Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/21
Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiences for this multi-state project include food preparation and water purification industries and researchers. Discussion of this project was held with other members of this multi-state project from across the US during the annual project meetings in person or via ZOOM. Aspecial session organized specifically for this multi-state project at the Tech Connect World Innovation summit in 2017. Results were shared with the scientific community (academic and professional) via peer reviewed publications and presentations at conferences over the course of the grant. Conferences attracted broad audiences including international and U.S. academics, industrial and government scientists. Presentation of work -in-progress and resultswas made at Tech Connect World Innovation Conference and Expo, June 2017 ,the 75th meeting of the Fiber Society in October of 2016, Fiber Society meetings in 2018 (U.C. Davis), 2019 (U.T. Austin) and the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC, Durham, NC 2021). Multiple presentations weremade at each meeting to highlight, share results and obtain feedback on more than one distinct sub-project while minimizing travel expenses. Unfortunately, COVID-19 impacted target audience contacts after February 2020. During the final year of the project, target audience was expanded to include information on effective materials for cloth masks coverings including performance after decontamination with home laundring, microwave steam or dishwasher washing.Demonstrations and activities on fiber science, textiles and face mask performancewere also prepared for K-6 children and presented at summer camps in Rockland County, NY. Changes/Problems:Overall, the project has movedforward successfully although we have not moved as quickly towards separations of multi-component and complex systems as hoped. Significant new materials developments have been published and disseminated via peer reviewed publication. Although funding has concluded, participation in the NC-1194 multi-state project has continued as evidenced by the recent review article submitted by that project group. Our research team provides critical understanding of materials and materials chemistry in that group which is otherwise focused on biochemistry. Additional collaboration with the NC-170 multi-state project has been initiated and will facilitate materials developed under NC-1194 to also be utilized in protective clothing applications. In particular, materials developed for separation and detection of pathogens in food and water systems can also be utilized to capture virus from exhaled breath and hopefully contribute to more effective face masks and eventually to on mask disease diagnosis. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Over the course of this project, a total of 11 undergraduate students, 4 graduate students and 6 postdoc research years have been supported. Post docs have now moved into professional careers in industry and government research centers. Graduate students who have completed their degrees have found work in industry research and development. Undergraduates who participated in this project have continued to M.S., M.Eng., and Ph.D. programs as well as employment in industry. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Progress of research was presented at the 75th anniversary meeting of the Fiber Society hosted by the Cornell University Department of Fiber Science & Apparel Design in October, 2016. Results were also presented at the TechConnect World Innovation Conference and Expo in Washington, DC in June, 2017.The PI, post-doc and 2 undergraduate students involved in this project participated in the 2018 Cornell Expanding your Horizons event for middle school girls. The PI, assisted by the post-doc served as the keynote speaker for the 2018 Expanding Your Horizons conference at Cornell University, demonstrating electrospinning and dye absorption for an audience of approximately 500 middle school girls. The undergraduates also participated in hands on activities with small groups.Results have been distributed via presentation at the Fiber Society meeting in Austin, TX and also via presentations at Cornell University. Manuscripts are in the early phases of publication and will be submitted in mid 2020. In 2021, results were presented at the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) Textile Discovery Summit and activities were presented to K-6 children at summer camps for children of addiction in Rockland County, NY. These activities will be revised and reused during the 2022 Cornell Expanding Your Horizons event. When possible, findings have been published in open access journals. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Electrospun poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofiber membranes were functionalized by incorporating either poly (methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) (PMA) to create negative charges, or poly (hexadimethrine bromide) (PB) and chitosan (CS) to create positive charges on the fiber surface. The functionalized PVA nanofiber membranes were heat-treated at elevated temperatures to impart cross-linking and improve the water-resistance. The optimum heat-treatment temperatures for both PVA/PMA and PVA/PB/CS systems were screened by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Formation of cross-linked structure and increased crystallinity were triggered by the heat-treatment. A cationic dye, methylene blue (MB), and an anionic dye, acid red 1 (AR1), were used to represent charged moieties in solution. The surface-charged PVA nanofiber embranes were able to selectively capture counter-charged dye molecules from aqueous solutions. The capture processes obey the pseudosecond- order kinetic model. The capture equilibrium can be well-described by the Langmuir model. Chemically cross-linked PVA/PMA nanofiber membranes exhibited higher strength in capturing counter-charged dyes than physically cross-linked PVA/PB/CS nanofiber membranes. Selective chemical capture studies indicated that, by tailoring the surface, functionalized PVA nanofiber membranes were able to selectively remove charged chemicals with potential applications for purifying mixed liquids and delivering a pure sample for detection in small-scale testing systems. The study was further expanded to explore selective capture of proteins on charged fibers. Electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofiber membranes were functionalized by incorporating poly (methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) (poly(MVE/MA), PMA) for the selective adsorption of proteins. The capture performance was regulated by an optimizing buffer pH, PMA content, and protein concentration. Lysozyme was used as the model protein and a high adsorption capacity of 476.53 ± 19.48 was obtained at pH 6, owing to the electrostatic attraction between the negatively charged nanofibers and positively charged proteins. The large specific surface area, highly open porous structure, and abundant available carboxyl groups contributed to such high adsorption performance. Moreover, the nanofiber membranes exhibited good reusability and good selectivity for positively charged proteins. The obtained results can provide a promising method for the purification of proteins in small analytic devices. The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic added capture of breath aerosols to our priorities and analysis of fiberous materials for optimizing aerosol capture and air permeability. Materials were evaluated in two modes (Flat Filter, FF, and Head Form, HF); FF isolates material factors while HF simulates the performance of the constructed masks on a 3D printedhead form. Reusable commercial and experimental face masks, representing a range of fiber contents, fabric structures, and number of layers, exhibited an inverse relationship between filtration efficiency and air permeability in FF mode. Our prototype face masks developed successfully captured submicron particles while maintaining good air permeability, moisture capture, and aerosolized salt capture in HF mode.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Cloth Face Mask Fit and Function for Children Part Two: Material Selection Katarina Goodge; Jenny Leigh Du Puis; Mona Maher; Margaret W. Frey; Fatma Baytar; Huiju Park Fashion and Textiles
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2022
Citation:
Bioanalytical Approaches for the Detection, Characterization, and Risk Assessment of Micro/Nanoplastics in Agriculture and Food Systems
Yu, Chenxu; Takhistov, Paul; Alocilja, Evangelyn; Reyes de corcuera, Jose; Frey, Margaret; Gomez, Carmen; Mao, Yu; McLamore, Eric ; Lin, Mengshi; Tsyusko-Unrine, Olga; Tzeng, Tzuen-Rong; Yoon, Jeong-Yeol; Zhou, Anhong
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
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Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20
Outputs
Target Audience:An oral presentation and a poster presentation were made at the International Fiber Society meeting in Austin, TX, October 27-30, 2019. The audience included industry and academic leaders in fiber based science, engineering and research from the U.S.A. and international as well as graduate students. Unfortunately, COVID-19 impacted target audience contacts after February 2020. Changes/Problems:The addition of breath capture investigation to our current work is in direct response to the current pandemic. However, this work builds on prior work initiated during the H1N1 outbreak and published here:Reyes, C. G. and M. W. Frey (2017). Morphological traits essential to electrospun and grafted nylon-6 nanofiber membranes for capturing submicron simulated exhaled breath aerosols. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 134(17). doi: 10.1002/app.44759. We are actively seeking and have secured other funds to support this work. As such, it will build on recent work from this project but be supported by alternate means. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Post-doc, graduate and undergraduate students had opportunities to develop laboratory skills and methods, presentation skills, writing and editing skills via hands-on research, internal and external presentation opportunities and preparation of research and review manuscripts for publications. The post-doc and graduate students have also taken advantage of career development, teaching and writing workshops presented via the Cornell graduate school and post-doc office. The post-doc has successfully transitioned into a professional position at NIST in November 2020. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?All research and review articleshave been published in peer reviewed,open access journals and will help stakeholders and our group understand current methods and progress as well as identifying gaps and future possibilities. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?In the 2020-2021 period our research will build on functional nanofiber performance in microfluidic devices and biohazard particle capture from air. Specific targets include mucin coated nanofibers for antimicrobial surface functionality to investigate the role of mucins in disease prevention andstimuli-responsive nanofibers for colorimetric glucose detection. Additionally, we will be working on capture of virus sized particles from simulated exhaled breath and the effectiveness of nanofibers in improving capture. We hope to partner with a virology lab to investigate the feasibility of detecting virus or other pathogens from exhaled breath for diagnosis and for improving understanding of virus transmission.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Two methods of immobilizing antibodies on nanofibers were demonstrated including proof of selective bacteria capture from fluids. In the first method,silver-doped carbon nanofibers (SDCNF) are used as the base material for the selective capture of Escherichia coli in microfluidic systems. Fibers were spun in a glovebox with dry atmosphere maintained by forced dry air pumped through the closed environment. This affected the evaporation rate of the solvent during the electrospinning process and the distribution of silver particles within the fiber. Antibodies are immobilized on the surface of the silver-doped polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based carbon nanofibers via a three-step process. The negatively charged silver particles present on the surface of the nanofibers provide suitable sites for positively charged biotinylated poly-(L)-lysine-graft-poly-ethylene-glycol (PLL-g-PEG biotin) conjugate attachment. Streptavidin and a biotinylated anti-E. coli antibody were then added to create anti-E. coli surface functionalized (AESF) nanofibers. Functionalized fibers were able to immobilize up to 130 times the amount of E. coli on the fiber surface compared to neat silver doped fibers. Confocal images show E. coli remains immobilized on fiber mat surface after extensive rinsing showing the bacteria is not simply a result of non-specific binding. To demonstrate selectivity and functionalization with both gram negative and gram-positive antibodies, anti-Staphylococcus aureus surface functionalized (ASSF) nanofibers were also prepared. Experiments with AESF performed with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and ASSF with E. coli show negligible binding to the fiber surface showing the selectivity of the functionalized membranes. This surface functionalization can be done with a variety of antibodies for tunable selective pathogen capture. In the second method,biotin-cellulose nanofiber membranes were fabricated to demonstrate the potential for specific and bio-orthogonal attachment of biomolecules onto nanofiber surfaces. Cellulose acetate was electrospun and substituted with alkyne groups in either a one- or two-step process. The alkyne reaction, confirmed by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, was dependent on solvent ratio, time, and temperature. The two-step process maximized alkyne substitution in 10/90 volume per volume ratio (v/v) water to isopropanol at 50 ?C after 6 h compared to the one-step process in 80/20 (v/v) at 50 ?C after 48 h. Azide-biotin conjugate "clicked" with the alkyne-cellulose via copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC). The biotin-cellulose membranes, characterized by FTIR, SEM, Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and XPS, were used in proof-of-concept assays (HABA (40 -hydroxyazobenzene-2-carboxylic acid) colorimetric assay and fluorescently tagged streptavidin assay) where streptavidin selectively bound to the pendant biotin. The click reaction was specific to alkyne-azide coupling and dependent on pH, ratio of ascorbic acid to copper sulfate, and time. Copper (II) reduction to copper (I) was successful without ascorbic acid, increasing the viability of the click conjugation with biomolecules. During the COVID-19 shutdown, the group worked productively on preparing two review papers detailing knowledge to date on nanofibers for biological molecule capture and detection.Biomolecule immobilization has attracted the attention of various fields such as fine chemistry and biomedicine for their use in several applications such as wastewater, immunosensors, biofuels, et cetera. The performance of immobilized biomolecules depends on the substrate and the immobilization method utilized. Electrospun nanofibers act as an excellent substrate for immobilization due to their large surface area to volume ratio and interconnectivity. While biomolecules can be immobilized using adsorption and encapsulation, covalent immobilization offers a way to permanently fix the material to the fiber surface resulting in high efficiency, good specificity, and excellent stability. This review aims to highlight the various covalent immobilization techniques being utilized and their benefits and drawbacks. These methods typically fall into two categories: (1) direct immobilization and (2) use of crosslinkers. Direct immobilization techniques are usually simple and utilize the strong electrophilic functional groups on the nanofiber. While crosslinkers are used as an intermediary between the nanofiber substrate and the biomolecule, with some crosslinkers being present in the final product and others simply facilitating the reactions. We aim to provide an explanation of each immobilization technique, biomolecules commonly paired with said technique and the benefit of immobilization over the free biomolecule. The separation and purification of specific chemicals from a mixture have become necessities for many environments, including agriculture, food science, and pharmaceutical and biomedical industries. Electrospun nanofiber membranes are promising materials for the separation of various species such as particles, biomolecules, dyes, and metals from liquids because of the combined properties of a large specific surface, light weight, high porosity, good connectivity, and tunable wettability. This paper reviews the recent progress in the design and fabrication of electrospun nanofibers for chemical separation. Different capture mechanisms including electrostatic, affinity, covalent bonding, chelation, and magnetic adsorption are explained and their distinct characteristics are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and future aspects of nanofibers for membrane applications are discussed.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Goodge K, Frey M (2020) Biotin-Conjugated Cellulose Nanofibers Prepared via Copper-Catalyzed Alkyne-Azide Cycloaddition (CuAAC) "Click" Chemistry Nanomaterials 10 doi:10.3390/nano10061172
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Najafi M, Frey MW (2020) Electrospun Nanofibers for Chemical Separation Nanomaterials 10 doi:10.3390/nano10050982
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Smith S, Delaney M, Frey M (2020a) Anti-Escherichia coli Functionalized Silver-Doped Carbon Nanofibers for Capture of E. coli in Microfluidic Systems Polymers 12 doi:10.3390/polym12051117
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Smith S, Goodge K, Delaney M, Struzyk A, Tansey N, Frey M (2020b) A Comprehensive Review of the Covalent Immobilization of Biomolecules onto Electrospun Nanofibers Nanomaterials 10 doi:10.3390/nano10112142
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Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19
Outputs
Target Audience:Results were presented at the 78th meeting of the Fiber Society to an audience of academic and industrial stake holders at University of Texas, Austin, TX. Changes/Problems:Reproducibility has been a significant challenge in producing silver doped carbon nanofibers and functionalizing them for biohazard capture. Significant time has been devoted to trouble shooting and improving reproducibility this year leading to delay in publication of results. A more reproducible process has now been developed and more rapid progress on the project is expected. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?One MS student will complete her thesis based on these projects. Additionally, one post-doctoral associate has been trained on new techniques based on this project and is currently applying for professional positions. New techniques including Raman Spectroscopy and rapid prototyping of microfluidic devices using double stick tape and a laser cutter (no clean room needed) have been learned and utilized. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been distributed via presentation at the Fiber Society meeting in Austin, TX and also via presentations at Cornell University. Manuscripts are in the early phases of publication and will be submitted in mid 2020. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Further exploration of click chemistry to directly functionalize nanofiber surfaces will begin to incorporate antibodies directly and to explore new fiber substrates including polyacrylonytrile in addition to cellulose acetate. The masters student currently working on this project will travel to Regensburg, Germany in July 2020 to study preparation of microfluidic devices using the new prototyping methods and strategies for conducting analytical chemistry type experiments using those devices.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We continue to work on producing submicron fibers with surface properties suitable to capture and concentrate target chemicals, pathogens or biological molecules from liquids. Our latest efforts focus on attaching specific anti-bodies to nanofiber surfaces and measuring capture capabilities from fluids and in microfluidic channels. Two types of fibers are described below. Biotin Functionalized Silver-Doped Carbon Nanofibers for Selective Capture of E.coli in Microfluidic Systems: Silver-doped carbon nanofibers are used as the base of material for the selective capture of E.coli in microfluidic systems. As-spun PAN fiber, PAN based carbon nanofibers, as-spun PAN/AgNO3, Ag doped nanofibers,and Ag doped nanofibers coated with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) were studied using various characterization techniques. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to confirm the confirm the presence of certain elements in the fibers such as the sulfur in PEDOT:PSS. While 4 probe testing was used to study the conductivity of the various fibers. After various tests, it was determined that the PEDOT: PSS coating was not needed to ensure the success of the future steps. Therefore silver-doped carbon nanofibers were chosen as the desired substrate. Antibodies were immobilized on the surface of the silver-doped nanofibers via a 3-stepprocess. The negatively charged silver particles present on the surface of the nanofibers provide a suitable substrate for positively charged biotinylated poly(l-lysine)-g-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLL-g-PEG)FITC to attach. PLL-g-PEG FITC was initially used to get a visual conformation that the conjugate attachment worked using confocal microscopy. A similar conjugate, PLL-g-PEG biotin, was used for future experiments to take advantage of the strong affinity of biotin for streptavidin. After the addition of the conjugate, streptavidin and a biotinylated anti E-coli antibody are then added system to selectively capture E. coli cells with high efficiency. We will demonstrate the fibers ability for isolation, detection, sequential collection of E-coli. Functionalizing Cellulose-based Nanofibers Using "Click" Chemistry: This project aims to address the ongoing challenges of disease diagnostic technology by leveraging the high specific surface area and functionality of nanofibers to design highly sensitive and accurate bioassays. Specifically, the surface chemical modification of cellulose acetate nanofibers was studied to determine the most efficient and effective method to use as the intermediate step in attaching functional molecules via click chemistry. Cellulose acetate was electrospun into nanofibers that were chemically modified either with or without a deacetylation step. The as-spun and regenerated fibrous mats have alkyne moieties covalently attached to the nanofibers that selectively "click" with corresponding azide biotin conjugates. Two methods of alkyne-to-fiber attachment were tested and optimized to achieve practically useful degrees of substitution of the respective moieties on the repeat units. The Huisgen [3+2] copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) "click" reaction was used to model the potential of click degree of substitution by using biotin as a model biomolecule and streptavidin-FITC as a fluorescence marker. FTIR and Raman were used as initial characterization techniques to confirm successful reaction products. EDX was used to map the biotin clicked onto the mats as well as confocal microscopy to confirm the distribution and degree of substitution of the biotin conjugate.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Functionalizing Cellulose-based Nanofibers Using Click Chemistry
Katarina Goodge & Margaret Frey
Presented at the 78th meeting of the International Fiber Society, Oct. 2019, Austin, TX
https://thefibersociety.org/Conference-Information/Past-Conferences
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Biotin Functionalized Silver-Doped Carbon Nanofibers for Selective Capture of E.coli in Microfluidic Systems. Soshana Smith, Margaret Frey
Cornell University
Presented at the 78th meeting of the International Fiber Society, Oct. 2019, Austin, TX
https://thefibersociety.org/Conference-Information/Past-Conferences
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Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiences for this multi-state project include food preparation and water purification industries and researchers. Changes/Problems:Overall, the project has been moving forward successfully although we have not moved as quickly towards separations of multi-component and complex systems as hoped. Major accomplishments in the past year have demonstrated selective separation in two component systems of dyes or proteins based on surface charge. By adding specific protein binding at the fiber surfaces, we hope to move towards separation of much more complex mixtures. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?One post-doctoral research associate and 3 undergraduate students received training in laboratory techniques, project planning, and scientific writing based on this project. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The PI, post-doc and 2 undergraduate students involved in this project participated in the 2018 Cornell Expanding your Horizons event for middle school girls. The PI, assisted by the post-doc served as the keynote speaker for the 2018 Expanding Your Horizons conference at Cornell University, demonstrating electrospinning and dye absorption for an audience of approximately 500 middle school girls. The undergraduates also participated in hands on activities with small groups. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?During the next reporting period we will add some new nanofiber surface functionalization techniques. In particular, we will target utilization of click chemistry to bind specific anti-bodies or proteins to fiber surfaces and incorporation of surface functional, electrically conducting nanofibers. Once developed and tested, these new nanofiber types will be combined in systems with previously developed nanofibers to increase capabilities for specific separation, capture and detection of chemicals and proteins from aqueous media. The nanofibers systems will continue to be built in either filtration or microfluidic devices.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofiber membranes were functionalized by incorporating either poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) (PMA) to create negative charges, or poly(hexadimethrine bromide) (PB) and chitosan (CS) to create positive charges on the fiber surface. The functionalized PVA nanofiber membranes were heat-treated at elevated temperatures to impart cross-linking and improve the water-resistance. The optimum heat-treatment temperatures for both PVA/PMA and PVA/PB/CS systems were screened by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Formation of cross-linked structure and increased crystallinity were triggered by the heattreatment. A cationic dye, methylene blue (MB), and an anionic dye, acid red 1 (AR1), were used to represent charged moieties in solution. The surface-charged PVA nanofiber embranes were able to selectively capture counter-charged dye molecules from aqueous solutions. The capture processes obey the pseudosecond- order kinetic model. The capture equilibrium can be well-described by the Langmuir model. Chemically cross-linked PVA/PMA nanofiber membranes exhibited higher strength in capturing counter-charged dyes than physically cross-linked PVA/PB/CS nanofiber membranes. Selective chemical capture studies indicated that, by tailoring the surface, functionalized PVA nanofiber membranes were able to selectively remove charged chemicals with potential applications for purifying mixed liquids and delivering a pure sample for detection in small-scale testing systems. The study was further expanded to explore selective capture of proteins on charged fibers. Electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofiber membranes were functionalized by incorporating poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) (poly(MVE/MA), PMA) for the selective adsorption of proteins. The capture performance was regulated by an optimizing buffer pH, PMA content, and protein concentration. Lysozyme was used as the model protein and a high adsorption capacity of 476.53 ± 19.48 was obtained at pH 6, owing to the electrostatic attraction between the negatively charged nanofibers and positively charged proteins. The large specific surface area, highly open porous structure, and abundant available carboxyl groups contributed to such high adsorption performance. Moreover, the nanofiber membranes exhibited good reusability and good selectivity for positively charged proteins. The obtained results can provide a promising method for the purification of proteins in small analytic devices.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Najafi, M, Chery J., Frey W. M., (2018). Functionalized Electrospun Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Nanofibrous Membranes with Poly(Methyl Vinyl Ether-Alt-Maleic Anhydride) for Protein Adsorption, Mater., 11 (6), https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11061002.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Xiao, M., Chery, J., Frey, M.,(2018) Functionalization of Electrospun Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) Nanofiber Membranes for Selective Chemical Capture. ACS Applied Nano Materials. 1 pp.722-729, http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.7b00180.
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Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17
Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiences for this multi-state project include food preparation and water purification industries and researchers. Discussion of this project was held with other members of this multi-state project from across the US during the annual project meeting in USDA headquarters, Washington, DC in June 2017. This meeting was held in conjunction with the USDA NIFA nanotechnology grantees meeting and also a special session organized specifically for this multi-state project at the Tech Connect World Innovation summit. Results were shared with the scientific community (academic and professional) via peer reviewed publications and presentations at conferences. Conferences attracted broad audiences including international, industrial and government scientists. Presentation of this work was made at Tech Connect World Innovation Conference and Expo, June 2017 and the 75th meeting of the Fiber Society in October of 2016. Multiple presentations were made at these meetings to highlight, share results and obtain feedback onmore than one distinct project while minimizing travel expenses. Changes/Problems:Strategies for combining different types of nanofiber functionality including hydrophilic, hydrophobic, positive and negative surface charges and other surface chemistries are a current focus. A novel microfludic fabrication method involving a channel mold produced via micromolding at Regensburg University, in Regensburg Germany and not requiring a clean room will be employed to create multi-channeled devices with differing nanofiber materials in different channel areas. Additionally, direct utilization of nanofiber mats as filter media in commercial filter housing is being assessed. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Three post-doctoral research associates participated, part-time, in this project learning new techniques and bringing expertise in polymerization and textile science two the project. Three undergraduate research assistants participated in this project during the academic semesters and as summer REU students supported through the NSF funded CCMR-REU research Experience for Undergraduates program (DMR-1460428 and DMR-1719875). How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Progress of research was presented at the 75th anniversary meeting of the Fiber Society hosted by the Cornell University Department of Fiber Science & Apparel Design in October, 2016. Results were also presented at the TechConnect World Innovation Conference and Expo in Washington, DC in June, 2017. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Building on success in development of nanofiber with phase change properties, next steps are targeting incorporation of these materials in series for sample purification and demonstrating specific and selective capture of biomolecules. In particular, we hope to demonstrate selective capture of specific chemicals and/or proteins from mixed solutions. This will establish the usefulness of these fiber based systems as components of sensors capable of delivering a concentrated and purified sample to the optimal detector system for that analyte. Additionally, we continue to explore application of phase changing polymers to cotton fabrics to create thermally sensitive performance. Specifically, the phase change polymers will allow typical cotton woven or knit fabrics to transform from porous with high vapor through put to barrier with low vapor through put at specific temperatures. Characterization of the nanolayer coatings on cotton via NMR and other techniques will continue.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Significant advances were made in preparation of nanofibers with thermal response suitable for biochemical or chemical capture from aqueous systems. PVCL was copolymerized with hydroxymethyl acrylamide (NMA) and electrospun to create PVCL based temperature-responsive chemical hydrogel nanofibers for the first time. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to study fiber morphology. The thermal curing process of the nanofibers was analyzed by attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The created "smart" hydrogel nanofibers responded quickly and reversibly to changes in temperature and showed a temperature controlled rhodamine B dye release. The unique properties offered by these novel materials show promise for applications in biosensors, controlled drug delivery and microfluidic systems. Additional, use of solid state NMR for direct characterization of nanomaterial binding to textile surfaces was successfully demonstrated for the first time. A non-acid-based, di-functional epoxide, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether (NPGDGE), was used to modify cotton fabrics. Direct characterization of the modified cotton was conducted by Nuclear MagneticResonance (NMR) without grinding the fabric into a fine powder. Information on the cotton cellulose polymorph, covalent binding between the cotton and the nanomaterial and chemical structure of the nanomaterial were probed simultaneously via this method. The method was also non-destructive to the sample.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Gonzalez, E., & Frey, M. W. (2017). Synthesis, characterization and electrospinning of poly(vinyl caprolactam-co-hydroxymethyl acrylamide) to create stimuli-responsive nanofibers. Polymer, 108, 154-162. doi: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.11.053
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Shepherd, L. M., Gonzalez, E., Chen, E. X., & Frey, M. W. (2017). Increasing Stability of Biotin Functionalized Electrospun Fibers for Biosensor Applications. Acs Applied Materials & Interfaces, 9(2), 1968-1974. doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b14348
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Shepherd, L.M., THE LIFECYCLE OF ADVANCED FIBERS: (I) A NEW METHOD FOR THE FABRICATION OF FIEBRS,(II) THE FUNCTIONALIZATION OF ELECTROSPUN PLA/PLA-B-PEG FIBERS, AND (III) THE DEGRADATION OF CELLULOSE FIBERS BY OXYGEN PLASMA, Ph.D. Dissertation, Cornell University, 2017
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Xiao, M., Chery, J., Keresztes, I., Zax, D. B., & Frey, M. W. (2017). Direct characterization of cotton fabrics treated with di-epoxide by nuclear magnetic resonance. Carbohydrate Polymers, 174, 377-384. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.06.077
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Xiao, M., Gonzalez, E., Monterroza, A. M., & Frey, M. (2017). Fabrication of thermo-responsive cotton fabrics using poly(vinylcaprolactam-co-hydroxyethyl acrylamide) copolymer. Carbohydrate Polymers, 174, 626-632. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.06.092
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