Progress 07/25/16 to 05/31/21
Outputs
Target Audience:Target audience for the duration of the project has included the following: (1) small farmers and under-represented farmers, especially those in the region around CSU; (2) other community stakeholders such as growers, large-scale farmers, community gardeners, land managers, and others who can benefit from the development of new, economically viable agricultural produce; (3) women and minority farmers interested in alternative crops; (4) beekeepers, bee farmers, apiary tradespeople; (5) minority students through involvement of CSU undergraduates in the research program as well as outreach to local minority schools; (6) industry partners benefit from accelerating product development and integration as well as market access; (7) policy makers and governmental agencies such as the Ohio Department of Agriculture, Ohio Department of Natural Resources, US Fish and Wildlife Services, US Army Corps of Engineers Changes/Problems:An animal science program at CSU is still in the process of development. No personnel were recruited for this initiative during the course of the project. Therefore, Objective 4 could not be realized within the timeframe of this project. The work will be reformulated under a new project. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Within the course of the project, four research professors were engaged overseeing two post-doctoral researchers and a research technician. The research of one regular appointment faculty was supported. More than 20 undergraduate students were involved as research assistants over the project duration. Students learned how to design and conduct experiments, operate lab and field equipment, collect and analyze data and present results. Project funds were used to establish a natural products laboratory and a field lab for honeybee research at CSU as well as procure multiple pieces of precision analytical equipment. Scientists, staff and students have been facilitated to increase expertise and training through the grant funds. Moving forward to advance the research, new hires are in the works to expand this relevant plan of work for the stakeholders in Ohio and beyond. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Local and social media platforms were used to inform and disseminated research and results included in this project. Resources appeared online, on radio and in print through internet platforms and broadly distributed publishing outlets. These summaries enhanced public knowledge of the project and the importance of agricultural research more generally. Results of the project also were presented at well-attended events held on campus and around Ohio. Farmers and ranchers were among attendees with additional scientists, policymakers and non-agricultural particpants interested about agricultural research and wanting to know more. Attendees became better informed about the importance of agricultural research and the project research in particular. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The project began the Natural Product Research programs at Central State University under an initial 5-year plan of work. Within the objectives, research programs have been developed specifically for specialty crops, apiculture and ecological conservation. ---Objective 1--- :::Alternative crops::: In 2019, Ohio enacted legislation allowing for hemp cultivation. CSU was able to help introduce hemp by assisting the Ohio Department of Agriculture so it could set regulations, planting research plots, educating extension agents, and outreach. Trials conducted to investigate planting depth of seeds indicated a general preference for planting depths of <0.75 inch in soil. Intercropping trials were conducted during the 2020 season in collaboration with partners. Hemp trials were conducted at CSU in 2021 for fiber, grain and germplasm evaluation. The germplasm trial provides much needed data for developing crosses. A Chinese germplasm shows the strongest promise for developing fiber lines. Only a few European lines show any possibility of success for fiber production in Ohio. The ability to double crop grain hemp after winter wheat seems possible. Application of fertilizer was found to be critical. Lack of quality genetics for Ohio continues to limit planting of grain and fiber hemp in the State. Outcomes include farmers rethinking production of grain and fiber hemp. This work also helped to better understand hemp diversity and impacts of cultural practices on hemp, enabling better evaluation of hemp fields being certified. Hemp lines were identified with different fragrance profiles. Seeds were saved for further stabilization of profiles. TLC plates produced minor color variations between cannabinoids. The method was adapted for testing liquid extracts and appears to work for differentiating cannabinoid deficient, CBG, and THC containing plants. A researcher for the topic of specialty corn varieties began activities at CSU in 2020. An entire seed bank of corn germplasm was acquired as a new resource for research. A post-doc was hired to support the work. Focus has been in regenerating specialty maize lines during two growing seasons. In 2020, a five acre nursery was planted and harvested toward the effort of maintaining the development of inbred lines from previous breeding efforts to develop Amylomaize VII. In 2021, a ten-acre field was established as a breeding nursery to generate an viable Amylomaize VII line. Two isolations were established for the purpose of increasing parent seed from a line derived from the early inbred and one provided by a private cooperator. Attempts were made to test crosses for yield evaluation and generate a new set of hybrids having high resistant starch. Grain data will be used to prioritize establishment of test crosses for subsequent yield evaluations. Space has been allocated to serve as a laboratory for grain evaluation. Equipment has been acquired which is needed for routine analysis of starches and to speed the development of new hybrids acceptable for production by end-users. A PPP was developed to continue developing specialty starch maize hybrids and other value-added traits of interest for both food and non-food future applications, to ensure a market for these crops through commercialization of specialty corn developed at CSU. In 2021, CSU was accepted as a cooperator with USDA/ARS Germplasm Enhancement of Maize Program (GEM). Phenotypic descriptors were collected for germplasm accessions of sweet potato collected in 2019. Harvested root materials were taken for yield evaluation and characterization of starch and composition. The research was the basis of a successful CBG grant application which began in May 2020. Perennial wheatgrass plantings from 2019 regenerated a harvest in 2020 and a substantial harvest of grains was collected. Grains were isolated for yield determination and quality analysis. Project researchers were involved in creating the first planting of the perennial oilseed crop "silflower" in Ohio. Twelve land races provided by the Land Institute were planted at a partnering research site in replication at three ecotype sites. CSU scientists and students are involved in evaluating the success of this establishment and will monitor and collect data in future seasons. Physiological monitoring was done in lettuce plants grown in CSU's aquaponics lab. Data was collected on crop performance and yield over serval weeks of production and plants at different stages of growth and maturity. This data was in tandem with measurements taken on the fish specimens grown in the same system for publication and dissemination of results. :::Natural products::: Research areas for natural product crops were established at CSU's agricultural research station. Materials from these plots have been used in research, particularly in investigations of antimicrobial activity. Using project equipment, high grade extracts are able to be produced for testing. In one study, a total of 672 natural product extracts were tested for antibiotic activity. Of those, 108 were found to be inhibitors and 18 were toxic to bacteria. By performing these tests, it was possible to analyze different extracts and assess their potential as anti-bacterial agents for use in natural product formulations. Studies on the hydroponic treatment of aromatic plants showed that yield significantly increased as compared to soil treatment. Essential oil content of the leaves was not affected by treatment. In a similar respect, the active constituents in the essential oils did not significantly differ between treatments as determined by GC-MS analysis. The study showed that hydroponically-grown sage performed well under this type of cultivation and the quality of active ingredients in the herb was not compromised. Pretreatment and processing research found that freezing of plant materials significantly increases yields of essential oils as compared to drying the material. An additional 288 extracts from the National Cancer Institute were evaluated for inhibition of bacterial growth and virulence. Six isolates have been identified for further study. ---Objective 2--- Conservation of prairies and wetlands: Surveys of natural areas and wetlands in were conducted in southwestern Ohio. Three sites were selected for study namely Prairie Road Fen (Clark County), Spring Valley (Greene County) and Cedar Bog (Urbana County). The project successfully initiated acquiring 12 acres of farmland to add to the Prairie Road Fen natural wetlands for additional conservation purposes achieved by meetings with land owner, NRCS, Army Corp of Engineers, ODNR and USFWS. Valuable field data on the snakes, vegetation and pollinators populations were collected. Population data on state endangered species Massasauga rattlesnake was documented. Data on (i) occupancy of cover boards by reptiles, (ii) occurrences of prey species and (iii) vegetation data on only a part of the study area were recorded. A database was established for endangered species of rattlesnake and other reptiles of the wetlands. The research worked toward developing a IBI for reptiles in herbaceous wetland and a management plan for endangered reptiles of wetlands in Ohio. ---Objective 3--- The project has conducted and completed significant work on following topics: analysis of honeybee queen quality (Apis mellifera) between feral and commercial bees; breeding for mite resistant honeybee stocks; grooming and mite biting behavior of honey bees in Ohio; morphological changes in the mandibles associated with the defensive behavior of Indiana mite biters against Varroa mites; functional genomics and epigenomics in honeybees; DNA methylation, brain, and social behavior of honeybees in response to lethal viral infection, effects of thiamethoxam on the homing, flight, learning acquisition, and short-term retention of Apis cerana.
Publications
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Progress 10/01/20 to 05/31/21
Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience for this reporting period was foremost agricultural producers in Ohio, with a specific intent to assist small-scale producers, limited-resource stakeholders, females, and minorities. In particular, producers interested in specialty crops including hemp and high-amylose corn as well as beekeepers were targeted with outreach on apiculture. Professional organizations such as Ohio Ecological Food and Farm Association, state and local beekeeper associations as well as agencies such as Ohio Department of Agriculture, Ohio Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Agency, US Fish and Wildlife services and Army Corp of Engineers. Political entities can also be counted. Academic audiences included College students at Central State University, high school science students including those attending a STEM camps and K-12 administrators and counselors. Fellow scientists in the fields of sustainable agriculture, water resources management, environmental engineering, manufacturing engineering, and agricultural education and food science were also part of the audience through presentations at local and national meetings. Changes/Problems:The SARS-CoV2 pandemic continued to significantly impacted the ability to realize project activities. For some time, the University continued on remote mode where students were not on campus. Research could not be presented since it was not possible to travel to present findings. Efforts were made to be involved with online opportunities. For hemp research, the work needs isolation of varieties for breeding, as hemp is a wind pollinated plant. The pollen is very transmissible between males and fertile females. New lab space is under renovation and will be used to accommodate the breeding work. The lab space includes grow rooms to house grow tents which will be used to isolate genetics. However, the renovation process has taken longer than expected. This has delayed access to space and for grow tents needed to isolate the breeding germplasm. This has seriously hindered progress on breeding new lines. With the conclusion of the project, it is planned to sort honeybee research into a separate Formula grant for continuation of that research. Several other competitive grants are continuing as a result of this project's work. A CBG grant is looking as sweet potato as an alternative crop for Ohio agriculture. Field experiments have been done in 2021 and are planned for 2022. A dozen different land race accessions from the USDA-PGRU have been evaluated for their potential against commercial varieties. The promising candidates will be promoted for breeding efforts together with other 1890 institutions. Research at CSU is also being conducted on innovative phenotyping and postharvest aspects related to sweet potato. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Training Activities: Ten students were supported as research assistants and trained by project scientists. The students were mentored in specialty crops, natural products, apiculture and ecology with skill development in chemistry, physics, genetics, biology, scientific methods and analyses. Project scientists and staff were trained on LC-MS and genomics equipment procured through the project. Professional Development Activities: Attending the Analytical Cannabis Expo East 2020 (virtual), FDA webinar on CBD and Other Cannabinoids: Sex and Gender Differences in Response and Use, AOAC International webinar on Vape Products, Boci LLC. Ohio Certified Seed Hemp Field Tour (Van Wert County, OH - only certified hemp seed production in Ohio), and Agriculture as a Driver of Africa's Development. One student virtually presented a research talk on the grooming behavior of honeybees and another student presented a research talk virtually on quality of queen bees at the Entomological Society of America Annual Conference, 300 people attended. A project postdoc presented a research talk on the mite biting behavior and transcriptomics at the Entomological Society of America Annual Conference. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Research results have been disseminated to local communities of interest, including different stakeholders in Ohio and Kentucky. News and research updates have been disseminated on social media, Facebook and Twitter as well as newspaper and news release by CSU public relations. Results of 2020 work was distributed via the second Central State University hemp field day. Outreach and public education on hemp was provided at the 2021 Ohio Agribusiness Conference, 2021 Ohio Land Grant Hemp Conference (co-hosted by Central State University and Ohio State University), hosting University of Cincinnati students work on a class for their Cannabis certificate. A seminar on hemp was given to Westfield State University in Westfield, Massachusetts. Education of the public was provided through media publications (Farm World, Channel 5 News, Centralian, Ohio Ag Net/Ohio Country Journal, Farm and Dairy, Harvest/Gannet Publishing, and Grounded Hope. Alternative crops research was highlighted at CSU campus via the Greene County Farmers Forum and Black Farmers Conference. Bee research has been disseminated as follows: - Breeding for mite resistant honeybee stocks, Farm Science Review, on site, land grant, 100 people - Morphological Changes in the Mandibles associated with the Defensive Behavior of Indiana Mite Biters, Animal Behavior Society Conference, online - Grooming and mite biting behavior of honey bees in Ohio, USDA ARS unit in Washington, online, invited - Grooming and mite biting behavior of honey bees, CSU webinar series, online, 42 ppl - Changes in mandibles associated with the defensive behavior of Indiana mite biters against Varroa mites, Entomological Society 2021 North Central Branch Meetings, online - What do we learn about Genes, DNA methylation, Brain, and Social Behavior of Honey Bees, University College of London, online, invited, 100 ppl - Gene changes of Honey Bees in Response to Lethal Viral Infection, Ohio State Beekeeper Association / Jamie Walter, online, invited - Dynamics of Temporal Transcriptomic and Epigenomic in Response to Lethal Viral Infection, COLOSS Asia, online, 69 ppl -Honey bee epigenomic and transcriptomic response to lethal viral infections with a temporal manner, 2021 Entomological Society Virtual Eastern Branch Meeting, online, 100 ppl - My Experience at an HBCU and diversity /inclusion /equity in the community of Entomology, University of Kentucky, online, invited, 60 ppl - From Genes to Behavior: Functional Genomics and Epigenomics in Social Honeybees, Wright state university Biochemistry and Mole Bio seminar, online, invited, 50 ppl - Grooming and biting behavior of honeybees, Global Animal Behaviour Twitter Conference, online - The mite biting and grooming behavior of honeybees, America Bee Research Conference, online, 180 ppl - International Union for Study of Social Insects North West Europe Section, online, 100 ppl - Analysis of honeybee queen quality (Apis mellifera) between feral and commercial bees, Entomological Society of America annual meeting, online, 100 ppl - How do Thiamethoxam affect the homing, flight, learning acquisition, and short-term retention of Apis cerana?, Entomological Society of America annual meeting, online, 200 ppl - Mite Biting Behavior of Honeybees and the potential mechanisms, , Ohio State Beekeeper Association Fall Conference, online, invited, 1000 ppl - Gene, Genome, Behavior, and Physiology of Honey Bee, Department Seminar, Penn State University virtual, invited , 50 ppl What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?This is the final progress report for the project.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Hemp Conducted three hemp trials: 1) Fiber trial, 2) Grain trial, and 3) Germplasm evaluation trial. The fiber (cv. Chin Ma, Ferimon, Futura 75, and Kompolti) and grain (cv. Chin Ma, Fedora 17, Futura 75, and Santhica 70) trials consisted of four varieties and were replicated in quadruplicate. For fiber trials, data collected included, plant height of males and females, stand count, fiber yield. Grain trial data included, plant height of males and females, stand count, and grain yield. Germplasm trials consisted of 16 varieties evaluated for 35 traits. The germplasm trial provides much needed data for moving forward in developing crosses. Additionally, a line for CBG genetics was acquired and grown out for breeding, but the progeny all produced CBD instead of CBG.Seed is being grown out to evaluate for segregation of CBG in the progeny. Chinese germplasm shows the strongest promise for developing fiber lines. Only a few European lines show any possibility of success for fiber production in Ohio. The ability to double crop grain hemp (mid-July planting) after winter wheat seems possible. However, taller and later flowering varieties (such as fiber types) are required to obtain the 5-6' height needed to suppress weeds. Application of fertilizer is critical. The 2021 trials were done on ground was in soy followed by being fallow 2 years. This did not provide sufficient fertility for hemp as plants were stunted and clearly nutrient deficient. Nutrient deficiency amplified border effects of plots. Lack of quality genetics (along with lack of processors) for Ohio continues to limit planting of grain and fiber hemp in the state. Outcomes include farmers rethinking production of grain and fiber hemp, which has saved many of them from failures and lost income. This work also helped the Ohio Seed Improvement Association to better understand hemp diversity and impacts of cultural practices (e.g. border effects) on hemp, enabling them to better evaluate hemp fields being certified. Specialty corn Focus has been in regenerating 'specialty' maize lines during two growing seasons in Ohio (2020 and 2021). The specialty corn germplasm is currently housed in a rented space while work is underway renovating Simpson Hall on the CSU campus to eventually serve as a permanent location (expected in 2022). Space has been allocated to serve as a wet laboratory for the evaluation of grain and grain starches. Equipment has been acquired which is needed for routine analysis of starches and expenditures to speed the development of new starch types and hybrids acceptable for production by end-users. In 2021 a ten-acre field established as a breeding nursery was planted to regenerate an Amylomaize VII line. Along with this, two isolations were established for the purpose of increasing parent seed from a line derived from the early inbred and a line provided by a private cooperator. The goal is to increase these two lines at a winter nursery facility. Attempts were made to test crosses for yield evaluation and generate a new set of GEM x GEM (AmyVII) hybrids having high (40-45%) RS: Allele-specific PCR genotyping employ to confirm the presence of starch branching enzymes resulting in elevated amylose. Grain data will be used to prioritize establishment of test crosses for subsequent yield evaluation at external locations. A long-term relationship was developed with Bluegrass Farms of Ohio Inc. in Jeffersonville, OH and Ingredion located in Indianapolis, IN. These partnerships were started with the goal to continue developing specialty starch maize hybrids and other value-added traits of interest for both food and non-food future applications, to ensure a market for these crops through commercialization of specialty corn developed at CSU and lessen inherent economic instabilities in a market driven by evolving needs of consumers and processors. In March of 2021, CSU applied for acceptance to become a cooperator with USDA/ARS Germplasm Enhancement of Maize Program (GEM) and was accepted in September. Other alternative crops and natural products Plantings of medicinal and aromatic plants at CSU's plot have been expanded by six additional species. Materials from several species have been collected and preserved for research. Experiments are ongoing to evaluate methods and treatments on quality of extracts. Pretreatment and processing research found that freezing of plant materials significantly increases yields of essential oils as compared to drying the material. New extracts will be investigated for chemical makeup and tested for anti-microbial potential. Additional 288 extracts from the National Cancer Institute were evaluated for inhibition of bacterial growth and virulence. Six isolates have been identified for further study. Plantings of silphium, a perennial oil seed crop, were established at a partner site in Greene county, OH. Twelve land races were planting in replication at three ecotype sites, including open meadow, riparian and agroforest. The materials were provided by the Land Institute in Kansas who is supporting the research on perennial crops for Ohio agriculture. Seeds were collected for the 2021 season, although it typically takes several seasons for the crop to establish. CSU scientists and students are involved in evaluating the success of this establishment and will monitor and collect data over the next season. Honey bee cultivation The behavior of mite biting or grooming describes how a worker bee uses its two forelegs and two mandibles of its mouthpart to attack a Varroa mite in a honeybee colony. To characterize the mite damage, we categorized the mites observed as four different types: mature adult female mites in dark brown colors with no damage and all eight legs are present, damaged adult female mites with legs missing, young adult female mites which are pale in color and are not counted as a damaged adult mite, and mites with partial body missing. To evaluate the total mite population, we collected all the mites that appeared on the bottom board of each colony from each commercial colony, mite biter colony, and mite biting open mated colony. Analysis identified that the levels of mite biting behavior or grooming behavior in the mite biter are significantly higher than the commercial colonies. Levels of mite biting behavior or grooming behavior between mite biter and mite biter open mated colonies are not significantly different. Commercial bees have the lowest mite biting behavior among all three groups. Our result showed no difference regarding the average number of legs missing per mite. To compare the morphology of mandibles, six different parameters are measured from the microCT. Statistical analysis between these two groups showed that the long edge of mite biter colonies are significantly shorter than the commercial colonies. There is no significant difference of the other five parameters between two groups, but in the length, height, short edge and span of the spine area, we noticed a consistent trend of a smaller value in mite biter colonies. Results below are from the project of ageing and oxidative stress. To compare colonies, we identified at least three feral colonies in three different locations in Ohio. For the survival analysis, a log-rank test was performed to provide a statistical comparison of the two groups, feral versus managed colonies. Our data indicated that the life span of feral bees was significantly longer than that of managed bees. For the feral colonies, survival ranged from 47-57 days. In contrast, the managed colonies displayed a shorter life span of 28-42 days. The results show a significant difference in lipid damage between the two colony types. The feral colonies tested displayed a higher level of MDA than did the managed colonies. No significant difference was found in protein damage levels between the feral and managed colony types. All three locations showed similar patterns.
Publications
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Phipps B, Schluttenhofer C. Perspectives of Industrial Hemp Cultivation. In Industrial Hemp: Food and Nutraceutical Applications. Ed. Milica Pojic and Brijesh Tiwari. Elsevier.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Swami R, Ganser B, Strand M, Tarpy D, Li-Byarlay H, Assessment and comparison of two different extraction methods on nucleic acids from individual honey bees, Annals of the Entomological Society of America
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Smith J, Cleare X, Given K, Li-Byarlay H, 2021. Morphological changes in the mandibles accompany the defensive behavior of Indiana mite biting honey bees against Varroa destructor, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Qin J, Liu F, Luo S, Wu J, He S, Imran M, Ye W, Lou W, Li-Byarlay H, The Molecular Characterization and Gene Expressions of Trehalase in Bumblebee, Bombus lantschouensis (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Sociobiology, 68(4), e5443.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Wen X, Ma C, Sun M, Wang Y, Xue X, Chen J, Song W, Li-Byarlay H, Luo S, 2021, Pesticide residues in the pollen and nectar of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and their hazards to honey bees. Science of The Total Environment, 786, 2021,147443,
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2021
Citation:
Wu Y, Zheng Y, Li-Byarlay H, Shi Y, Wang S, Zheng H, Hu F, 2020. CYP6AS8, a cytochrome P450, is associated with the 10-HDA biosynthesis in honey bee (Apis mellifera) workers, Apidologie. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-019-00709-5
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Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20
Outputs
Target Audience:The project aims to serve anyone currently involved or those identifying novel opportunities in the production, development, processing, marketing and delivery of natural products and specialty products that would be of interest to: Consumers looking for alternative food and medicine choices that can help control disease and physiological wellbeing like blood sugar regulation. Parties interested in a number of other health benefits resulting from a growing body of research in digestive health and overall physical and mental wellness reinforced by plant-based consumption Commercial and prospective producers of hemp for grain and fiber and SMEs considering the more labor-intensive production of metabolite hemp as well as the cannabis industry for industrial and therapeutic uses. Beekeepers, bee farmers, honey products, pollination service industry, producers of crops pollinated by insects. End-users interested in developing novel materials including composite material of biopolymers to meet the need for biodegradable packaging material currently being promoted and mandated in many parts of the world. Specifically this project aims to support rural and urban communities with options for commodity crops that are currently in demand and limited in supply. In Ohio this could be particularly of interest to those currently involved in small-scale agriculture where the production of traditional commodities have either consolidated (dairy), use has diminished (tobacco), or are projected to diminish as demand changes (corn/soy). Changes/Problems:The SARS-CoV2 pandemic significantly impacted the ability to realize project objectives. The University went completely remote from March to August 2020. During this time, students were not on campus and were limited to online work. Access to research facilities for project scientists and staff was restricted, further limiting advancement. In some cases, work could not be presented since it was not possible to travel to participate in conference and other events. Efforts were made to be involved with online opportunities. Hemp research was hampered by requirement to acquire hemp germplasms from foreign sources. This caused the planned fiber and grain trail to be modified into a row spacing trial for fiber hemp using the one US-based accession obtained in time for a late planting. Another major challenge with the hemp research is keeping selections isolated to produce inbred lines. Hemp pollen is wind-borne and highly motile. Currently, only one line can be grown in the same greenhouse. Small grow tents were purchased to test for suitability of isolating and growing plant selections. An additional research faculty to contribute to the animal science aspect of this project (Objective 4) was so far not realized. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? The project provided the opportunity to for project scientists, staff and students to attend multiple professional conferences. Among these were the Professional Agricultural Workers Conference (PAWC), National Hemp Research and Education Conference (NHRE), Ohio Ecological Food and Farm Association (OEFFA) Conference, American Bee Research Conference, Entomology 2019 Conference, Pathways to Regeneration Conference, Ohio Black Farmer Conference, and Farm Science Review at Ohio State. The NHRE conference was established to help guide USDA priorities for funding hemp research and allowed input into USDA target areas for hemp research. OEFFA attendance allowed participation in diverse workshops and seminars related to local agricultural issues. Students working with project equipment at CSU field sites and laboratories have had numerous opportunities to develop skill in scientific and analytical procedures. A student project also focused on research using microCT 3D scanning at the Ohio State University to compare the structures of mandibles. Project scientists, staff and students have developed professional skills by presenting their work at conferences, symposia and outreach events. During pandemic procedures, project scientists and staff have become proficient at remote functioning. Dr. Campbell has improved his capability with Microsoft products considerably. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Project scientists, staff and students have presented at multiple conferences such as the Ohio Black Farmer Conference, Ohio Ecological Food and Farm Association (OEFFA) Conference and Farm Science Review, as well as outreach events including several field day and educational installments organized by CSU extension and other organizations. Project findings and demonstrations have been publicized via factsheets and bulletins, news and research posts on social media pages, as well as reports and interviews for radio and newspaper. Project scientists were interviewed for "In Ohio's Country Today" television shoot and for a feature article in "Farm World Magazine". Project actors have also engaged in numerous seminars, forums and one-on-one communications directly with stakeholders and extension staff from CSU and other institutions. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?The project cycle will close on 5/31/2021. Until then, following activities are planned: Novel alternative crops Hemp Trials indicate hemp is a viable as a fiber, grain, and metabolite crop in Ohio. This provides a new option for Ohio farmers provided appropriate markets for sale of hemp crops are established. Use of CBD to make industrial compounds does not seem feasible based on costs. Options may yet be found for inclusion of CBD in industrial products. Lines carrying CBD, CBG, and cannabinoid-deficient traits have been identified. These plants will serve as parents for improved varieties and development of new chemistries. Stains show some ability to differentiate cannabinoids. Further work is needed to identify ways for distinguishing hemp from marijuana. Specialty corn Research will continue the cycle of growing materials for corn breeding research, conducting data analysis, making selections and listening and learning what the needs are from consumers and end-users. Dr. Campbell has maintained contact with the GEM coordinator in Ames, IA. Due COVID, he has not attended meetings or field days to engage CSU and set up agreements to serve as a cooperating institution. This will remain a top priority. Others Additional experiments will be done with plants grown in CSU's aquaponics research lab. Materials collected and preserved from the 2020 season will be evaluated for by researchers and student projects. Conservation of prairies and wetlands Research will continue with data collection according to plan, completing the review articles with students and developing protocols for the animal house. When the database is complete, it will be used for data analysis and generate ecological models. The information will also be useful to farmers and land owners around the wetlands. Honey bee cultivation Research will start the artificial insemination to develop breeding stocks of Indiana mite biter stocks by working with Purdue University. Collection of mite samples for our database, for tool application will continue. Investigations will look if the foster environment affects the grooming behavior of honeybees and compare more honeybee mandibles from other states or population. The queen quality of different honeybee stocks will be evaluated and the bee viral prevalence from different landscapes will be investigated.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Novel alternative crops Hemp Grain and fiber variety trials were planned for data collection in 2020. Anticipation of obtaining other varieties from Europe delayed planting fiber varieties. In July, the site was modified to study two planting methods of "Chin Ma" variety. Little is known about the performance of metabolite hemp in Ohio. Mother plants were started for 3 strains, "Boax," "Cherry Wine," and "Otto II." After screening male and female plants, two lines were selected from each for field plantings. Trials were conducted at the CSU greenhouse to investigate planting depth of hemp seed. The age of seed produced inconsistent germination rates. Preliminary results indicated a general preference for planting depths of <0.75 inch in soil and 1 inch or less in potting media. A research collaboration was established to study the production of hemp interspaced with sweet potatoes at a farm in Lake County. Clones of four varieties of metabolite hemp were donated to the project. Intercropping trials were conducted during the 2020 season. Cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), and cannabinoid-deficient (non-cannabinoid) plants were tentatively identified. Seeds from these plants have been planted in the CSU greenhouse. Small grow tents were obtained to test for suitability of isolating and growing plant selections. Selections of hemp were made from variety trials in the fall of 2019. Tall individuals were tagged and selected based on height and fiber-type morphology. In the fall of 2019, lines were identified with 5 different fragrance profiles. Seeds were saved for further stabilization of profiles. On TLC plates, the traditional Fast Blue BB reagent produces minor color variations between cannabinoids. The method was adapted for testing liquid extracts and appears to work for differentiating, cannabinoid deficient, CBG, and cannabinoid containing (CBD or THC) plants. Kentucky State University is conducting a study looking at a new chromatography method for quantitation of THC. Diverse planting locations were needed for this work. Seeds were provided and planted at the CSU farm to provide floral material for KSU studies. Specialty corn A researcher for the topic of specialty corn varieties was recruited and began activities at the start of 2020. Dr. Mark Campbell has joined CSU bringing an entire seed bank as a new resource for research. A successful effort was made transferring breeding activities in the 2020 season. A five acre nursery was planted, managed and harvested toward the effort of maintaining and continuing the development of inbred lines from previous breeding efforts to develop Amylomaize VII class maize. In July, a research assistant was hired to support the work of Dr. Campbell. A potential private collaborator was identified and is interested in the commercial applications resulting from the research. Sweet potato Phenotypic descriptors were collected for 15 germplasm accessions of sweet potato harvested late in 2019 from field trials that season. Tuber materials from harvested plants were measured for yield estimates and selected for characterization of starch and composition. The research has been awarded a CBG grant which began in May 2020 and reporting will be transferred over to that project. Perennial crops Wheatgrass plantings from 2019 regenerated in 2020 and a substantial harvest of grains was collected. Panicles were cut after grain set and threshed in the CSU greenhouse. Grains were isolated for yield determination are being conserved for analysis in the new labs being established at CSU. Project researchers were involved in creating the first planting of the perennial oilseed crop "silphium" in Ohio. Materials provided by the Land Institute in Kansas were established at a partnering research site about 10 miles from campus. CSU scientists and students are involved in evaluating the success of this establishment and will monitor and collect data over the next season. Others Physiological monitoring was done in lettuce plants grown in CSU's aquaponics research lab. Data was collected on photosynthetic activity and plant stress over serval weeks of production and plants at different stages of growth and maturity. This data will be combined with measurements taken on the fish specimens grown in the same system for publication and dissemination of results. Materials from the perennial plot established in 2018 were harvested for use in research and student projects. Conservation of prairies and wetlands Population data was collected for reptiles and rodents at the wetland conservation sites for another season as part of a five- year study. This was limited however, since most of the field activity needed to be canceled for the 2020 season. Students could not visit the study sites for data collection. However, as much data as possible was collected from the two study sites. Data on (i) occupancy of cover boards by reptiles, (ii) occurrences of prey species and (iii) vegetation data on only a part of the study area were recorded. A student study was conducted on the fate of herbicides applied for the control of bush honeysuckle in agricultural landscapes near riparian areas. Honey bee cultivation Efforts were carried out to research and survey mite biting behavior in feral colonies and commercial colonies in Ohio. A student research project collected more than 1000 images of mites. Another student used microCT 3D scanning to compare the structures of mandibles of worker bees among feral bees, commercial bees, and Indiana mite biters. Further student research project compared the grooming behavior between European honeybees and Eastern honeybees. Through these efforts, breeding stocks of honeybees for mite biting/grooming and mite resistant traits have been identified, a database of mite images has been established, new scientific knowledge has been generated about the mandible structures among different honeybee stocks and feral honeybee colonies to promote sustainable beekeeping in Ohio. A change in action has been to help beekeepers to setup swarm traps and use local feral/wild honeybee colonies.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Ma, C., Zhang, Y., Sun, J., Imran, M., Yang, H., Wu, J., Zou, Y., Li-Byarlay, H. and Luo, S. (2019) Impact of acute oral exposure to thiamethoxam on the homing, flight, learning acquisition and short-term retention of Apis cerana. Pest Management Science, 75(11), 2975-2980.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Schluttenhofer, C. (2020) Origin and evolution of jasmonate signaling. Plant Science, 298, 110542.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Cao, D., Lowell, C., Schluttenhofer, C., Morris A., Erdman, A., Johnson, T., Taylor J. (2020) Undergraduate Research: Deep Learning-based Plant Classifiers and Their Real-life Research Applications. 2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access. https://peer.asee.org/35411
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Miller, S., Nagle, M. (2019) Potential of hydroponic herb production for yielding quality plant materials. 77th Professional Agricultural Workers Conference, Tuskegee AL, Dec 8-10, 2019.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Li-Byarlay, H., Boncristiani, H., Howell, G., Herman, J., Clark, L., Strand, M.K., Tarpy, D. and Rueppell, O. (2020) Transcriptomic and epigenomic dynamics of honey bees in response to lethal viral infection. Frontiers in Genetics, 11, 1056.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Li-Byarlay, H., & Cleare, X. L. (2020) Current trends in the oxidative stress and ageing of social hymenopterans. In Russell Jurenka, editor: Advances in Insect Physiology, AIIP, UK: Academic Press.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Simeon, P., Nagle, M. Arment, A. (2019) Anti-bacterial potential of biological extracts based on observed effects with C. violaceum. 77th Professional Agricultural Workers Conference, Tuskegee AL, December 8-10, 2019.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Washington, A., Nagle, M. (2020) Using Artificial Intelligence to Regulate a Hydroponics System by Machine Learning. ERN Conference in STEM. Washington, DC. February 6-8, 2020.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Li-Byarlay, H. (2019) DNA Methylation and Sociality in Honey Bees , Annual Meeting of the Entomological Society of America, St. Louis, MO.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Li-Byarlay, H. (2020) A Proof of Concept Study in Social Honey Bees via Genome-editing. Animal Behavior Society Conference (online).
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Li-Byarlay, H. (2020) The Physiological Effects of Oxidative Stress between Feral and Commercial honeybees. American Bee Research Conference. Schaumburg IL.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Wu G, Li Q, Liu X, Li-Byarlay H, He B. Differential state-dependent effects of deltamethrin and tefluthrin on sodium channels in central neurons of Helicoverpa armigera.
|
Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19
Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience for this reporting period was foremost agricultural producers in Ohio, with a specific intent to assist small-scale producers, limited-resource stakeholders, females, and minorities.In particular, producers interested in specialty crops including hemp as well as beekeepers were targeted with outreach on apiculture. Professional organizations such as Ohio Ecological Food and Farm Association, state and local beekeeper associations as well as agencies such as Ohio Department of Agriculture, Ohio Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Agency, US Fish and Wildlife services and Army Corp of Engineers. Political entities can also be counted. Academic audiences included College students at Central State University, high school science students including those attending a STEM camps and K-12 administrators and counselors. Fellow scientists in the fields of sustainable agriculture, water resources management, environmental engineering, manufacturing engineering, and agricultural education and food science were also part of the audience through presentations at local and national meetings. Changes/Problems:We need research faculty to contribute to the animal science aspect of this project (Goal IV). This will be included in next cycle plans for the project. Internal hiring process has been initiated. A separate project has been opened that will incorporate the Food, Nutrition, and Health research components into their own unit. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Project scientists have delivered knowledge to people through attending local stakeholder meetings, various events, conferences, and visiting and hosting primary and secondary schools. Formal classroom instruction as lecturers, laboratory instruction for research students to perform experiments in the lab, and development of curriculum or innovative teaching methodologies to teach about project findings. Project provided workshops and trainings on specialty crops, apiculture, heath science and conservation biology to numerous interest groups. Project scientists have conducted field and lab research and provided mentoring to students on field site evaluation and assessments, sample collections on site in the field, and lab procedures to process samples for lab assays. The student assistants have developed their professional capacities by working with the faculty researchers. Students have been trained in laboratory, field biology and general research skills. Students have gained knowledge in specialty crops, conservation ecology, honey bee biology in terms of genetics, behavior, pest management, protocol development, and disease and health sciences. Introducing new crops requires considerable public education. Efforts this year have sought to bring formal and informal educational presentations to Ohio citizens, develop and implement a course curriculum for teaching about hemp, and extension/outreach events (field day). Formal presentations were given at the Kentucky Hemp Industries Association annual meeting and CSU Outreach Education and Technical Assisting conferences. An in-service on educating the educators was hosted to provide CSU and Ohio State University extension agents necessary information for educating Ohio citizens about hemp and its production. A field day was hosted to educate local growers about hemp production. Talks were given about hemp to growers attending the OSU Farm Science Review. Informal conversations with dozens of perspective hemp growers took place. Numerous talks were given at various locations on such topics including Social Caste Determination in Honeybees, Bee Brain Anatomy, Functional Genomics and Epigenomics of Honeybees and Mite Biting Behavior of Honey Bees. The project has allowed scientists to attend professional conferences and present information, discuss findings, and explore current research. Dr. Schluttenhofer participated at the Kentucky Hemp Industries Association annual meeting and attended the Western Kentucky Hemp Conference to network with growers and attendees from other 1890 Land Grant Institutions. Dr. Nagle attended and presented at the annual conference of the American Society of Horticultural Science. Dr. Carter attended American College of Sports Medicine conference and the American Society of Nutrition conference. Several project scientists attended the 1890 ARD Symposium. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Information about specialty crops has been disseminated through numerous extension and outreach events such as the OETA conference hosted by CSU, field days, service sessions to educate extension agents as well as the general public, extension bulletins, and discussions with growers and stakeholders. These members not only learned about the crops but the current and future research that is being done at CSU. The apiculture programs's Facebook page with updates on lab research and outreach activities has reached to 90000+ people online. Dr. Li-Byarlay has provided oral presentations to visitors, participants, college students, k-12 students as face to face meetings. In total, our the project has reached to over 3000 people in public about our research. Ohio counties where activies have taken place are Warren, Greene, Madison, Union, Mercer, Montgomery, Brown, Champaign, Clark, Clermont, and Clinton. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Cooperation will be continued to be organized with Small Medium Enterprises SMEs and other research institutes. The germplasm and botanical specimen collection will be enlarged. The CSU botanical garden, woodland and wetland ecological conservation sites, experimental prairie and field station will be further developed to serve as the base for research, education and outreach pertaining to the project goals. Here experimental and demonstration plots will be established to study and educate on cultivation practices for alternative crops as materials for the formulation of natural products. A natural products lab will be established for project scientists. Additional researchers will be incorporated. Organizational efforts will continue to engage land owners to commit to conservation and bring more area into conservation. Development of image recognition software and RFID technology to track animals like snakes will continue. An apiary building for field bee lab operations, including bee handling, observation hives, inseminations, injections, and queen rearing will be built. Research scientists are planning exchanges through seminars, workshops and conferences and will work in close conjunction with CSU extension agents. Manuscripts will be submitted for publication in scientific journals on honey bee viral impact on the transcriptome, genome, and epigenome of pupal development in a temporal manner as well as useful properties of plant species. The work thus far has found a strong interest and support for the hemp industry in Ohio; however, there is still a strong misunderstand of what hemp is (incorrectly considered marijuana) by a number of people - particularly students and citizens outside the agricultural community. This finding illustrates the need to provide further education to the public going forward to fully establish this crop as successful in the state. Now that CSU can grow hemp, research to accomplish the goals of expanding the use of natural products and modifying plant chemistries can be initiated.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Project activities have helped to introduce new crops to Ohio, including hemp, and allowed Central State be the first university in the State to 1) plant hemp in over 70 years, 2) to host an event to educate extension agents about hemp production, 3) host a hemp field day, 4) to produce an extension bulletin on hemp. The project has initiated efforts on new honeybee stocks for mite resistance. It was observed through project research that feral bee colonies display higher rate of mite biting behavior in Midwest populations and that queen cells can be used to diversify the genetics in regional beekeeping. Changes in knowledge related to specialty crop production and apiculture have led to changes in action: farmers are trying production of new crops; queen cells from mite-resistant colonies are being used in new apiaries throughout Ohio; beekeepers are trained actively inform their community about this effort to improve bee resistance to Varroa mites; beekeepers are setting up swarm traps to catch feral colonies and increase the diversity of their bee stocks. 1. Novel alternative crops A total of 672 natural product extracts were tested for antibiotic activity against Chromobacterium violeceum. Of those, 108 were found to be inhibitors and 18 were toxic to the bacteria. By performing these tests, it was possible to analyze different extracts and assess their potential as anti-bacterial agents for use in natural product formulations. Studies on the hydroponic treatment of aromatic plants showed that yield significantly increased as compared to soil treatment. Essential oil content of the leaves was higher for the soil grown samples, but per dry basis, the amount was not affected by treatment. In a similar respect, the active constituents in the essential oils did not significantly differ between treatments as determined by GC-MS analysis. The study showed that hydroponically-grown sage performed well under this type of cultivation and the quality of active ingredients in the herb was not compromised. Research areas have been expanded at CSU's agricultural research station. Additional areas have been planted to expand CSU's perennial collection including perennial grain crops. Field trials were conducted with 30 sweet potato and 24 mustard germplasm accessions from USDA-ARS. Partnerships are continually being formed to initiate activities with Ohio farmers to facilitate production of novel crops. In support of setup of the CSU aquaponics facility, hydroponics systems were investigated for specialty crops. In August 2019, legislation passed in Ohio that made efforts to introduce hemp to the state possible. CSU was able to help introduce hemp as a crop to Ohio by 1) assisting the Ohio Department of Agriculture in better understanding hemp so it could create appropriate regulations, 2) planting hemp at CSU, 3) educating extension agents about hemp production, 4) hosting a hemp field day, 5) and producing an extension bulletin on hemp. 2. Conservation of prairies and wetlands Population data was collected for reptiles and rodents at three wetland conservation sites for another season as part of a five-year study. On the basis of the preliminary data it appears that the Massasauga rattlesnake population in the Prairie Road Fen and Spring Valley is reducing, however, the Cedar Bog site shows an increase in the population. The variation in precipitation has effected water levels in the wetlands and the inundated area has increased significantly leading to a change in the vegetation patters which has adversely effected the snake population. CSU mediated several meetings between the land owners and NRCS who were convinced to apply for the federal NRCS easement program and after the easement to donate the property to CSU for faculty and student research. Eleven acers of the property were approved by the NRCS and closing documents are being processed. 3. Honey bee cultivation 3.1. Mite Biting Behavior in Ohio Honey Bees To select optimal honeybee stocks with high mite biting behavior, one undergraduate student conducted screening for mite biting behavior in different colonies in the Western and Central Ohio. The details of the 40 colonies and mite biting behavior are recorded. We standardized and developed a workflow for mite sample observations and comparisons, and developed technical writing and scientific presentation skills for students. We continue to add more colony data to the database of mites. 3.2. The Evolution of Honey Bee Mandibles. To understand the mite biting behavior, we compared the evolution and functional morphology of the weapon that bees use to attack mites, which are the mandibles. The mandibles of these bees are used for biting mite legs or body parts, building combs, secreting mandible glands to feed young brood, and many other functions in the hive. Student has used a microCT scanner called HeliScan at Ohio State University (Electron Microscopy and Analysis, CEMAS) to scan 16 samples from 5 colonies representing Purdue mite biting bees, and package bees (considered as less mite biting behavior) with more than 500GB of data. We also compared Ohio feral bees to Apis cerana collected in China and worker bees collected at Purdue University, IN. 3.3. Queen quality and queen cells. Honeybees are the most important managed pollinators contributing significantly to the US economy. However, managed bee colonies are in a 60-70% annual decline in Ohio. We have worked with beekeepers from Southern, Western, and Central Ohio beekeepers to improve the queen quality of honeybee stocks by using the 48-hr queen cells. Our bee lab has provided exclusive training on honeybee genetics, queen development, queen cell biology, 48-hr queen cells, swarm traps, and nutrition in the summer of 2019. 4. Small animal production CSU has initiated the position for employment of an animal scientist. Other accomplishments Activities related to Food, Nutrition and Health program at CSU were included with this project for the current reporting cycle. During this time, investigators developed a focus of research that will guide scientists in their development of research projects and funding proposals; proposed a 5-year research plan and budget for the newly established Food, Nutrition and Health division; and developed research projects, submitted funding proposals and IRB applications for projects to begin between after 9/30/19.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Wu Y, Zheng Y, Li-Byarlay H, Shi Y, Wang S, Zheng H, Hu F, 2018, CYP6AS8, a cytochrome P450 modulate the 10-HDA biosynthesis in honey bee (Apis mellifera) workers. Apidologie (accepted)
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Ma C, Zhang Y, Sun J, Imran M, Yang H, Wu J, Zou Y, Li?Byarlay H, Luo S. (2019) Impact of acute oral exposure to thiamethoxam on the homing, flight, learning acquisition and short?term retention of Apis cerana. Pest Management Science, 75:2975-2980. DOI:10.1002/ps.5411
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Qin J., Liu F, Luo S, Wu J, He S, Imran M, Ye W, Lou W, Li-Byarlay H, 2018, Molecular Cloning and Expression Analysis of Trehalase Gene in Bombus hypocrite
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Li-Byarlay, H. Mite Biting Behavior of Honeybees Puerto Rico Honey Bee and Evolution of Invasive Organisms. Islands Conference, San Juan, PR. 8/13/2019
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Nagle M. Herbal yield and quality of sage plants grown under hydroponic conditions. American Society of Horticultural Science Annual Conference, Las Vegas NV. July 22-25, 2019.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Washington A, Nagle M, Lowell C. Testing of A food computer concept constructed using recycled appliances. Ohio Academy of Science, 128th Annual Conference. Columbus OH, April 13, 2019.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Nagle M. Hydroponics: Specialty crop production, urban agriculture and beyond. OETA Farmers Conference. Wilberforce OH. April 6, 2019.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Cornish A, Lowell C, Nagle, M. Sustainable Control of Invasive Japanese Knotweed. Poster. 1890 ARD Symposium, Jacksonville, FL. March 30-April 2, 2019.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Li-Byarlay, H. Grooming Behavior of Honeybees. 1890 ARD Symposium, Jacksonville, FL. 3/19/2019
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Li-Byarlay, H. Mite Biting Behavior of Honeybees in Ohio. 1890 ARD Symposium, Jacksonville, FL. 3/19/2019
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Washington A, Nagle M, Lowell C. The Refooderator: a food computer concept for home cultivation of fresh produce using recycled kitchen appliances. 1890 ARD Symposium, Jacksonville, FL. March 30-April 2, 2019.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Li-Byarlay, H. Mite Biting Behavior. ERN Conference, Washington DC. 2/21/2019
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
James K, Armstead B, Krishna S. Effect of Farming on The Relative Densities of Snake Population in the Two Protected Wetlands of Ohio. 1890 ARD Symposium, Jacksonville, FL. March 30-April 2, 2019.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Schluttenhofer C. Understanding Yield Losses from Seed Shattering. Kentucky Hemp Industries Association Annual Meeting. Bowling Green, KY. February, 28, 2019.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Schluttenhofer C. Hemp: Offering Ohio Farmers New Opportunities. OETA Farmers Conference. Wilberforce OH. April 6, 2019.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Li-Byarlay, H. Investigating the Mite Biting Behavior of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera), Ohio American Bee Research Conference. Phoenix, AZ. 1/11/2019
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Li-Byarlay, H. Epigenetic dynamics of immune genes in honey bee development under viral stress. Entomology Society of America Meeting. Vancouver, Canada. 11/11/2018
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Gupta P, Dave NJ, Rogers N. Routine physical fitness and promotion of weight management for obesity prevention and body composition. 12th Health Disparities Conference, New Orleans LA, April 810 2019
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Gupta P. Global challenges, food and health: agricultural focus. OETA Farmers Conference. Wilberforce OH. April 6, 2019.
|
Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience:The targeted audiences are farmers in general and small, poor, or under-represented farmers in particular as well as limited resource growers and families, female, and minority farmers. Generated knowledge is being shared with industry partners and growers including farms, nurseries, community gardens, land managers, as well as fellow scientists from STEAM programs, fellow agencies such as Ohio Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Agency, US Fish and Wildlife services and Army Corp of Engineers, political entities, K-12 administrators and counselors and fellow scientists and students in the fields of sustainable agriculture, water resources management, environmental engineering, manufacturing engineering, and agricultural education and food science. In addition to focusing on farm prodictivity and natural products, we focused on how food appropriatly produced and nutrition impact the health of people as a component of Objective I. Focusing on natural products we wan to integrate the efforts with issues affecting food, nutrition and health. The audience for this effort will include, people affected by diabetes and obesity, food scientists, resaerchers in the field of nutrogenomics, food and nutrition specialists, exercise scientists. Changes/Problems:We need a research faculty to contribute to the veterinary science aspect of this project (Goal IV). This will be included in the future plans for the project. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The research scientists have participated in capacity building activities such as conferences, workshops, field days and conferences. Several pieces of equipment have procured for research through NIFA funds. Trainings provided by the companies have provided additional chances for professional development of the scientists. Drs. Nagle and Li-Byarlay participated in a grant writing seminar at University of Cincinnati. The student assistants have developed their professional capacities by working with the faculty researchers. Students have been trained in laboratory, field biology and general research skills. Students have gained knowledge in honey bee biology in terms of behavior, development, and disease. Students learn about beekeeping, and collect bee samples in the field. Students can obtain GPS coordinates for colony physical locations in the field. Students can explain the scope of our research to public and other beekeepers. Dr. Gupta , the scientist working on food and helath related aspects of natural products attended 11th congress on International society workshop to learn the techniques of Nutrigenomics and completed the course on on Nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics from University of North Carolina Nutrition How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Knowledge has been transferred through participation in workshops, field visits, meetings, exchanges, educational programs. Through cooperation with CSU extension activities, results have reached minority youth, inner city populations as well as women and minority farmers. Six undergraduate students have been directly involved in the research. Scientists have worked directly with more than two thousand people on honeybee health and pollinators including beekeepers, bee breeders, farmers, and the general public in Ohio. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Cooperation will be continued to be organized with SMEs and other research institutes. The germplasm and botanical specimen collection will be enlarged. The community botanical garden, woodland and wetland ecological conservation sites, experimental prairie and field station will be further developed. These locations will serve as the base for research, education and outreach pertaining to the project goals. Here experimental and demonstration plots will be established to study and educate on cultivation practices for alternative crops as materials for the formulation of natural products. An apiary building will be planned. It is for field bee lab operations, including bee handling, observation hives, inseminations, injections, and queen rearing. Research scientists are planning exchanges through seminars, workshops and conferences and will work in close conjunction with CSU extension agents. Manuscripts will be submitted for publication in scientific journals on honey bee viral impact on the transcriptome, genome, and epigenome of pupal development in a temporal manner as well as functional properties of compounds from plant species. Withe regard to the food and health rsearch the following plans are in place: The goal is to implement a nutrigenomics research the science of interaction based lifestyle intervention program Simply My Health (SMH), which includes holistic approach for disease prevention such as diabetes and obesity among general population. As traditional nutrition research focuses on providing nutrients to nourish populations, demand of improving health of individuals through diet is more practical in order to improve the quality of life and to prevent diet related diseases. Emergence of "nutrigenetics" and "nutrigenomics" will be the trend for finding the solution in addressing the issues of diabetes and obesity in our society. Nutrigenetics focuses on how individual genetic disposition, affects susceptibility to diet. Nutrigenomics explains clearly how diet influences gene transcription, protein expression and metabolism. Irregular fat metabolism and accumulation of fat can lead to obesity, which can cause the onset of type two diabetes, high blood pressure, elevated blood lipid levels and cardiovascular diseases. Obesity is a complex, disease and is a result of interaction between genes and lifestyle pattern including abnormal eating habits and a sedentary lifestyle. It is estimated that genetic factors account for 40-70% of the variance in human adiposity. About 20 different genes are linked to the causes of obesity. We paln to add additional food, nutrion and health researchers towards supplementing the research efforts of the existing researchers.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Research areas have been established in the CSU greenhouse as well as at the newly formed agricultural research station. Permanent collections have been expanded at both sites and first rounds of experiments were completed at the research station in summer 2018. Activities will be paired with the aquaponics center and freight farm which are coming online in autumn 2018.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Kim D, Minhas BF, Li-Byarlay H, and Hansen AK. 2018. Key transport and ammonia recycling genes involved in aphid symbiosis respond to host-plant specialization. G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics (2018): g3-200297
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Li-Byarlay H, Boncristiani HF, Howell G, Strand MK, Tarpy DR, Rueppell O, 2018. Methylomic and transcriptomic analyses of lethal IAPV infection in honey bee pupae. Bee World, 95:2, 47-72
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Thairu MW, Skidmore IH, Bansal R, Novakova E, Hansen TE, Li-Byarlay H, et al., 2017. Efficacy of RNAi knockdown using aerosolized siRNAs bound to nanoparticles in three divergent aphid species. Insect Mole. Biol. 26: 356.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Wilson J, Winckelmans I, Roberts T, Li-Byarlay H, Guthrie A, Wilson M, Wilson L, Delaney C, Kasab-Bachi H, Vonk M, Rivers J, 2017. A Process for Integration of Global Networks to Achieve Sustainability of Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecosystems, Applied Network Integration 1: 1-6.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Lowell, C., Nagle, M. Antibacterial activity of 80 wild plant species collected in Greene Co, Ohio. Journal of Applied Research in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Nagle M, Arment A. The action of natural products repository samples from NCI for necrosis and quorum sensing inhibition in bacterial species. The Ohio Journal of Science.
|
Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17
Outputs
Target Audience: Small farmers and under-represented farmers of the area. Ohio Department of Natural Resources US Fish and Wildlife Services US Army Corp of Engineers Industry Partners will benefit from accelerating product integration and market access, while reducing risks and costs. Growers (farmers, community gardeners, land managers, others) will benefit from the development of new, economically viable agricultural products. Undergraduate students directly involved in the research Beekeepers/queen breeders in Ohio Small farms/natural product businesses Local organizations in Yellow Springs OH working on land conservation Sustainable Agriculture Undergraduate students at CSU Local farms, businesses and communities in southwestern Ohio Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Conservation of prairies and wetlands: As part of the activities of this study two students were trained in the methods of field study design and data collection for reptile species. Cover boards, drift fences and pitfall traps for ground snakes, funnel and floating traps for turtles and visual encounter studies for lizards were developed as part of student training. Professional development of one new research assistant professor to survey for vegetation in the herbaceous wetlands of Ohio Alternate Crops & Honey bee cultivation: The research scientists have participated in capacity building activities such as conferences, workshops, field days, etc. Several pieces of equipment have procured for research through NIFA funds including Thermo Scientific UltiMate 3000 RS UHPLC, Thermo Scientific Accelerated Solvent Extraction System ASE350, Waters MV-10 Analytical Supercritical Fluid Extraction (ASFE) System, Agilent Cary 630 FTIR Spectrometer and Agilent 5977B GC-MS. Trainings provided by the companies have provided additional chances for professional development of the scientists. The student assistants have developed their professional capacities by working with the faculty researchers. Students have been trained in laboratory, field biology and general research skills. Students have gained knowledge in honey bee biology in terms of foraging, development, colony demographics. Students learn how to do basic beekeeping. Students know how to hunt for feral honeybees, and the correct process of sample collecting in the field. Students can differentiate honeybee adult foragers, nurses, eggs, larvae, and pupa. Students can handle liquid nitrogen, dry ice, and sampling tools in the field. Students can obtain GPS coordinates for colony physical locations in the field. Students can explain the scope of our research to public and other beekeepers. Dr. Marcus Ngale, the new reseracher for the natural products area attended the following meetings to develop network of companies and institutions in the region who are engaged in natural proucts work: Event: Ohio Farm Science Review Location: Ohio State University, 135 Ohio 38, London, OH 43140 Date: September 21st, 2017 Event: E. Lucy Brown Workshop for land conservation activities Location: Shawnee Lodge & Conference Center, 4404 OH-125, West Portsmouth, OH 45663 Date: August 25-27, 2017 Event: Cultivate 17 trade show Location: Greater Columbus Convention Center, 400 N High St, Columbus, OH 43215 Date: July 17, 2017 Event: Midwest Native Plant Conference Location: Bergamo Center, 4400 Shakertown Rd, Dayton, OH 45430 Date: July 29, 2017 Event: Dawes Arboretum Tour, Discussion of collaboration and exchange initiatives Location: Dawes Arboretum, 7770 Jacksontown Rd, Newark, OH 43056 Date: July 19, 2017 Dr. Nagle also attended a session hosted by Agilent Technologies with details as follows: Event: Innovations in Molecular Spectroscopy and Analysis Solutions Symposium Location: Embassy Suites, 4554 Lake Forest Dr, Blue Ash, OH 45242 Date: June 13, 2017 How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Honey bee cultivation. As we engage in pollinator research, Dr. Hongmei Li-Byarlay the entomologist resercher attended the events as described below to disseminate her research to the general public,other researchers and community orgnaizations engaged in honey bee cultivation. Event Title: Demonstration of waggle dance and bee brain system at the HoneyFest Location: 1700 Iron Horse Trail, Kettering, OH 45429 Date: September 16th, 2017. 8am -5pm Event Title: Propolis Project meeting Location: US Air Force Base, Fairborn, OH Date: August 24th, 2017 Event Title: Purdue Entomology Collaboration meeting Location: Purdue University, 901 west state street, West Lafayette, IN 47906 Date: August 31st, 2017 Event Title: OSU Collaboration meeting Location: Western Ag Station of Ohio State University, 7721 S Charleston Pike, South Charleston, OH 45368 Date: August 9th, 2017 Event Title: Ohio Farm Science Review Location: Ohio State University, 135 Ohio 38, London, OH 43140 Date: September 21st, 2017 What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Conservation of prairies and wetlands Organize more land owners to commit to conservation and bring more area into conservation. Continue and develop image recognition software. Explore and develop RFID technology to track animals like snakes. Collect intensive population data on reptiles in the wetlands. Collect quantitative data on vegetation in the wetlands Test more natural products for possible exploitation. Document pollinator species. Alternate Crops & Honey bee cultivation Cooperation will be continued to be organized with Small Medium Enterprises SMEs and other research institutes. The germplasm and botanical specimen collection will be enlarged. The community botanical garden, woodland and wetland ecological conservation sites, experimental prairie and field station will be further developed. These locations will serve as the base for research, education and outreach pertaining to the project goals. Here experimental and demonstration plots will be established to study and educate on cultivation practices for alternative crops as materials for the formulation of natural products. An apiary building for field bee lab operations, including bee handling, observation hives, inseminations, injections, and queen rearing will be built. Research scientists are planning exchanges through seminars, workshops and conferences and will work in close conjunction with CSU extension agents. Manuscripts will be submitted for publication in scientific journals on honey bee viral impact on the transcriptome, genome, and epigenome of pupal development in a temporal manner as well as medicinal properties of plant species.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Capacity building has been accomplished for Goals I, II and III. Research faculty has been hired to realize Goals I and III. Equipment has been procured in order to proceed with research on Goals I and III. Technicians for laboratory and experimental station (research farm) have been hired to assistant and support in the realization of all the Goals. A researcher with 50% extension function with background in health, nutrition and fodd science was enggaed to complement the reserach on natural products as an interdisciplinary effort. This component was added to the initial three different components - Conservation of prairies and wetlands, Alternate Crops & Honey bee cultivation. These trcks had different levels of accomplishments as described below. Conservation of prairies and wetlands : After initial survey of the natural areas and wetlands in south western Ohio three sites for immediate study and two for later study was identified within reach of CSU campus aiding easy sampling namely Prairie Road Fen (Clark County), Spring Valley (Greene County) and Cedar Bog (Urbana County). The future study areas are Beavercreek Wetland and Beavercreek land trust. Successfully initiated acquiring 12 acres of farmland to add to the Prairie Road Fen natural wetlands in Clark County OH for conservation purpose. This was achieved by persuasive meetings and discussions initiated by the Co-PI with land owner, NRCS, Army corp of engineers, ODNR and USFWS. Valuable field data on the snakes, vegetation and pollinators populations were collected. Population data on state endangered species Massasauga rattlesnake was documented. Specific Objectives met: Achieved conservation of 12 acers of wetland. Established a database for endanger species of rattlesnake and other reptiles of the wetlands. Significant Results achieved Data on Reptile population in the herbaceous wetlands of Ohio. Data toward developing a IBI for reptiles in herbaceous wetland and a management plan for endangered reptiles of wetlands in Ohio. Honey bee cultivation: Colonies of hony bees in the surrounding counties, Franklin, Lincoln, Madison, Clark, Logan and Greene were identified and samples from these colonies were collected and brought to the laboratory at CSU for studying the genetics of the bees.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Sharath Krishna, Jeffery Davis and Fredric Hayes. 2017. Beaver Dam Leads to Altering of the Stable State in the Sensitive Ecosystem of Herbaceous Wetland in Ohio. ARD Research Symposium 2017:1890 Research: Meeting the 21st Century Challenges through Innovation. April 2017.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Lowell, C., Nagle, M. (2018). Antibacterial activity of 80 wild plant species collected in Greene Co, Ohio. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants.
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Progress 07/25/16 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience: Area farmers - Local farming community to benefit out of the research and enhance their productivity by using alternative methods developed by this research. General Public - The medicinal property of the plants will benefit possible users. Central State Students in the areas of agriculture, biology and water resources management. Students will be benefited when they acquire the skills to conduct research and advance their careers. Extension agents. Activity that is proposed in the project will produce disease free queens for beekeepers of Ohio. Natural Resources Conservationsis . The conservation of wetland and native prairies will enhance wildlife, provide cleaner water increase their crop production by enhancement of pollination in the area. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?
Nothing Reported
What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?The preliminary data collection will be continued up till the end of the season which is November. The data will be analyzed and experimental design will be finalized. RFID tags will be tried in lab conditions during the Spring of 2017. Procurement of field gears and fabricating the traps will be done during the Spring of 2017. Intensive field data collection will be done in the PRF site and data on other two sites will be co-collected. The hiring of entomologist and the Horticulturist will be completed by April of 2017.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Research progress report for the period from 1st of October 2015 to 30th September 2016: Year 1 Objective 1: Develop novel alternative crops for the small farmer. To identify and test native and exotic medicinal herbs for cultivation as a supplementary crop for the small farmer. A list of exotic and native plant species, which are candidates for testing for their medicinal properties . Plectranthus amboinicus, Centella asiatica, Murraya koenigii Colocasia antiquorum Objective 2: Conservation of prairies and wetlands. To identify natural prairies and wetlands and develop metrics to measure and monitor the biological integrity of these areas. A preliminary data collection field design was formulated. Three sites were identified and permits to collect data from Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR), Division of Parks and Natural Areas; Ohio Historical Society; and ODNR, Division of Wildlife were obtained. Sampling sites Number of cover boards Number of Reptiles Number of Rodents Prairie Road Fen 120 179 29 Spring Valley 70 39 56 Cedar Bog 74 98 87 Conservation Initaiation to identify potential LAN owners who could give their lands for conservation of wetlands key to the preservation of wildlife and source of clan water was made. The following agencies around Prairie Road Fen, Clark County, Ohio were consulted to come up with a initial list of land owners adjacent to Prairie Road Fen was made: NRCS, US Army Corp of Engineers, DNAP, and land owners. Initial contact and efforts involve them in vole tiara activists such as invasive species removal were organized at PRF. Land owners Location of the property Area Pendeltons North of PRF 12 acres Clarxston family trust North east and east of PRF 65 acres Objective 3: Pollinator enhancement by Honey bee cultivation. To develop model apiary and establish a laboratory produce disease-resistant nuke queens - a technology developed by Purdue University - by artificial insemination. To develop more background information on disease and the need for nukes in Ohio. Preliminary networking to identify potential collaborators, stake holders, active foundations for pollinator enhancement and sustainable honey bee farming were undertaken. Initial meetings and consultations were organized. Organization Contact persons Purpose Levin family foundation 3 Small project funding and extension activity Ohio Department of Agriculture, div. of Apiary 1 Licensing and public information The Ohio State University 2 Scientific collaboration Purdue University 2 Scientific Collaboration Midwest Bee Keepers Association 2 Public contact and Apiary establishment Job descriptions for the horticulturalist/plant scientist and for entomologist were developed. The Strategic Position Reviews (SPR) through the Human Resources (HR) division for instituting these positions were completed. The search committees were formed.
Publications
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