330 people. Webinar: 2021 Dry Bean: Getting It Right, Virtual due to COVID. Feb. 2, 2021. Total audience = 129 people. Webinar 2021 Best of the Best in Wheat Research and Marketing for Western North Dakota, Virtual due to COVID. Feb. 11, 2021. Total audience = 101 people. Virtual Getting It Right Soybean Production, Virtual due to COVID. Feb. 17, 2021. Total audience = 184 people. Virtual Centrol Roundtable meeting, Virtual due to COVID. March 4, 2021. Total audience = 49 people. 2021 Eastern Crop & Pest Management School, Fargo, ND. Canceled due to COVID. 2021 Western Crop and Pest Management School, Virtual due to COVID. March 10, 2021. Total audience = 61 people. Virtual Canola Getting It Right, Virtual due to COVID. March 16, 2021. Total audience = 117 people. Webinar Field to Fork 2020, Virtual due to COVID. March 24, 2021. Total audience = 108 people. Webinar NCERA 222 Annual Meeting, Virtual due to COVID. March 24, 2021. Total audience = 32 people. Webinar Spring Fever Gardening Forums, Virtual due to COVID. April 5, 2021. Total audience = 600 people. Good Bugs Webinar Series, Virtual due to COVID. June 23, 2021. Total audience = 61 people. Wheat Quality Tour Training Session, Virtual due to COVID. July 26, 2021. Total audience = 80 people. Sunflower Crop Survey Training for NSA, Sept. 2, 2021. Total audience = 25 International IPM training activities: Webinar International Ukraine Agricultural Crops Production Council on Wheat Pest Management", Sept. 10, 2020. Total audience = 20 companies with over 50 participants. Webinar International Ukraine Agricultural Crops Production Council on " Corn Pest Management", Nov. 23, 2020. Total audience = 35 companies with over 200 participates Webinar International Ukraine Agricultural Crops Production Council on " Canola Pest Management", Dec. 18, 2020. Total audience = 35 companies with over 300 participates Webinar International Ukraine Agricultural Crop Production Council on "Sunflower Insect Pest Management", Jan. 22, 2021. Total audience = 500 OUTCOMES: CHANGE IN KNOWLEDGE, ACTION AND CONDITION The evaluation surveys for the Eastern and Western Crop and Pest Management Schools indicated that the following IPM skills were learned by participants and students at the schools and that they plan to implement the skills they learned. Scouting times when certain insects and when infestations can occur. I am a little unfamiliar with crops such as dry beans, sunflowers, and canola. Learning about those more really helped me. The info about pest management. About weed ID when out scouting field for spraying weeds, the different IPM basics, learn hands on growth stages, crop diseases and insects on corn, wheat, soybean, dry bean, sunflower and canola. The disease and insect portions were very useful. Learning about new and emerging pests. Production issues for certain crops and how to manage those issues. I learned what to look for when scouting. This class was very informational and helpful. I was able to learn a lot from each topic. Accomplishments for the Extension IPM outreachon agronomic crops include the following summaries for 2017 through 2021: Delivered IPM-related presentations at educational meetings to approximately >150,000total participants and >250 program activities. Reached approximately >2.5 millionpeople through indirect activities (radio and television interviews, press releases). How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?IPM information from the IPM Program in North Dakota will be delivered via: NDSU Extension Service's newletter - Crop and Pest Report at https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/ag-hub/ag-topics/crop-production/crop-pest-report County Ag Alerts & Ag News releases AgDakota mail list IPM maps posted weekly on the NDSU IPM website at https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/ag-hub/ag-topics/crop-production/diseases-insects-and-weeds/integrated-pest-management IPM information is presented at extension meetings and field days (listed in previous question). Extension Horticultural webinars during summer Master Garden trainings and meetings NDSU Pesticide Quarterly newsletter and training certification meetings NDSU Plant Diagnostic Laboratory What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Primary Priorities: IPM Implementation in Agronomic Crops - Primary Priority Area This program emphasis area involves: 1) The statewide IPM Survey for economically important insect pests and diseases of four major agronomic crops (wheat, barley, soybean, sunflower) grown in North Dakota, and 2) Extension IPM education on agronomic crops to stakeholders throughout North Dakota in collaboration with commodity groups. Survey scouts and insect trappers operated out of the Dickinson Research Extension Center, the North Central Research Extension Center (Minot), the Williston Research Extension Center, the Carrington Research Extension Center, the Langdon Research Extension Center, and the Fargo Agricultural Experiment Station. Planned activities are in progress includehiring of scouts and insect trappers; purchasing supplies; and organizing of IPM training materials for the IPM Scouts and trappers. The IPM Scout Training for field scouts and trappers were trained at Carrington Research and Extension Center or via Zoom webinars during COVID. Data from scout and insect trappers are mapped near real-time and posted on:https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/ag-hub/ag-topics/crop-production/diseases-insects-and-weeds/integrated-pest-managementfor stakeholders to use. The NDSU Extension Crop & Pest Report isproduced throughout the summer, and is availalbe athttps://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/ag-hub/ag-topics/crop-production/crop-pest-report IPM data is distributed in articles through the Crop & Pest Report. Evaluations are conductedfor the IPM Crop Survey via our NDSU Extension Crop & Pest Report.An NDSU Extension Impact Statement 2021 was created and entitled"Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Crop Survey Reduces Pesticide Inputs and Increases Farm Profitability."https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/impactstatements/impact-statements/2021-impact-statements/21state-knodel-cm.pdf/view IMPACTS indicated 92% increased knowledge about pestsand IPM. Behavoir changes included: indentified pests(87%), used scouting protocols (74%),economic thresholds (75%)and IPM pest maps for making IPM decisions. Long-term changes in condition include: Reduced pesticide input and risk by following economic thresholdsand alternative management practices Lower human health risk due to lower pesticide exposure Reduced risk of pests developing pesticide resistance Conservation of beneficial organisms 56.2% of respondents indicated increased profitability by using IPM practices IPM for Pollinator Health - Primary Priority Area The NDSU Extension Master Gardener Program has instituted a grant process by which Master Gardeners and their NDSU Extension agents can apply for funding to build a pollinator garden. For Pollinator Extension Outreach in collaboration with Michigan State University, we have had several conference calls with the pollinator team of Michigan State University and developed three pollinator fact sheets:Pollination in vegetable gardens and fruit orchards H1898, August 2018,Insects That Look Like Bees E1914, April 2019, andMeet the Threatened Rare and Endangered Insect Pollinators of North Dakota E1977, August 2020. Accomplishments for the Extension IPM outreachon pollinator health include the following summaries for 2017 through 2021: Mid-term Impacts: 17 new Certified Pollinator Gardens (program total now 174), indicating participants applied what they learned. Long-term Impacts: 35,910 square feet in newly Certified Pollinator Gardens (program total now 4.6 million square feet). Secondary Priorities: IPM Support for Pest Diagnostic Facilities - Secondary Priorities The North Dakota State University Plant Diagnostic Lab (PDL) helps agricultural producers and professionals, horticulture and urban forestry professionals, university researchers and homeowners identify plant pests, one of the keys of IPM. One of our goals was to hire and train an insect diagnostician as part of the PDL, which was accomplished. Mr. Alexander Knudson was hired on March 29, 2018 as the insect diagnostician of PDL. IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators - Secondary Priorities For the NDSU Extension Pesticide Training and Certification Program, our goal is to include basic IPM education modules as part of the NDSU Extension Pesticide Training and Certification Program. A selected IPM topic was 'Pest Resistance Management,' including how resistance evolves and the importance of rotating pesticide mode of action. Preliminary results on the 'Pest Resistance Management' focused on insecticide resistant soybean aphids as an important problem in the state. Pest resistance management was presented by Dr. Knodel at the Pesticide Training and Certification Program(approximately 320 pesticide applicants). Managing a New Threat to Soybean Production in ND: Insecticide Resistant Soybean Aphids Widespread partial or complete failure of the pyrethroid insecticides bifenthrin and lambda-cyhalothrin were reported throughout eastern North Dakota and western Minnesota in 2017. Extension entomologists from North Dakota State University, the University of Minnesota, South Dakota State University and Iowa State University collaborated on a multi-state fact sheet targeted at managing pyrethroid-resistant soybean aphids. This publication "Management of insecticide-resistant soybean aphids E1878" was released in March2018 and revised in 2022. Soybean aphids from several North Dakota fields with suspected pyrethroid failure were bioassay, and partial to complete resistance to bifenthrin and/or lambda-cyhalothrin was confirmed. NDSU Extension Entomology created a PowerPoint presentation on managing resistant soybean aphids, which was presented during statewide pesticide applicator trainings. The presentation also contained a short survey to assess learning on the topic of resistance management. Impacts and Outcomes Increase Awareness of Pesticide applicators, Growers, Crop Consultants, and Ag dealers on the factors that lead to the development of insecticide resistance. Polling questions from theNDSU / UM Commercial Pesticide Applicator Training indicated that 75% of participants increased their knowledge on how to manage insecticide resistance. Change their Behavior on how to manage soybean aphids to include: Use Economic Threshold and treat fields only when necessary; Ensure insecticide application is properly performed; Rotate mode of action (or insecticide class) if more than one applications is necessary in a season; Use other integrated pest management (IPM) strategies, such as soybean aphid resistant soybean varieties (Rag genes) and conserve biological control agents (predators and parasitoids). Another pesticide IPM training module is focusing on how to use the NDSU Extension Pest Management App. Success of the NDSU Extension Pest Management App The NDSU Extension Pest Management App is a smart-device application that incorporates information from several NDSU Extension products, including the North Dakota Weed Control Guide, the North Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guide and the North Dakota Field Crop Plant Disease Management Guide. The app contains pest management information for 16 field crops, pesticide efficacy tables,a recently added photo submission tool, and a link to the NDSU Extension calendar of events. Once a management strategy is selected, the user can view rates, mode of action, general information and additional resources. A new feature on pest identification, a foundation of IPM, was added to the app this year.To help document the usefulness of the app in the Northern Great Plains and Canada, there were about 1,000 active users of the app. https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/ag-hub/ag-topics/crop-production/tools/ndsu-pest-management-app Impacts and Outcomes More than 50 photos submitted for pest identification Google Play Store rating of 4.2 (out of 5) Helps producers and applicators make informed management decisions that increase on-farm profit and protect the environment.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Aita, R.C., D.T. Pezzini, E.C. Burkness, C.D. DiFonzo, D.L. Finke, T.E. Hunt, J.J. Knodel, C.H. Krupke, L. Marchi-Werle, B. McCornack, A.P. Michel, .R. Philips, N.J. Seiter, A.J. Varenhorst, R.J. Wright, W.D. Hutchison, and R.L. Koch. 2021. PresenceAbsence Sampling Plans for Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in the Midwest Region of the United States. J. Econ. Entomol. 114(3):1362-1372. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab076
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Maya Subedi, H.A. Carcamo, J.J. Knodel, D.K. Weaver, R.D. Cuthbert, C.J. Pozniak, K.T. Nilsen, and B.L Beres. 2021. Stability analysis of stem solidness, grain yield and grain protein concentration in spring wheat. Canadian J. Pl. Sci. 101(4): 456-475. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2020-0089
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J., P.B. Beauzay, S.D. Eigenbrode, J. Hennessey, T.J. Prochaska, G.V. P. Reddy, A.J. Varenhorst, P.M. Wagner, and K.W. Wanner. 2021. Part II. Insect Pests and Their Natural Enemies. In APS Compendium of Pea Diseases and Pests, 3rd edition, R.M. Harveson, J.S. Pasche, L. Porter, W. Chen, and M. Burrows (editors). 130 pp.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Friskop, A., Markell, S., and Khan, M. 2020. 2021 North Dakota Field Crop Plant Disease Management Guide. NDSU Ext., PP622 (revised).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Knodel, J.J., P. Beauzay, M.A. Boetel and T.J. Prochaska. 2020. 2021 North Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guide. NDSU Ext., E1143 (revised).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Calles-Torrez, V., P.B. Beauzay, A.H. Knudson and J.J. Knodel. 2020. Soybean Gall Midge and White-mold Gall Midge in Soybean E2006. NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND. (*Printing supported by USDA NIFA CCPM EIP)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Calles-Torrez, V. and J.J. Knodel. 2020. Common Arthropod Pests of Corn E2004. NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND. (*Printing supported by USDA NIFA CCPM EIP)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. and V. Calles-Torrez, V. 2020. Common Arthropod Pests of Soybean E2005. NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND. (*Printing supported by USDA NIFA CCPM EIP)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J., P. Beauzay, and A. Chirumamilla. 2020. IPM  Insect Pest Management. In Sunflower Production A1331 (revised). H. Kandel (editor), NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Lowenstein, D.L., N. Walton, P. Beauzay, V. Calles-Torrez, G. Fauske, E. McGinnis and J. Knodel. 2020. Meet the Rare, Threatened and Endangered Insect Pollinators of North Dakota E1977. NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND. (*Printing supported by USDA NIFA CCPM EIP)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Calles-Torrez, V., E. McGinnis, B. Laschkewitsch, H. Hatterman-Valenti and J. Knodel. 2020. Pollinator Preferences for Selected Aster, False Indigo, Bee Balm and Sedum Flowers in North Dakota H1962. NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Calles-Torrez, V., P. Beauzay, T.J. Prochaska and J.J. Knodel. 2021. Common Natural Enemies of Insect Pests E2013. NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND. (*Printing supported by USDA NIFA CCPM EIP)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. and Collaborators. 2021. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Crop Survey Reduces Pesticide Inputs and Increases Farm Profitability. NDSU Extension Impact Statement. https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/impactstatements/impact-statements/2021-impact-statements/21state-knodel-cm.pdf/view
  • Type: Websites Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: There were 19 issues of the NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report with many IPM articles on arthropod pests, diseases, weeds and crop productions. There are too many articles to list, but each issue is filled with pertinent IPM information for growers and stakeholders. Please visit our website for more information: https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/ag-hub/ag-topics/crop-production/crop-pest-report


Progress 09/01/20 to 08/31/21

Outputs
Target Audience:County, area and state extension specialists, producers, crop consultants, state crop commodity groups, agronomists, seed producers, pesticide applicators, Master Gardeners, horticulturalists, gardeners, homeowners, nurseries, the NDDA, urban foresters, the USDA APHIS, public consumers, and other stakeholders. Changes/Problems:We requested and received a12-month no-cost extension for this EIP grant, which will now end8/31/2022. This was primarily due to COVID and not be able to work with people face-to-face. The IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators is used as an example below. The COVID-19 heavily impacted our training approach this past year. Instead of our traditional face to face trainings, we selected a blend of methods: live webinar; relatively small hosted trainings where a handful of applicators gathered in multiple County Extension Offices for a Zoom based training originating from the main campus; finally, we held traditional face to face trainings with limited applicators numbers to facilitate social distancing requirements. Approximately 45% of our applicators attended webinars. 20% of the applicators chose small hosted events and the balance, 35% chose face to face trainings. NO adverse health outcomes were observed. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Extension meetings/workshops brought IPM information directly to ND crops producers, agribusiness, commodity groups and field scouts. Educating producers, field scouts, crop consultants/advisers and other interested stakeholders in pest identification and IPM strategies is fundamental to good stewardship practices. IPM outreach on agronomic crops or gardens were conducted at the following major meetings: Webinar 14th Annual Canola Research Conference, Virtual due to COVID. Nov. 5, 2020. Total audience = 40 people. NDSU / UM Commercial Pesticide Applicator Training at Fargo, Virtual due to COVID. Dec. 2, 2020. Total audience = 457 people. Central Dakota Ag Day, Dec.3, 2020. Total audience = 33 people. Webinar 23rd Annual Canola Expo, Virtual due to COVID. Dec. 8, 2020. Total audience = 40 people. Webinar Great Montana Ag Rally, Virtual due to COVID. Jan. 5, 2021. Total audience = 40 people. Webinar National Sunflower Association Research Forum, Virtual due to COVID. Jan. 13, 2021. Total audience = 108 people. Webinar Sunflower University NuSeed, Virtual due to COVID. Jan. 21, 2021. Total audience = 350 people. Webinar Best of the Best in Wheat and Soybean Research, Virtual due to COVID. Jan. 25, 2021. Total audience = 330 people. Webinar: 2021 Dry Bean: Getting It Right, Virtual due to COVID. Feb. 2, 2021. Total audience = 129 people. Webinar 2021 Best of the Best in Wheat Research and Marketing for Western North Dakota, Virtual due to COVID. Feb. 11, 2021. Total audience = 101 people. Virtual Getting It Right Soybean Production, Virtual due to COVID. Feb. 17, 2021. Total audience = 184 people. Virtual Centrol Roundtable meeting, Virtual due to COVID. March 4, 2021. Total audience = 49 people. 2021 Eastern Crop & Pest Management School, Fargo, ND. Canceled due to COVID. 2021 Western Crop and Pest Management School, Virtual due to COVID. March 10, 2021. Total audience = 61 people. Virtual Canola Getting It Right, Virtual due to COVID. March 16, 2021. Total audience = 117 people. Webinar Field to Fork 2020, Virtual due to COVID. March 24, 2021. Total audience = 108 people. Webinar NCERA 222 Annual Meeting, Virtual due to COVID. March 24, 2021. Total audience = 32 people. Webinar Spring Fever Gardening Forums, Virtual due to COVID. April 5, 2021. Total audience = 600 people. Good Bugs Webinar Series, Virtual due to COVID. June 23, 2021. Total audience = 61 people. Wheat Quality Tour Training Session, Virtual due to COVID. July 26, 2021. Total audience = 80 people. Sunflower Crop Survey Training for NSA, Sept. 2, 2021. Total audience = 25 International IPM training activities: Webinar International Ukraine Agricultural Crops Production Council on Wheat Pest Management", Sept. 10, 2020. Total audience = 20 companies with over 50 participants. Webinar International Ukraine Agricultural Crops Production Council on " Corn Pest Management", Nov. 23, 2020. Total audience = 35 companies with over 200 participates Webinar International Ukraine Agricultural Crops Production Council on " Canola Pest Management", Dec. 18, 2020. Total audience = 35 companies with over 300 participates Webinar International Ukraine Agricultural Crop Production Council on "Sunflower Insect Pest Management", Jan. 22, 2021. Total audience = 500 In addition, IPM training were conducted at 2021 NDSU Field Days at: July 13 Hettinger REC Field Day July 14 Dickinson REC Field Day July 14 Williston REC Field Day -dryland tour July 15 Williston REC Field Day -irrigated tour July 19 Agronomy Seed Farm Field Day, Casselton July 20 Carrington REC Field Day July 21 North Central REC Field Day, Minot July 22 Langdon REC Field Day & Canola Tour August 25 SHARE Farm Mooreton Field Day, In person + Virtual, 300 people How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?IPM information from the NDSU Extension IPM Program of North Dakota was delivered via: NDSU Extension's newsletter, Crop and Pest Report, available through the internet web (https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/ag-hub/ag-topics/crop-production/crop-pest-report), Facebook, smart phone or electronic mail list NDSU Extension Pest Management App for smart devices County Ag Alerts & NDSU Ag News releases AgDakota mail list IPM maps posted weekly on the NDSU IPM website at https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/ndipm/ Please note that the IPM website will be changing in the near future. IPM information is presented at extension meetings and field days (listed in previous question). Extension Horticultural webinars during summer Master Garden trainings and meetings The Dirt - North Dakota Master Gardener Program Newsletter NDSU Pesticide Quarterly newsletter and training certification meetings NDSU Plant Diagnostic Laboratory What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops Continue the educational and evaluation efforts with IPM trainings / workshops / field days. Coordinate the upcoming 2022 IPM Crop Survey on wheat, barley, soybean and sunflower in North Dakota. Coordinate the upcoming 2022 NDSU Extension Crop & Pest Report activities. Update the NDSU Extension IPM and Crop & Pest Report webpages to provide near real-time information on IPM and its major pests pf agriculture. IPM for Pollinator Health Continue to expand our pollinator teaching gardens and education of pollinator health through new pollinator IPM publications and meetings, field days and workshops. IPM Support for Pest Diagnostic Facilities Due to NIFA EIP budget cutbacks, this objective was removed from our new NIFA EIP grant, Extension IPM Program of North Dakota, for the 2021-2024 period. IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators Continue to expand our basic IPM education modules with the NDSU Extension Pesticide Training and Certification Program, and conduct evaluations using remote audience devices.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Primary Priorities: IPM Implementation in Agronomic Crops - Primary Priority Area The IPM (Integrated Pest Management) Crop Survey helps ND farmers, crop consultants, and ag audiences stay up-to-date on important diseases and insect pests of wheat, barley, soybean and sunflower in North Dakota. Eight IPM scouts and insect trappers operated out of Research Extension Centers located in different areas of North Dakota and the Fargo Agricultural Experiment Station. A total of 7 trainings were conducted via webinars due to COVID. NDSU IPM scouts surveyed a total of 678 wheat fields (winter wheat, hard red spring wheat, durum wheat) and 119 barley fields for 18 diseases and 6 insect pests in North Dakota.In wheat, IPM scouts trapped for three economic pests - wheat midge, black cutworm andarmyworm. NDSU IPM scouts also surveyed a total of 539 soybean fields and 299 sunflower fields in North Dakota during 2021. IPM survey data/maps provided near real-time pest information to North Dakota producers and other stakeholders in agriculture to assist with scouting and pest management decision-making. Survey results also identify future new pests to ND, such as soybean gall midge. Pest maps from the 2021 IPM Survey in North Dakota were uploaded weekly to the NDSU IPM website. Please note that the website address will be changing. The webpage received over 1,713 visits from 13 countries between September 1, 2020 through August 31, 2021. Those visits resulted in 8,398 pageviews and 55.1% of users were new visitors to the website. NDSU Extension Crop & Pest Report To provide timely and critical updates to the agricultural community, NDSU Extension publishes the Crop & Pest Report (CPR) from May through September. The CPR can be accessed via the internet, Facebook, smart phone or electronic mail list. The CPR had 19issues.A total of 90 articles on IPM was published and distributed to approximately 6,278 subscribers, about 46 articles (51%) were directly related to this EIP grant.Readers of the CPR are primarily farmers, agronomists of fertilizer/chemical/seed companies, university Extension/research workers and crop consultants. The webpage received over 152,666 visits from 131 countries between September 1, 2020 through October 31, 2021. Those visits resulted in 260,501 pageviews and 84.4% of users were new visitors to the website. Highlights of the 2020-21 evaluation survey include: For short-term outcomes, readers agreed: • 91.6% agreed that the IPM information was timely • 91.5% indicated increased knowledge about insects and diseases and management • 94.8% agreed that the information provided on pests, IPM and crop production was reliable and unbiased Readers indicated that they learned or changed behavior:? 87% used pest identification 90.9% used pictures/videos of pests, pest damage or crop problems 73.5% used IPM maps of pest incidence and severity 74% used recommended pest scouting protocols 75% used economic/action thresholds to make pest management decisions 74.3% used recommended pest management options for control By using IPM practices, readers agreed that the following long-term benefits are achieved. Reduced pesticide input by following economic threshold guidelines and alternative management practices Lower human health risk due to lower pesticide exposure through safe handling and application Reduced environmental impact Reduced risk of pests developing pesticide resistance Conservation of beneficial organisms Increased farm sustainability 56.2% of respondents indicated increased profitability by using IPM practices Feedback "The North Dakota Wheat Commission will utilize these survey results in their annual research review meeting, to focus funding efforts on helping producers combat these issues, and help researchers continue to develop resistance, or management strategies to mitigate or eliminate crop impact." (Source: Dakota Gold, Vol. 37, No. 2, November 2020. North Dakota Wheat Commission.) IPM for Pollinator Health - Primary Priority Area For Pollinator Extension Outreach, a NDSU Extension fact sheet entitled Meet the Rare, Threatened and Endangered Insect Pollinators of North Dakota E1977, was published in 2020 collaboration with the pollinator team from Michigan State University Extension. In 2020, the NDSU Extension Master Gardener Program certified 28 new or retrofitted pollinator gardens in North Dakota and Minnesota totaling 169,439 square feet. Due to the pandemic, most gardening workshops, tours, and field days were canceled. However, an outdoor butterfly release event occurred in Oakes, ND. In 2021, the NDSU Extension Master Gardener Program certified 27 new or retrofitted pollinator gardens in 9 North Dakota counties and 3 Minnesota counties totaling 40,802 square feet. Two virtual/recorded pollinator presentations were given to audiences in Grand Forks and Wahpeton totaling 360 individuals. A live presentation was given in Bismarck to 18 individuals and a pollinator workshop was conducted in Forman for 21 individuals. Furthermore, a field day was held at the NDSU Horticultural Research Farm and the 275 participants could tour the pollinator plantings at the site. We planned to have both adult and youth pollinator events at our campus field day in September. However, this field day was rained out. IPM Support for Pest Diagnostic Facilities - Secondary Priorities The North Dakota State University Plant Diagnostic Lab (PDL) helps agricultural producers and professionals, horticulture and urban forestry professionals, university researchers and homeowners identify plant pests, one of the keys of IPM. From 9/1/20 - 8/31/21 the Plant Diagnostic Lab processed over 3800 samples. Our lab provided IPM advice for approximately 380 plant disease and 663 insect identification requests. About 77% of users of lab indicated that they used what they learned about IPM to manage their respective pest. The Entomological Diagnostician resigned from his PDL position in June 4, 2021 to finish his Ph.D. in Entomology. This is a loss to the PDL in term of accurate and prompt insect identifications, and IPM recommendations. IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators - Secondary Priorities For the NDSU Extension Pesticide Training and Certification Program, our goal is to include basic IPM education modules as part of the NDSU Extension Pesticide Training and Certification Program. The selected IPM topic was "Wireworm IPM in Field Crops" that was pre-recorded by Dr. Knodel for the webinar-based2020 Pesticide Training and Certification Program with >457 commercial pesticide applicants attending. In summary, there were about 1,681 commercial pesticide applicators and 5,066 private pesticide applicators were trained on IPM at a total of 251 meetings/webinars in the state of North Dakota. The NDSU Extension Pest Management App is a smart-device application that incorporates information from several NDSU Extension products, including the North Dakota Weed Control Guide, the North Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guide and the North Dakota Field Crop Plant Disease Management Guide. The app contains IPM information for 16 field crops (added 4 additional crops in the past two years), a photo submission tool, pesticide efficacy tables, and a pest photo library. Once a management strategy is selected, the user can view rates, mode of action, general information and additional resources. This apps helps producers and applicators make informed management decisions that increase on-farm profit and helps protect the environment. To help document the usefulness of the app in the Northern Great Plains and Canada, there were 458 unique active users of the app on Android devices in the past year. Although a direct comparison is difficult to obtain, we expect that the number of unique users on Apple devices to be higher. The combination of the two platforms likely means over 1000 active users of the app.

Publications

  • Type: Websites Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: The NDSU Extension IPM website was updated to include new information in 2021. It is available at: https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/ndipmu Please note that the NDSU Extension IPM website will be changing in the near future.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. Grasshopper update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #7 (June 10, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #8 (June 17, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. Cereal aphids on wheat heads. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #10 (July 1, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #11 (July 8, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. Armyworm and black cutworm trapping network. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #11 (July 8, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #12 (July 15, 2021).
  • Type: Websites Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: The NDSU Extension Crop & Pest Report website was updated to include new IPM information. It is available at: https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/ag-hub/ag-topics/crop-production/crop-pest-report
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J., Beauzay, P.B., Friskop, A., and Markell, S. 2021. IPM crop survey starts in ND and MN. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #6 (June 3, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Prochaska, T.J., and Knodel, J.J. 2021. Early season grasshopper emergence. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #4 (May 20, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. Cereal aphids in wheat and barley. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #7 (June 10, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. Scout for banded sunflower moth eggs. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #12 (July 15, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. Armyworm and black cutworm trapping network. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #12 (July 15, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Beauzay, P.B., and Knodel, J.J. 2021. Which insecticide is best for grasshopper control? NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #12 (July 15, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #13 (July 22, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. Armyworm and black cutworm trapping network. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #13 (July 22, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. Scout for red sunflower seed weevil. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #14 (July 29, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #14 (July 29, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. Armyworm and black cutworm trapping network. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #14 (July 29, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #15 (August 5, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. Continue to scout for sunflower insects. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #15 (August 5, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. Armyworm and black cutworm trapping network. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #15 (August 5, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #16 (August 12, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2021. Continue to scout for sunflower insects. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #16 (August 12, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J., Friskop, A., Beauzay, P., and Markell, S. 2021. 2021 IPM survey - wheat and barley. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #19 (September 23, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J., Friskop, A., Beauzay, P., and Markell, S. 2021 IPM survey - soybean and sunflower. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #19 (September 23, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Friskop, A. 2021. Disease Observations in Wheat. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #10 (July 1, 2021).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Knodel, J.J., P. Beauzay, M.A. Boetel, T.J. Prochaska and A. Chirumamilla. 2020. 2021 North Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guide E1143 (revised). NDSU Ext.,2Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Calles-Torrez, V., P.B. Beauzay, A.H. Knudson and J.J. Knodel. 2020. Soybean Gall Midge and White-mold Gall Midge in Soybean E2006. NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND. (*Printing supported by USDA NIFA CCPM EIP)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Calles-Torrez, V. and J.J. Knodel. 2020. Common Arthropod Pests of Corn E2004. NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND. (*Printing supported by USDA NIFA CCPM EIP)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Knodel, J.J. and V. Calles-Torrez, V. 2020. Common Arthropod Pests of Soybean E2005. NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND. (*Printing supported by USDA NIFA CCPM EIP)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Lowenstein, D.L., N. Walton, P. Beauzay, V. Calles-Torrez, G. Fauske, E. McGinnis and J. Knodel. 2020. Meet the Rare, Threatened and Endangered Insect Pollinators of North Dakota E1977. NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND. (*Printing supported by USDA NIFA CCPM EIP)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Calles-Torrez, V., P. Beauzay, T.J. Prochaska and J.J. Knodel. 2021. Common Natural Enemies of Insect Pests E2013. NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND. (*Printing supported by USDA NIFA CCPM EIP)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Knodel, J.J. and Collaborators. 2021. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Crop Survey Reduces Pesticide Inputs and Increases Farm Profitability. NDSU Extension Impact Statement. https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/impactstatements/impact-statements/2021-impact-statements/21state-knodel-cm.pdf/view


Progress 09/01/19 to 08/31/20

Outputs
Target Audience:County, area and state extension specialists, producers, crop consultants, state crop commodity groups, agronomists, seed producers, pesticide applicators, Master Gardeners, horticulturalists, gardeners, homeowners, nurseries, the NDDA, urban foresters, the USDA APHIS, public consumers, and other stakeholders. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Extension meetings/workshops brought IPM information directly to ND crops producers, agribusiness, commodity groups and field scouts. Educating producers, field scouts, crop consultants/advisers and other interested stakeholders in pest identification and IPM strategies is fundamental to good stewardship practices. IPM training was conducted at the following major meetings: NDSU / UM Commercial Pesticide Applicator Training at Fargo - Nov. 30, 2018. Total audience = >289 people. Certified Crop Advisor Training, January 3-4, 2019, Fargo, ND. Total audience = 32 people. The Northern Corn-Soybean Expo, February 12, 2019, Fargo, ND. Total audience = >600 people. The Best of the Best in Wheat Research, February 5, 2019, Minot, ND. Total audience = 75 people. The Best of the Best in Wheat and Soybean Research and Marketing, February 14, 2019, Grand Forks, ND. Total audience = 280 people. The Best of the Best in Wheat and Soybean Research and Marketing, February 15, 2019, Moorhead, MN. Total audience = 220 people. 2019 Master Gardener Core Course, February 22, 2019, Fargo, ND. Total audience = 105 people. 2019 Eastern Crop & Pest Management School, February 26-27, 2019, Fargo, ND. Total audience = 74 people. 2019 Western Crop & Pest Management School, March 5-6, 2019, Minot, ND. Total audience = 109 people. NDSU Extension Field to Fork Webinar Series, April 3, 2019. Total audience = >100 people. In addition, IPM training were conducted at 2019 NDSU Field Days at: July 9 Hettinger REC Field Day July 10 Dickinson REC Field Day July 11 Williston REC Field Day July 12 Nesson Valley Irrigation Field Day, Williston July 15 Agronomy Seed Farm Field Day, Casselton July 16 Carrington REC Field Day July 17 North Central REC Field Day, Minot July 18 Langdon REC Field Day & Canola Tour How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?IPM information from the IPM Program in North Dakota was delivered via: NDSU Extension's newletter, Crop and Pest Report, available through the internet web (https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/cpr/), Facebook, smart phone or electronic mail list NDSU Extension Pest Management App for smart devices County Ag Alerts & NDSU Ag News releases AgDakota mail list IPM maps posted weekly on the NDSU IPM website at https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/ndipm/ IPM information is presented at extension meetings and field days (listed in previous question). Extension Horticultural webinars during summer Master Garden trainings and meetings The Dirt - North Dakota Master Gardener Program Newsletter NDSU Pesticide Quarterly newsletter and training certification meetings NDSU Plant Diagnostic Laboratory What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops Continue the educational and evaluation efforts with IPM trainings / workshops / field days. Coordinate the upcoming 2020 IPM Crop Survey on wheat, barley, soybean and sunflower in North Dakota. Update the NDSU Extension IPM and Crop &Pest Report webpages to provide near real-time information on IPM and its major pests pf agriculture. IPM for Pollinator Health Continue to expand our pollinator teaching gardens and education of pollinator health through new pollinator IPM publications and meetings, field days and workshops. IPM Support for Pest Diagnostic Facilities Continue to update Extension Entomology publications with IPM information, and provide IPM basics to the people of North Dakota. IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators Continue to expand our basic IPM education modules with the NDSU Extension Pesticide Training and Certification Program, and conduct evaluations using remote audience devices.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? IPM Implementation in Agronomic Crops - Primary Priority Area The purpose of the IPM (Integrated Pest Management) Survey is to detect the presence and population levels of diseases and insect pests that are common in barley, wheat, soybeans and sunflowers grown in North Dakota. Ten survey scouts or insect trappers operated out of the Dickinson Research Extension Center (REC), the North Central REC (Minot), the Carrington REC, the Langdon REC, the Williston REC and the Fargo Agricultural Experiment Station. NDSU IPM field scouts surveyed a total of 902 wheat fields (winter wheat, hard red spring wheat, durum wheat) and 103 barley fields for 18 diseases and 6 insect pests in North Dakota in 2019.In addition, scouts surveyed a total of 489 soybean fields and 144 sunflower fields for 3 diseases and 8 insect pests. The survey ran fromJune through mid-August. IPM survey data/maps provided near real-time pest information to North Dakota producers and other stakeholders in agriculture to assist with scouting and pest management decision-making. Pest maps from the 2019 IPM Survey in North Dakota were uploaded weekly to the NDSU IPM website. The IPM website has received 1,238 visits from 10 countries between September 1, 2018 through August 31, 2019. Those visits resulted in 4,072 page views and 50% of users were new visitors to the website. NDSU Extension Crop & Pest Report To provide timely and critical updates to the agricultural community, NDSU Extension publishes the Crop & Pest Report (CPR) from May through September. The CPR can be accessed via the internet, Facebook, smart phone or electronic mail list. The NDSU Extension Crop & Pest Report had 16 weekly issues. A total of 73 articles on IPM was published and distributed to approximately 5,536 subscribers. Readers of the CPR are primarily farmers, agronomists of fertilizer/chemical/seed companies, university Extension/research workers and crop consultants. In 2019, the CPR webpage received over 129,189 visits from 143 countries resulting in 173,775 page views. In 2019, 83% of users were new visitors to the website. Highlights of the 2019 evaluation survey include: 90% of readers indicated that the CPR provided timely information, and was a reliable source of unbiased science-based information. 98% of readers reported sharing information from the CPR with other professionals. 78% of readers said that they increased their knowledge on pests, integrated pest management (IPM) or crop production. Readers indicated that they learned from the following topics in the 2019 CPR: 87% used pictures of pests, crop damage from pests and other crop problems. 85% used pest identification information. 73% used pest scouting and economic thresholds for pest management. 73% used IPM Survey maps of pest incidences/severity. 66% used NDSU Extension pesticide recommendations and production guidelines. 56% of readers said that at least one article that increased their profitability in 2019. 96% of readers rated the quality of the 2019 CPR as 'good to excellent' compared to other sources. IPM for Pollinator Health - Primary Priority Area For Pollinator Extension Outreach in collaboration with Michigan State University, a fact sheet entitled Insects that Look Like Bees E1914 was published in collaboration with the pollinator team from Michigan State University Extension. During the 2019 season, the NDSU Extension Master Gardener Program designed and planted three new pollinator teaching gardens in the following counties: Burleigh (on Main Avenue in Bismarck), Mountrail (Nueta Hidatsa Sahnish College in New Town) and Richland (Chahinkapa Zoo). In addition, we expanded the pollinator garden at the Red River Zoo. The gardens showcase annual and perennial flowers and sustainable practices that attract and nourish bees and butterflies. All of the gardens are located in prominent areas that are accessible by the general public. We reach over 420 people at four field days that had a pollinator component: Williston REC horticulture tour (July 10, 2019) = 30 people; 4H Plant Sciences Day at Absaraka (August 7, 2019) = 15 people; NDSU Horticulture Research Farm Field Day (August 7, 2019) = 175 people and NDSU Campus Field Day (September 5, 2019) = 200 people. Finally, we certified 40 gardens as meeting our pollinator objectives. These are either new gardens or gardens that were retrofitted to attract pollinators. IPM Support for Pest Diagnostic Facilities - Secondary Priorities The North Dakota State University Plant Diagnostic Lab (PDL) helps agricultural producers and professionals, horticulture and urban forestry professionals, university researchers and homeowners identify plant pests, one of the keys of IPM. From 9/1/18 - 8/31/19, the Plant Diagnostic Lab processed over 3808 samples. Our lab provided management advice regarding plant pathogens or diseases for approximately 500 disease identification requests. The lab processed approximately 400 insect identification requests, of which approximately 90% of submitters were receptive to implementing appropriate integrated pest management strategies to control their respective insect pests. The Entomological Diagnostician participated in one radio interview regarding insect pests where IPM management strategies and life histories of insects were explained. He taught undergraduate and graduate students at NDSU (Plant Pathology: 457/657) in two guest lectures regarding the identification, biology, and management of landscape insect pests. He also helped train field scouts during the 2019 Eastern Crop and Pest Management School. He attended an Integrated Pest Management course at NDSU (Entomology: 631),and attended a training workshop about the control and management of the Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) in order to supplement his IPM knowledge and better serve the people of North Dakota. IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators - Secondary Priorities For the NDSU Extension Pesticide Training and Certification Program, our goal is to include basic IPM education modules as part of the NDSU Extension Pesticide Training and Certification Program. The selected IPM topic was 'Pest Resistance Management,' including how resistance evolves and the importance of rotating pesticide mode of action. Preliminary results on the 'Pest Resistance Management' focused on insecticide resistant soybean aphids as an important problem that is currently happening in the state. Pest resistance management was presented by Dr. Knodel at the 2018 Pesticide Training and Certification Program held in November with approximately 289 pesticide applicants attending. In summary, there were about 1,842 commercial pesticide applicators and 2,422 private pesticide applicators that were trained on IPM at a total of 220 meetings in the state of North Dakota. NDSU Extension Pest Management App TheNDSU Extension Pest Management Appis a smart-device application that incorporates information from several NDSU Extension products, including theNorth Dakota Weed Control Guide, theNorth Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guideand theNorth Dakota Field Crop Plant Disease Management Guide. The app contains IPM information for 11 field crops, a photo submission tool, and a link to the NDSU Extension calendar of events. Once a management strategy is selected, the user can view rates, mode of action, general information and additional resources. This apps helps producers and applicators make informed management decisions that increase on-farm profit and helps protect the environment. A new feature on pest identification, a foundation of IPM, was added to the app this year, a Pest Photo library. Currently, over 350 photos of diseases, insects and weeds found in ten agronomic crops of North Dakota have been uploaded. It is anticipated that another 250 to 500 photos will be added soon to help users with pest diagnosis. Over the past three years, the app has been downloaded over 4,000 times.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Royer, T.A. and J.J. Knodel. 2019. Sunflower moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Biology, Ecology, and Management. JIPM 10(1): 12; 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmz024
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Calles-Torrez, V., J.J. Knodel, M.A. Boetel, B.W. French, B.W. Fuller, and J.K. Ransom. 2019. Field-Evolved Resistance of Northern and Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations to Corn Hybrids Expressing Single and Pyramided Cry3Bb1 and Cry34/35Ab1 Bt Proteins in North Dakota. J. Econ. Entomol. 112(4): 1875-1886. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz111
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Bjerke, J., B. Caldbeck, B. Coleman, D. Crowder, C. Dalley, D. Epstein, J. Gunter, C. Hiatt, S. Hoover, J. Knodel, B. Nelson, R. Olsson, T. Royer, D. Thorenson, T. Steeger and R. Verhoek. 2019. Best Management Practices (BMPS) for Pollinator Protection in Canola Fields. U.S. Canola Association. Developed in partnership with the Honey Bee Health Coalition. 22 pp. https://honeybeehealthcoalition.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/HBHC_Canola_030119.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Knodel, J.J., P. Beauzay, M.A. Boetel, T.J. Prochaska and L. Lubenow. 2019. 2020 North Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guide E1143 (revised). NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Calles-Torrez, V., McGinnis, E., P. Beauzay, N. Walton, J. Landis and J. Knodel. 2019. Insects that look like bees E1914. Multistate publication with Michigan State University Extension and NDSU Extension.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2019. 2019 IPM survey starts. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #5 (June 6, 2019).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2019. 2019 ND IPM survey results in small grains. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #16 (September 12, 2019).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2019. 2019 ND IPM survey results in soybean and sunflower. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #16 (September 12, 2019).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #1 (May 9, 2019), 15 pp.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #2 (May 16, 2019), 13 pp.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #3 (May 23, 2019), 19 pp.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #4 (May 30, 2019), 17 pp.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #5 (June 6, 2019), 22 pp.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #6 (June 13, 2019), 18 pp.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #7 (June 20, 2019), 21 pp.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #8 (June 27, 2019), 26 pp.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #9 (July 4, 2019), 27 pp.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #13 (August 1, 2019), 20 pp.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #14 (August 15, 2019), 25 pp.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #15 (August 29, 2019), 14 pp.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #16 (September 12, 2019), 20 pp.
  • Type: Websites Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: The NDSU Extension IPM website was updated to include new information. It is available at: https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/ndipm
  • Type: Websites Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: The NDSU Extension Crop & Pest Report website was updated to include new IPM information. It is available at: https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/cpr/
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #10 (July 11, 2019), 21 pp.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #11 (July 18, 2019), 21 pp.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: - 2019. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #12 (July 25, 2019), 18 pp.


Progress 09/01/18 to 08/31/19

Outputs
Target Audience:County, area and state extension specialists, producers, crop consultants, state crop commodity groups, agronomists, seed producers, pesticide applicators, Master Gardeners, horticulturalists, gardeners, homeowners, nurseries, the NDDA, urban foresters, the USDA APHIS, public consumers, and other stakeholders. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Extension meetings/workshops brought IPM information directly to ND crops producers, agribusiness, commodity groups and field scouts. Educating producers, field scouts, crop consultants/advisers and other interested stakeholders in pest identification and IPM strategies is fundamental to good stewardship practices. IPM outreach on agronomic crops were conducted at the following major meetings: NDSU / UM Commercial Pesticide Applicator Training at Fargo - Nov. 30, 2018. Total audience = >289 people. Certified Crop Advisor Training, January 3-4, 2019, Fargo, ND. Total audience = 32 people. The Northern Corn-Soybean Expo, February 12, 2019, Fargo, ND. Total audience = >600 people. The Best of the Best in Wheat Research, February 5, 2019, Minot, ND. Total audience = 75 people. The Best of the Best in Wheat and Soybean Research and Marketing, February 14, 2019, Grand Forks, ND. Total audience = 280 people. The Best of the Best in Wheat and Soybean Research and Marketing, February 15, 2019, Moorhead, MN. Total audience = 220 people. 2019 Master Gardener Core Course, February 22, 2019, Fargo, ND. Total audience = 105 people. 2019 Eastern Crop & Pest Management School, February 26-27, 2019, Fargo, ND. Total audience = 74 people. 2019 Western Crop & Pest Management School, March 5-6, 2019, Minot, ND. Total audience = 109 people. NDSU Extension Field to Fork Webinar Series, April 3, 2019. Total audience = >100 people. IPM training will be conducted at 2019NDSU Field Days at: July 9Hettinger REC Field Day July 10Dickinson REC Field Day July 11Williston REC Field Day July 12 Nesson Valley Irrigation Field Day, Williston July 15Agronomy Seed Farm Field Day, Casselton July 16Carrington REC Field Day July 17North Central REC Field Day, Minot July 18Langdon REC Field Day & Canola Tour How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?IPM information from the IPM Program in North Dakota will be delivered via: NDSU Extension Service's newletter - Crop and Pest Report at https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/cpr/ County Ag Alerts & Ag News releases AgDakota mail list IPM maps posted weekly on the NDSU IPM website at https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/ndipm/ IPM information is presented at extension meetings and field days (listed in previous question). Extension Horticultural webinars during summer Master Garden trainings and meetings The Dirt - North Dakota Master Gardener Program Newsletter NDSU Pesticide Quarterly newsletter and training certification meetings NDSU Plant Diagnostic Laboratory What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops Continue the IPM educational and evaluation efforts with IPM trainings / workshops / field days over winter. Continue the IPMoutreach with extension publications, websites, FaceBook, and other media. Coordinate the upcoming 2019 IPM Crop Survey on wheat, barley, soybean and sunflower in North Dakota. Update the NDSU IPM Webpage to improve readability: http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/ndipm/. IPM Scout Training will be conducted May 30, 2019 at the Carrington REC. IPM Crop Survey will start end of May and continue until August 15, 2019. NDSU Extension Crop & Pest Report started May 9 and will continue until fall 2019. Field Days and other summer extension meetings also will be organized where IPM outreach transpires. Evaluation surveys will be conducted in the fall of 2019. IPM for Pollinator Health All of the new gardens will be used as teaching gardens during the 2019 growing season to inspire members of the general public to plant their own pollinator gardens. Evaluation surveys will be implemented during the 2019 season for impacts. The third collaborative Extension publication with Michigan State University will be on Endangered Pollinators - Butterflies and Bees during 2019-2020. IPM Support for Pest Diagnostic Facilities Diagnostic samples will be processed by PDL and IPM recommendations delivered for 2019. Extension publications for homeowners will be updated withIPM information, such as Bugs in my Cupboards E300. Evaluation surveys will be implemented during the 2019 season for impacts. IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators Continue to integrate IPM education modules into the NDSU Extension Pesticide Training and Certification Program, and develop and conduct evaluations. Continue to update annually and expand the capabilities of the NDSU Extension Pest Management App.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? IPM Implementation in Agronomic Crops - Primary Priority Area Outcomes and Impacts OBJECTIVE 1 - ND IPM SURVEY Short-term impacts relate to timely information about pest problems in crops. Here are two examples of how the field scouts identified important information about crop pests, which helped producers make effective IPM decisions in 2018: Fusarium head blight (scab) waslow across the state, only found in25% of wheat fields scouted. Soybean aphid populations were low, averaged only 3 aphids per plant, in 2018. This is a non-economic density of soybean aphids, and illustrated the need for growers to use proper IPM principles, such as scouting and Economic Thresholds to reduce inputs (insecticide). One example of long-term benefits of the 2018 IPM Crop Survey involvedthe support export of agricultural commodities as free of regulatory pests. A NDSU Extension Impact Statement entitled "Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Survey Improves Wheat Exports for North Dakota" was developed for the state legislators of North Dakota, USDA NIFA, crop commodity groups and IPM stakeholders. Situation: The NDSU Extension IPM Survey collaborates with The North Dakota Department of Agriculture (NDDA) on monitoring for exotic pests that would negatively impact exports, if found in North Dakota. Each year,ten NDSU IPM scouts are trained on how to properly survey for six 'high risk' exotic insect pests, diseases and nematodes. These data provided valuable information for wheat exports by confirming the absence of invasive pests on wheat grown in North Dakota. Impact: About 10,500 wheat fields (winter wheat, hard red spring wheat, durum wheat) were surveyed for exotic pests in North Dakota during the past 10 years. No exotic pests were detected in wheat fields surveyed from 2008 through 2018. The negative exotic pest data saved over $30,000 in yearly diagnostic fees and prevented any phytosanitary hindrances on wheat exports from North Dakota. Wheat exports from North Dakota were valued at an estimated $98 million in 2017. Feedback: These exotic pest surveys combine resources to gain access to a larger workforce and provide greater coverage across the state than could otherwise be realized for ND agriculture. Doug Goehring, Ag Commissioner, NDDA OBJECTIVE 2 - IPM EDUCATIONAL OUTREACH The IPM Survey data on insect pests and diseases on wheat, barley, soybean and sunflower provide near real-time pest data that are summarized and distributed to producersthrough the NDSU Extension Crop & Pest Report, FaceBook, email listserves, news releases, radio, T.V. and othermedias. Outcomes and Impacts of the NDSU Extension Crop & Pest Report (C&P): Some outcomesof a 2018 Reader Evaluation Survey onthe C&Pinclude: 89% of readers state thatC&Pis the major source of information on pests, IPM and crop production. 93% of readers indicated that the C&Pprovided timely information, and was a reliable source of unbiased science-based information. More than 97% of readers reported sharing information from the C&Pwith other professionals. 90% of respondents conducted insect identification, a basic of IPM. 77% used the weekly ND IPM maps onpest incidence / severity published in theC&Por on IPM website. 81% conducted pest scouting and used economic thresholds before making pesticide applications. An average of 79% of readers said that they increased their knowledge on pests and IPM practices. IPM for Pollinator Health - Primary Priority Area Outcomes and Impacts: During the 2018 season, the NDSU Extension Master Gardener Program designed and planted seven new pollinator gardens across six counties: • NDSU Campus, Fargo, ND • Red River Zoo, Fargo, ND • Abercrombie City Park, Abercrombie, ND • Sandhill Crane Park, Steele, ND • Cooperstown Mini-Park, Main Street, Cooperstown, ND • Hi-Line Prairie Gardens and Orchard, Valley City, ND • Oakes Hospital Garden, Oakes, ND Gardens display annual and perennial flowers and sustainable practices that will attract and nourish bees and butterflies. All of the gardens are located in prominent areas that accessible by the general public and include sites at two universities, three city parks, a zoo and a hospital. The pollinator garden at the hospital is part of a larger healing garden. For Pollinator Extension Outreach, we develop a new extension publication in collaboration with Michigan State University entitled Insects that look like Bees E1914 (https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/publications/lawns-gardens-trees/insects-that-look-like-bees). IPM Support for Pest Diagnostic Facilities - Secondary Priorities Outcomes and Impacts: Mr. Alexander Knudson was hiredon March 29, 2018 as the insect diagnostician of PDL. From 9/1/18 - 5/1/19, the PDL processed over 2,116 samples. The NDSU PDL provide critical advice regarding plant pathogens or diseases for approximately 173 disease identification requests. The lab processed approximately 408 insect identification requests, of which approximately 83% of submitters were receptive to implementing appropriate IPM strategies to control their respective insect pests. IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators - Secondary Priorities North Dakota currently has 5,982 certified commercial/public pesticide applicators, and 11,422 certified private pesticide applicators. The selected IPM module was on 'Managing Insecticide Resistant Soybean Aphids Using Integrated Pest Management,' which was presented at the 2018 Pesticide Training and Certification Program (289 pesticide applicants). Outcomes: In addition to the pesticide training meetings, pesticide resistance and IPM training were conducted in collaboration with the North Dakota Soybean Council as part of the Best of the Best in Soybeans, and at four smaller venues in areas new to soybean production, Getting it Right in Soybeans meeting series. At these meetings, a survey tool measured participants' knowledge gained, as well as their intention to apply the skills learned. Of 234 soybean growers polled at Grand Forks and Moorhead meetings in 2018, 55% (128 growers) experienced pyrethroid failure on an estimated 78,000 acres. Of these 128 growers, 65% (83 growers) indicated that they resprayed to control soybean aphids. Based on the total 2017 soybean acreage in affected counties, we estimate that approximately 2.2 million soybean acres experienced pyrethroid failure, and that 1.5 million acres were resprayed. Impacts: Delivered educational program to >600 soybean growers, pesticide applicators and interested stakeholders. 81% indicated a significant increase in knowledge about soybean aphid IPM. 91% intend to apply IPM strategies for managing soybean aphids. Growers that used IPM strategies to manage pyrethroid resistant soybean aphids saved an estimated annual cost of $12 million and reduced about 700,000 pounds of insecticide input. NDSU Extension Pest Management App The NDSU Extension Pest Management App is a smart-device application that incorporates information from several NDSU Extension products, including the North Dakota Weed Control Guide, the North Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guide and the North Dakota Field Crop Plant Disease Management Guide. The app contains pest management information for 11 field crops, a photo submission tool (aids in pest identification), fungicide efficacy tables (for wheat, soybean and corn), herbicide efficacy tables, and a link to the NDSU Extension calendar of events. Users are able to select a crop and pest, then view rates, mode of action, and other general information pertaining to the pesticide.https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/extension/apps/pest-management Outcomes and Impacts: Over 7,100 downloads from 2014 through 2019. More than 100 photos submitted for pest identification. Helps producers and applicators make informed management decisions that increase on-farm profit and protect the environment.

Publications

  • Type: Websites Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: The NDSU Extension Crop & Pest Report website was updated to include new IPM information. It is available at: https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/cpr/
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Friskop, A., Zhong, S., and Brueggeman, R. 2018. Fusarium head blight (scab) of small grains. North Dakota State University Extension Publication PP804
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Friskop, A., Markell, S., and Khan, M. 2018. 2019 North Dakota Field Crop Plant Disease Management Guide. North Dakota Extension Service Publication PP-622.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Markell, S. and Malvick, D. 2018. Soybean Disease Diagnostic Series. North Dakota Cooperative Extension Service Publication PP1867.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: D.T. Pezzini, C.D. DiFonzo, D.L. Finke, T.E. Hunt, J.J. Knodel, C.H. Krupke, B. McCornack, A.P. Michel, R.D. Moon, C.R. Philips, A.J. Varenhorst, R.J. Wright, and R.L. Koch. 2019. Spatial Patterns and Sequential Sampling Plans for Estimating Densities of Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Soybean in the North Central Region of the United States. J. Econ. Entomol. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz100
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: D.T. Pezzini, C.D. DiFonzo, D.L. Finke, T.E. Hunt, J.J. Knodel, C.H. Krupke, B. McCornack, A.P. Michel, R.D. Moon, C.R. Philips, A.J. Varenhorst, R.J. Wright, and R.L. Koch. 2019. Community Composition, Abundance, and Phenology of Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Soybean in the North Central Region of the United States. J. Econ. Entomol. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz099
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: Calles-Torrez, V., J.J. Knodel, M.A. Boetel, B.W. French, B.W. Fuller, and J.K. Ransom. 2019. Field-Evolved Resistance of Northern and Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations to Corn Hybrids Expressing Single and Pyramided Cry3Bb1 and Cry34/35Ab1 Bt Proteins in North Dakota. J. Econ. Entomol.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Knodel, J.J., P.B. Beauzay, D.W. Franzen, H.J. Kandel, S.G. Markell, J.M. Osorno, J.S. Pasche and R.K. Zollinger. 2018. 2017 Dry Bean Grower Survey of Production, Pest Problems and Pesticide Use in Minnesota and North Dakota. NDSU Ext. Serv., E1884.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Knodel, J.J., P.B. Beauzay, A. Friskop and S. Markell. 2018. IPM Basics Integrated Pest Management in North Dakota Agriculture PP863 (revised). NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Knodel, J.J. and T.J. Prochaska. 2018. The Armyworm and the Army Cutworm E830 (revised). NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Paul, P.A., Salgado, J.D., Bergstrom, G., Bradley, C.A., Byamukama, E., Byrne, A.M., Chapara, V., Cummings, J.A. Chilvers, M.I., Dill-Macky, R., Friskop, A., Kleczewski, N., Madden, L.V., Nagelkirk,. M., Stevens, J., Smith, M., Wegulo, S.N., Wise, K., and Yabwalo, D. 2018. Integrated effects of genetic resistance and prothioconazole + tebuconazole application timing on Fusarium head blight in wheat. Plant Dis. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-18-0565-RE
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Mathew, F., Harveson, R., Gulya, T., Markell, S., Block, C., and Thompson, S. 2018. Phomopsis Stem Canker of Sunflower. Plant Health Instructor. Online: https://doi.org/10.1094/PHP-12-17-0083-DG.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Schultz, E., DeSutter, T., Sharma, L., Endres, G., Ashley, R., Honggang, B., Markell, S., Kraklau, A. and Franzen, D. 2018. Response of Sunflower to Nitrogen and Phosphorus in North Dakota. Agronomy Journal 110:685-695.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Mathew, F. M., Gulya, T. J., Jordahl, J. G., and Markell, S. G. 2018. First report of stem disease of soybean (Glycine max) caused by Diaporthe gulyae. Plant Disease 102:240.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Mathew, F., Olson, T., Marke, L., Gulya, T. and Markell, S. 2018. Identification of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) accessions resistant to Diaporthe helianthi and Diaporthe gulyae. Plant Health Progress 19:97-102.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Mathew, F., Jordahl, J., Gulya, T. and Markell, S. 2018. Comparison of greenhouse-based inoculation methods to study aggressiveness of Diaporthe helianthi isolates causing Phomopsis stem canker of sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Plant Health Progress 19:92-96.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Harveson, R., Mathew, F., Gulya, T., Markell, S., Block, C. and Thompson, S. 2018. Sunflower stalk diseases initiated through leaf infections. Plant Health Progress 19:82-91.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Ma, G., Son, Q., Markell, S. and Qi, L. 2018. High throughput genotyping-by-sequencing facilitates molecular tagging of a novel rust resistance gene, R15, in the SSR marker-poor region in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics () 1-10: DOI 10.1007/s00122-018-3087-5.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Friskop, A., Endres, G., Hoppe, K., Mostrom, M., Ransom, J., and Stokka, G. 2018. Ergot in small grains. North Dakota State University Extension PP1904.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2018 Citation: Friskop, A., Yellareddygari, S., Gudmestad, N.C., Fuller, K.B., and Burrows, M. 2018. Low benefits from fungicide use on hard red wheat in low-disease environments. Plant Health Progress 19:288-294. doi: 10.1094/PHP-06-18-0028-RS
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Knodel, J.J. and P.B. Beauzay. 2019. Taking the Bite Out of Bed Bugs E1538 (revised). NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2019. Insect Management in Soybeans. In Soybean Production Field Guide for North Dakota A1172 (revised). Editors H. Kandel and G. Endres. NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Calles-Torrez, V., McGinnis, E., P. Beauzay, N. Walton, J. Landis and J. Knodel. 2019. Insects that look like bees E1914. Multistate publication with Michigan State University Extension and NDSU Extension.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Knodel, J.J., P.B. Beauzay, D.W. Franzen, H.J. Kandel, S.G. Markell, J.M. Osorno, J.S. Pasche and R.K. Zollinger. 2019. 2018 Dry Bean Grower Survey of Production, Pest Problems and Pesticide Use in Minnesota and North Dakota E1904. NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Knodel, J.J. and P. Beauzay. 2019. Insect Pest Management. In Canola Production Field Guide A1280 (revised). Editors H. Kandel, L. Lubenow, C. Keene and J. Knodel. NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Knodel, J.J., P. Beauzay, M.A. Boetel, T.J. Prochaska and L. Lubenow. 2018. 2019 North Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guide. NDSU Ext. E1143 (revised). NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Beauzay, P.B. and Knodel, J.J. 2018. Integrated Pest Management of Alfalfa Weevil in North Dakota E1617 (revised). NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Knodel, J.J., T.J. Prochaska and J. S. Pasche (eds.). 2018. Pulse Crop Insect Diagnostic Series Field Pea, Lentil, and Chickpea. Authors: P.B. Beauzay, S.D. Eigenbrode, J.J. Knodel, T.J. Prochaska, G.V.P. Reddy, A.J. Varenhorst, P.M. Wagner and K.W. Wanner. NDSU Ext. Serv., E1877, March 2018.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Fauske, G.M. and J.J. Knodel. 2018 (revised). Insects Frequently Confused with Emerald Ash Borer in North Dakota E1604 (revised). NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Kandel, H., C. Keene, S. Markell, J. Pasche, D. Franzen, J. Knodel, T. Stefaniak, B. Jenks and S. Forster. 2018. Growing Chickpea in North Dakota A1236 (revised). NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Knodel, J.J., J.D. Zeleznik, G.M. Fauske, P.B. Beauzay and C.R. Elhard. 2018. Emerald Ash Borer Biology and Integrated Pest Management in North Dakota E1634 (revised). NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Koch, R., E. Hodgson, J. Knodel and A. Varenhorst. 2018. Management of Insecticide-resistant Soybean Aphids E1878. Multistate publication with University of Minnesota Extension, Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, NDSU Extension and SDSU Extension.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: McGinnis, E., J.J. Knodel, P.B. Beauzay, K. Wiederholt, H. Hatterman-Valenti and C. Krueger. 2018. Integrated Pest Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila in North Dakota E1715 (revised). NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: McGinnis, E., N. Walton, E. Elsner and J. Knodel. 2018. Pollination in Vegetable Gardens and Backyard Fruits H1898. Multistate publication with Michigan State University Extension and NDSU Extension.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Prochaska, T.J., J.J. Knodel and P.B. Beauzay. 2018. Integrated Pest Management of Pea Leaf Weevil in North Dakota E1879. NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Koch, R.L., E.W. Hodgson, J.J. Knodel, A.J. Varenhorst and B.D. Potter. 2018. Management of insecticide-resistant soybean aphids in the Upper Midwest of the United States. J. IPM 9(1):23; 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmy014
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Knodel, J.J. and G. Shrestha. 2018. Pulse crops: Pest management of wireworms and cutworms in the Northern Great Plains of United States and Canada. Annals ESA 111 (4): 195-204. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/say018
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Rashed, A., X. Feng, S.M. Prager, L.D. Porter, J.J. Knodel, A. Karasev and S.D. Eigenbrode. 2018. Vector-borne viruses of pulse crops, with a particular emphasis on North American cropping system. Annals ESA 111 (4): 205-227. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/say014
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Calles-Torrez, V., J.J. Knodel, M.A. Boetel, C.D. Doetkott, K.K. Podliska, J.K. Ransom, P. Beauzay, B.W. French and B.W. Fuller. 2018. Transgenic Bt corn, soil insecticides and insecticidal seed treatment effects on corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) beetle emergence and larval feeding injury in North Dakota. J. Econ. Entomol. 111: 348-360. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tox297
  • Type: Websites Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: The NDSU Extension IPM website was updated to include new information. It is available at: https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/ndipm/


Progress 09/01/17 to 08/31/18

Outputs
Target Audience:County, area and state extension specialists, producers, crop consultants, state crop commodity groups, agronomists, seed producers,pesticide applicators, Master Gardeners, horticulturalists, gardeners, homeowners, nurseries, the NDDA, urban foresters, the USDA APHIS, public consumers, and other stakeholders. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? IPM educational meetings and workshops were conducted in the winter of 2017-2018. These meetings/workshops bring IPM information directly to ND crops producers, agribusiness, commodity groups and field scouts. Educating producers, field scouts, crop consultants/advisers and other interested stakeholders in pest identification and IPM strategies is fundamental to good stewardship practices. Major IPM workshops conducted in 2018 were the Eastern and Western Crop and Pest Management Schools. The 2018 Crop and Pest Management Schools were well-attended with 96 people at the Eastern School in Fargo, ND and 50 people at the Western School in Williston, ND (note: there was a blizzard during the Western School reducing the number of participants by 50%). Participants included students, university extension/research, producers, crop consultants, IPM scouts, and agronomy crop protection/seed company representatives. OUTCOMES: CHANGE IN KNOWLEDGE, ACTION AND CONDITION The evaluation surveys for the Eastern and Western Crop and Pest Management Schools indicated that the following IPM skills were learned by participants and students at the schools and that they plan to implement the skills they learned. Scouting times when certain insects and when infestations can occur. I am a little unfamiliar with crops such as dry beans, sunflowers, and canola. Learning about those more really helped me. The info about pest management. About weed ID when out scouting field for spraying weeds, the different IPM basics, learn hands on growth stages, crop diseases and insects on corn, wheat, soybean, dry bean, sunflower and canola. The disease and insect portions were very useful. Learning about new and emerging pests. Production issues for certain crops and how to manage those issues. I learned what to look for when scouting. This class was very informational and helpful. I was able to learn a lot from each topic. In addition, IPM outreach on agronomic crops were conducted at the following meetings: 2018 Western Crop & Pest Management School, March 6-7, 2018, Williston, ND. Total audience = 50 people. 2018 Eastern Crop & Pest Management School, February 27-28, 2018, Fargo, ND. Total audience = 96 people. The International Crops Expo, February 21-22, 2018, Grand Forks, ND. Total audience = 175 people. The Corn-Soybean Expo, February 13, 2018, Fargo, ND. Total audience = >450 people. The Best of the Best in Wheat and Soybean Research and Marketing, February 8, 2018, Minot, ND. Total audience = 135 people. 65thNational Hard Spring Wheat Show, February 6-7, 2018, Williston, ND. Total audience = 165 people. The Best of the Best in Wheat and Soybean Research and Marketing, February 7, 2018, Williston, ND. Total audience = 130 people. The Best of the Best in Wheat and Soybean Research and Marketing, February 6, 2018, Dickinson, ND. Total audience = 40 people. The Best of the Best in Wheat and Soybean Research and Marketing, February 1, 2018, Moorhead, MN. Total audience = 230 people. The Best of the Best in Wheat and Soybean Research and Marketing, January 31, 2018, Grand Forks, ND. Total audience = 280 people. Diversity, Direction and Dollars Forum, January 4, 2018, Dickinson, ND. Total audience = 105 people. Getting it Right Soybean Production Meetings 2018. January 26, 2018. Langdon, ND. Total audience = 45 people. Getting it Right Soybean Production Meetings 2018. January 25, 2018. Rugby, ND. Total audience = 44 people. Getting it Right Soybean Production Meetings 2018. January 24, 2018. Kenmare, ND. Total audience = 70 people. Getting it Right Soybean Production Meetings 2018. January 23, 2018. Fessenden ND. Total audience = 41 people. Diversity Direction & Dollars, January 4, 2018. Dickinson, ND. Total audience = 75 people. NDSU / UM Commercial Pesticide Applicator Training at Fargo - Nov. 29, 2017. Total audience = >320 people. 2017 NDSU Field Days: (These field days will be held during the summer of 2018.) July 11 Hettinger REC Field Day July 12 Dickinson REC Field Day July 13 Williston REC Field Day July 14 Nesson Valley Irrigation Field Day, Williston July 17 Agronomy Seed Farm Field Day, Casselton July 18 Carrington REC Field Day July 18 Pulse Tour, Carrington REC July 18-21 Barley Field School, NDSU main campus, Fargo July 19 North Central REC Field Day, Minot July 19 Pulse Tour NCREC, Minot July 20 Langdon REC Field Day & Canola Tour How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?IPM information from the IPM Program in North Dakota will be delivered via: NDSU Extension Service's newletter -Crop and Pest Reportathttps://www.ag.ndsu.edu/cpr/ County Ag Alerts & Ag News releases AgDakota mail list IPM maps posted weekly on the NDSU IPM website athttps://www.ag.ndsu.edu/ndipm/ IPM information is presented at extension meetings and field days (listed in previous question). Extension Horticultural webinars during summer Master Garden trainings and meetings The Dirt - North Dakota Master Gardener Program Newsletter NDSU Pesticide Quarterly newsletter and training certification meetings NDSU Plant Diagnostic Laboratory What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops Continue the educational efforts with IPM trainings / workshops / field days over summer. Coordinate the 2018 IPM Crop Survey on wheat, barley, soybean and sunflower in North Dakota that just started this summer. Pest updates will be published weekly on IPM Survey results in the NDSU Crop and Pest Report, as well as survey maps are posted weekly on the NDSU IPM Webpage during the field season of 2018: http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/ndipm/. The meetings, workshops, newsletters, and social media will bring pest management information on ND crops directly to producers, agribusiness, commodity groups and field scouts. IPM for Pollinator Health We will continue to accept applications through the end of the month for building a pollinator gardens, develop evaluation for the pollinator gardens and complete thefact sheet entitled "Pollination in vegetable gardens and fruit orchards" with the pollinator team at Michigan State University. IPM Support for Pest Diagnostic Facilities Continue to train the new insect diagnostician, Mr. Alexander Knudson, on reporting forpest identification, using diagnostic protocols, providing applicable IPM recommendations to clients, and updating outdated Extension Entomology publications with IPM information. IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators Continue to expand our basic IPM education modules with the NDSU Extension Pesticide Training and Certification Program, and conduction evaluations.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Primary Priorities: IPM Implementation in Agronomic Crops - Primary Priority Area This program emphasis area involves: 1) The statewide IPM Survey for economically important insect pests and diseases of four major agronomic crops (wheat, barley, soybean, sunflower) grown in North Dakota, and 2) Extension IPM education on agronomic crops to stakeholders throughout North Dakota in collaboration with commodity groups. Survey scouts and insect trappers operated out of the Dickinson Research Extension Center, the North Central Research Extension Center (Minot), the Williston Research Extension Center, the Carrington Research Extension Center, the Langdon Research Extension Center, and the Fargo Agricultural Experiment Station. Planned activities include hiring of scouts and insect trappers; purchasing supplies; and organizing of IPM training materials for the IPM Scouts and trappers. The IPM Scout Training for field scouts and trappers occurred on May 23, 2018 at Carrington Research and Extension Center in Carrington, ND. The IPM Survey just started after May 23, 2018. Insect trapping will start in June 2018. Data from scout and insect trappers will be mapped in June 2018 and posted on: http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/ndipm/ for stakeholders to use. The NDSU Extension Crop & Pest Report is being produced and started on May 4, 2018. It will continue weekly throughout the summer, and is available athttps://www.ag.ndsu.edu/cpr/ IPM survey data is often distributed through the Crop & Pest Report and other media (Facebook). Program evaluations are planned for the IPM Survey and the Crop & Pest Report in the fall (next funding period). There are no expected changes to the project's deliverables or budget. IPM for Pollinator Health - Primary Priority Area For 2018, the NDSU Extension Master Gardener Program has instituted a grant process by which Master Gardeners and their NDSU Extension Service agents can apply for funding to build a pollinator garden. To date, we have received four grant applications (Dickey County, Barnes County, and two in Cass County); however, we will continue to accept applications through the end of the month. Preliminary impacts in 2017 include nine county that held 14 pollinator garden workshops, presentations, and tours. They generated 2 television interviews, 2 radio interviews, and 3 newspaper articles. In total, 213 adults and 822 youth participated in the educational programming. The Extension Master Gardener Program has certified 70 gardens totaling 421,487 square feet. Sixty-one of the gardens are in North Dakota and comprise 172,082 square feet. The remaining 9 gardens and meadows are in Minnesota, South Dakota, and Montana and total 249,405 square feet. This includes large plantings in Norman County, MN and Stillwater County, MT. For Pollinator Extension Outreach in collaboration with Michigan State University, we have had several conference calls with the pollinator team of Michigan State University about development of a fact sheet entitled "Pollination in vegetable gardens and fruit orchards." This publication is being worked on and will be published in 2018. There are no expected changes to the project's deliverables or budget. Secondary Priorities: IPM Support for Pest Diagnostic Facilities - Secondary Priorities The North Dakota State University Plant Diagnostic Lab (PDL) helps agricultural producers and professionals, horticulture and urban forestry professionals, university researchers and homeowners identify plant pests, one of the keys of IPM. One of our goals was to hire and train an insect diagnostician as part of the PDL, which was accomplished. Mr. Alexander Knudson was hired on March 29, 2018 as the insect diagnostician of PDL. Mr. Knudson completed his Master's degree in the Department of Entomology at NDSU this spring. There are no expected changes to the project's deliverables or budget. IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators - Secondary Priorities For the NDSU Extension Pesticide Training and Certification Program, our goal is to include basic IPM education modules as part of the NDSU Extension Pesticide Training and Certification Program. There are no expected changes to the project's deliverables or budget. For 2017-2018, the selected IPM topic was 'Pest Resistance Management,' including how resistance evolves and the importance of rotating pesticide mode of action. Preliminary results on the 'Pest Resistance Management' focused on insecticide resistant soybean aphids as an important problem that is currently happening in the state. Pest resistance management was presented by Dr. Knodel at the 2017 Pesticide Training and Certification Program held in November with approximately 320 pesticide applicants attending. Managing a New Threat to Soybean Production in ND: Insecticide Resistant Soybean Aphids Janet Knodel, Extension Entomologist Accomplishments Widespread partial or complete failure of the pyrethroid insecticides bifenthrin and lambda-cyhalothrin were reported throughout eastern North Dakota and western Minnesota in 2017. Extension entomologists from North Dakota State University, the University of Minnesota, South Dakota State University and Iowa State University collaborated on amulti-state fact sheet targeted at managing pyrethroid-resistant soybean aphids. This publication "Management of insecticide-resistant soybean aphids E1878" was released in March2018. Soybean aphids from several North Dakota fields with suspected pyrethroid failure were bioassay, and partial to complete resistance to bifenthrin and/or lambda-cyhalothrin was confirmed. NDSU Extension Entomology created a PowerPoint presentation on managing resistant soybean aphids, which was presented during statewide pesticide applicator trainings. The presentation also contained a short survey to assess learning on the topic of resistance management. Impacts and Outcomes Increase Awarenessof Pesticide applicators, Growers, Crop Consultants, and Ag dealers on the factors that lead to the development of insecticide resistance. Polling questions from the 2017 NDSU / UM Commercial Pesticide Applicator Training indicated that 75% of participants increased their knowledge on how to manage insecticide resistance. Change their Behavioron how to manage soybean aphids to include: Use Economic Threshold and treat fields only when necessary; Ensure insecticide application is properly performed; Rotate mode of action (or insecticide class) if more than one applications is necessary in a season; Use other integrated pest management (IPM) strategies, such as soybean aphid resistant soybean varieties (Rag genes) and conserve biological control agents (predators and parasitoids). Another pesticide IPM training module is focusing on how to use the NDSU Extension Pest Management App. Success of the NDSU Extension Pest Management App Andrew Friskop, Extension Plant Pathologist Accomplishments The NDSU Extension Pest Management App is a smart-device application that incorporates information from several NDSU Extension products, including theNorth Dakota Weed Control Guide, theNorth Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guideand theNorth Dakota Field Crop Plant Disease Management Guide. The app contains pest management information for 11 field crops, a recently added photo submission tool, and a link to the NDSU Extension calendar of events. Once a management strategy is selected, the user can view rates, mode of action, general information and additional resources. A new feature on pest identification, a foundation of IPM, was added to the app this year. https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/extension/apps/pest-management Impacts and Outcomes 6,932 downloads from 2014 through 2017 More than 50 photos submitted for pest identification Google Play Store rating of 4.2 (out of 5) Helps producers and applicators make informed management decisions that increase on-farm profit and protect the environment.

Publications

  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Knodel, J.J. 2017. Flea beetles (Phyllotreta spp.) and their management. In Gadi V.P. Reddy (Ed.) Integrated management of insect pests on canola and other Brassica oilseed crops, CABI, p. 1-12.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Allen, T., Bradley, C., Sisson, A., Byamukama, E., Chilvers, M., Coker, C., Collins, A., Damicome, J., Dorrance, A., Dufault, N., Esker, P., Faske, T., Giesler, L., Grybauskas, A., Hershman, D., Hollier, C., Isakeit, T., Jardine, D., Kemerait, R., Kleczewski, N., Koenning, S., Kurle, S., Malvick, D., Markell, S., Mehl, H., Mueller, D., Mueller, J., Mulrooney, R., Nelson, B., Newman, M., Osborne, L., Overstreet, C., Padgett, B., Phipps, P., Price III, P., Sikora, E., Smitt, D., Spurlock, T., Tande, C., Tenuta, A., Wise, K., Wrather, J. and Kelly, H. 2017. Soybean yield loss estimates due to diseases in the United States and Ontario, Canada from 2010 to 2014. Plant Health Progress: 18:19-27.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Beres, B.L., B.D. Hill, H.A. C�rcamo, J.J. Knodel, D.K. Weaver and R.D. Cuthbert. 2017. An artificial neural network model to predict wheat stem sawfly cutting in solid-stemmed wheat cultivars. Can J. Plant Sci. 97:329-336. doi/10.1139/CJPS-2016-0364
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Krupke, C. H., Alford, A. M., Cullen, E. M., Hodgson, E. W., Knodel, J. J., McCornack, B., Potter, B. D., Spigler, M. I., Tilmon, K. and Welch, K. 2017. Assessing the value and pest management window provided by neonicotinoid seed treatments for management of soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) in the Upper Midwestern United States. Pest. Manag. Sci, 73: 21842193. doi:10.1002/ps.4602
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Ma, G., Markell, S., Song, Q., and Qi, L. 2017. Genotyping-by-sequencing targeting of a novel downy mildew resistance gene Pl20 from wild Helianthus argophyllus for sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 130:1519-1529.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2017 Citation: Mathew, F. Harveson, R., Gulya, T., Markell, S., Block, C. and Thompson, S. 20XX. Phomopsis stem canker of sunflower. Plant Health Instructor (submitted 12/3/17).
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Olson, T., Kontz, B., Markell, S., Gulya, T., and Mathew, F. 2017. First report of Diaporthe stewartii causing Phomopsis stem canker of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Minnesota. Plant Disease 101:382.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Seiler, G., Misar, C., Gulya, T., Underwood, W., Flett, B., Gilley, M., and Markell, S. 2017. Identification of novel sources of resistance to Sclerotinia basal stalk rot in South African sunflower germplasm. Plant Health Progress 18:87-90 doi:10.1094/PHP-01-17-0007-RS.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Yan, G. P., Plaisance, A., Chowdhury, I., Baidoo, R., Upadhaya, A., Pasche, J., Markell, S., Nelson, B., and Chen, S. 2017. First report of the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, infecting dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in a commercial field in Minnesota. Plant Disease 96:391.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Calles-Torrez, V., Knodel, J.J. and M.A. Boetel. 2017. Integrated Pest Management of Corn Rootworms in North Dakota. NDSU Ext. Serv., E1852 (revised), June 2017.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Friskop, A. and Ransom, J. 2017. Deoxynivalenol (DON) in Small Grains. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1302.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Friskop, A., Markell, S., and Khan, M. 2017. 2018 North Dakota Field Crop Plant Disease Management Guide. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP-622.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Halvorson, J., Markell, S., Pasche, J., and Harveson, R. 2017. Anthracnose (PP1820-10) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 21-22.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Halvorson, J., Tvedt, C., Pasche, J., Harveson, R., and Markell, S. 2017. Fusarium root rot (PP1820-1) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 3-4.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Halvorson, R., Pasche, J., Harveson, R., and Markell, S. 2017. Rhizoctonia root rot (PP1820-3) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 7-8.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Harveson, R., Markell, S., and Pasche, J. 2017. Bacterial brown spot (PP1820-11) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 23-24.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Harveson, R., Markell, S., and Pasche, J. 2017. Bacterial wilt (PP1820-6) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 13-14.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Harveson, R., Pasche, J., and Markell, S. 2017. Common bacterial blight (PP1820-14) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 29-30.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Harveson, R., Pasche, J., and Markell, S. 2017. Halo blight (PP1820-15) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 31-32.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Harveson, R., Pasche, J., and Markell, S. 2017. Pythium diseases (PP1820-2) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 5-6.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Harveson, R., Pasche, J., and Markell, S. 2017. Bean common mosaic (PP1820-12) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 25-26.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Kandel, H., Helms, T., Markell, S., Ostlie, M., Schatz, B., Endres, G., Aberle, E., Indergaard, T., Zwinger, S., Neilsen, J., Schaubert, S., Cooper, K., Besemann, L., Eslinger, H., T., Rickertsen, J., Olson, R., Eriksmoen, E., Tarasenko, T., Effertz, J., Hanson, R., Hakanson, T., Henry, L., Bergman, J., Pradhan, G., Link, E., Link, A., Tjelde, T., and Jacobs., J. 2017. North Dakota Soybean Variety Trial Results for 2016 and Selection Guide. NDSU Ext. Serv., A843-16.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Knodel, J.J., P.B. Beauzay, D.W. Franzen, H.J. Kandel, S.G. Markell, J.M. Osorno, J.S. Pasche and R.K. Zollinger. 2017. 2016 Dry Bean Grower Survey of Production, Pest Problems and Pesticide Use in Minnesota and North Dakota. NDSU Ext. Serv., E1841, March 2017.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Knodel, J.J., C. Elhard and P.B. Beauzay. 2017. Integrated Pest Management of Japanese Beetle in North Dakota. NDSU Ext. Serv., E1631 (revised), May 2017.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Knodel, J.J., L. Lubenow and D.L. Olson. 2017. Integrated Pest Management of Flea Beetles in Canola. NDSU Ext. Serv., E1234 (revised).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Knodel, J.J., P. Beauzay, M.A. Boetel and T.J. Prochaska. 2017. 2018 North Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guide. NDSU Ext. Serv., E1143 (revised).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. 2017. Common bean rust (PP1820-13) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 27-28.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Markell, S., Yan, G., Nelson, B., Pasche, J., and Harveson, R. 2017. Soybean cyst nematode soil sampling (PP1820-5) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 11-12.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Harveson, R., Markell, S., and Pasche, J. 2017. Fusarium yellows (wilt) (PP1820-7) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 15-16.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Harveson, R., Markell, S., and Pasche, J. 2017. Stem rot (PP1820-8) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 17-18.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Pasche, J., Harveson, R., and Markell, S. 2017. White mold (PP1820-9) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 19-20.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Pasche, J., Yan, G., Nelson, B., Markell, S., and Harveson, R. 2017. Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (PP1820-4) in: Markell, S., Harveson, R., and Pasche, J. Dry Edible Bean Disease Diagnostic Series. NDSU Ext. Serv., PP1820. Pp. 9-10.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Ransom, J., Brueggeman, R., Horsely, R., McMullen, M., Schwarz, P., Friskop, A., Schatz, B., Zwinger, S., Ostlie, M., Martin, G., Rickertsen, J., Eriksmoen, E., Hanson, B., and Gautam, P. 2017. North Dakota Barley, Oat and Rye Variety Trial Results for 2017 and Selection Guide. NDSU Ext. Serv., A1049-17.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Ransom, J., Elias, E., Friskop, A., Friesen, T., Liu, Z., Manthey, F., Rickertsen, J., Eriksmoen, E., Hanson, B., Pradhan, G., Ostlie, M. 2017. North Dakota Durum Wheat Variety Trial Results for 2017 and Selection Guide. NDSU Ext. Serv., A1067-17.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Ransom, J., Endres, G., Forster, S., Friskop, A., Franzen, D., Zollinger, R., Howatt, K., Knodel, J., Beauzay, P., and Hellevange, K. 2017. Field Guide to Sustainable Production of High-quality Durum Wheat in North Dakota. NDSU Ext. Serv., A1825.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Ransom, J., Green, A., Simsek, S., Friskop, A., Breiland, M., Friesen, T., Liu, Z., Zhong, S., Rickertsen, J., Eriksmoen, E., Hanson, B., Martin, G., Pradhan, G., Ostlie, M. 2017. North Dakota Hard Red Spring Wheat Variety Trial Results for 2017 and Selection Guide. NDSU Ext. Serv., A574-17.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Ransom, J., Marais, F., Simsek, S., Friskop, A., Rickertsen, J., Eriksmoen, E., Hanson, B., Martin, G., Ostlie, M., Pradhan, G. 2017. North Dakota Hard Red Winter Wheat Variety Trial Results for 2017 and Selection Guide. NDSU Ext. Serv., A1196-17.
  • Type: Websites Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: The NDSU Extension IPM website was updated to include new information. It is available at: http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/ndipm/
  • Type: Websites Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: The NDSU Extension Crop & Pest Report website was updated to include new IPM information. It is available at: https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/cpr/