Progress 08/01/17 to 07/31/21
Outputs
Target Audience:We have reported our results to the entire scientific community via peer review publications and conference presentations as well as the general public via social media @DrSalinaslab Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Under this reporting period, Dr. Ma, postdoctoral researcher at the Cain laboratory, University of Idaho, has had the opportunity to develop data analysis and manuscript writing skills through mentoring by Dr. Salinas and Dr. Cain. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?We have reported our newest results in one published paper in Vaccine. Moreover, we also shared our results via the Twitter account of Dr. Salinas (who has 3,000 followers). Dr. Salinas has also shared results to fish health experts via several invited seminars (virtual). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
In this final year we have completed the main goal of this proposal, determining how long the protection of nasal vaccination is in trout. We have furthermore performed repertoire analysis in the long-term vaccination trial and revealed how two different vaccines alter the B cell repertoire different in the olfactory epithelium and the spleen. These results have recently been published in Vaccine (Ma et al, 2021).
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Jie Ma, Elisa Casadei, Timothy J. Bruce, Ali Sepahi, Kenneth D. Cain, Irene Salinas,
Long-term efficacy of nasal vaccination against enteric red mouth (ERM) disease and infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss),
Vaccine,
2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.077.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Dong F, Tacchi L, Xu Z, LaPatra SE, Salinas I. Vaccination Route Determines the Kinetics and Magnitude of Nasal Innate Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Biology (Basel). 2020 Oct 1;9(10):319. doi: 10.3390/biology9100319
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Pankoj Kumar Das, Irene Salinas,
Fish nasal immunity: From mucosal vaccines to neuroimmunology,
Fish & Shellfish Immunology,
Volume 104,
2020,
Pages 165-171,
ISSN 1050-4648,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2020.05.076.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Nasal Vaccination Drives Modifications of Nasal and Systemic Antibody Repertoires in Rainbow Trout
Susana Magadan, Luc Jouneau, Pierre Boudinot, Irene Salinas
The Journal of Immunology September 15, 2019, 203 (6) 1480-1492; DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900157
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Progress 08/01/20 to 07/31/21
Outputs
Target Audience:We have reached the Fish Vaccinology community as well as the Animal Health and Aquaculture stakeholders via invited seminars by the PI, peer-review publications and presentations at National Fish Health meetings. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Under this award, the PI, Irene Salinas is currently going up for promotion to Full Professor. Further, she developed a new course for UNM Biology, DIseases of Aquatic Organisms, that she taught again in Spring 2021 and includes apect of fish vaccinology. Finally, under this award, graduate student Amir Mani has received training in fish immunology. Dr. Salinas also organized the 2nd Virtual North American Comparative Immunology Workshop in June 2021. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Dr. Salinas has not attended in person conferences due to the pandemic but she has presented results from this award via virtual seminars. First, she gave a 1 hour seminar for the University of Arizona School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences Seminar Series in March 2021. We have one manuscript under review and one in preparation that will be submitted to Developmental and Comparative Immunology. Dr. Salinas also shares results via her Twitter account @DrSalinaslab with more than 2500 followers. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We have completed all goals of this proposal. We have the last manuscript to write where we will report the responses in the gut to nasal vaccination. We have found that the responses depend on the type of vaccine, with ERM triggering stronger gut responses than IHN. Another important accomplishment has been the determination of how long the protection lasts following nasal vaccination with two different types of vaccines. Our results are currently under review and show how the live attenuated IHNV vaccine generates longer lasting immunity than ERM vaccine when delivered intranasally. Finally, overall, our project has been instrumental at generating baseline knowledge on salmonid repertoires, including the annotation of the B cell repertoire of newly published trout genome and a new nomenclature for the entire community.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Dong F, Tacchi L, Xu Z, LaPatra SE, Salinas I. Vaccination Route Determines the Kinetics and Magnitude of Nasal Innate Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Biology (Basel). 2020 Oct 1;9(10):319. doi: 10.3390/biology9100319
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Ma J, Casadei E, Sepahi A, Bruce T, Cain KD, Salinas I. 2021. Long-term efficacy of nasal vaccination against enteric red mouth (ERM) disease and infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Under review, Vaccine
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Magadan S, Boudinot P, Salinas I. Vaccine specific shifts in rainbow trout IgM and IgT repertoires following intranasal vaccination. In preparation.To be submitted to Developmental and Comparative Immunology
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Progress 08/01/19 to 07/31/20
Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience for this project during the reporting period has been the Aquaculture and Fish Health stakeholders as well as the Comparative Immunology scientific community. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The PD has largely benefited from this award because it helped her receive the Reagents Lecturer Award at the University of New Mexico. This is a 3 year award that is given to 2 Associate Professors in the entire College of Arts and Science to recognize excellence in research. Additionally, a postdoctoral researchers at the University of Idaho have been involved in data analysis and manuscript writing. At the University of New Mexico, one graduate student has received academic training under this award. He has completed the first year of his PhD program and will advance to candidacy in the next few months. Finally, a visiting PhD student from China who came to the PD's lab with her own fellowship, has benefited from this project by receiving training on nasal vaccines. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?We have disseminated results via: - Peer reviewed pulbications - Two conference presentations - Two Invited talks/seminars - Social media via de PD's Twitter account @DrSalinaslab What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We are currently analyzing all the repertoire datasets that have already been sequenced. These datasets will be used to produce at least two manuscripts: one of TCR repertoire and one on BCR repertoire. The analyses will include repertoire changes in distant mucosal sites in response to nasal vaccination using the two vaccine models proposed in the grant. This is something completely unknown thus far since we currently have no idea about protection of other mucosal regions following nasal vaccine delivery.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We have completed all the fish experiments as planned, all tissues have been collected, RNA isolated and Illumina libraries prepared. We only need to complete the bioinformatics and statistical analysis to be able to compare gut and nasal B and T cell repertoire responses.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Jie Ma, Timothy J. Bruce, Ali Sepahi, Elisa Casadei, Kenneth D. Cain, and Irene Salinas. 2020. Long-term efficacy of nasal vaccination against enteric red mouth (ERM) disease and infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss). Fish Health Virtual Meeting July 19th 2020.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Kumar PD, Salinas I. 2020. Fish nasal immunity: From mucosal vaccines to neuroimmunology. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 104:165-171.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Fen Dong, Luca Tacchi, Zhen Xu, Scott E. LaPatra, Irene Salinas. Vaccination route determines the kinetics and magnitude of nasal innate immune responses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Under review Biologi MPDI
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Jie Ma, Timothy J. Bruce, Ali Sepahi, Elisa Casadei, Kenneth D. Cain, and Irene Salinas. Long-term efficacy of nasal vaccination against enteric red mouth (ERM) disease and infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) in juvenile rainbow trout. Under review Vaccine
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Progress 08/01/18 to 07/31/19
Outputs
Target Audience:Our findings have been communicated with the scientific community by means of - Conference presentations: 14th ISDCI congress, Sante Fe, June 2018. - Invited seminars: Auburn University Fisheries and Aquatic Animal Health Department seminar, March 2019 - Peer- review publications: Magadan et al, under review Journal of Immunology Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Under this project, we have provided training to postdoctoral researchers and graduate students including the collaboration with the University of Idaho who has been working on aim 1 and will produce a new manuscript in collaboration with Irene Salinas. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?As mentioned before: - Invited talks given by the PD (Irene Salinas) - Conference presentations (ISDC) - Formation of a salmonid B and T cell repertoire annotation and nomenclature consortium led by Dr. Susana Magadan (funded by this project) in collaboration with Dr. Mary-Paule LeFranc, Pierre Boudinot and Aleksei Krasnov. This group is continiously curating the trout and salmon repertoire genes database which is publicly available to IMGT What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will continue to analyze the remaining of the repertoire sequencing data as planned. All libraries have been sequenced so we need to analyze the data and produce one or two more manuscripts. Additionally, we are currently writing a paper with Dr. Cain's laboratory summarizing the results from the long term vaccination trials.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
In the last year we have made great progress towards the main goals of this project. Our long-term vaccination trials have been finalized and we have reached the following conclusions: - IHNV Nasal vaccination provides significantly higher protection than injections vaccination after 6 months of primary immunization - ERM Nasal vaccinations provides poorer protection than injeciton vaccination after 6 months of primary immunization - IgM specific titers in serum for IHNV and ERM are poor correlates of vaccination protection. Titers decrease from 6 months to 12 months. We are currently running the ELISAs to determine IgT specific titers in serum
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Magadan S, Jouneau L, Boudinot P, Salinas I. Nasal vaccination drives modifications of nasal and systemic antibody repertoires in rainbow trout. The Journal of Immunology
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Olfactory sensory neurons mediate ultra-rapid antiviral immune responses in a TrkA-dependent manner
Ali Sepahia, Aurora Krausa, Elisa Casadeia, Christopher A Johnstonb, Jorge Galindo-Villegasc,d, Cecelia Kellya, Diana Garc�a-Morenoc, Pilar Mu�oze, Victoriano Muleroc, Mar Huertasf, Irene Salinas*. 2019. PNAS. In press
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Elisa Casadei and Irene Salinas. Comparative models for human nasal infections and immunity.
Developmental & Comparative Immunology
Volume 92, March 2019, Pages 212-222
Developmental & Comparative Immunology
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Progress 08/01/17 to 07/31/18
Outputs
Target Audience:We presented our preliminary results in the 5th International Symposium on Genomics in Aquaculture (GIA2018) in Albufera (Portugal( March 21-23 2018. We have submitted an abstract for the 14th ISDCI Congress and we will be giving an oral presentation there in June 2018. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?PhD student Ali Sepahi was able to visit Dr. Cain's laboratory, learn about large aquaculture facilities and trained the Cain lab on how to perform nasal vaccinations. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?We presented our results at GIS2018 in Portugal as described before. We have also submitted abstracts to the 14th ISDCI Congress in Santa Fe, June 2018. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will continue with all three aims as planned. For AIM 1, we will challenge fish in June and collect all serum and mucus samples (6 months post vaccination). Then we will do a final sampling at 12 months post-vaccination to finalize this aim. We wil also collect tissue samples in RNA in order to confirm VH usage and clonotype expansions identified in isogenic fish (AIMS 2 and 3). The bioinformatics analysis of IgM repertoire are almost complete so we will focus on submitting our first publication in sumer of 2018. Meanwhile, we will continue with IgT and TCR VH analyses and data interpretation.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
AIM 1: We have performed all vaccination trials proposed in this Aim with Dr. Cain at the University of Idaho. Ali Sepahi from the PD's laboratory visited Dr. Cain's laboratory in December 2017. Rainbow trout were vaccinated with each of the nasal vaccination preps (IHNV and ERM vaccines) according to procedures outlined previously (Tacchi et al, 2014). Since vaccination in December, all fish have been kept on a maintenance ration (approximately 1.25-1.50%BW/d) and have appeared healthy with minimal losses. To determine long-term immunity, fish will be challenged in June 2018 (six months post immunization), and protective immunity determined. Additional subgroups will be maintained out to 12 months to determine if specific antibody titers are maintained. AIM 2: We have performed two separate vaccination trials using isogenic fish fromt the Swanson line developed by G Thorgaard. We have performed all samplings and collected all tissues as proposed. We have performed all the RACEs, PCRs and Illumina Sequencing proposed for both IHNV and ERM vaccination via the nasal and injection routes. Illumina sequencing included B cell V domains specific for IgM and IgT. We have completed the IgM analysis comparing the diversity of the repertoire in NALT and spleen in control, intranasally and intraperitoneally vaccinated trout. We are preparing a manuscript at the moment with all our findings to be submitted to Plos Pathogens in summer 2018. The analysis of the IgT sequences is more problematic than that of IgM due to the presence of high numbers of sterile transcripts or incomplete V's and also due to the fact that most clones identified are not very big (not expanded). Additionally, annotation of IgT V domains is not as accurate as that of IgM because the lack of annotation of these Vs in the current version of the trout genome and in IMGT. However, the sequencing protocol has worked properly and there are no issues regarding the lab technique that need to be fixed. In order to solve the problem, we are going to reanalyze the data using the second version of the trout genome that soon will be released and also we are going to collaborate with Dr. Tom Kepler at Boston University. He is able to infer germline configurations of V genes based on trasncriptomic data and he has agreed to do this using our datasets. AIM 3: As explained in AIM 2, all animal experimentation has been completed. We have used the RNA samples from the same two vaccination trials and developed the deep sequencing protocol specific for TCRa and TCRb. We will be analyzing the results once the analysis for the B cell repertoire (aim 2) has been completed. The TCRa locus is not well annotated in IMGT and therefore we will have to perform some annotation work prior to being able to analyze our results.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Characterizing the complexity of trout adaptive immune repertoire by deep sequencing
Magadan, S., Jouneau, L., Boudinot, P. and Salinas, I.
GIA2018 Book of Abstracts. Editors Jorge M.O. Fernandes, Elena Sarropoulou, Kiron Viswanath, Deborah Power and John Liu
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