Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17
Outputs Target Audience:The primary target audience for the project is small fruit growers, nursery owners, extension personnel and private consultants in Michigan and the Great Lakes region. In addition, the project reaches small fruit growers and other stakeholders throughout the United states and the world. Furthermore, undergraduate and graduate students are being educated in small fruit disease diagnosis and management as part of this project. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The project provided training opportunities for one graduate student (Master's degree) and four undergraduate students in research and analysis techniques. A technician received training in Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction techniques at the Foundation Plant Services facility at University of California-Davis. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been disseminated to communities of interest via oral and poster presentations at extension and scientific meetings, extension newsletters and grower meetings.Information has also been disseminated verbally directly to growers and consultants, in the form of disease diagnosis and disease management recommendations. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
Improve diagnosis of diseases and assessment of losses on small fruit crops During late summer of 2016, 438 composite grape leaf samples were taken from over 100 wine grape vineyards in mid, southwest and northwest Michigan representing 55 different growers. . In most cases, each vineyard was represented by four samples from four randomly selected rows. Testing was conducted on each sample using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at the Foundation Plant Services facility on the UC Davis campus. Each sample was tested for 28 different viral or phytoplasma pathogens. A large number of samples (85%) tested positive for Grape rupestris stem pitting virus (GRSPaV). Other commonly found pathogens were Grape leafroll associated virus (GLRaV) 28% (any strain), Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV) 17%, Grapevine virus A (GVA) 11% and Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) 12%. In all, only 45 of the 438 samples (10%) were totally negative for the tested pathogens. Since growers often attribute virus symptoms to "fall color" or nutrient deficiencies, the results of this survey confirm the results of other preliminary surveys that a high percentage of wine grapevines in Michigan are infected with virus. Further studies on the effects of each virus on fruit quality and yield are needed next. 2. Elucidate the biology and population characteristics of small fruit pathogens Symptomatic blueberry canes and twigs were collected form 26 fields (9 total cultivar) showing cane dieback. Fungal isolations were made and sequencing conducted on the ITS regions. Two species of Phomopsis were found: Phomopsis vaccinii and Phomopsis eres. The DNA from each species was amplified for the elongation factor (EF1) and Tubulin (ß-TUB) regions and phylogenetic trees were constructed and confirmed that the two species of Phomopsis were distinct. Experiments to determine if the two species differ in pathogenicity are underway. Other cane pathogens found in the symptomatic tissue included Neofusicoccum spp., Alternaria spp., Pestalotia spp., and Aereobasidium spp. 3. Study the effects of environmental factors and fungicides on small fruit pathogens Rain water spore bottles were placed in three phomopsis infected vineyards that also had a MAWN weather station located nearby. Bottles were changed out every week throughout the growing season of 2017. We are in the process of evaluating how the level of phomopsis spores changes during the season and how that correlates with weather conditions. This data will be used to determine if a phomopsis prediction model from Ohio will work for Michigan conditions. If so, a model will be loaded onto the MAWN website for growers to use to predict disease outbreaks. This will enable growers to time, and also reduce, their applications of fungicide. A greenhouse experiment is planned for this fall to determine the forward and backward action of four fungicides against phomopsis infection. The results of this experiment will provide some recommendations for growers on what fungicides to apply when using the model. In support of sustainable agriculture, a field trial is underway to evaluate the effectiveness of four biocontrol agents and two organic (sulfur and copper) treatments on their effect to inactivating overwintering inoculum in grapevines. Additionally, a project to evaluate the effectiveness of removal of leaf litter in reducing powdery mildew and downy mildew infections is under way. 4. Evaluate the efficacy of integrated disease management methods Fungicide efficacy trials were conducted for disease control in grapes, blueberries, raspberries and strawberries to evaluate new fungicide products as well as biological control agents and reduced-risk fungicides. Most products and fungicide programs showed good disease control efficacy. Trials from a USDA-NIFA grant are underway to determine the efficacy of biofumigation with mustard seed meal, and fresh plant material: mustard (two varieties), sudangrass (two varieties), and oilseed radish (two varieties). Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) trials are also underway using rice bran, sugar beet pulp, dried alfalfa, corn silage, hay and cull-potato ferment against plant parasitic nematodes. Seven varieties of virus-free blueberry plants (Bluecrop, Duke, Liberty, Bluegold, Huron, Draper, and Aurora) have been planted into a field with high levels of tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) and the Xiphimema nematode, a plant-parasitic nematode and the TRSV vector. The blueberry plants will be tested over the next 3 years for the presence of TRSV to assess each variety's level of resistance to nematodes and TRSV. Two similar fields are planned to test a variety of allegedly resistant rootstocks used in grapes and peaches for resistance to nematodes and TRSV infection.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
McArt, S.H., Miles, T. D., Rodriguez-Saona, C., Schilder A., Adler, L.S., Brieshop M.J. 2016. Floral Scent Mimicry and Vector-Pathogen Associations in a Pseudoflower-Inducing Plant Pathogen System. Plos One. 11: e0165761.doi:10.137 1/journal.pone.0165761.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Arango, J., Rubino, M., Auras, R., Gillett, J., Schilder, A., Grzesiak, A.L. 2016. Evaluation of chlorine dioxide as an antimicrobial against Botrytis cinerea in California strawberries . Food Packaging and Shelf Line 9: 45-54.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Fitzgerald, K., Gillett, J., Schilder, A. 2016. Fungicide sensitivity of Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi in highbush blueberries in Michigan. Phytopathology 106: S72.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Kotamraju, G., Sysak, R., Gillett, J., Schilder S. 2016.Utility of compost tea for disease management in grapes. Phytopathology 106: S79
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Yamagata, J., Warneke, B., Neill, T., Mahaffee, W.,Miles, L., Schilder, A. 2016. Detection of Erysiphe necator fungicide-resistant alleles in leaf and air samples using novel molecular diagnostic techniques. Phytopathology 106: S111.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Dabbah, G., Schilder, A. 2016. Field observations of ascospore discharge of Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi in northern highbush blueberries. Phytopathology 106: S132.
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Progress 03/01/16 to 09/30/16
Outputs Target Audience:The primary target audience for the project is small fruit growers, nursery owners, extension personnel and private consultants in Michigan and the Great Lakes region. in addition, the project reaches small fruit growers and other stakeholders throughout the United states and the world. Furthermore, undergraduate and graduate students are being educated in small fruit disease diagnosis and management as part of this project. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The project provided training opportunities for one graduate student (Master's degree)and two undergraduate students in research and statistical analysis techniques. Atechnician improved her skills in quantitativePCR methods via a specialized training course. The PI improved her skills in statistical analysis by participating inshort statistical analysis courses. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been disseminated to communities of interest via oral and posterpresentations at extension and scientific meetings, refereed journal articles andbooks/bookchapters, extension newsletters, and pages on crop-specific university websites. Information has also been disseminated verbally directly to growers and consultants, in the form ordisease diagnoses and disease management commendations. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We plan to continue trials as set out in the project plan.
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
A better understanding of the identity and biology of small fruit pathogens is helping growers use the most appropriate fungicides and optimize fungicide timing for disease control. Growers are using more environmentally friendly fungicides and more growers are starting to grow fruit in a sustainable manner.Research on dormant sprays has led to adoption of dormant spraysby many small fruit growers in Michigan and the region.Studies on the environmental requirements for infection are forming the basis for disease-forecasting models that predict infection periods for small fruit diseases. This is anticipated to result in improved disease control and a concomitant reduction in fungicide applications. Efficacy testing of reduced-risk fungicides, biological control products, natural products, and inorganic substances has led to a diversification of disease control options and reduced the dependency ofgrowers on conventional fungicides.Information on fungicide resistance is helping growers choose more effective fungicides and implement fungicide resistance management techniques.Our research on virus diseases in grapes,blueberries and raspberries has increased awareness of virus problems in small fruit crops, resulting in changes in management practices, such as increased use of certified virus-tested plant material. Our research also feeds information into the Berry Clean Plant Network which has been established to produce virus-free foundation stock to nurseries. Results from this project are expected to have environmental, worker, and consumer benefits by reducing chemical use in fruit production. The project helps to maintain short-term and long-term viability of small fruit production in the United States. 1) Improve diagnosis of diseases and assessment of losses on small fruit crops We have run surveys for blueberry, grape and raspberry viruses and have discovered several new aphid-transmittedviruses in raspberry that have not been detected in Michigan before. In addition, Tomato ringspot virus and Raspberry bushy dwarf virus appear to be the most common causes of crumbly fruit and plant decline in Michigan.Leafroll viruses (particularly GLRaV-3) and the grapemealybugvector were found to becommon in vineyards in Michigan, particularly in the southwestern part of the state. A loss assessment was done for Phomopsis twig blight simulated by removal of different percentages of flowers at bloom in blueberries. There appeared to be a considerable amount of compensation for flower lossin Bluecrop and Jersey and a little less so in Liberty blueberries. Novel berry crops like saskatoonberries (juneberries) and haskaps (honeyberries) are being evaluated for diseases as it is not known what diseases would attack them when grown in a new area. Phytophthora root rot was diagnosed in Saskatoonberries due to heavy mulching. Due to the hot dry summer, most other problems were insect related. A problem with Saskatoonberries dying in another sites was determined to be due to trunkfreeze injury. We continue to observe the plants for diseases through the fall. 2) Elucidate the biology and population characteristics of small fruit pathogens We evaluated genetic diversity in Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi from blueberryat the species level and found that Michigan isolates were very similar to each other. However, there were no good ITS sequences available in Genbank to confirm the species identification, which is still in progress in collaboration with Cornell University who have type specimens of the fungus. We also looked at species-level diversity in Colletotrichum from blueberry - so far all isolates are in the C. acutatum sensu lato complexand matched C. fioriniae. Genetic diversity was assessed in Grapevine virus E isolates from Michiganby Dr. Naidu RayapatiofWashington State University. GVE isolates from one vineyard were unique to Michigan and different from any other known isolates of GVE. 3) Effects of environmental factors and fungicides on small fruit pathogens. We evaluated the effects of environmental variables on ascospore release by M. vaccinii-corymbosi. Temperature and RH had significant effects on spore release with higher temperatures and lower RH being correlated with higher aerial ascospore concentration. Apothecial cup diameter was also positively correlated withaerial ascospore concentration.Fungicide sensitivity in M. vaccinii-corymbosito severaltriazoles (fenbuconazole, metconazole and prothioconazole)(FRAC group 3) and penthiopyrad (FRAC group 7) wasdetermined. There was noevidence for fungicide resistance in M.vaccinii-corymbosi, although a slight shift to reduced sensivity was detected in fields with a history of morefungicide applications.Colletotrichum fioriniae isolates from blueberry were also evaluated and some showedreducedsensitivity to strobilurin (QoI) fungicides, which have been widely used in blueberries for the past 15 years. This reconfirms the need for continued vigilance regardingfungicide resistance management.Pre- and post-infection activity of selected fungicides against Phomopsis vaccinii were evaluated and results are currently being analyzed. The Phomopsis twig blight incubation period is 5-7 days.Research was conducted in tunnel-grown raspberries to determine the effect of different plastics (UV- blocking, UV-transparent) on fungal spore survival of Colletotrichum fioriniae and Botrytis cinerea as well as persistence of fungicides used for small fruit disease control (captan, elevate, pyraclostrobin, boscalid, myclobutanil, cyprodinil and fludioxonil). Preliminary results indicateincreased spore survival and higher fungicide residue retentionunderUV-blocking plastic. 4) Evaluate the efficacy of integrated disease management methods Fungicideefficacy trials were conducted for disease control in grapes, blueberries and strawberries to evaluate new fungicide productsas well as biological control agents, compost teasand reduced-riskfungicides. Compost teas were also tested in organic apples and greenhouse tomatoes.Most products and fungicide programsshowed good disease control efficacy. Compost teas showed efficacy against powdery mildew and black rot but not much against downy mildew, due to high disease pressure in late summer. We are in the process of identifying the active ingredientsthat provide disease suppression in compost teas as well as studyingsurvival of compost tea bacteria on leaf surfaces. We also determined the effect of different types ofcompost tea drenches on oat and bean growth, soil pH and nutrients and soil enzymes. In a past trial, compost teamade from Dairy Doo compost increased K and P content of the soilsignificantly as well as slightly increasing the pH. Trials areunderway to determine the efficacy of biofumigation with mustard seed meal and anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) with rice bran against dagger nematodes in raspberries and black root rot in strawberries. In anintegrated pest management project in grapes, diseases were rated throughout the season, and IPM pesticide programs compared to conventional programs. Both programs performed equally well for disease control. Disease pressure was light during most of the season but increased in late summer due to heavy rains and high relative humidityin August and early September. Downy mildew infection led to significant defoliation of vines in some vineyards.
Publications
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., Ramsdell, D. C., and Polashock, J. 2016. Shoestring. Chapter in: Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Insects, 2nd ed. J. Polashock, F. Caruso, A. Averill, and A. Schilder, editors. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., and Cline, W. O. 2016. Cylindrocladium rot. Chapter in: Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Insects, 2nd ed. J. Polashock, F. Caruso, A. Averill, and A. Schilder, editors. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Ramsdell, D. C., and Schilder, A. M. C. 2016. Peach rosette mosaic. Chapter in: Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Insects, 2nd ed. J. Polashock, F. Caruso, A. Averill, and A. Schilder, editors. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., Milholland, R. D., and Stretch, A. W. 2016. Powdery mildew. Chapter in: Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Insects, 2nd ed. J. Polashock, F. Caruso, A. Averill, and A. Schilder, editors. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Milholland, R. D. and Schilder, A. M. C. 2016. Botryosphaeria stem canker. Chapter in: Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Insects, 2nd ed. J. Polashock, F. Caruso, A. Averill, and A. Schilder, editors. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., and Ramsdell, D. C. 2016. Leaf mottle. Chapter in: Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Insects, 2nd ed. J. Polashock, F. Caruso, A. Averill, and A. Schilder, editors. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., and Ramsdell, D. C. 2016. Phomopsis canker. Chapter in: Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Insects, 2nd ed. J. Polashock, F. Caruso, A. Averill, and A. Schilder, editors. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., and Bristow, P. R. 2016. Red leaf. Chapter in: Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Insects, 2nd ed. J. Polashock, F. Caruso, A. Averill, and A. Schilder, editors. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., Gillett, J. M., and Sysak, R. W. 2016. Evaluation of fungicide programs for control of sour rot and powdery mildew in grapes, 2015. Plant Disease Management Reports 10:SMF041.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., Gillett, J. M., and Sysak, R. W. 2016. Evaluation of fungicides for control of fruit rot diseases in matted-row strawberry, 2015. Plant Disease Management Reports 10:SMF042.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., Gillett, J. M., and Sysak, R. W. 2016. Evaluation of fungicides for control of Botrytis gray mold in red raspberries, 2015. Plant Disease Management Reports 10:SMF043.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., Gillett, J. M., and Sysak, R. W. 2016. Evaluation of phosphites alone and in programs for control of foliar and fruit diseases in juice grapes, 2015. Plant Disease Management Reports 10:SMF044.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., Gillett, J. M., and Sysak, R. W. 2016. Evaluating fungicides for control of mummy berry and post-harvest anthracnose fruit rot in blueberries, 2015. Plant Disease Management Reports 10:SMF009.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., Gillett, J. M., and Sysak, R. W. 2016. Evaluation of fungicides for control of Botrytis bunch rot and powdery mildew, 2015. Plant Disease Management Reports 10:SMF011.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., Gillett, J. M., and Sysak, R. W. 2016. Evaluating fungicides for control of post-harvest fruit rots in blueberries, 2015. Plant Disease Management Reports 10:SMF012.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., Gillett, J. M., and Sysak, R. W. 2016. Evaluation of systemic fungicide programs for control of powdery mildew, 2015. Plant Disease Management Reports 10:SMF013.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A., R., Gillett, J., Sysak, R., and Miles, T. 2016. Sustainable approaches to blueberry disease management in Michigan. 11th International Vaccinium Symposium, Orlando, FL, 10-14 Apr, 2016 (poster).
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Percival, D., Guo, L., Harris, L., Schilder, A., Prithiviraj, B., and Olson, A. R. 2016. Integration of laboratory fungicide sensitivity analysis into Monilinia blight management technologies for wild blueberry production. 11th International Vaccinium Symposium, Orlando, FL, 10-14 Apr, 2016 (poster).
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Martinson, T., Fuchs, M., Puckett, J., Kelly, M., Schilder, A., Burr, T. and Nita, M. 2016. Clean plants for the future of the Eastern wine and grape industry. Research Focus article in Appellation Cornell http://grapesandwine.cals.cornell.edu/newsletters/appellation-cornell.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., Gillett, J. M., and Sysak, R. W. 2016. Evaluation of fungicides for control of disease in Vignoles grapes, 2015. Plant Disease Management Reports 10:SMF014.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Elsner, E., Schilder, A., and Isaacs, R. 2016. Saskatoonberry Pesticide Recommendations for Michigan. Michigan State University Extension, 10 pp (pdf).
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Rodriguez-Saona, C., McArt, S. H., Miles, T. D., Schilder, A., Adler, L. S., Grieshop, M. J. 2016. Floral scent mimicry and vector-pathogen associations in a pseudoflower-inducing plant pathogen system. International Society of Chemical Ecology, Iguazu, Brazil, 2016.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Fitzgerald, K., Gillett, J., and Schilder, A. 2016. Fungicide sensitivity of Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi in highbush blueberries in Michigan. American Phytopathological Society Meeting, 30 Jul-3 Aug, 2016, Tampa, FL.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Kotamraju, G., Sysak, R., Gillett, J. and Schilder, A. 2016. Utility of compost tea for disease management in grapes. American Phytopathological Society Meeting, 30 Jul-3 Aug, 2016, Tampa, FL.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Dabbah, G., Miles, T., and Schilder, A. 2016. Field observations of ascospore discharge of Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi in northern highbush blueberries. American Phytopathological Society Meeting, 30 Jul-3 Aug, 2016, Tampa, FL.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A., Martin, R., Gillett, J., and Miles, T. 2016. Diagnosis and management of new and re-emerging diseases of highbush blueberries in Michigan. 11th International Vaccinium Symposium, Orlando, FL, 10-14 Apr, 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. 2016 Warm weather favors anthracnose fruit rot in strawberries. MSU Extension News for Agriculture (http://news.msue.msu.edu/news/category/ fruit). Posted on Jun 24, 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. Young grape clusters are susceptible to attack from fungal diseases. MSU Extension News for Agriculture (http://news.msue.msu.edu/news/category/ fruit). Posted on June 21, 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. Disease activity picking up in grapes. MSU Extension News for Agriculture (http://news.msue.msu.edu/news/category/ fruit). Posted on June 15, 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. Mysterious yellow spots on grape leaves are not downy mildew. MSU Extension News for Agriculture (http://news.msue.msu.edu/news/category/ fruit). Posted on June 10, 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. Update on Luna fungicides for grapes and berry crops. MSU Extension News for Agriculture (http://news.msue.msu.edu/news/category/ fruit). Posted on May 10, 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Baughman, B., Mason, K., and Schilder, A., and Isaacs, R. 2016. Vineyard IPM scouting report for May 17, 2016. MSU Extension News for Agriculture (http://news.msue.msu.edu/news/category/ fruit). Posted on May 17, 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Baughman, B., Mason, K., Schilder, A., and Isaacs, R. 2016. Vineyard IPM scouting report for June 30, 2016. MSU Extension News for Agriculture (http://news.msue.msu.edu/news/category/ fruit). Posted on Jun 30, 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Baughman, B., Mason, K., and Isaacs, R. and Schilder, A. 2016. Vineyard IPM scouting report for July 26, 2016. MSU Extension News for Agriculture (http://news.msue.msu.edu/news/category/ fruit). Posted on Jul 26, 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Mason, K., Schilder, A., and Isaacs, R. 2016. Vineyard IPM scouting report for Aug 25, 2016. MSU Extension News for Agriculture (http://news.msue.msu.edu/news/category/ fruit). Posted on Aug 25, 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Baughman, B., Mason, K., and Schilder, A. 2016. Vineyard IPM scouting report for Sep 6, 2016. MSU Extension News for Agriculture (http://news.msue.msu.edu/news/category/ fruit). Posted on Sep 6, 2016.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., Bristow, P. R., and Milholland, R. D. 2015. Botrytis blight and fruit rot. Chapter in: Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Insects, 2nd ed. J. Polashock, F. Caruso, A. Averill, and A. Schilder, editors. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
McArt, S. H., Miles, T. D., Rodriguez-Saona, C., Schilder, A. M. C., Adler, L. S., and Grieshop, M. 2016. Floral scent mimicry and the transmission of a pollinator-vectored plant pathogen. PLoS ONE (in press)
- Type:
Books
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Polashock, F. Caruso, A. Averill, and A. Schilder (eds.). 2016. Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Insects, 2nd ed. J. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C. 2016. Algal stem blotch. Chapter in: Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Insects, 2nd ed. J. Polashock, F. Caruso, A. Averill, and A. Schilder, editors, American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., and Ramsdell, D. C. 2016. Necrotic ringspot. Chapter in: Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Insects, 2nd ed. J. Polashock, F. Caruso, A. Averill, and A. Schilder, editors. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schilder, A. M. C., and Milholland, R. D. 2016. Phomopsis twig blight and fruit rot. Chapter in: Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Insects, 2nd ed. J. Polashock, F. Caruso, A. Averill, and A. Schilder, editors. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.
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