IDENTIFYING, ASSESSING AND MANAGING INVASIVE INSECTS ON GUAM

• Sponsoring Institution: National Institute of Food and Agriculture
• Project Status: COMPLETE
• Funding Source: HATCH
• Reporting Frequency: Annual
• Accession No.: 1010927
• Project Start Date: Oct 29, 2016
• Project End Date: Sep 30, 2021
• Program Code: [(N/A)]- (N/A)

Recipient Organization
UNIVERSITY OF GUAM UOG STATION
(N/A)
MANGILAO,GU 96913

Performing Department
Experiment Station

Non Technical Summary
Because of its status of a military and transportation hub in the Western Pacific, Guam is subject to invasive by many exotic and potentially harmful insect species. Recent estimates put the number of insects arriving and gaining a foothold on Guam at about 2.5 per month, dramatically up from the 1 to 2 per year that were established 20 years ago, and the 1 to 2 per 10,000 years that were likely established before humans arrived on the island. Many of these insect pests pose direct threats to agriculture, human health, and natural resources, and once on Guam have the potential to spread to the environmentally fragile adjacent islands of Micronesia.The threat posed by exotic invasive insects can be minimized through research that anticipates and disrupts their probable pathways of arrival by air and sea, identifies them promptly if and when they do arrive on island, promotes the implementation of rapid and effective control measures against them, prevents their spread to adjacent islands, and is effective and economical. The surveys and control measures described in this proposal attempt to do that by targeting those pests, such as Hemiptera and ants, that are found in countries and US states where most of the human and cargo traffic to Guam originate, establishing pest surveys with personnel trained in insect identification on Guam and the adjacent islands of the CNMI and Micronesia. Once established, the most effect methods of control are employed, which usually consist of introducing natural enemies of those pests from their home countries to Guam combined with chemical control methods as needed. Through such action the number and identity of of exotic insect pests entering Guam will be determined, their potential impact on agriculture, human health, or environmental resources estimated, and appropriate control methods implemented. Not only will the pest problem be mitigated for Guam, but surrounding islands will be protected from these invasive insect pests.

Animal Health Component

80%

Research Effort Categories

Basic

10%

Applied

80%

Developmental

10%

Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)	Subject of Investigation (SOI)	Field of Science (FOS)	Percent
205	1429	1130	50%
211	0640	1130	25%
211	1419	1130	25%

Knowledge Area
211 - Insects, Mites, and Other Arthropods Affecting Plants; 205 - Plant Management Systems;

Subject Of Investigation
1419 - Leguminous vegetables, general/other; 0640 - Tropical forests; 1429 - Cucurbits, other;

Field Of Science
1130 - Entomology and acarology;

Keywords

invasive species

insects

hemiptera

ants

aphids

insular ecosystems

Goals / Objectives
The major objective of the proposed research is to assess the threat posed by various introduced insect pests on Guam and in Micronesia by identifying invasive pests in a timely fashion as they arrive, assessing their threat to agriculture and natural ecosystems on Guam, and to formulate mitigation procedures for the most serious of those insect pests.

Project Methods
Surveys of the key invasive insect pests will be conducted on Guam and throughout Micronesia. Emphasis will be placed on Hemiptera (aphids, mealybugs, scales and psyllids) and Hymenoptera (ants, wasps, and bees). Data will be collected on the distribution of these and other insect pests and coupled with data on abiotic factors associated with the humid tropical climate of Micronesia. The potential for introducing natural enemies of these pests will be examined and biological control will implemented if deemed feasible.Aphids and ants and other exotic insect pests will be sampled from Guam and other islands in Micronesia as funds allow. Growth rates, host preference, genetic, morphological and genetic variation, biotype identity, and potential economic impact will be examined in the laboratory, in the field, and in collaboration with workers at institutions in Micronesia, the Western Pacific Region, and the US mainland as funds are available.Other invasive insect pests will be encountered during the course of this study. These insects will be monitored during surveillance surveys targeting specific pests and commodities. As data indicate that populations of these pests are approaching economically serious levels, or in response to public demand, further research will be initiated to assess the extent of potential economic and environmental damage, and determine suitable pest management strategies.

Progress 10/29/16 to 09/30/21

Outputs
Target Audience:1. Technical staff and administrators at federal agencies funding various projects invoving invasive species on Guam, Rota,Tinian, and Saipan. 2. Plant protection and quarantine officers from throughout Micronesia. 3. Students in the agricultural and biological sciences at the University of Guam. 4. Scientists in entomology or related fields interested in natural resource management and agriculture. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Two graduate student, and five technical specialists received training in various methodologies related to suveillance and mitigation of various invasive species on Guam, Rota, Tinian, and Saipan. Invasive species included Asian citrus psyllid, exotic ants, aphids and aphidiid parasitoids, honeybee parasites, little fire ant, and various commercial nursery pests. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been disseminated in refereed publications, in technical progress reports to USDA-APHIS and DOD, by means of oral presentations at theUniversity of Guam in workshops, seminars and courses, and in discussions with colleagues at professional meetings. The annual PPQ workshop jointly responsored by the University of Guam, USDA-APHIS-PPQ, The Secretariat of the Pacific Commission, and the Guam Department of Agriculture was cancelled again in 2021 becasue of travel restrictions resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic. Followup activities to a series of webinars dealing with little fire ant and coconut rhinoceros beetle that were broadcastedfrom the University of Guam to agricultural and natural resource workers in Saipan, Palau, Yap, Pohnpei, and Majuro included dissemination of recorded lectures and handout notes via email and surface mail. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Surveillance was conducted for little fire ant on Guam, and on Rota, Tinian, and Saipan during a window of opportunity when travel quarantine restrictions were lifted during the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic.Surveillance continued on Guam travel quarantines were resumed in the CNMI whihc prevented further collection trips there.Control using insecticides was implemented on LFA infestations on Guam on DOD installations. Results indicated that LFA populations decreased to non-detectable levels in almost all cases after eight applications of the pesticides Tango or Probait and Siesta and Provaunt. However, within six months of the cessation of insecticide treatment for LFA on DOD installation, LFA re-invaded from untreated populations located on provate property adjacent to DOD property, We continued to survey for varroa mite in feral and domestic honeybee hives on Guam, finding extremely low levels of the mite in feral hives and none in domestic hives. We also implemented a "sentinel survey" for honeybee pests and diseases on Saipan, and found substantial populations of varroa mite in domestic and feral honeybee colonies there. We surveyed for pests of commercial nursery pests on Guam and in the CNMI and found no target pests from national and regional pest lists.

Publications

• Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Bevacqua, R.F., J.N. Sayama, and R.H. Miller.2021. Mahogany in Micronesia. CNAS-WPTRC, University of Guam.
• Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Bevacqua, R.F., C.C. Fejeran, and R.H. Miller. 2021. Forestry on Guam. Univ. Guam Western Pacific Tropical Research Center. Mangilao, Guam 96923.
• Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Bevacqua, R. and RH. Miller. 2020. Agroforestry on Guam: Breadfruit Cultivation. Univ. Guam Western Pacific Tropical Research Center. Mangilao, Guam 96923.
• Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Guam Forestry. 2020. Forest Action Plan 2020  2030. Department of Agriculture, Guam Forestry & Soil Resources Division, Mangilao, Guam. Guam Dept. Forestry, Mangilao, Guam.
• Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Rosario. 2021. The distribution of feral and domestic European Honey bee colonies, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Guam, and their relative freedom from parasites, predators, and diseases. MSc. Thesis. Univesity of Guam, Mangilao GU 96923

Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20

Outputs
Target Audience:1. Technical staff and administrators at federal agencies funding various projects invoving invasive species on Guam, Rota,Tinian, and Saipan. 2. Plant protection and quarantine officers from throughout Micronesia. 3. Students in the agricultural and biological sciences at the University of Guam. 4. Scientists in entomology or related fields interested in natural resource management and agriculture. Changes/Problems:The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic with its associated restrictions on personal interaction and travel severely reduced the scale of work performed during this reporting period.As travel restrictions are lifted and personal interactions allowed we will resume as much as possible our original workplans for surveillance of and mitigation of invasive species affecting the islands of Micronesia. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?One graduate student, and seven technical specialists received training in various methodologies related to suveillance and mitigation of various invasive species on Guam, Rota, Tinian, and Saipan. Invasive species included Asian citrus psyllid, iexotic ants, aphids and aphidiid parasitoids, honeybee parasites, little fire ant, and various commercial nursery pests How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been disseminated in refereed publications, in technical progress reports to USDA-APHIS and DOD, by means of oral presentations at theUniversity of Guam in workshops, seminars and courses, and in discussions with colleagues at professional meetings. the annual PPQ workshop jointly responsored by the University of Guam, USDA-APHIS-PPQ, The Secretariat of the Pacific Commission, and the Guam Department of Agriculture was cancelled becasue oftravel restrictions resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic.A series of webinars dealing with little fire ant and coconut rhinoceros beetle were broadcast from the University of Guam to agricultural and natural resource workers in Saipan, Palau, Yap, Pohnpei, and Majuro.Sessions were recorded and made available to each island for their use in in-house training. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will continue to sample for citrus pests with emphasis on Asian citrus psyllid and citrus greening disease on Guam and in the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas when Covid-19 related quarantine restrictions are removed. We will sample for invasive ants including little fireant, Argentine ant, red imported fire ant, and tawny crazy ant on Guam. We will also continue surveillance for coconut rhinocerosmbeetle in the CNMI, various nursery pests, and for parasites and diseases of honeybees pending the removal of travel quarantines. We will conduct facetoface workshops throughout Micronesia for coconut rhinoceros beetle and little fire ant, and will convene a course in tropical forest ecology targeting government forest health management personnel from the Marshal Islands, Kosrae, Pohnpei, Chuuk, Yap, Palau, the CNMI, and Guam. The course which was originally scheduled to be held in Pohnpei in early summer of 2020, has been rescheduled to summer 2021 in Pohnpei.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Surveillance was conducted for little fire ant on Guam, Rota, Tinian, and Saipan prior to the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic when all travel was cancelled due to quarantine restrictions. Control using insecticides was implemented on LFA infestations on Guam on DOD installations. Results indicated that LFA populations decreased to non-detectable levels in almost all cases after eight applications of the pesticides Tango or Probait and Siesta and Provaunt.We continued to survey for varroa mite in feral and domestic honeybee hives on Guam, finding extremely low levels of the mite in feral hives and none in domestic hives. We surveyed for pests of commercial nursery pests on Guam and found none of the target pests from national and regional pest lists.

Publications

• Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Bevacqua, R. and RH. Miller. 2020. Invasive vines of Guam. Univ. Guam Coop. Ext., Univ. of Guam. Mangilao, Guam.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Miller, R.H. 2019. Aphidiid Parasitoids Twenty Years Post-Release in the Mariana Islands. Micronesica 2019-1:1-5.

Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19

Outputs
Target Audience:1. Technical staff and administrators at federal agencies funding various projects invoving invasive species on Guam, Rota,Tinian, and Saipan. 2. Plant protection and quarantine officers from throughout Micronesia. 3. Students in the agricultural and biological sciences at the University of Guam. 4. Scientists in entomology or related fields interested in natural resource management and agriculture. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?One graduate student, and seven technical specialists were trained in various methodologies related to suveillance and mitigation of various invasive species on Guam, Rota, Tinian, and Saipan. Invasive species included Asian citrus psyllid, iexotic ants, aphids and aphidiid parasitoids, honeybee parasites, little fire ant, and various commercial nursery pests. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been disseminated in referred publications, in technical progress reports to USDA-APHIS and DOD, by means of oral presentations at theUniversity of Guam in workshops, seminars and courses, and in discussions with colleagues at professional meetings. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will continue to sample for citrus pests with emphasis on Asian citrus psyllid and citrus greening disease. We will sample for invasive ants including little fireant, Argentine ant, red imported fire ant, and tawny crazy ant. We will also continue surveillance for coconut rhinocerosmbeetle in the CNMI, various nursery pests, and for parasites and diseases of honeybees. We will conduct workshops throughout Micronesia for coconut rhinoceros beetle and little fire ant, and will convene a course in tropical forest ecology targeting government forest health management personnel from the Marshal Islands, Kosrae, Pohnpei, Chuuk, Yap, Palau, the CNMI, and Guam. The course is scheduled to be held in Pohnpei in early summer of 2020.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Surveillance was conducted for little fire ant on Guam, Rota, Tinian, and Saipan. Control using insecticides was implemented on LFA infestations on Guam on DOD installations, National Park property, Government of Guam property, and on select private residences. Results indicated that LFA populations drastically decreased in almost all cases after four to five applications of the pesticides Tango and Siesta. No LFA could be found in areas where eight sequential applications were made. Data from a survey of aphidiid parasitoids of aphids conducted on the islands of Guam and Saipan to assess the status of establishment of Diaretiella rapae and Aphidius colemani was analyzed. The aphidiid parasitoids Lipolexis oregmae Gahan and Lysiphlebus testaceipes Cresson were found parasitizing Aphis gossypii Glover on a variety of crops in follow-up surveys in the years immediately following the initial aphidiid releases. The presence of L. oregmae is apparently the result of a fortuitous introduction, while the presence of L. testaceipes likely resulted from a previous introduction as an aphid biological control agent. Aphidiid surveys conducted on Guam and Saipan from 2016 through 2018 again found L. oregmae parasitizing A. gossypii, Aphis craccivora Koch and Cerataphis sp., and L. testaceipes infesting A. gossypii, Aphis (Toxoptera) citricida (Kirkaldy) and Hysteroneura setariae (Thomas) on a variety of host plants. No A. colemani or D. rapae were found in any collections made from any island. We surveyed for varroa mite in feral and domestic honeybee hives on Guam, finding very low levels of the mite in feral hives. We surveyed for pests of commercial nursery pests on Guam and found none of the target pests from national and regional pest lists.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Miller, R.H., R.G. Foottit, E. Maw, and K.S. Pike. 2019. Genetic and morphological diversity in Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the Pacific Basin. Pacific Science 70 (3): 367-387
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2019 Citation: Miller, R.H. 2019. Aphidiid Parasitoids Twenty Years Post-Release in the Mariana Islands. Micronesica (in press).
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Miller, R. and K. Wang. 2019. Ants on the Micronesian Islands of Guam, Saipan, Tinian, and Rota. (poster presented at the annual meeting of the Entomological Society of America in St. Louis MO)

Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18

Outputs
Target Audience:1. Technical staff and administrators at federal agencies funding various projects invoving invasive species on Guam, Rota, Tinian, and Saipan. 2. Plant protection and quarantine officers from throughout Micronesia 3. Students in the agricultural and biological sciences at the University of Guam. 4. Scientists in entomoogy or related fields interested in natural resource management and agriculture. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Three undergraduate students, one graduate student, and four technical specialists were trained in various methodologies related to suveillance and mitigation of various invasive species on Guam, Rota, Tinian, and Saipan. Invasive species included Asian citrus psyllid, iexotic ants, aphids and aphidiid parasitoids, honeybee parasites, little fire ant, and various commercial nursery pests.s How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been disseminated in technical progress reports to USDA-APHIS, and by means of oral presentations at the University of Guam, and in discussions with colleagues at professional meetings. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will continue to sample for citrus pests with emphasis on Asian citrus psyllid, sample for invasive ants including little fire ant, Argentine ant, red imported fire ant, and tawny crazy ant. We will also continue surveillance for coconut rhinoceros beetle in the CNMI, various nursery pests, and for parasites and diseases of honeybees.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Surveillance was conducted for little fire ant on Guam, Rota, Tinian, and Saipan. Control using insecticides was implemented on LFA infestations on Guam on DOD installations, National Park property, Government of Guam property, and on select private residences. Results indicated that LFA populations drastically decreased in almost all cases after four to five applications of the pesticides Tango and Siesta. No LFA could be found in areas where 8 sequential applications were made. A survey of aphidiid parastioids of aphids was conducted on the islands of Guam and Saipan to assess the status of establishment of Diaretiella rapae and Aphidius colemani which had been introduced to Guam and Saipan nearly twenty years ago. Neither of these parasitoids was recovered from any of the many crops and ornamental plants sampled. Instead,the aphidiids Lipolexis oregmae and Lysiphebus testaceipes were recovered on Aphis craccivora and Aphis gossypii. L. oregmae was recovered from Cerataphis sp. and L. testaceipes was recovered from Hysteroneura setariae. We suveyed for varroa mite in feral and domestic honeybee hives on Guam, finding very low levels of the mite in feral hives. We surveyed for pests of commercial nursery pests on Guam and found none of the target pests from national and regional pest lists.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2019 Citation: Miller, R.H., R.G. Foottit, E. May, and K.S. Pike. 2019. Genetic and morphological diversity in Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the Pacific Basin. Pacific Science 70(3) (in press).
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2018 Citation: Freedman, M.G., R.H. Miller, and H.S. Rogers. 2018. Landscape-level bird loss increases the prevalence of honey-dew-producing insects and non-native ants. Oecologia OECO-D-18-00198R1).
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2018 Citation: Gawel, A.M., H.S. Rogers, R.H. Miller, A.M. Kerr. 2018. Contrasting ecological roles of non-native ungulates in a novel ecosystem. Royal Society Open Science. DOI: 10.1098/rsos.170151.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Rogers, H. Eric Buhle, Jannicke Hille Ris Lambers , Evan Fricke , Ross Miller, Joshua Tewksbury. 2017. Effects of an invasive predator cascade to plants via mutualism disruption. Nature Communications DOI 10.1038/ncomms14557.

Progress 10/29/16 to 09/30/17

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience for this activity include residential landowners, small farm operators, managers of commercial recreational properties, local public agencies of the Government of Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), and federal agencies. Government of Guam agencies include the Department of Aquatic and wildlife Resources, the Department of Forestry, and the Department of Agriculture. CNMI agencies include the Department of Lands and Natural Resources, the Department of Agriculture, and the Department of Forestry. Federal agencies include the the Deartment of the Interior's War in the Pacific National Park on Guam, the American Memorial Park on Saipan, and the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Other federal agencies are the Department of Defense which includes COMNAVMAR and Andersen Air Force Base, the the US Department of Agriculture-APHIS, and the Office of Insular Afairs. Changes/Problems:We have recently receved funding from the Department of Defense to survey for and control little fire ant on Andersen South, a part of Andersen Air Force Base used now used for urban warfare training. This will in large part replace our current little fire ant control project in civilian areas of Guam as funds for that project end in 2017. Our coconut rhinoceros beetle surveillance will also be scaled down to reflect the end of funding for that effort in the CNMI. Invasive ant sampling, and sampling for ctrus greening disease and Asian citrus psyllid will continue, as will aphid parasitoid surveys, Varroa mite surveys, and nursery pest surveys. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Four undergraduates and one graduate student have been trained in entomological laboratory and field techniques in projects on the invasive species associated with this project. Students, hired as research assistants, have been taught to sample ants, Asian citrus psyllid, aphids, various nursery pests, and coconut rhinoceros beetle using methods appropriate to that species whihc include direct sampling, tapping trees, using peromone baited sticky traps, and using honey bee extractors and Varroa mite sampling techniquest. They have bee taught to prepare and maintain field notes and create databases for archival storage of sampling data. They have been instructed in the correct procedures to analyze field datadata, and have participated in the reporting the reporting requirements for the various agencies funding these projects. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?R. Miller has prepared publications relating to invasive species in the Marianas Islands,for scientific journals and extension bulletins and has presented talks to the general public, at meetings of local government agencies and departments, and at nationl and international scientific meetings. The emphasis has been on describing teh distribution and potional for spread of the little fire ant, other invasive ants, cocunut rhioceros beetle, and aphids within Micronesia. R. Miller has also provided interviews to various local and international media outlets, including television and radio on Guam and the CNMI, radio in Australia, and New Zealand, and loal newspapers on Guam and in the CNMI. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?R. Miller will continue to pursue additional outside funding from federal and local government sources to supplement that already received, and from non-governmental organizations to locate and mitigate invasive species as they arrive in the Marianas Islands. As students graduate and move, or seek other employment, he will continue to recruit and train students in entomological field and laboratory techniques that target invasive species posing a threat to Micronesia. He will continue to publish results of surveys and experiments involving invasive species in scientific journals, and provide information to local, national, and international media outlets.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? We have identified several additional sites on Guam that are infested by W. auropunctata, and have completed control procedures on some of them using insecticidal methods adapted from those developed by the University of Hawaii-Hilo Ant Lab. The main purpose of these control efforts was to evaluate HAL techniques, and modify them as necessary for Guam's humid tropical environment. Areas where W. auropunctata occurs on Guam include karst-limestone forests in central and northern Guam, and residential areas in the villages of Barrigada, Umatac, and Merizo. Thus far we have yet to find S. invicta, W. auropunctata, coconut rhinoceros beetle, Oriental fruit fly, or Mediterranean fruit fly in any traps or by direct observation of insects or their associated damage to plants on Saipan, Tinian, and Rota of the CNMI. Ants collected in leaf litter extractions and baited samples from the various islands have been identified as S. geminata, Paratrechina longicornis and P. bourbonica, P. vaga, Odontomachus simillimus, Strumygenis sp., Pheidole fervens, P. megacephala, P. oceanica, Campanotus sp., Technomyrmex albipes, Tapinoma melanocephalum, Tetramorium simillimum, T. bicarinata, T. longinosum, T. caldarium, and Monomorium floricola and M. monomorium. We have continued past sampling efforts for ants, Asian citrus psyllid, aphids, honey bee parasites and diseases that were begun during previous projects for Guam and the CNMI and expanded databases as samples were collected and specimens identified. We also continue to sample commercial and private plant nurseries on Guam rota, Tinian, and Saipan for various insect pests listed on national pest lists, and maintain a database of our sample results. Thus far no pests of national importance, such as red palm weevil or Darna pallivata, have been recovered from any of these islands.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Rogers, H. Eric Buhle , Jannicke Hille Ris Lambers , Evan Fricke , Ross Miller, Joshua Tewksbury. 2017. Effects of an invasive predator cascade to plants via mutualism disruption. Nature Communications DOI 10.1038/ncomms14557.
• Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Rosario, C.A., L.R. Sablan, R.H. Miller, and A. Moore. 2016. Greater banded Hornet, Vespa tropica (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Guam New Invasive Species Alert No. 2016-01. Univ. Guam Coop. Ext. 2pp.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2017 Citation: Gawel, A.M., H.S. Rogers, R.H. Miller, A.M. Kerr. Contrasting ecological roles of non-native ungulates in a novel ecosystem. Accepted pending revision, Royal Society Open Science.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2016 Citation: Freedman, M.G., R.H. Miller, and H.S. Rogers. Landscape-level bird loss is associated with an increase in the prevalence of honeydew-producing insects and invasive ants. (submitted Sept 2016).
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Rosario, C and R.H. Miller. 2017. An update on the Varroa destructor detected in Apis mellifera colonies on Guam, Saipan, and Tinian.