Source: ISCA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. submitted to NRP
SPLAT TK: SEMIOCHEMICAL CONTROL OF THE DEER TICK
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1010371
Grant No.
2016-33610-25698
Cumulative Award Amt.
$600,000.00
Proposal No.
2016-03874
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Sep 1, 2016
Project End Date
Aug 31, 2018
Grant Year
2016
Program Code
[8.3]- Animal Production & Protection
Recipient Organization
ISCA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
2060 CHICAGO AVE STE C2
RIVERSIDE,CA 92507
Performing Department
(N/A)
Non Technical Summary
ISCA Technologies proposes to further develop and optimize SPLAT® TK, an attract and kill(A&K) formulation designed to target all active stages of the deer tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, aspecies of major medical and veterinary significance in the U.S., due to its capacity to transmit Lyme disease and several other zoonotic pathogens. ISCA's sprayable, long-lasting SPLAT TK formulation will attract and arrest ticks in vegetation on the borders of high traffic or high risk areas, such as the edges of pastures, backyards, or hiking trails, thereby preventing them from locating and attaching to human or animal hosts. SPLAT TK consists of a blend of highly potent semiochemical components of the I. scapularis arrestment pheromone incorporated into SPLAT®, a patented, EPA-registered controlled-release matrix. This product can be tank-mixed by the end user with an appropriate reduced-risk acaricide to form an effective, environmentally friendly A&K formulation. Attraction to SPLAT TK blended with this tank-mixed acaricide component will result in the death or significant debilitation of all questing (host-seeking) ticks within the range of detection of the active semiochemicals. Our research suggests that very low quantities of acaricide are required to achieve desired levels of season-long tick control, as the selected pheromone components have been shown to induce ticks to cluster at the site of the attractants. The reduced toxicity of SPLAT TK is enabled by the synergy of a species-specific lure that attracts the target tick to a point source with a high dose of a reduced-risk acaricide. Unlike conventional acaricides, which must be applied as uniform cover sprays to be effective, SPLAT TK is designed to be dispersed as tiny, discrete point sources. These features facilitate this product's application across rural environments, even in areas of high human activity and in sensitive natural environments. SPLAT TK shows great commercial potential due to the increasing incidence of tick-borne disease in animals and humans, as well as the lack of effective control options for I. scapularis. By reducing the dangers posed by I. scapularis and the diseases transmitted by this species, we hope to safeguard the health of human and animal residents of our nation's rural communities and expand opportunities for economic growth within thesecommunities by bolstering such industries as rural tourism, camping, hiking, fishing, and agri-tourism, all of which are currently hampered by the lack of viable control options for disease-carrying ticks. In Phase II, this innovative, effective, and environmentally sustainable approach to tick control will be developed for application in livestock production, public health, parks andrecreation, and forestry pest management programs. The annual market potential for this product in U.S. rural communities is around $115M, with an additional potential sales value of ~$400Mto consumers in affected suburban markets. Phase I studies produced excellent results,demonstrating viability of the proposed solution. From several prototype SPLAT TK formulations of attractant/arrestant tick semiochemicals, two underwent small-scale field trials in New York that not only strongly suppressed nymphal I. scapularis populations, but alsocontrolled larval tick populations. Dead larvae, nymphs, and adults were found at or near SPLAT TK A&K deposits on the foliage in the field, indicating that attracted I. scapularis manipulatedthe formulation until intoxicated. In Phase II, we will continue to optimize the prototype SPLAT TK formulation, the blend of arrestant semiochemicals, and select the best candidate reduced risk acaricides, to create a highly effective A&K formulation for season-long control of I. scapularispopulations in the field. We will also conduct evaluations of various manual and mechanical methods of application for SPLAT TK, to identify the most effective means of deployment for this A&K product, and finally, perform small- and large-scale field trials in I. scapularis-infested regions, to demonstrate the potential of the final, optimized formulation of SPLAT TK for use in area-wide tick management programs. We will also commence commercialization efforts and begin pursuit of registration of the attractant and arrestant blend of SPLAT TK with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Animal Health Component
100%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
100%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
72105301130100%
Goals / Objectives
The major goals in this phase II project are comprised of five main tasks or objectives. The five tasks will incrementally build uponthe sucesses of the Phase I research, optimizing the prototype formulation in the lab, to field testing the formulation over twofield seasons, and finally investigation into EPA registration of the product so that it can be brought to market in the US.The tasks are summarized below:Task 1. Optimize the SPLAT TK A&K prototype formulation through evaluation of higher concentrations of one of the main components and evaluation of various reduced risk acaricide components. Task 2. Evaluate a variety of different methods of manual and mechanized application of SPLAT TK, to improve the ease of use and reduce the cost of such applications in the field. Task 3. Conduct small- and large-scale field trials to determine the capacity of our optimized SPLAT TK formulation, as identified through Task 1, applied at different point source densities, to reduce deer tick populations on an area-wide basis. Task 4. Involvement of stakeholders in problem identification and implementation of results. Task 5. Initiate efforts to register SPLAT TK as a new control product for the deer tick with the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Project Methods
ISCA will identify the most effective components (attractant and acaricide) of each of the previously tested prototypes through iterative bioassays conducted in lab and semi field screened cages where we release known numbers of Deer ticks of specific age, sex and physiological state.The optimal Deer tick attractant blend will be incorporate into SPLAT formulations with small amounts of the best performing acaricide. This formulation will be optimized for mechanical or manual application of the A&K control products.

Progress 09/01/16 to 08/31/18

Outputs
Target Audience:Citizens who live and work in rural communities come into daily contact with the natural environment and are exposed to certain risks associated with these interactions, which may be negligible or nonexistent for other segments of the American population. Currently, the method for prevention of tick bites--and the diseases they transmit--most strongly recommended by public health officials is to minimize exposure to tick habitats. To residents of rural communities, this means minimizing outdoor activities during peak seasons of tick activity, and to non-rural residents, who might otherwise have ventured out into these natural environments for recreational purposes, it may translate to avoiding them altogether. Given the great economic importance of these rural communities and the essential industries they serve, such as agricultural and animal production industries, it is imperative that new technologies and products be developed to minimize the hazards faced by rural inhabitants. To this end, we propose to further develop and refine SPLAT TK, a semiochemical spray-on formulation designed to protect rural residents and workers, as well as their domesticated and companion animals from attack by the deer tick, Ixodes scapularis Say 1821, the most widespread and damaging arthropod vector in the US, and a major threat to the health and productivity of rural communities within its endemic range. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? For USDA SBIR project, we combined the 25:1:1 GXA blend tested by our collaborators with a quantity of ammonia--also shown to act as a tick attractant and arrestant--equivalent to that produced in deer tick fecal exudates, and then incorporated this blend of attractant/arrestant semiochemicals into ISCA's slow-release SPLAT matrix, in order to ensure the long field life (ideally, 3-6 months) that other experimental tick A&K formulations have failed to achieve. The result is SPLAT TK, a long-lasting, environmentally sensitive controlled release emulsion, combining the arrestment pheromones guanine, xanthine, and adenine with the known tick attractant, ammonia, to create a powerful attractant/arrestant formulation for the deer tick. SPLAT TK may be used alone as a component of an improved monitoring program to accurately identify areas of high tick infestation, enabling more effective area-wide control and reducing the frequency of applications of acaricide cover sprays; or tank-mixed with a variety of acaricides to create an effective A&K formulation. ISCA's sprayable, long-lasting SPLAT TK formulation will attract and arrest ticks in vegetation on the borders of high traffic or high-risk areas, such as the edges of pastures, backyards, or hiking trails, thereby preventing them from locating and attaching to human or animal hosts. The active deer tick semiochemicals were incorporated into SPLAT®, a patented, EPA-registered controlled-release matrix, which can be tank-mixed by the end user with an appropriate reduced-risk acaricide to form an effective, environmentally friendly attract and kill formulation. By tank-mixing SPLAT TK with a reduced risk acaricide before applying it to the borders of high-risk locations, end users will be able to prevent ticks from invading these sensitive areas, attracting them instead to SPLAT TK point sources and holding them in contact with the incorporated acaricide for a sufficient interval to kill or disable them before they can attach to a human or animal host. In designing SPLAT TK as a tank mix rather than as a pre-formulated A&K product, we avoid binding the attractive capacity of our semiochemical blend (Ammonia + GXA) to any one particular acaricide, thereby minimizing the risk of the target pest developing resistance to the formulation, while also allowing end users the flexibility to select the best possible acaricide for their specific environment and degree of infestation. Finally, the incorporation of the active ingredients into ISCA's highly successful controlled release SPLAT matrix will ensure the final product's persistence and efficacy in the field, while exerting a greatly diminished impact on the environment compared to acaricide cover sprays.

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