Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/21
Outputs
Target Audience:Small grain growers in the Delta Junction area of Alaska, and publics who are concerned about Alaska food safety. Changes/Problems:Migratary birds are the major concern for the research. In the next project phase, wide protection area with barley should be planted so that they can protect bird to access to the research plots. Covid-19 has caused the shortage of skilled labors for the project, which impacted planned researchprocedure , such as field sampling, sample handling, sample process and submission etc. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?A MS graduate student was trained in crop modeling based on the research results and graduated, and a Ph.D. from Washington State University was trained and graduated from the project. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Four publications are disseminated to growers, scientist, and publics. Those include three journal papers with a leading author of graduate students, and an extension publication targeting Alaska growers. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?To prevent the bird damage, wide protection area should be planted.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The major accomplishment for the project is that we selected Ingal x Intrepid cross out from severalcrossings of northern spring wheat varieties with Ingal, the Alaska spring wheat variety. The Ingal x AC Intrepidcan reach maturity in Alaska short growing season, yet overcome the issue of seed shattering at maturity of Ingal. But the unresolved issue with the cross is the uniformity in plant height and seed size.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Econopouly, Bethany F, Bob M Van Veldhuizen, Steven R Lyon, David W Killilea, Mingchu Zhang, Stephen S Jones. 2018. Early maturing spring wheat in Nordic wildtype NAM-B1 germplasm for short-duration alternative wheat production
regions. Plant Genetic Resources. 17(4), 352-361.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Performance of Agronomic Crop Varieties in Alaska 1978-2012
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Progress 10/01/20 to 09/30/21
Outputs
Target Audience:Small grain growers, and publics who are concerned about Alaska food safety. Changes/Problems:Major problem for the research is the migratory birds in spring afterseeding and in fall before combining. If bird invaded in the plot area, sand hill cranes like to eat wheat but not other small grain crops. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Information was delivered to growers in the Harvest Wrap-Up, a growers' meeting in the Delta Junction area of Alaska on Dec. 7, 2021. Also, there are many site visitors in the Fairbanks Experiment Farm to see the experiment during the growing season. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Have the Ingal x Intrepid crossing tested for baking quality. We will continue to write a Hatch proposal for selecting a suitable spring wheat for Alaska.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The cross of Ingal and Intrepidshowed a good performance, but uniformity in plant height, kernal size is still an issue in 2021 growing season. Selection of large kernal and small kernal from the cross has been done in Palmer, but not in Fairbanks due to limited travel caused by COVID-19. The cross of Ingal and Intrepidappears overcome the issue of seed shattering in maturity of Ingal, yet can reach maturity in the interior Alaska. It can be a promised wheat variety in Alaska.
Publications
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Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20
Outputs
Target Audience:The target audiences are plant breeders both domestic and international, Alaska small grain farmers, and students who are interested in production agriculture. Changes/Problems:Birds are still very challenging. Better guardian rows of crops should be planted in 2021. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Those results are reported to farmers through various means such as emails. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Through our unit news letters. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We plan to seed those crosses again in 2021 growing seasons, hoping to have a more uniform population.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The cross of Ingal, a local Alaska early mature spring wheat with Canadian spring wheat AC Intrepid has shown a great potentials. We separatedthe cross into large and small seeds since 2015, hoping that one would stablize fast. In 2020 growing season. Both are still not stablized, and therefore, more years of testing are needed. Also, in recent years, growing season weather varied greatly. That might be part of the reason why the cross even though can reach maturity and less shattering issue than the parent Ingal, still the height of the plants are not uniformed.
Publications
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Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19
Outputs
Target Audience:Alaska and circumpolar small grain farmers.Alaska and circumpolar small grain farmers. Changes/Problems:Migratory birds are the challenges for the plots both in seeding and harvesting. Extra effort is needed to protect the plots from sabotage by birds. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Ph.D. candidate Bethany Econopouly of the Mount Vernon Research and Extension Center of Washington State University worked on this project as a part of her thesis. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The variety and breeding selection test results have been presented to local farmers at workshops sponsored by AFES and CES like the annual Harvest Wrap-Up and Sustainable Ag Conference. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continue to conduct field experiments, and make selections from breeding lines for a better adapted wheat for Alaska.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Three plant physiologic growth stages were used along with the weather data to measure crop adaptability, emergence, heading/flowering, and maturity at the Fairbanks (FBKS) and Palmer (PAL) locations. With the continuing reduction in budget and manpower allocations at the Delta Junction (DJ) location, no trials were planted in 2018- 2019. However, weather data was collected from the DJ location at it is a potential growing area. Emergence, heading/flowering, and maturity occurred on close to the long term average at both FBKS and PAL locations for all wheat varieties and breeding lines. Cooperative research with Dr. Steve Jones, director/plant breeder and Dr. Karen Hills, former graduate research assistant, Washington State University, Mount Vernon Northwestern Washington Research & Extension Center, Mount Vernon, WA, provided F2 generation hard red spring wheat crosses between the Alaska variety Ingal and early Canadian varieties AC Intrepid, CDC Bounty, and Roblin for evaluation and selection trials in 2010. The crosses were made in an attempt to have the early maturity of Ingal with the seed shatter resistance of the Canadian varieties and were compared in field trials with each of the parents every year since. The Ingal x AC Intrepid has shown the greatest potential with early maturity and high yields at all three locations. Maturity of the crosses was comparable with the parents at both locations, occurring at 1202 growing degree days (GDD) in FBKS and 1072 GDD in PAL. Yields of this cross were 3037 lbs/acre at FBKS and 420 at PAL. Yields compared with the parents Ingal were 1842 lbs/acre at FBKS and 374 at PAL and AC Intrepid were 3014 at FBKS and 493 at PAL. Part of the yield differences was due to predation by spring migratory birds after planting and the severe drought at the PAL location. Single head selections from the Ingal x AC Intrepid cross have been taken for both small and large early maturing heads were collected in starting in 2015 and planted out in in succeeding years to evaluate crop uniformity along with early maturity, lodging, and shatter resistance. Small head selections from the original cross yielded 1580 lbs/acre and large head selections yielded 2713 lbs/acre at the Fairbanks location. Maturity for both sizes of head selections was the same as for the original cross at 1202 GDD.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Econopouley, Bathany, Bob M Van Veldhuizen, Steven R Lyon, David W Killilea, Mingchu Zhang, Stephen S Jones. 2019. Early maturing spring wheat in Nordic wildtype NAM-B1 germplasm for short-duration alternative wheat producing regions. Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization. 17(4), 352-361.
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Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience:Alaska small grain growers and small grain growers in west coast area of Washington State. Changes/Problems:Migratory birds at time of seeding and harvesting continue to be a problem for a successful field experiment. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Ph.D. candidate Bethany Econopouly of Mount Vernon Research and Extension Center of Washington State University benefit from the project. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results have been reported to small grain growers in Delta Junction area of Alaska through workshop, and also presented in Alaska Sustainable Agriculture Conference in Anchorage. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will continue to conduct field experiments in Palmer and Fairbanks in Alaska to select suitable lines of hard red spring wheat for Alaska and for West coast area of Washington State.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Three plant physiologic growth stages were used along with the weather data to measure crop adaptability, emergence, heading/flowering, and maturity at the Fairbanks (FBKS) and Palmer (PAL) locations. Due to a major change in budget and manpower allocations at the Delta Junction (DJ) location, no trials were planted in 2017- 2018. However, weather data was collected from the DJ location at it is a potential growing area. Emergence, heading/flowering, and maturity occurred on close to the long term average at both FBKS and PAL locations for all wheat varieties and breeding lines. Cooperative research with Dr. Steve Jones, director/plant breeder and Dr. Karen Hills, former graduate research assistant, Washington State University, Mount Vernon Northwestern Washington Research & Extension Center, Mount Vernon, WA, provided F2 generation hard red spring wheat crosses between the Alaska variety Ingal and early Canadian varieties AC Intrepid, CDC Bounty, and Roblin for evaluation and selection trials in 2010. The crosses were made in an attempt to have the early maturity of Ingal with the seed shatter resistance of the Canadian varieties and were compared in field trials with each of the parents every year since. The Ingal x AC Intrepid has shown the greatest potential with early maturity and high yields at all three locations. Maturity of the crosses was comparable with the parents at both locations, occurring at 1257 growing degree days (GDD) in FBKS and 1289 GDD in PAL. Yields of this cross were 1163 lbs/acre at FBKS and 1949 at PAL. Yields compared with the parents Ingal were 1224 lbs/acre at FBKS and 1904 at PAL and AC Intrepid were 739 at FBKS and 1911 at PAL. Part of the yield differences was due to predation by spring migratory birds after planting. Single head selections from the Ingal x AC Intrepid cross have been taken for both and small large early maturing heads were collected in starting in 2015 and planted out in in succeeding years to evaluate crop uniformity along with early maturity, lodging, and shatter resistance. Dr. Steve Jones and Ms. Bethany Econopouly, graduate research assistant, at the Mount Vernon Research and Extension Unit of Washington State University provided 73 Nordic Germplasm hard red spring wheat lines for evaluation and testing at the Fairbanks location in 2016. Three of the best of the 73 Nordic Germplasm wheat lines, all from Finland, were selected for continued evaluation in 2018. Emergence, heading and maturity were comparable with all hard red spring wheat varieties, albeit two to three days later in maturity than the Alaska varieties Ingal and Nogal, at the FBKS (1288 vs. 1252 GGD) and PAL (1287 vs. 1274 GDD) locations. Average yields from these wheat selections were greater and test weights equal to the standard test variety. This indicates that one or more of these three selections have potential to be used in future wheat breeding with the Alaska variety Nogal in an attempt to produce a higher yielding and better adapted variety for Alaska.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Econopouly, Bethany F, Bob M Van Veldhuizen, Steven R Lyon, David W Killilea, Mingchu Zhang, Stephen S Jones. 2018 Early maturing spring wheat in Nordic wildtype NAM-B1 germplasm for short-duration alternative wheat production regions. Plant Genetic Resources.
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Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17
Outputs
Target Audience:The Alaska small grain farmers. Changes/Problems:Plot damages from migratory birds at seeding time in May and harvesting time in late August are the number 1 challenge for the success of the field experiment and selection process. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Ph.D. candidate Bethany Econopouly of Mount Vernon Research and Extension Center of Washington State University is working on this project as a part of her thesis. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results have been reported to small grain growers in Alaska through workshops What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will continue to conduct the field experiment for selcting best suitable hard red spring wheat for Alaska
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Field experiment with spring wheat from Ingal x CDC Boundy, Ingal x Roblin and Ingal x AC Intrepid, and 73 lines of Nordic wheat were conducted in Fairbanks (FBKS). There were three replicates for each of the tested varieties. In addition, parent of the crosses were included in the experiment, they were Ingal, CDC Boundy, Roblin, and ACIntrepid.Seeds were seeded in May and harvested in late August of 2017. During the growing season,physiolical stages of emergency, heading and maturity were recordedalong with the temperature and precipication data. The growing degree days were calculated for each physiological stage. Due to a major change in budget, and manpower allocations in 2017, no field trail was conducted in Delta Junction (DJ) location. However, weather information for DJ and Palmer (PAL), the potential area for growing spring wheat were collected. The 2017 growing season was warmer than the long term average for all three locations and except for the DJ location, also wetter. By the end of May, DJ was 25 growing degree days (GDD) higher and 0.3 inches of precipitation lower, FBKS was 18 GDD higher and 0.4 in higher and PAL was 79 GDD lower and 0.3 in higher. At the end of June DJ was 83 GDD higher and 0.9 in lower, FBKS 76 GDD higher and 0.5 in higher and PAL 5 GDD lower and 0.4 in higher. At the end of July DJ was 177 GDD higher and 1.3 in lower, FBKS 196 GDD higher and 1.1 in higher and PAL 25 GDD higher and 1.5 in higher. At the end of the season in August DJ was 242 GDD higher and 1.8 in lower, FBKS 276 GDD higher and 1.4 in higher and PAL 26 GDD higher and 1.3 in higher. Three plant physiologic growth stages were used along with the weather data to measure crop adaptability, emergence, heading/flowering, and maturity. Emergence, heading/flowering, and maturity occurred on close to the long term average at both FBKS and PAL locations for all crops. Maturity for the 73 Nordic Germplasm wheat lines was later by one to two days. This was an important indicator of the potential lack of adaptability. Average yields from these wheat selections were greater and test weights equal to the standard test variety. The wheat breeding selections from Washington State University used the Alaska variety 'Ingal' as one of the parents. These selections fared much better with maturity and yields very similar to the standard variety, with the 'Ingal' x AC 'Intrepid' showing a greater potential.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Performance of Agronomic Crop Varieties in Alaska 1978-2012
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