Progress 11/14/16 to 09/30/20
Outputs Target Audience:Audiences for this project include rice, soybean, grain sorghum, and wheat producers, consultants, and breeders, as well as soil fertility and agronomy professionals. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The project generated several presentations at professional meetings. Multiple journal articles, newsletter articles, popular press articles, field day presentations, and grower meeting presentations provided information on fertilizer and agronomic recommendations to producers, crop consultants, and extension agents. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The project disseminated information via presentations at professional meetings, field days, grower meetings, consultant/extension agent trainings, and grower advisory group meetings. Further dissemination was accomplished by publishing in scientific journals, newsletters, LSU AgCenter publications, and popular press magazines. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
Improved agronomic, fertility, and cultural management recommendations based on sound research for rice and rice rotational crops have been developed as a result of this project. Seven recently released rice varieties (CLJ01, PVL02, CLL15, CLM04, CLL17, Jewl, and Lynx), 5 experimental lines (LA2140, 1902026, 1702183, 1902202, and 1902212), 4 RiceTec hybrids (RT7321 FP, RT521 FP, RT7301, and RT7501), and 1 LSU experimental hybrid (LAH200) were evaluated for their response to nitrogen (N) application rate and time of application at the H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station (HRCRRS) and cooperator locations in Calcasieu (CP), Tensas (TP), St. Landry (SLP), and Richland (RP) parishes. Multiple trials were conducted at the HRCRRS to evaluate the optimal N rate and method of application for rice varieties and hybrids when grown using furrow irrigation as compared with traditional flooding. The RiceTec hybrid CLXL745 and CL153 were evaluated in both water management systems. A trial was conducted to evaluate enhanced efficiency fertilizers in a furrow irrigated rice production system. Two N fertilizer sources were evaluated (NBPR-Urea and SuperU), three N rates (0, 97, and 138 lb N/A), and three application methods (single application, 2-way split, and 3-way split). Soybean, grain sorghum, and wheat varieties were evaluated in variety trials, and results were published.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Dixon, W.R., B.E. Morales-Contreras, M. Kongchum, Z. Xu, D. Harrell, H.R. Moskowitz, and L Wicker. 2020. Aroma, quality, and consumer mindsets for shelf-stable rice thermally processed by reciprocal agitation. Foods (2020) 9, 1559; doi:10.3390/foods9111559.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Addison, C.K., B. Angira, M. Kongchum, D.L. Harrell, N. Baisakh, S.D. Linscombe, and A.N. Famoso. 2020. Characterization of haplotype diversity in the BADH2 aroma gene and development of a KASP SNP assay for predicting aroma in U.S. rice. Rice (2020) 13:47. doi.org/10.1186/s12284-020-00410-7.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Kongchum, M., D.L. Harrell, M. Barron, N. Adotey, and J. Li. 2020. Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from Louisiana rice fields under three water management practices. J. Rice Res. Dev. 3(1):74-81. Doi:10.36959/973/423.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. Poor growing conditions were prevalent in the 2019 Louisiana rice season. H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station News. 16(4):6.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2020. Baiting and hunting of migratory birds over rice fields. H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station News. 17(4):1-2.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2020. Is the single preflood nitrogen application the most efficient? H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station News. 17(2)2-3.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2020. Starter nitrogen fertilizer applications in rice. H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station News. 17(1)4.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2020. March 25 edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2020(1)1-7.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2020. May 22 edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2020(2)1-7.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. and D. Groth. May 29 edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2020(3)1-5.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. July 17 edition. Louisiana Rice Notes: Yield Report. 2020(4)1-2.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. July 23 edition. Louisiana Rice Notes: Yield Report. 2020(5)1-3.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. July 31 edition. Louisiana Rice Notes: Yield Report. 2020(6)1-3.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. August 7 edition. Louisiana Rice Notes: Yield Report. 2020(7)1-3.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. August 14 edition. Louisiana Rice Notes: Yield Report. 2020(8)1-5.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. August 24 edition. Louisiana Rice Notes: Yield Report. 2020(9)1-4.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. Poor conditions prevailed during 2019 season. Rice Farming. 54(1):27-28.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2020. Diversify cultivar selections to spread the risk. Rice Farming. 54(2):18-19.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2020. Dont guess. Soil test! Rice Farming. 54(3):24.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2020. IDing seedling weeds is critical to early season weed control. Rice Farming. 54(4)18.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2020. Maintaining a flood for 3 weeks after pre-flood N is key. Rice Farming. 54(5)21-22.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2020. If you had smut in 2019, plan to protect crops this season. Rice Farming. 54(6)20-21.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Adotey, N., A. Coker, M. Kongchum, and D.L. Harrell. 2019. Evaluation of pretreated N fertilizer with urease and nitrification inhibitor on ammonia volatilization. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Meeting. 4-7 Nov., 2019. San Antonio, TX.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Kongchum, M., N. Adotey, D.L. Harrell, and A. Coker. 2019. Evaluation of nitrogen fertilizer efficiency under three water management practices using 15N Isotope technique. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Meeting. 4-7 Nov., 2019. San Antonio, TX.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Coker, A., Adotey, N., Gentimis, T., Harrell, D.L., Kongchum, M., Shiratsuchi, L., Tubana, B. 2019. Comparison of unmanned aerial system (UAS) and active crop canopy sensor derived vegetative indices to estimate rice grain yield. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Meeting. 4-7 Nov., 2019. San Antonio, TX.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Coker, A., D.L. Harrell, and M. Kongchum. 2020. Modeling rice grain yield response to nitrogen fertilization. 38th Rice Technical Working Group. Feb. 24-27, 2020. Orange Beach, AL.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Kongchum, M., D.L. Harrell, and A. Coker. 2020. Application of 15N Isotope technique to evaluate nitrogen use efficiency from different water management practices. 38th Rice Technical Working Group. Feb. 24-27, 2020. Orange Beach, AL.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Coker, A., N. Adotey, T. Gentimis, D.L. Harrell, M. Kongchum, L. Shiratsuchi, and B. Tubana. 2020. Evaluation of the linear relationship between GreenSeeker and UAS derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to rice grain yield. 38th Rice Technical Working Group. Feb. 24-27, 2020. Orange Beach, AL.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L., M. Kongchum, and A. Coker. 2020. Evaluation of N fertilization in furrow irrigated rice. 38th Rice Technical Working Group. Feb. 24-27, 2020. Orange Beach, AL.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Coker, A., N. Adotey, T. Gentimis, D.L. Harrell, M. Kongchum, M. Shiratsuchi, and B. Tubana. 2020. Comparison of unmanned aerial system and active crop canopy sensors vegetative index to estimate rice grain yield potential. 7th International Temperate Rice Conference. Feb. 9-12, 2020. Pelotas, Brazil. p. 18.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, D.L., M. Kongchum, and A. Coker. 2020. Evaluation of nitrogen management in furrow irrigated rice. 7th International Temperate Rice Conference. Feb. 9-12, 2020. Pelotas, Brazil. p. 16.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Kongchum, M, D.L. Harrell, and A. Coker. 2020. Comparison of delayed flood and furrow irrigated drill-seeded rice in south Louisiana. 7th International Temperate Rice Conference. Feb. 9-12, 2020. Pelotas, Brazil. p. 243.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Price. R. and D.L. Harrell. 2019, Nozzle tip and sprayer setting selections for drift reduction in the DJI AGRAS MG-1/1S sprayer drone. LSU AgCenter.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Harrell, Dustin L., Donald E. Groth, Eric P. Webster, James H. Oard, Jeremy P. Hebert, Keith A. Fontenot, Manoch Kongchum, Michael J. Stout, Steven D. Linscombe, Blake Wilson, Rick Zaunbrecher, Sebe Brown, and Adam Famoso. 2019. Rice Varieties and Management Tips 2020. LSU AgCenter. LAES Pub. No. 2270.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Padgett, Guy B., Blair Buckley, Clayton A. Hollier, Dustin L. Harrell, Eric P. Webster, Gregory Williams, Thomas K. Normand, Patrick K. Bollich, Paul P. Price, III, Ronnie Levy, Josh Copes, Jeff A. Davis, John Stapp, Daniel O. Stephenson, and Caitlin deNux. 2019. 2020 Soybean Variety Yields and Production Practices. LSU AgCenter. LAES Pub. No. 2269.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Stephen A. Harrison, Kelly Arceneaux, Blair Buckley, Fred Collins, Dustin Ezell, Jacob Fluitt, Katie Fontenot, Don Groth, Ally Harding, Dustin Harrell, Manoch Kongchum, Dana Landry, James Leonards, H.J. "Rick" Mascagni, G. Boyd Padgett, Trey Price, Myra Purvis, John Stapp, Daniel Stephenson, William Waltman, Greg Williams, and Caitlin deNux. 2020. 2020 Small Grain Performance Trials. LSU AgCenter. LAES Research Summary 222.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
D.E. Groth, A.F. Famoso, J.H. Oard, H.S. Utomo, I. Wenefrida, D.L. Harrell, M. Kongchum, J.H. Ham, B.E. Wilson, J.M. Villegas, M.M. Mulcahy, E.P. Webster, R.E. Zaunbrecher, M.A. Deliberto, K.A. Fontenot. 2019. 111th Annual Research Report, H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, LSU Agricultural Center (Published online in 2020.)
|
Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19
Outputs Target Audience:Audiences for this project include rice, soybean, grain sorghum, and wheat producers, consultants, breeders, as well as soil fertility and agronomy professionals. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The project generated several presentations at professional meetings. Multiple journal articles, newsletter articles, popular press articles, field day presentations, and grower meeting presentations provided information on fertilizer and agronomic recommendations to producers, crop consultants, and extension agents. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The project disseminated information via presentations at professional meetings, field days, grower meetings, consultant/extension agent trainings, and grower advisory group meetings. Further dissemination was accomplished by publishing in scientific journals, newsletters, LSU AgCenter publications, and popular press magazines. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?New rice varieties and hybrids are being developed at breeding programs throughout the U.S. and will need to be evaluated for their adaptability in north and southwest Louisiana environments. In addition, these new cultivars will also need to be evaluated for their response to N fertilization rate and time of application. New seeding rate and plant population trials will need to be conducted to generate agronomic recommendations for new rice varieties. New and currently marketed soybean, sorghum, and wheat varieties will be evaluated for their adaptability for southwest Louisiana. New composite and enhanced efficiency N fertilizers are being developed and marketed every year and need to be evaluated for their effectiveness in a rice production management system. Fertilizer P and K rate, source, and time of application will be evaluated at multiple locations. The response of ratoon rice to N and stubble management will be evaluated. Variety by N rate and application timing experiments will be conducted at various locations across the state. The use of UAV technology to determine mid-season N rates and the evaluation of enhanced efficiency fertilizers will be evaluated at multiple locations. Ratoon and main crop responses to different nutrients, application rates and timings, and stubble management will be continued in 2020.
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
Improved agronomic, fertility, and cultural management recommendations based on sound research for rice and rice rotational crops have been developed as a result of this project. Seven recently released rice varieties (CLJ01, PVL02, Titan, CLL15, CLM04, CL153, and CL172), four experimental lines (2195, 4197, CLL2097, and 2140), and four rice hybrids (RT7301, RT3201, FullPage RT7321, and FullPage RT7521) were evaluated for their response to nitrogen (N) application rate and time of application at the H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station (HRCRRS) and cooperator locations in Calcasieu (CP), Tensas (TP), St. Landry (SLP), and Richland (RP) parishes. Multiple trials were conducted at the HRCRRS to evaluate the optimal N rate and method of application for rice varieties and hybrids when grown using furrow irrigation. A trial was conducted to evaluate the volatilization and rice yield potential when three N sources (urea, AgrotainUltra-treated urea, and Anvol-treated urea) were applied at three different application timings. Research in 2019 utilizing a RedEdge-M camera mounted on a UAV and a hand-held GreenSeeker was conducted at five locations across the state on several rice variety and hybrid N rate trials. Multiple trials were conducted to evaluate the seeding rate in a drill-seeded, delayed flood rice production system for the Clearfield and Provisia lines. Soybean, grain sorghum, and wheat varieties were evaluated in variety trials, and results were published.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Stephen A. Harrison, Kelly Arceneaux, Blair Buckley, Justin Eads, Jacob Fluitt, Don Groth, Dustin Harrell, Manoch Kongchum, James Leonards, Ally Lunos, H.J. "Rick" Mascagni, Katie McCarthy Fontenot, G. Boyd Padgett, Trey Price, Myra Purvis, John Stapp, Daniel Stephenson, William Waltman, Paul Washam, Greg Williams, and Caitlin Woodard. 2018 Small Grain Performance Trials. 2019. LAES Research Summary 216.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Famoso, A.N., Harrell, D.L., Groth, D.E., Webster, E.P., Oard, J.H., Zaunbrecher, R.E., Bearb, K.F., Conner, C.A, Guidry, G.J., Angira, B.A., and Linscombe, S.D. 2019. Registration of PVL01 Rice. The Journal of Plant Registrations doi:10.3198/jpr2019.01.0002crc.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Famoso, A.N., Harrell, D.L., Groth, D.E., Kongchum, M., Wenefrida, I., Oard, J.H., Zaunbrecher, R.E., Bearb, K.F., Conner, C.A., Guidry, G.J., Angira, B.A., Sha, X., and Linscombe, S.D. 2019. Registration of CLJ01 Rice. The Journal of Plant Registrations doi:10.3198/jpr2018.06.0035crc
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Baisakh, N., Famoso, A., Yabes, J., Tabien, R., and Harrell, D. 2019. Developing Rice Varieties Suitable for Alternative Irrigation Regimes in Louisiana. Louisiana Agriculture. Winter 2019, Vol. 62, no. 1.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. The 2018 season in Louisiana. H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station News. 16(1):4.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. Poor growing conditions were prevalent in the 2019 Louisiana rice season. H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station News. 16(4):6.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. 5 April edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2019(1):1-5.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. 29 April edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2019(2):1-7.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. 6 May edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2019(3):1-6.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L., and D. Groth. 2019. 15 May edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2019(4):1-3.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. 5 June edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2019(5):1-4.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. 16 September edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2019(6):1-4.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. 12 September edition. Louisiana Rice Notes: Yield Report. 2019(7):1-3.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2018. Growers achieve near-record yields despite challenges. Rice Farming. 53(1):28.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. Growers have new tools in their toolbox for 2019. Rice Farming. 53(2):18-19.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. Lessons learned: Researchers fine-tuned N, seeding rate recommendations for Provisia rice during the 2018 season. Rice Farming. 53(3):12.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
20119
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. Starter nitrogen applications offer agronomic advantages. Rice Farming. 53(4):22.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. Rethinking N management in furrow-irrigated rice. Rice Farming. 53(5):21.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2019. Post-harvest stubble management helps boost ratoon yields. Rice Farming. 53(6):20-21.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, DL., M. Kongchum, A. Coker, N. Adotey, and G. Schwab. 2019. Current nitrogen management research in Louisiana. 22nd Annual Conservation Systems Cotton and Rice Conference, Jan 30-Feb 1, 2019. Baton Rouge, LA
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Groth, D.E., A.F. Famoso, J.H. Oard, H.S. Utomo, I. Wenefrida, D.L. Harrell, M. Kongchum, N. Adotey, J.H. Ham, B.E. Wilson, L. Bernaola, J.M. Villegas, M.M. Mulcahy, E.P. Webster, R.E. Zaunbrecher, M.A. Deliberto, and K.A. Fontenot. 2019. 110th Annual Research Report, H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, LSU Agricultural Center. (Published online in 2019).
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Harrell, Dustin L., Groth, Donald E., Webster, Eric P., Oard, James H., Hebert, Jeremy P., Fontenot, Keith A., Kongchum, Manoch, Stout, Michael J., Linscombe, Steven D., Wilson, Blake, Zaunbrecher, Rick, Brown, Sebe, and Famoso, Adam. 2019. "Rice Varieties and Management Tips 2020".
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Fromme, D., H.J. Mascagni, B. Buckley, J. Copes, D. Harrell, B. Padgett, T. Price, and S. Harrison. 2019. Louisiana Grain Sorghum Hybrid Trials. LSU AgCenter. LAES Research Summary No. 218.
|
Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18
Outputs Target Audience:Audiences for this project include rice, soybean, grain sorghum, and wheat producers, consultants, breeders, as well as soil fertility and agronomy professionals. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The project generated several presentations at professional meetings. Multiple journal articles, newsletter articles, popular press articles, field day presentations, and grower meeting presentations provided information on fertilizer and agronomic recommendations to producers, crop consultants, and extension agents. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The project disseminated information via presentations at professional meetings, field days, grower meetings, consultant/extension agent trainings, and grower advisory group meetings. Further dissemination was accomplished by publishing in scientific journals, newsletters, LSU AgCenter publications, and popular press magazines. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?New rice varieties and hybrids are being developed at breeding programs throughout the U.S. and will need to be evaluated for their adaptability in north and southwest Louisiana environments and also need to be evaluated for their response to N fertilization rate and time of application. New rice varieties seeding rate and plant population trials will need to be conducted to generate agronomic recommendations. New and currently marketed soybean, sorghum, and wheat varieties will be evaluated for their adaptability for southwest Louisiana. New composite and enhanced efficiency N fertilizers are being developed and marketed every year and need to be evaluated for their effectiveness in a rice production management system. Fertilizer P, K, and zinc rate, source, and time of application will be evaluated at multiple locations. Ratoon rice response to N and stubble management will be evaluated.
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
Improved agronomic, fertility, and cultural management recommendations based on sound research for rice and rice rotational crops have been developed as a result of this project. Six recently released rice varieties (CLJ01, PVL01, Diamond, Titan, CL153, and CL172), 4 experimental lines (PVL108, CLX6-1111, CLX6-1133, and CLX6-1030), and 6 rice hybrids (XP113, XP760, Gemini 214CL, FullPage RT7321, FullPage RT7323, and CLXL745) were evaluated for their response to nitrogen (N) application rate and time of application at the H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station (RRS) and cooperator locations in Vermilion (VP), Calcasieu (CP), Tensas (TP), St. Landry (SLP), and Richland (RP) parishes. Multiple trials were conducted at the RRS to evaluate the optimal N rate and method of application for rice varieties and hybrids when grown using furrow irrigation. A trial was conducted to evaluate the volatilization and rice yield potential when three N sources (urea, AgrotainUltra-treated urea, and Anvol-treated urea) were applied at three different application timings. Research in 2018 utilizing a RedEdge-M camera mounted on a UAV and a hand held GreenSeeker was conducted at 6 locations across the state on several rice variety and hybrids N rate trials. Multiple trials were conducted to evaluate the seeding rate in a drill-seeded, delayed flood rice production system for the Clearfield and Provisia lines. Soybean, grain sorghum, and wheat varieties were evaluated in variety trials and results were published.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Atwill, R.L., L.J. Krutz, J.A. Bond, K.R. Reddy, J. Gore, T.W. Walker, and D.L. Harrell. 2018. Water management strategies and their effects on rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency. J. Soil and Water Conservation. 73(3):257-264. doi:10.2489/73.3.257
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Linquist, B.A., M. Marcos, M.A. Adviento-Borbe, M. Anders, D.L. Harrell, S. Linscombe, M.L. Reba, B.R.K. Runkle, L. Tarpley, and A. Thomson. 2018. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Management Practices that Affect Emissions in US Rice Systems. J. Environ Qual. doi:10.2134/jeq2017.11.0445
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Adotey N., M. Kongchum, J. Li, G.B. Whitehurst, E. Sucre, and D.L. Harrell. 2018. Rice Response and Ammonia Volatilization from Experimental Zinc Sulfate-Coated Ureas Containing Urease Inhibitors. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International. doi: 10.9734/JEAI/2018/39214ournal
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Adotey, N., D.L. Harrell, and W.P. Weatherford. 2018. Characterization and Liming Effect of Wood Ash Generated from a Biomass-Fueled Commercial Power Plant. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 49:1, 38-49. doi: 10.1080/00103624.2017.1421643
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2018. Nitrogen best management practices promotes sustainability of Louisiana rice production. H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station News. 15(2):4.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2018. Sulfur Fertilization for rice production H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station News. 15(1):1.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2018. 15 March edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2018(1):1-5.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2018. 5 April edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2018(2):1-4.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. and D. Groth. 2018. 20 April edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2018(3):1-8.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. and M. Deliberto. 2018. 29 May edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2018(4):1-7.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2018. 23 July edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2018(5):1-3.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 27 July edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2018(6):1-7.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 29 July edition: Louisiana Rice Yield Report #1. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2018(7):1.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2 August edition: Louisiana Rice Yield Report #2. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2018(8):1.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 9 August edition: Louisiana Rice Yield Report #3. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2018(9):1-3.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 16 August edition: Louisiana Rice Yield Report #4. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2018(10):1-3.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2018. The 2018 rice season in Louisiana. Rice Farming. (in press).
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2018. Dustin Harrell answers N management questions. Rice Farming. 52(6):20.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2018. LSU AgCenter begins row rice trials. Rice Farming. 52(5):21.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2018. Floods aid expansion: Giant invasive snail threatens the rice-crawfish rotation in southwest Louisiana. Rice Farming. 52(4):14-15.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2018. Top 10 things to know about Provisia rice. Rice Farming. 52(3):23-24.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2018. Rice varieties and hybrids to consider for 2018. Rice Farming. 52(2):20.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2017. A host of challenges. Rice Farming. 52(1):8-9.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Famoso, A., C. Addison, B. Angira, K. Bearb, T. Cerioli, C. Conner, G. Guidry, D. Groth, D. Harrell, M. Kongchum, S. Linscombe, J. Oard, H. Utomo, B. Williams, and I. Wenefrida. 2018. Rice Variety Development in Louisiana: Objectives, Technologies, and Resource Allocation. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 37:68.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Adotey, N., D. Harrell, M. Kongchum, J. Leonards, J. Fluitt, and J. Hartman. 2018. Evaluation of flood timing an rice agronomics in drill-seeded delayed flood rice production system. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 37: 139.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Kongchum, M., D. Harrell, and N. Adotey. 2018. Evaluation of Water Management Practices in a Drill Seeded Rice Production System on NUE, Water Use Efficiency, and Grain Yield. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 37: 137
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L., G. Schwab, M. Kongchum, and N. Adotey. 2018. Evaluations of an experimental urease inhibitor on ammonia volatility, NUE and rice yield. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 37: 129.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Adotey, N., D.L. Harrell, M. Kongchum, A. Coker, J. Leonards, J. Fluitt, and J. Hartman. 2018. Evaluation of flood timing on grain yield in a drill-seeded, delayed flood rice production system. Annual Rice Field Day. June 28, 2018. (poster)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L., M. Kongchum, and N. Adotey. 2018. Effect of water management and silica slag application on the arsenic content of rice. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 37: 164.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Coker, A., N. Adotey, D.L. Harrell, G. Hensgens, and M. Kongchum. 2018. Comparison of UAV and GreenSeeker NDVI vegetative indices to estimate rice grain yield potential. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 37: 147.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Kongchum, M. S. Linscombe, D.L. Harrell, N. Adotey. 2018. Comparison of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline (2-AP) in rice at different growth stages. 5th International Rice Congress 2018. 15-17 October, 2018. Singapore, Singapore.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L., G. Schwab, M. Kongchum, and N. Adotey. 2018. Evaluations of Duromide, a new Urease Inhibitor on Ammonia Volatility, NUE and Rice Yield. 5th International Rice Congress 2018. 15-17 October, 2018. Singapore, Singapore.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Adotey, N., D.L. Harrell, M. Kongchum and A. Coker. Evaluation of flood timing on rice agronomics in a drill-seeded delayed flood rice production system. 2018 ASA and CSSA Meeting. 4-7 November, 2018. Baltimore, MD.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Coker, A., N. Adotey, T. Gentimis, D.L. Harrell, G. Henskins, M. Kongchum, L. Shiratsuchi, and B. Tubana. 2018. Comparison of UAV and Greenseeker NDVI vegetative indices to estimate rice grain yield potential. 2018 ASA and CSSA Meeting. 4-7 November, 2018. Baltimore, MD.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D.L., M. Kongchum, J.P. Leonards, J.S. Fluitt, and J.R. Hartman. 2018. Rice Agronomy. 109th Annual Research Report H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station. p. 111-315.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Harrell, D., S. Brown, A. Famoso, K. Fontenot, D. Groth, J. Hebert, M. Kongchum, J. Oard, B. Wilson, E. Webster, and R. Zaunbrecher. 2018. 2018 Rice Varieties and Management Tips. Pub. 2270.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Stephen Harrison, Leonards, James P., Price, III, Paul P., Purvis, Myra, Padgett, Guy B., Waltman, William F., Stapp, John, Woodard, Caitlin, Stephenson, Daniel O., Arceneaux, Kelly J., Fluitt, Jacob, Mascagni, Jr., Henry J., Washam, Paul, Harrell, Dustin L., Groth, Donald E., Kongchum, Manoch 2018. 2018 Small Grain Performance Trials. LAES Research Summary No. 212.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Spivey, T., J. Davis, C. Hollier, C. Woodard, D.O. Stephenson, P.K. Bollich, T. Normand, B. Buckley, P. Price, E.P. Webster, M. Purvis, G.B. Padgett, D.L. Harrell, M. Kongchum. 2018. 2018 Soybean variety yields and production practices. Pub. 2269. LSU AgCenter. Baton Rouge, LA. (in press)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Thomson, A.M, Linquist, B., Marcos, M., Adviento-Borbe, A., Anders, M., Buttner, P., Freemyer, T., Harrell, D., Linscombe, S., Ottis, B., Parkhurst, R., Ramsey, S., Reba, M., Runkle, B., Snyder, C., and Tarpley, L. 2018. Decision Support Tool for Evaluating Methane Emissions Reduction Opportunities from Rice Production. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 37:44-45.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Linquist, B., Marcos, M., Anders, M., Harrell, D., Linscombe, S., Reba, M., Runkle, B., and Tarpley, L. 2018. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Management Practices that Impact Them in U.S. Rice Systems. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 37:45-46.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Dodla, S., Adotey, N., Meng, Y., Harrell, D., Kongchum, M., and Wang, J.J. 2018. N-Stabilizers and Temperature Effect on NH3 Volatilization and N2O Emissions from Poultry Litter. Proc. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 37:130-132.
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Progress 11/14/16 to 09/30/17
Outputs Target Audience:Audiences for this project include rice, soybean, grain sorghum, and wheat producers, consultants, breeders, as well as soil fertility,agronomy professionals and the Louisiana rice industry. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The project generated several presentations at professional meetings. Multiple journal articles, newsletter articles, popular press articles, field day presentations, and grower meeting presentations provided information on fertilizer and agronomic recommendations to producers, crop consultants, and extension agents. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The project disseminated information via presentations at professional meetings, field days, grower meetings, consultant/extension agent trainings, and grower advisory group meetings. Further dissemination was accomplished by publishing in scientific journals, newsletters, LSU AgCenter publications, and popular press magazines. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?New rice varieties and hybrids are being developed at breeding programs throughout the U.S. and will need to be evaluated for their adaptability in north and southwest Louisiana environments and also will need to be evaluated for their response to N fertilization rate and time of application.New rice varieties seeding rate and plant population trials will need to be conducted to generate agronomic recommendations. New and currently marketed soybean, sorghum, and wheat varieties will be evaluated for their adaptability for southwest Louisiana.New composite and enhanced efficiency N fertilizers are being developed and marketed every year and need to be evaluated for their effectiveness in a rice production management system. Fertilizer P, K, and zinc rate, source, and time of application will be evaluated at multiple locations. Ratoon rice response to N and stubble management will be evaluated.
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
Improved agronomic, fertility, and cultural management recommendations based on sound research for rice and rice rotational crops have been developed as a result of this project. Eight recently released rice varieties (Titan, Thad, CL153, CL272, Diamond, PVL01, Arua115, and CL172) and two rice hybrids (XL760 and Gemini 214CL) were evaluated for their response to nitrogen (N) application rate and time of application at the H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station (RRS) and cooperator locations in Vermilion (VP), Franklin (FP), St. Landry (SLP), and Richland (RP) parishes. Multiple trials were conducted to evaluate the seeding rate in a drill-seeded, delayed flood rice production system for the Clearfield and Provisia lines. Several enhanced efficiency N fertilizers were evaluated for their volatility control and recommendations were generated. Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilizer timing, sources, and application rates were evaluated in rice main and ratoon crops. Ratoon rice stubble management practices were evaluated. Soybean, grain sorghum, and wheat varieties were evaluated in variety trials and results were published.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L., S. Brown, A. Famoso, K. Fontenot, D. Groth, J. Hebert, M. Kongchum, S. Linscombe, J. Oard, M. Stout, E. Webster, and R. Zaunbrecher. 2017. Rice Varieties and Management Tips 2017. LSU AgCenter Publication No. 2270. Baton Rouge, LA.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Levy, R., J. Davis, C. Hollier, C. Woodard, D.O. Stephenson, P.K. Bollich, T. Normand, B. Buckley, P. Price, E.P. Webster, M. Purvis, G.B. Padgett, D.L. Harrell, M. Kongchum. 2017. 2017 Soybean variety yields and production practices. Pub. 2269. LSU AgCenter. Baton Rouge, LA.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrison, S.A., K.J. Arceneaux, B. Buckley, J. Eads, J. Fluitt, D.E. Groth, D.L. Harrell, M. Kongchum, J.P. Leonards, A, Lunos, H.J. Mascagni, Jr., K. McCarthy, G.B. Padgett, P. Price, M. Purvis, J. Stapp, D. Stephenson, W. Waltman, P. Washam, G. Williams and K. Woodward. 2017. 2017 Small Grain Performance Trials. LAES Research Summary No. 212.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Adotey, N., M. Kongchum, G.B. Whitehurst, E. Sucre, J. Li and D.L. Harrell. 2017. Ammonia volatilization of zinc sulfate coated and NBPT treated urea fertilizers. Agronomy Journal. doi: 10.2134/agronj2017.03.0153.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Adotey, N., D.L. Harrell and W. Weatherford. 2017. Characterization and liming effect of wood ash generated from a biomass-fueled commercial power plant. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis (accepted).
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. and D. Groth. 2017. 26 July edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2017(9):1-5.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2017. 19 June edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2017(8):1-8.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2017. 7 June edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2017(7):1-6.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L., D. Groth, and B. Wilson. 2 June edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2017(6):1-7.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. and D. Groth. 2017. 19 May edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2017(5):1-7.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2017. 4 May edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2017(4):1-6.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. and D. Groth. 2017. 30 March edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2017(3):1-8.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L., M. Deliberto, M. Stout, B. Wilson, and A. Wilson. 2017. 22 March edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2017(2):1-11.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2017. 23 February edition. Louisiana Rice Notes. 2017(1):1-5.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. and S. Linscombe. 2017. Bird repellents for seeded and headed rice. H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station News. 14(1):3.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2017. Maximizing yield potential in the ratoon crop. H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station News. 14(2):1.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2017. The use of UAVs to determine mid-season N. H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station News. 14(3):7.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2017. What you need to know if you plan to plant the new Provisia rice variety PVL01. H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station News. 14(4):7.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2017. The 2017 rice season was anything but normal in Louisiana. (in press).
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2017. Fungicide timing critical for smut management. Rice Farming. 51(5):19.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2017. Pre-flood nitrogen should always be applied on dry soil. Rice Farming. 51(4):18.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2017. Sulfur and zinc fertilizer sources are important. Rice Farming. 51(3):20.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2017. Maximize fertilizer efficiency with these rules. Rice Farming. 51(2):25.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. 2017. Rice varieties, hybrids to mull for Louisiana in 2017. Rice Farming. 51(1):19.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Adotey N., M. Kongchum, G. B. Whitehurst, E. Sucre, J. Li, and D. L. Harrell. Zinc sulfate coated urea fertilizer as a potential zinc source in drill-seeded, delayed flood rice production. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meeting, Tampa, LA, Oct. 22-25, 2017.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Adotey, N., M. Kongchum, G. Schwab, J. Li, J. Leonards, J. Fluitt, and D. L. Harrell. Ammonia volatilization from surface applied urea and NBPT-treated urea at different soil moisture conditions. 15th Annual Nitrogen Use Efficiency Conference, Baton Rouge, LA, Aug. 7-9, 2017.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Adotey, N., M. Kongchum, G. Schwab, J. Li, J. Leonards, J. Fluitt, and D. L. Harrell. Effect of soil moisture on the efficiency of pre-flood urea and NBPT-treated urea applications in rice. H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station Field Day, Rayne, LA, June 28, 2017.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Kongchum, M., D.L. Harrell, and N. Adotey. Effect of flood timing on rice grain yield in a drill-seeded, delayed flood rice production system. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meeting, Tampa, LA, Oct. 22-25, 2017.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L., G. Schwab, M. Kongchum, and N. Adotey. Effect of soil moisture on the efficiency of pre-flood N applications in rice. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meeting, Tampa, LA, Oct. 22-25, 2017.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L., M. Kongchum, and N. Adotey. The effect of soil moisture on efficiency of pre-flood nitrogen applications in rice. International Temperate Rice Conference. 6-9 March 2017. Griffith, Australia.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Kongchum, M., D. Harrell, and S. Linscombe. 2017. Effect of Water Management Practices on N Uptake, N Use Efficiency, and Grain Yield of Rice Grown in South Louisiana. International Temperate Rice Conference, Griffith, New South Wales, Australia, March 6-9, 2017.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L., M. Kongchum, and N. Adotey. Effect of soil moisture on efficiency of pre-flood nitrogen applications in rice. 15th Annual Nitrogen Use Efficiency Conference, Baton Rouge, LA, Aug. 7-9, 2017.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L. Nitrogen and seeding rate evaluations of newly released rice varieties. 20th Annual National Conservation Systems Cotton and Rice Conference. 30-31 Feb. 2017. Baton Rouge, LA.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Harrell, D.L., M. Kongchum, J.P. Leonards, J.S. Fluitt, and J.R. Hartman. 2017. Rice Agronomy. In 108th Annual Research Report, H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station. La. Agri. Exp. Stn., LSU AgCenter, 108:97-262.
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