Progress 04/01/16 to 09/30/20
Outputs
Target Audience:Presentations of research results were made to Western Sugar growers, and Wyoming dry bean commission. Results were presented in the University of Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Research Bulletins at the annual field days. Audiences at these field days included regional producers, Ag chemical industry reps, researchers, and extension personnel. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Six of these field trials have been published in the Plant Disease Management Reports. Research results have been presented orally and in a written report to Western Sugar, Rocky Mountain/High Plains Research Consortium and the Wyoming Dry Bean Council. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
A total of 31 field studies were conducted during the duration of this project (2016-2020). Many of the studies had common research topics or were repetitions of the same study over time. In these studies we tested new generation fungicides, biofungicides, three generic fungicides, and five experimental compounds. For this report the findings from these major research topics of the studies will be presented individually for organization and brevity. Management of Rhizoctonia root and crown rot (RRCR) of sugar beet with foliar fungicides Four field studies representing two Wyoming sites and two years (2016-17), were conducted as part of a Master's student's project. These field studieslooked at the management of Rhizoctonia root and crown rot disease in sugar beet with a fungicide-glyphosate tank-mix to improve farm efficiency. Co-applications of herbicide and fungicide have the potential to save growers time and money in application efforts. A generic azoxystrobin, Satori was compared to Quadris in the 2017 studies. Management of Rhizoctonia root and crown rot of sugar beet with in-furrow fungicides Five field studies were conducted (2016-20) investigating fungicides applied in-furrow for the management of Rhizoctonia root and crown rot.Fungicides tested included new generation fungicides including Velum Prime, Proline, Propulse, Quadris, and the biological fungicides Serenade Soil, Serenade ASO, and a numbered compound. Some of the in-furrow treatments also included a second application of a foliar fungicide applied in a band. Management of Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) in sugar beet with foliar fungicides Four field studies were conducted in 2017, 2019 and 2020. Three of the studies were fungicide efficacy trials which evaluated new generation fungicides such as; Proline, Propulse, Delaro, Provysol, the Biofungicides (Bacillusspp) Serenade ASO, Sonata ASO, and a numbered compound. Additionally, the generic fungicide mixture Minerva Duo was included. Many of these treatments are partnered with older generation fungicides as part of current fungicide resistance guidelines. In 2020, a Master's student's project was initiated looking at novel earlier than normal application times for Cercospora leaf spot management. Since disease detection relies on environmental models and row closure there is some evidence that disease is initiated earlier than previously thought and thus early treatments may have some merit. Management of soil borne root diseases of dry bean with in-furrow fungicides Five field studies investigating fungicide efficacy for soil-borne diseases in dry beans were conducted (2016-20). Soil-borne dry bean diseases such as Rhizoctonia and Fusarium root rot are common issues in dry bean production with disease severity dependent on environmental conditions, variety, cropping history, and other factors. Growers in the past have had limited options addressing these issues, but new-generation fungicides and in-furrow placement have shown promise in reducing these disease impacts. Fungicides tested included new generation fungicides including Delaro, Priaxor, Velum Prime, Propulse, and the biofungicide products of Serenade ASO and a numbered compound. In addition to these studies, four field studies representing two Wyoming sites and two years (2017-18), were conducted as part of a Master's student's project. The objectives of these studies were to evaluate an integrated management approach on managing soil-borne disease by combining different tillage options, locally adapted cultivars, and in-furrow fungicides. These products were applied at planting in-furrow representing a novel approach to managing soil borne diseases of dry beans.Generic fungicides tested in 2020 included Satori (azoxystrobin). Management of potato early blight with foliar fungicides A total of three field studies were conducted in 2017 and 2019 investigating foliar fungicide treatment programs to manage potato early blight, a very common foliar disease of potato and present in most potato production areas. New generation fungicides included Luna Tranquility, Scala 60, Propulse, biofungicide Serenade ASO, and the generic fungicide Echo ZN. An additional study investigated the use of Vellum Prime, a nematicide but it has fungicidal activity.Foliar fungicides are the primary means of early blight management on potato in the United States. However, fluropyram the active ingredient in Vellum Prime, has shown to have activity on early blight when applied in-furrow at planting for nematode management. Fluorpyram has fungicidal as well as nematicidal activity and Vellum Prime is marketed as a nematicide/fungicide. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of an in-furrow application of Vellum prime at planting (which a grower may make for nematode management) with and without additional foliar fungicides on early blight development and yield for potato. Management of potato soil borne diseases (early dying syndrome, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium) A total of five studies were conducted investigating seed treatments and in-furrow fungicide treatments for management of common soil borne diseases of potato. Fungicides explored included new generation products like Vellum Prime, Luna Tranquility, and biologicals such as Serenade ASO, and a numbered compounds.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Stump, W.L. and W. Cecil. 2020. Management of root diseases of dry beans with in-furrow fungicides, 2018. Plant Disease Management Reports No. 14:CF081. Online publication. DOI:10.1094/PDMR14
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Stump, W.L. and W. Cecil. 2019. Early blight management in Wyoming with fungicide programs, 2017. Plant Disease Management Reports No. 13:V007. Online publication. DOI:10.1094/PDMR13
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Stump, W.L. and W. Cecil. 2019. Management of Rhizoctonia root and crown rot with in-furrow plus foliar banded fungicides, 2017. Plant Disease Management Reports No. 13:CF075. Online publication. DOI:10.1094/PDMR13
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Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19
Outputs
Target Audience:Presentations of research results were made to Western Sugar growers, and Wyoming dry bean commission. Results were presented in the Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station Field Days Bulletin and at the annual field days. Audiences at these field days included regional producers, Ag chemical industry reps, researchers, and extension personnel. Changes/Problems:For the second year in a row we have had destructive hail events at the Lingle research site. Final yields were no doubt affected. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?A masters' student project was within the goals of this project. The student has finished two years of research and now has only to write it up. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Fungicide efficacy trials have been published in the Plant Disease Management Reports. Research results presented orally and in a written report to Western Sugar, Rocky Mountain/High Plains Research Consortium and the Wyoming Dry Bean Council. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?A new graduate student project will investigate early fungicide timings for the management of Cercospora leaf spot in sugar beet in 2020. New fungicide efficacy trials are in the initial planning phases for the 2020 crop production season.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Six field studies investigating fungicide efficacy for soil-borne and foliar diseases in sugar beets, dry beans, and potatoes were conducted. Fungicides tested included new generation fungicides including Delaro, Revysol, Priaxor, Velum Prime, Propulse, and Luna Tranquility, and biofungicides Serenade ASO and a numbered product. Generic fungicides tested in 2019 included Echo Zn and Minerva Duo. A total of five field studies (two sugar beet, two potato and one dry bean) were placed near Lingle, WY (South East WY) and an additional dry bean study was near Powell, WY (North central WY). These locations represent the High Plains production area as well as the two predominant row crop production regions of Wyoming. A potato, sugar beet and three dry bean studies included in-furrow treatments in combination +/- a foliar band. Additionally, there was a potato and sugar beet foliar treatments only study. Result highlights: All in-furrow and in-furrow plus a foliar band fungicide treatments reduced Rhizoctonia root and crown rot disease, as measured by canopy cover loss, on average 77% compared to the inoculated non-treated check. There were no differences in efficacy between fungicides between in-furrow or in-furrow plus foliar band. When Serenade ASO was followed by a foliar band of Priaxor, this treatment was just as effective in suppressing RRCR disease as the Priaxor foliar-banded only treatment. Because of this, there was no evidence of benefit of the in-furrow application of Serenade ASO. In the management of the foliar disease Cercospora leaf spot with foliar fungicides trial, results demonstrated that the new fungicide Revysol, was as effective in reducing Cercospora disease as other conventional fungicide spray programs. The generic Minerva Duo, though not directly compared to its name brand fungicide components, was also equally effective in reducing disease pressure throughout the season compared to the other fungicide programs. A potato trial was conducted that investigated in-furrow applications of Velum Prime (which has nematicide and fungicide activity) alone and in combination with a biological fungicide, and with foliar applications of an additional nematicide or a fungicide to manage potato early dying syndrome (PED). PED is a disease complex attributed to soil-borne vascular diseases and nematodes. By early September, treatments had no effect on the minimal early dying disease that was present in the plots. A potato trial was conducted to evaluate five foliar fungicide programs for potato early blight management. Three treatment programs were initiated with Luna Tranquility then alternated with Scala plus the generic fungicide Echo Zn. Serenade ASO, the biological fungicide, was substituted for a conventional fungicide in one treatment program resulting in no loss of effectiveness compared to other fungicide programs. All treatments were equally effective in reducing disease by 90% compared to the non-treated inoculated check. This was the second study year of an integrated approach of in-furrow fungicides, cultivars and soil compaction mitigation practices for the management of soil-borne diseases in dry bean at two sites. 2018 Results indicated that disease severity was reduced (8%) with fungicide application at one of the two research sites. In 2019 there was no fungicide effect on disease. For both years, cultivars varied in response to disease severity at both sites. Tillage had no effect on disease severity at either site both years. An additional study investigating in-furrow fungicides on dry bean soil-borne disease management was conducted. New generation fungicides Propulse, Velum Prime, Proline, Priaxor, and Quadris significantly reduced root disease severity on average 20% compared to the inoculated check at seasons end. The biofungicide Serenade ASO had no effect on disease suppression by itself. Despite disease reductions, yields were not affected.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
W.L. Stump and M. Wallhead. Management of Rhizoctonia Root and Crown Rot with single fungicide applications at planting under a sugar beet replant scenario.
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Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience:Presentations of research results were made to Western Sugar growers and the Wyoming dry bean commission. Results were presented in the University of Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Research Bulletins and at the annual field days. Audiences at these field days included regional producers, Ag chemical industry reps, researchers, and extension personnel. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Fungicide efficacy trials have been published in the Plant Disease Management Reports. Research results presented orally and in a written report to Western Sugar, Rocky Mountain/High Plains Research Consortium and the Wyoming Dry Bean Council. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?The graduate student project investigating an integrated approach of cultivars, tillage and in-furrow fungicides for soil-borne disease management in dry beans will continue in 2019. New fungicide efficacy trials are in the initial planning phases for the 2019 crop production season.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Several field studies looking at fungicide efficacy for soil-borne and foliar diseases in sugar beets, dry beans, and potatoes were conducted. Fungicides tested included new generation fungicides including Priaxor, Velum Prime, Propulse, and Luna Tranquility, and biofungicides Serenade ASO and a numbered product. No generic fungicides were tested in 2018. One dry bean study was placed near Powell, WY (North central WY) and another two sugar beet, one potato and two dry bean studies were placed near Lingle, WY (South East WY) representing the High Plains production area as well as the two main row crop production regions of Wyoming. Four of the potato, dry bean, and sugar beet studies included in-furrow treatments, and one with foliar treatments. Result highlights: An in-furrow fungicide in conjunction with subsequent foliar band applications trial was conducted targeting Rhizoctonia root and crown rot (RRCR) disease in sugar beet. Best RRCR disease suppression occurred with in-furrow plus a sequential foliar band application compared to in-furrow fungicide only. Biofungicide products containing the bacterium Bacillus subtilis were not effective on RRCR suppression under the conditions of this study. In the management of the foliar disease Cercospora leaf spot with foliar fungicides trial, results demonstrated that a biological fungicide (Serenade ASO) can be successfully substituted for a conventional fungicide in a spray program and still provide statistically equivalent disease suppression to an all conventional spray program. A potato trial was conducted that investigated a fungicide seed treatment alone, fungicide seed treatment plus an in-furrow nematicide, and a fungicide seed treatment plus an in-furrow nematicide, with two additional foliar fungicides to manage potato early dying syndrome (PED). PED is a disease complex attributed to soil-borne vascular diseases and nematodes. By late August, treatments had no effect on the minimal early dying disease that was present in the plots. The plots were completely defoliated by hail shortly after this, effectively ending the study. An integrated approach of in-furrow fungicides, cultivars and soil compaction mitigation practices were investigated at two sites for the management of soil-borne diseases in dry bean. Results indicated that disease severity was reduced (8%) with fungicide application at one of the two research sites and cultivars varied in response to disease severity at both sites. Tillage had no effect on disease severity at either site. An additional study investigating in-furrow fungicides on dry bean soil-borne disease management was conducted. New generation fungicides Propulse, Velum Prime, Proline and Priaxor significantly reduced root disease severity 18-28% compared to the inoculated check at seasons end. The strobilurin class fungicides Quadris and Headline as well as the biofungicide Serenade ASO had no effect on disease suppression. Despite disease reductions, yields were not affected.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Stump, W.L. and M. Wallhead. 2017. A Comparison of Foliar-Banded Fungicides Treatments for the Management of Rhizoctonia Root and Crown Rot of Sugar Beet, 2016. Plant Disease Management Reports No. 11:FC102. Online publication. DOI:10.1094/PDMR11
- Type:
Other
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Stump, W.L. and M. Wallhead. 2017. Foliar fungicide effect on early blight severity and yield of potato in Wyoming, 2015. Plant Disease Management Reports No. 11:V120. Online publication. DOI:10.1094/PDMR11
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Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17
Outputs
Target Audience:Presentations of research results were made to Area III Colorado Potato growers, Western Sugar growers, and Wyoming dry bean commission. Additionally, posters were presented at two University of Wyoming Experiment Station field days in the summer of 2017, presenting research results. Audiences at these field days included regional producers, Ag chemical industry reps, researchers, and extension personnel. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Fungicide efficacy trials have been published in the Plant Disease Management Reports. Research results presented orally and in a written report to Western Sugar, Wyoming Dry Bean Council and the Colorado Area III Potato Administrative Committee. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?A new graduate student project investigating an integrated approach of cultivars, tillage and in-furrow fungicides for soil-borne disease management in dry beans. New fungicide efficacy trials are in the initial planning phases for the 2018 crop production season.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Several field studies looking at fungicide efficacy for soil-borne and foliar diseases in sugar beets, dry beans, small grains and potatoes were conducted. Fungicides tested included new generation and generic fungicides. One sugar beet study was placed near Powell, WY (North central WY) and another four sugar beet, three potato, one winter wheat, and one dry bean studies were placed near Lingle, WY (Southeast WY) representing the High Plains production area as well as the two main row crop production regions of Wyoming. Two of the potato studies included in-furrow treatments, and one with foliar treatments. Result highlights: Two of the sugar beet trials (located at both research sites) looked at the management of Rhizoctonia root and crown rot disease in sugar beet with a fungicide-glyphosate tank-mix to improve farm efficiency. This was the second year for this research. Results indicate that co-applying (tank mixing) fungicide with glyphosate had no issues of pesticide efficiency or crop injury when compared to applying these products separately. In this years study, a generic azoxystrobin fungicide (Satori) treatment was added and was compared with Quadris the original formulation of Azoxystrobin. No difference in overall fungicide efficacy was found. Research is still ongoing but indicates growers can safely apply these products together thereby reducing trips across the field which improves farm efficiency. An in-furrow fungicide in conjunction with subsequent foliar band applications trial was conducted targeting Rhizoctonia root and crown rot (RRCR) in sugar beet. Best RRCR disease suppression occurred with in-furrow plus a sequential foliar band application compared to in-furrow fungicide only. Biofungicide products containing the bacterium Bacillus subtilis were not effective on RRCR suppression under the conditions of this study. Biofungicides (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, and Paenibacillus spp.) were evaluated in a foliar Cercospora management study. These products were co-applied with the fungicide Proline (prothioconazole) and compared to Proline alone. All treatments provided statistically equivalent control of Cercospora leaf spot, therefore there was no evidence the addition of the biofungicide improved control. Vellum Prime (fluopyram) is a relatively new and novel product that has fungicidal as well as nematicidal activity. In a sugar beet cyst nematode trial, Vellum Prime applied in-furrow with supplemental foliar band treatments of traditional nematicides was compared to the traditional nematicide without Vellum Prime. Nematode cyst numbers at the end of August were on average 64% less when compared to the check and other treatments. However, with subsequent disease ratings and yields, there were no differences between the treatments and the check. A foliar fungicide trial targeting early blight of potato was conducted. One treatment included Serenade ASO, a biofungicide in the fungicide program. It was compared to a similar treatment program that only differed by substituting the biofungicide with a traditional fungicide. Results indicated disease suppression was similar between the two treatments, meaning that the biofungicide was an acceptable substitute in the spray program. In a novel approach, the application of in-furrow fungicides were investigated on potato early dying syndrome (PED). Many of the chemistries tested were bio-fungicides. Results indicated many of these biofungicides were significantly effective in reducing the early season effects of PED compared to the non-treated check. By season end, all treatments were similar. In-furrow fungicides were also investigated in the management of soil-borne diseases in dry beans. Several conventional fungicides along with a biofungicide were investigated. All fungicide treatments except the biofungicide, improved vigor, reduced disease incidence and severity compared to the inoculated check. A fungicide timing trial for wheat stripe rust management was conducted looking at early fungicide treatments (which coincided with a final herbicide application) compared to the more traditional later season timing at tillering. Results indicated, under moderate disease pressure, both fungicide timings resulted in reduced disease and increased disease. However, the later tillering application was superior in disease suppression than the earlier application timing.
Publications
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Progress 04/01/16 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:A poster was presented at two University of Wyoming Experiment station field days in the summer of 2016, outlining the current field reseasrch projects. Audiences at these field days included regional producers, chemical industry reps and researchers and extension personnel. Changes/Problems:It should be noted that on July 27 all plots at the Lingle site were severly damaged due to a hail storm. The trials focusing on foliar disease (one potato and one bean trial) were abandoned with no significant data recorded. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?One master's student was trained in lab and field techniques including inoculating plant disease research plots. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?
Nothing Reported
What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Data for efficacy trials will be analyzed and final reports written in December 2016. Reports will be presented at granting agency research meetings scheduled for Late 2016 and early 2017. Results will be disseminated to Colorado Area III Potato growers, Wyoming Bean Commission, and Western Sugar Cooperative. Second year field study and data collection will be conducted for on-going project for management of Rhizoctonia root and crown rot disease in sugar beet with a fungicide-glyphosate tank-mix to improve farm efficiency.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Several field studies were initiated looking at fungicide efficacy for soil-borne and foliar diseases in sugar beets, dry beans and potatoes. Fungicides tested included new generation and generic fungicides. One sugar beet study was placed near Powell, WY (northcentral WY) and another two sugar beet, three potato and two dry bean studies were placed near Lingle, WY (southeast WY) representing the High Plains production area as well as the two main row crop production regions of Wyoming. Two of the potato studies included seed treatments as well as in-furrow treatments. An additional sugar beet trial (located at both research sites) looked at the management of Rhizoctonia root and crown rot disease in sugar beet with a fungicide-glyphosate tank-mix to improve farm efficiency. As of this reporting period data for these studies are being compiled and analyzed. It should be noted that on July 27 all plots at the Lingle site were severly damaged due to a hail storm. The trials focusing on foliar disease (one potato and one bean trial) were abandoned with no significant data recorded.
Publications
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