Source: UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS submitted to NRP
EASTERN WHITE PINE HEALTH AND RESPONSES TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1011399
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
NE-1601
Project Start Date
Oct 21, 2016
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2021
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS
(N/A)
AMHERST,MA 01003
Performing Department
Center for Agriculture
Non Technical Summary
Eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) is a crucial ecological and economic component of forests in the eastern U.S. and Canada. In the southeastern U.S., white pine is an especially critical associate of forests in the Appalachian Mountains as hemlock trees have been in decline due to the exotic hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae). Yet throughout the eastern U.S., from Georgia to Michigan to Maine and adjacent areas in Canada, white pines have experienced unprecedented damage in recent years due to native pests and pathogens that reduce the species' growth, productivity, and economic value.White pine has enormous economic value throughout its range.Over the region, the net volume of white pine saw logs is over 186 billion board feet (USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis). With a typical market price of $100/1,000 bd ft, the potential value of standing white pine is $18.6 billion.White pine attains the largest dimensions of any eastern tree serving as a critical habitat for many species of wildlife that depend on emergent crowns and large snags and downed woody debris. In addition, white pine serves as an important landscape ornamental and is widely planted in towns and cities across the eastern United States. Increasingly, urban and suburban trees are being relied upon to perform valuable services such as carbon sequestration, stormwater capture, reducing heating/cooling hosts through wind buffering and shade and improving aesthetics.More information is needed on white pine health issues to better understand how well white pine can continue to provide these ecosystem features and identify effective management strategies to enhance white pine health and resilience in the face of these threats.
Animal Health Component
100%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
100%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
12306991070100%
Goals / Objectives
Obtain essential information about pests, pathogens, site conditions, and climate associated with white pine health issues in the eastern US.
Project Methods
Results from the various studies and surveys that are conducted will be distilled down into the most important and useful information for tree care professionals. Specifically, information that allows these people to better identify and diagnose pests, pathogens and abiotic stresses of white pine and how/if these stresses can be managed on the landscape. This will be performed through seminars, workshops, trainings, newsletters and social media. Some of these seminars and workshops are organized and conducted by private organizations that invite members of UMass Extension to participate in while all written material will be disseminated directly through UMass Extension.

Progress 10/21/16 to 09/30/21

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience for this project ranged from forest ecologists, forest managers, urban foresters, tree wardens, arborists, plant health care professionals, landscapers and the general public. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?This project provided many opportunities for professional development. New diagnostic skills were obtained in both pathology and entomology, as the various causal agents were identified from declining trees. The large size of the group afforded collaboration and discussion with pathologists, entomologists and foresters from many different states. This allowed for new professional relationships to develop, furthering the collaborative ability of the group. More specifically, during conferences and annual meetings the group held, there was direct training on identification of the insect pests and fungal needle blight pathogens that have plagued eastern white pine. Additional training was obtained on the stand conditions that help to facilitate disease and insect outbreak and the management options that are available to improve tree vigor. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results have been disseminated through almost every possible medium: in-person seminars, webinars, hardcopy fact sheets, web-based fact sheets, web-based newsletters, email/phone conversations and diagnostic samples. During the pandemic, allin-person events ended, making webinars and web-based material the primary outreach tools. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Over the course of this project, the group made tremendous strides in understanding why eastern white pine has been declining over the past decade throughout its natural range. Large-scale surveys of insect pests and fungal pathogens were carried out, which helped to elucidate the causal agents responsible. The linkage of decline to a changing climate, through detailed examination of weather data, also substantially improved our understanding of why decline is happening. I was able to share and disseminate this information to green industry professionals through a variety of outlets, such as: live presentations, webinars, web-based fact sheets and newsletters and diagnostic samples. We have reached thousands of interested parties that either directly manage white pines or own properties with declining trees and want to understand more about their health. The project provided the framework to seek additional funding for extension and outreach. Specifically, we were able to secure external funding provided by the Renewable Resources Extension Act - National Focus Funds. These funds are being used to develop new and innovative outreach products and delivery approaches for engaging natural resource professionals and landowners to understand eastern white pine health issues and how to minimize risks. We are also targeting stakeholders from rural communities and from the rural/urban interface to address concerns and implement strategies to improve the health and sustainability of eastern white pine.

Publications

  • Type: Websites Status: Submitted Year Published: 2019 Citation: https://ag.umass.edu/landscape/fact-sheets/dieback-of-eastern-white-pine
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2018 Citation: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/forest-ecology-and-management/vol/423/suppl/C


Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20

Outputs
Target Audience:Arborists, tree wardens, plant health coordinators and other green industry professionals that work with eastern white pine in landscape and urban settings. Changes/Problems:Due to the pandemic, we were unable to conduct our annual meeting in June of 2020. However, a virtual meeting was conducted in December and we were able to complete the basic functions required to move forward. However, the field meeting was ultimatelyrescheduled to 2022, creating a significant gap in time between our last in-person meeting. The in-person meetingsgreatly facilitate discussion, collaboration and planning for future work and this has been difficult to replicate with virtual. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Along with colleagues at the University of Maine and University of New Hampshire, we were able to secure external funding provided by the Renewable Resources Extension Act - National Focus Funds. The project, starting in January of 2021, has two major goals: 1)Develop new and innovative outreach products and delivery approaches for engaging natural resource professionals and landowners to understand eastern white pine health issues and how to minimize risks; and: 2)Involve stakeholders from rural communities and from the rural/urban interface to address concerns and implement strategies to improve the health and sustainability of eastern white pine. The work performed by the USDA NE1601 group provided the foundation to seek these funds and will continue to serve as the backbone for future work on the health of eastern white pine. By targetinglarge forest landowers, rural communitiesand stakeholders in urban areas, we aim provide educational outreach across all habitats of eastern white pine.

Publications


    Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19

    Outputs
    Target Audience:The target audience for this project continues to be arborists, landscapers, foresters, woodlot owners and the general public. Efforts to reach the target audience: (i) online newsletters published through UMass Extension which include the Landscape Message and Hort Notes. Both publications are disseminated to thousands of green industry professionals and homeowners each year; (ii) invited seminars for state and regional trade groups, such as the Massachusetts Arborist Association, Massachusetts Tree Wardens and Foresters Association and SavATree; (iii) fact sheets posted on the UMass Extension website. In 2019, the annual meeting of USDA NE1601 was held in Hadley, MA. In addition to members of the group, the meeting was opened to green industry professionals seeking to learn more about white pine decline. Half of the meeting participants were composed of industry professionals. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Yes, the results of various studies has been disseminated through various outlets described above. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? As the group continues to work on eastern white pine decline, the causal agents responsible and management strategies aimed at correcting the problem are becoming clearer. My role is to capture this information and share it with concerned stakeholders in the region through our network of outreach channels. Specifically, the latest information on white pine decline has been shared throughonline newsletters, a new fact sheet(https://ag.umass.edu/landscape/fact-sheets/dieback-of-eastern-white-pine), and invited seminars. In doing so,I have been able to share research findings and management strategies with thousands of people in the northeast and beyond. I also continue to provide diagnostics and support for arborists and foresters that submit samples to the UMass Plant Diagnostic Lab.

    Publications


      Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18

      Outputs
      Target Audience:The target audience of this work spans both traditional forestry (foresters and loggers), urban forestry (tree wardens, arborists and landscapers) and homeowners. All have a stake in the health of white pine, given the tree's importance in commercial forestry and in landscapes throughout the Commonwealth. For this particular componment of the project, tree wardens and arborists were targeted through invited seminars such as the annual meetings of the Massachusetts Tree Wardens' and Foresters' Association and the UMass Community Tree Conference. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results for each stakeholder group (city, town, college/University and homeowner) have be disseminated through direct communication, phone calls, emails, written reports and invited seminars. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Massachusetts DCR will continue to submitwhite pine needle samples to the UMass Plant Diagnostic Lab from permenant plots established in state forests in 2018. These will be used to better understand the regional variability in white pine needle blight pathogens in the northeast, in collaboration with other states.

      Impacts
      What was accomplished under these goals? Data on pathogen incidence was recorded from white pine samples submitted to the UMass Plant Diagnostic Laboratory. 29 white pine needle samples were processed from Massachusetts and Vermont as part of aregion-wide survey of white pine needle pathogens conducted through the USDA Forest Service.

      Publications

      • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Wyka SA, Munck IA, Brazee NJ and Broders KD. 2018. Response of eastern white pine and associated foliar, canker and root rot pathogens to climate change. Forest Ecology and Management 423: 1826.


      Progress 10/21/16 to 09/30/17

      Outputs
      Target Audience:The target audience of this work spans both traditional forestry (foresters and loggers), urban forestry (tree wardens, arborists and landscapers) and homeowners. All have a stake in the health of white pine, given the tree's importance in commercial forestry and in landscapes throughout the Commonwealth. For this particular componment of the project, tree wardens and arborists were targeted through invited seminars such as the annual meetings of theMassachusetts Tree Wardens' and Foresters' Association and the UMass Community Tree Conference. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results for each stakeholder group (city, town, college/University and homeowner) have be disseminated through direct communication, phone calls, emails, written reports and invited seminars. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Massachusetts DCR will be submitting white pine needlesamples to the UMass Plant Diagnostic Lab from permenant plots established in state forests in 2018. These will be used to better understand the regional variability in white pine needle blight pathogens in the northeast, in collaboration with other states.

      Impacts
      What was accomplished under these goals? Based on white pine samples submitted to the UMass Plant Diagnostic Laboratory, data on pathogen incidence from various tissues (needles, stems and branches) was collected and recorded.

      Publications

      • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2017 Citation: Extension Landscape Message (http://ag.umass.edu/landscape/landscape-message-may-12-2017). As of 1/22/18, this issue has received 1,920 unique website views.