Source: IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY submitted to
NANOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOSENSORS
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
HATCH
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1011097
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
NC-_old1194
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2016
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2021
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Project Director
Yu, CH.
Recipient Organization
IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY
2229 Lincoln Way
AMES,IA 50011
Performing Department
Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
Non Technical Summary
Development of sensing and processing technologies utilizing nanotechnology has become more relevant for furthering our understanding of biological phenomena related to food, agriculture, environment, and energy. As we understand the molecular mechanisms that underlie the emergence and spread of pathogens and their consequent impact on our agricultural and food systems, and gain insight into the molecular mechanism of life itself, it becomes clear that the technology to investigate, intervene and mitigate need to be correspondingly small, i.e. within the realm of nanotechnology.In this project we will develop tools to help further our understanding of nanoscale phenomena, so that better nano-based technology can be developed; we will also build devices using nano-based approaches that can detect various pathogens faster and more accurately; we will work on reaching out to the public with more precise and easy-to-understand information about nanotechnology, and their potential impacts, to better educate them and answer to their concerns.Our ultimate goal is to create and generate successful commercial applications for nanotechnology in agriculture, food, and biological processing fields.
Animal Health Component
10%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
60%
Applied
10%
Developmental
30%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
7127299103010%
4022499202060%
5017010100010%
4025010201020%
Knowledge Area
712 - Protect Food from Contamination by Pathogenic Microorganisms, Parasites, and Naturally Occurring Toxins; 501 - New and Improved Food Processing Technologies; 402 - Engineering Systems and Equipment;

Subject Of Investigation
7010 - Biological Cell Systems; 7299 - Research equipment and methods, general/other; 2499 - Plant research, general; 5010 - Food;

Field Of Science
2010 - Physics; 2020 - Engineering; 1030 - Cellular biology; 1000 - Biochemistry and biophysics;
Goals / Objectives
Develop new technologies for characterizing fundamental nanoscale processes Construct and characterize self-assembled nanostructures Develop devices and systems incorporating microfabrication and nanotechnology Develop a framework for economic, environmental and health risk assessment for nanotechnologies applied to food, agriculture and biological systems Develop/improve education and outreach materials on nanofabrication, sensing, systems integration and application risk assessment
Project Methods
To achieve our goals we need to develop new technologies for characterizing fundamental nanoscale processes. To successfully and safely exploit nanotechnology it is essential first to have quantitative bases for observing, understanding, and predicting nanoscale phenomena. Specific needs include a) characterization of nanofabrication methods; b) characterization of molecular and cellular interactions at the nanoscale; c) characterization of optical and other material properties of nanomaterials; d) new tools to manipulate cellular processes, and; e) study of the transport and fate of nanoparticles in the environment and in living tissues. We will utilize and develop a variety of physical, chemical and biological tools to address these specific needs.The outputs of the project will be evaluated as follows:Research/development will be evaluated based on the number of technical papers and presentation produced over the time span of the project.Teaching/outreach will be evaluated based on students feedback/audience feedback, through questionnaires and surveys conducted periodically throughout the duration of the project.

Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/21

Outputs
Target Audience:Our target audience includes people who are interested in identifying novel technologies to address their needs for disease diagnosis, development of nano-enabled vaccines, monitoring chemical contaminates and biological hazards in water, food and environments, as well as people who are interested in identifying novel ways to process foods, add functionality to foods, and evaluate food quality nondestructively. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Over the past five years, the project supported training of 4 MS students and 2 PhD students.Among them, 2 MS and 1 PhDstudents graduated in 2020,1 MS and 1 PhD students graduated in 2021.The project supported their participation in the Gordon research conference on "nanotechnology in agriculture and food systems" in June 2018. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Through peer-reviewed journal publications and presentation at technical conferences. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Outcomes and Impact is described under each objective... Objective 1... Develop new technologies for characterizing fundamental nanoscale processes. In this period, we work on understanding the phosphorescence resonance energy transfer between fluorephore and carbon nanoparticles, and utilized the knowledge to develop aptasensors for detection of cadmium in foods. Cadmium is a highly toxic carcinogenic that is harmful to most of the body's systems, especially to the lungs, bones, and kidneys. For the last five years, we have alsoevaluated production and presence of carbon nanoparticles in foods, and their fluorescence and bioluminescence properties. It furthered our understanding of naturally occurring nanoscale processes in food matrix which may lead to better utilization of these nano-phenomena. Objective 2... Construct and characterize self-assembled nanostructures. We continued working on development of nanovaccines using self-assembled nanostructures as carriers and cloned viral protein sigma 1 as a target recognition mechanism for improved delivery. With these new carriers, vaccines can be more effectively delivered orally to prevent infectious diseases such as COVID 19 from harming people and/or animals. We also worked on making functional nanocomplexes of brown algae polyphenols and Fucoxanthin@ Polyvinylpyrrolidone nanoparticles to improve their bioavailability, in addition to our work in the past 5 years on making polyphenol nanocompexes to improve their bioavailability.These nanostructures can make functional nutrients be better absorbed by people and/or animals to bring more health benefits, they can be utilized by pharmaceutal and food industries to develop better products. Objective 3... Develop devices and systems incorporating microfabrication and nanotechnology. We continued our work on SERS imaging to achieve fast detection of pathogens in contaminated low moisture foods. We also continued investigating the potential of using nanomaterials to enhance properties of fish surimi gel made from frozen-stored asian carps. These findings can guide development of better biosensors to assure food safety, and better foods with improved flavor, taste and nutrition. Objective 4 ... Develop a framework for economic, environmental and health risk assessment for nanotechnologies applied to food, agriculture and biological systems. In 2021 we organized a team of experts to write a review article on nanoplastics and its potential impact on human society and the environment. The article is under review and is expected to be published in 2022. In the past five years, we also worked onevaluation of the effect of carboneous nanoparticles on soil microbiota, these nanoparticles can be added into soil during biochar soil amendment and their impact on soil is largely unknown, our workaimed to address this critical need.Our work will have the public better understand the risk associated with some of the nanomaterials in the agricultural and food supply chain, and help development of approaches to reduce those risks.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: McLamore ES, Alocilja E, Gomes C, Gunasekaran S, Jenkins D, Datta SPA, Li Y,Mao Y, Nugen SR, Reyes-De-Corcuera JI, Takhistov P, Tsyusko O, Cochran JP, Tzeng T, Yoon J, Yu C, Zhou A, FEAST of Biosensors: Food, Environmental and Agricultural Sensing Technologies (FEAST) in North America, Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2021.113011
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Tong T*, Liu X and Yu C, Extraction and Nano-Sized Delivery Systems for Phlorotannins to Improve Its Bioavailability and Bioactivity, Marine Drugs 19 (11), 625, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/md19110625
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: He Q*, Yang J*, Zabotina O, Yu C, Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic chemical imaging reveals distribution of pectin and its co-localization with xyloglucan inside onion epidermal cell wall, PLoS One, 16(5), e0250650, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250650
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Lai B, Wang HT, Su W, Wang Z, Zhu B, Yu C, Tan M, A phosphorescence resonance energy transfer-based off-on long afterglow aptasensor for cadmium detection in food samples, Talanta, 232, 122409, 2021 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122409
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Sui Y, Gu Y, Lu Y, Yu C, Zhang J, Qi H, Fucoxanthin@ Polyvinylpyrrolidone Nanoparticles Promoted Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death in Caco-2 Human Colon Cancer Cells, Marine Drugs, 19(2), 92, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/md19020092


Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20

Outputs
Target Audience:Our target audience also includes people who are interested in identifying novel technologies to address their needs for disease diagnosis, monitoring chemical contaminates and biological hazards in water, food and environments, as well as people who are interested in identifying novel ways to process foods and evaluate food quality nondestructively. These works were presented in five peer-reviewedpapers published during this project period. The audience included engineers and scientists developing novel nanomaterials and sensing platform/technologies for various applications in agriculture, biological and biomedical engineering, chemistry, environmental engineering and food engineering. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Through peer-reviewed journal publications What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will continue our work along the lines of combining nanotechnology and engineering to improve human and animal heath, through better disease diagnosis, nutraseutical and therapeutical delivery, and functiona/ food/feed production.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Objective 1... Develop new technologies for characterizing fundamental nanoscale processes. In this period, we continued our work on evaluation of production and presence of carbon nanoparticles in foods, and their potential health implications. It furthered our understanding of naturally occurring nanoscale processes in food matrix which may lead to better control of these nano-phenomena. Objective 2... Construct and characterize self-assembled nanostructures. We continued working on development of nano-vaccines using self-assembled nanostructures as carriers and cloned viral protein sigma 1 as a target recognition mechanism for improved delivery. We also worked on making functional nano-complexes of brown algae polyphenols to improve their bioavailability. Objective 3... Develop devices and systems incorporating microfabrication and nanotechnology. We continued our work on SERS imaging to achieve fast detection of pathogens in contaminated low moisture foods. We also continued investigating the potential of using portable Raman imaging to diagnose Chronic Downing disease in deer.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: He Q, Zabotina O, Yu C, PCA facilitated fast and non-invasive Raman spectroscopic imaging of plant cell wall pectin distribution and interaction with enzymatic hydrolysis, Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 51(12), 2458-2467, 2020
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Tong T, Qi Y, Bussiere, LD, Wannemuehler M, Miller CL, Wang Q, Yu C, Transport of Artificial Virus-like Nanocarriers (AVN) through intestinal monolayer via Microfold cells, Nanoscale, 12(30), 16339-16347, 2020
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Bai Y, Sun Y, Gu Y, Zheng J, Yu C, Qi H, Preparation, Characterization and Antioxidant Activities of Kelp Phlorotannin Nanoparticles, Molecules, 25(19), 4550, 2020
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Wang C, Chen X, Nakamura Y, Yu C, Qi H, Fucoxanthin activities motivate its nanoencapsulation for food or nutraceutical application: a review, Food and Function, 11, 9338-9358, 2020
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Pan C, Zhu B and Yu C, A Dual Immunological Raman-Enabled Crosschecking Test (DIRECT) for detection of Bacteria in Low Moisture Food, Biosensors, 10(12), 200, 2020.


Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19

Outputs
Target Audience:Our target audience also includes people who are interested in identifying novel technologies to address their needs for disease diagnosis, food process and engineering, monitoring chemical contaminations and biological hazards in water, food and environments, as well as people who are interested in identifying novel ways to evaluate food quality nondestructively. These works were presented in 16 peer reviewed papers. The audience included engineers and scientists developing novel nanomaterials and sensing platform/technologies for various applications in agriculture, biological and biomedical engineering, chemistry, food engineering, environmental engineering. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Students involved in these work were trained on nanotechnology, food engineering and food safety, data analysis, and communication skills. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results were disseminated via publication of technical papers in peer-reviewed journals What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will continue on our line of work to address the need of agricultural/food industry in relation to our goals. More specifically, we will continue the development of our SERS based biosensors for pathogen detection, novel solutions to food processing/engineering problems, spectroscopic biosensing for disease diganosis in human and animals, and impact of nanomaterials on the environment.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? IMPACT: Innovations in analytics and technologies, hold the promise of helping to feed and nourish a growing world population. In this period, we continued evaluating production and presence of carbon nanoparticles in foods, and their fluorescence and bioluminescence properties. It furthered our understanding of naturally occurring nanoscale processes in food matrix which may lead to better utilization of these nano-phenomena. Objective 1... Develop new technologies for characterizing fundamental nanoscale processes. In this period, we continued evaluating production and presence of carbon nanoparticles in foods, and their fluorescence and bioluminescence properties. Objective 2... Construct and characterize self-assembled nanostructures. We continued working on development of nano-vaccines using self-assembled nanostructures as carriers and cloned viral protein sigma 1 as a target recognition mechanism for improved delivery. Objective 3... Develop devices and systems incorporating microfabrication and nanotechnology. We continued our work on SERS imaging to achieve rapid detection of pathogens in low moisture foods. We also continued investigating the potential of using portable Raman imaging to diagnose Chronic Downing disease in deer.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Dong XF, Bai Y, Xu Z, Shi YX, Sun YH, Janaswamy S, Yu C, Qi H, Phlorotannins from Undaria pinnatifida Sporophyll: Extraction, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities, Marine Drugs, 17, 434, doi:10.3390/md17080434, 2019
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Xiong X, He BY, Jiang D, Koosis A, Yu C, Qi H, Postmortem biochemical and textural changes in the Patinopecten yessoensis adductor muscle (PYAM) during iced storage, Inter. J. Food Properties, 22, 1024-1034, 2019
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Sun H, Li DM, Jiang D, Dong XF, Yu C, Qi H, Protective polysaccharide extracts from sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida to improve cookie quality, Food Measurement and Characterization, 13(1), 764-774, 2019
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Zhang XY, Jiang D, Li DM, Yu C, Dong XF, Qi H, Characterization of a seafood-flavoring enzymatic hydrolysate from brown alga Laminaria japonica, Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 13(2), 1185-1194, 2019
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Li JQ, Cao L, Li DM, Yu C, Tan MQ, Carbon dots from roasted mackerel (scomberomorus niphonius) for free radical scavenging, LWT-Food Sci. Technol., 111, 588-593, 2019
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Bao R, Gao N, Lv J, Ji CF, Liang HP, Li SJ, Yu C, Wang ZY, Lin XP, Enhancement of Torularhodin Production in Rhodosporidium toruloides by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Transformation and Culture Condition Optimization, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 67 (4), 1156-1164, 2019
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Zhang, J, Hu J, Wang S, Lin X, Liang H, Li S, Yu C, Dong X, Ji C, Developing and Validating a UPLC-MS Method with a StageTip-Based Extraction for the Biogenic Amines Analysis in Fish, J Food Sci. 84(5),,1138-1144. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841, 2019
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Dong XP, Liu WT, Song X, Lin XY, Yu D, Yu C and Zhu BW, Characterization of Heat-Induced Water Adsorption of Sea Cucumber Body Wall, J. Food Science, 84(1),92-100, 2019
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Hu J, Zhao TF, Li SJ, Wang ZY, Wen CR, Wang HT, Yu C, Ji CF, Stability, microstructure, and digestibility of whey protein isolate  Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide complexes, Food Hydrocolloids, 89, 379-385, 2019
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Mammadova N, Kokemuller R, Summers C, He Q, Ding S, Baron T, Yu C, Valentine R, Sakaguchi D, Kanthasamy A, Greenlee J and Greenlee MHW, Accelerated accumulation of retinal ?-synuclein (pSer129) and tau, neuroinflammation and autophagic dysregulation in a seeded mouse model of Parkinsons disease, Neurobiology of Disease, 121, 1-16, 2019 Impacts:
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Li, SJ, Yu C, Pan JF, Ma RC, Lin XP and Dong XP, Combined effects of aging and low temperature, long time heating on pork toughness, Meat Science, 150, 33-39. 2019
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Lv J, Yang Z, Xu W, Li S, Liang H, Ji C, Yu C, Zhu B, Lin X, Relationships between bacterial community and metabolites of sour meat at different temperature during the fermentation, Int J Food Microbiol. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.108286, 2019
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Xiong X, He BY, Jiang D, Dong XF, Yu C and Qi H, Postmortem biochemical and textural changes in the sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus body wall (SJBW) during iced storage, LWT-Food Sci. Technol., doi. 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108705, 2019
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Jiang D, Bai Y, He BY, Sui Y, Dong XF, Yu C and Qi H, Improvement of gel properties of mackerel mince by phlorotannin extracts from sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifidai and UVA induced cross-linking, J. Textural Studies, DOI:10.1111/jtxs.12480, 2019
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Liu XY, Wang ZX, Zhang J, Song L, Li DY, Wu ZX, Zhu BW, Nakamura Y, Shahidi F, Yu C, and Zhou DY, Isolation and identification of zinc-chelating peptides from sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) protein hydrolysate, J. the Science of Food and Agriculture, DOI:10.1002/jsfa.9919, 2019
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Liu XY, Wang ZX, Yin FW, Liu YX, Qin NB, Nakamura Y, Shahidi F, Yu C, Zhou DY, Zhu BW, Zinc-Chelating Mechanism of Sea Cucumber (Stichopus japonicus)-Derived Synthetic Peptides, Marine Drugs, 17, 438, doi:10.3390/md17080438, 2019


Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18

Outputs
Target Audience:Our target audience also includes people who are interested in identifying novel technologies to address their needs for disease diagnosis, monitoring chemical contaminations and biological hazards in water, food and environments, as well as people who are interested in identifying novel ways to evaluate food quality nondestructively. These works were presented in two peer reviewed conferences, and 5 peer reviewed papers have been published. The audience included engineers and scientists developing novel nanomaterials and sensing platform/technologies for various applications in agriculture, biological and biomedical engineering, chemistry, environmental engineering. The five conferences are also open to industrial personnel as well as general public. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The project supported our participation in the Gordon research conference on "nanotechnology in agriculture and food systems" in June 2018. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will continue our work outlined above aiming to achieve the objectives of the project. More specifically, we will focus on our work to understand the interaction between carboneous nanoparticles and soil microbiota.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? IMPACT: There is a growing need to develop a handheld, smartphone-based biosensor that can detect the type and concentration of pathogens from myriads of food (fresh produce and meat) and water (waste and irrigation) samples. These biosensors must be designed and manufactured to be easy-to-use, all-in-one, and extremely sensitive (down to single cell level or picogram protein level). Advances in these field may lead to more effective means for biosensing. Objective 1. Develop new technologies for characterizing fundamental nanoscale processes. In this period, we evaluated production and presence of carbon nanoparticles in foods, and their fluorescence and bioluminescence properties. It furthered our understanding of naturally occurring nanoscale processes in food matrix which may lead to better utilization of these nano-phenomena. Objective 2. Construct and characterize self-assembled nanostructures. We continued working on development of nano-vaccines using self-assembled nanostructures as carriers and cloned viral protein sigma 1 as a target recognition mechanism for improved delivery. Objective 3. Develop devices and systems incorporating microfabrication and nanotechnology. We continued our work on SERS imaging to achieve single-cell level detection of pathogens in water with sub-strain level specificity and in contaminated powdered dried foods. We also continued investigating the potential of using portable Raman imaging to diagnose Chronic Downing disease in deer. Objective No. 4. Develop a framework for economic, environmental and health risk assessment for nanotechnologies applied to food, agriculture and biological systems. We started to work on evaluation of the effect of carboneous nanoparticles on soil microbiota during this period, these nanoparticles can be added into soil during biochar soil amendment andtheir impact on soil is largelyunknown. We aim to address this critical need. The work is undergoing. Object No. 5. Develop/improve education and outreach materials on nanofabrication, sensing, systems integration and application risk assessment. Nothing to report

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Ji C, Han J, Zhang J, Hu J, Fu Y, Qi H, Sun Y, Yu C. Omics-prediction of bioactive peptides from the edible cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis proteome. J Sci Food Agric. 2017 Jul 14. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.8546
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Bi J, Li Y, Wang H, Song Y, Cong S, Yu C, Zhu BW, Tan M, Presence and Formation Mechanism of Foodborne Carbonaceous Nanostructures from Roasted Pike Eel (Muraenesox cinereus), J Agric Food Chem. 66(11). 2862-2869. 2018 doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02303
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Cong S, Bi J, Song X, Yu C, Tan M. Ultrasmall fluorescent nanoparticles derived from roast duck: their physicochemical characteristics and interaction with human serum albumin. Food Funct. Apr 25;9(4):2490-2495. doi: 10.1039/c8fo00178b. PubMed PMID: 29644375. 2018
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Dong, XF, H Fu, S Chang, X Zhang, H Sun, B He, D Jiang, C Yu & H Qi, Textural and biochemical changes of scallop Patinopecten yessoensis adductor muscle during low-temperature long-time (LTLT) processing, Inter. J. Food Properties, DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2017.137312, 2018.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Dong X, Fan X, Wang Y, Qi L, Liang S, et al. The effect of different pretreatments on the quality of ready-to-eat jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye products. Fisheries Science. 84(2):1-10, 2018.


Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17

Outputs
Target Audience:Our target audience includes people who are interested in identifying novel technologies to address their needs for disease diagnosis, monitoring chemical contaminations and biological hazards in water, food and environments, as well as people who are interested in identifying novel ways to evaluate food quality nondestructively. These works were presented in two peer reviewed conferences, and 5 peer reviewed papers have been published. The audience included engineers and scientists developing novel nanomaterials and sensing platform/technologies for various applications in agriculture, biological and biomedical engineering, chemistry, environmental engineering. The five conferences are also open to industrial personnel as well as general public. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?These works were presented in two peer reviewed conferences, and 5 peer reviewed papers have been published. The audience included engineers and scientists developing novel nanomaterials and sensing platform/technologies for various applications in agriculture, biological and biomedical engineering, chemistry, environmental engineering. The five conferences are also open to industrial personnel as well as general public. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continued work on all objectives.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? IMPACT: There is a growing need to develop a handheld, smartphone-based biosensor that can detect the type and concentration of pathogens from myriads of food (fresh produce and meat) and water (waste and irrigation) samples. These biosensors must be designed and manufactured to be easy-to-use, all-in-one, and extremely sensitive (down to single cell level or picogram protein level). This project period we increased knowledge which can lead to advances in nanotechnologies. Advances in these field may lead to more effective means for biosensing. Objective 1... Develop new technologies for characterizing fundamental nanoscale processes. In this period, we evaluated production and presence of carbon nanoparticles in foods, and their fluorescence and bioluminescence properties. It furthered our understanding of naturally occurring nanoscale processes in food matrix which may lead to better utilization of these nano-phenomena. Objective 2... Construct and characterize self-assembled nanostructures. We continued working on development of nano-vaccines using self-assembled nanostructures as carriers. Objective 3... Develop devices and systems incorporating microfabrication and nanotechnology. We continued our work on microfluidic Raman biosensors which integrated microfluidic device with SERS imaging to achieve single-cell level detection of pathogens in water with sub-strain level specificity. We also investigate the potential of using portable Raman imaging to diagnose Chronic Downing disease in deer.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Wang C, F. Madiyar, C. Yu and J Li, Detection of extremely low concentration waterborne pathogen using a multiplexing self-referencing SERS microfluidic biosensor, Journal of Biological Engineering, 11:1-11, 2017.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Kadam D. M., M. Thunga, G. Srivivasan, S. Wang, M. R. Kessler, D. Grewell, C. Yu and B. Lamsal, Effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on thermo-mechanical properties of cast zein protein films, Food Packaging and Shelf life, 13, 35-43, 2017
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Li Y, Bi J, Liu S, Wang H, Yu C, Li D, Zhu BW, Tan M. Presence and formation of fluorescence carbon dots in a grilled hamburger. Food Funct. 2017 Jul 19;8(7):2558-2565. doi: 10.1039/c7fo00675f
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Bi J, Li Y, Wang H, Song Y, Cong S, Yu C, Zhu BW, Tan M, Presence and Formation Mechanism of Foodborne Carbonaceous Nanostructures from Roasted Pike Eel (Muraenesox cinereus), J Agric Food Chem. 2017 Jun 23. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02303
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Cao L, Song X, Song Y, Bi J, Cong S, Yu C and Tan M, Fluorescent Nanoparticles from Mature Vinegar: Their Properties and Interaction with Dopamine, Food Funct. 2017, Nov. 14. Doi. 10.1039/C7FO01475A