Progress 10/15/15 to 09/30/20
Outputs
Target Audience: The general scientific community and other researchers studying host resistance were reached by my efforts during this reporting period. The target audience also includes agriculture industry experts and the general public. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Undergraduate and graduate students were trained in plant genetics through this project. The students participated in field operations to grow, pollinate, and phenotype maize lines. They learned microbiological techniques and were trained in sterile technique, grew microbiological cultures, and participated in inoculating field experiments. They learned molecular genetics techniques such as DNA extraction. All students regularly presented their research results at lab meetings. The graduate students were mentored and involved in drafting manuscripts. Graduate students attended scientific meetings where they presented their research results. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Several manuscripts have been published that report on the findings from this project. Additionally, presentations were made at field and agronomy day events. These events were well attended by industry scientists, certified crop advisors and the general public. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We have made significant progress in understanding host resistance to bacterial diseases in maize and multiple disease resistance. We identified sources of resistance for both diseases (Cooper et al 2019; Qiu et al 2020). For Goss's wilt we demonstrated that genomic prediction could accurately predict disease severity in a panel of diverse inbred lines (Cooper et al. 2019). The genetic architecture of resistance to Goss's wilt is complex, and these efforts have contributed to our understanding of host resistance to this disease. Using several related populations, we mapped previously identified quantitative trait loci (QTL), as well as novel QTL for resistance to Goss's wilt (Cooper et al. 2018). We identified QTL that were of small and moderate effect. Some of these are of interest for further study, including fine mapping and could be of use for marker-assisted selection. Bacterial leaf steak is a recently emerged disease in the United States and there was no previous knowledge when this project began about host resistance to this disease. We published the first study examining bacterial leaf streak resistance (Qiu et al 2020). In this publication we report the evaluation of a small panel of inbred lines. Based on those results we selected and evaluated three mapping populations. Resistance was heritable, indicating that breeding progress can be made. We identified small and moderate effect QTL for this newly emerged disease. This work provides the foundation for breeding for bacterial leaf streak resistance. We examined the relationship among resistance to fungal and bacterial diseases. We combined the Goss's wilt data generated as part of this project with previously published data (Lopez-Zuniga et al 2016). We found that resistance to the bacterial diseases is largely independent of resistance to three common foliar diseases of maize (NCLB, SCLB, and GLS) (Cooper et al 2018; Qiu et al 2020). Furthermore, we identified genomic regions that confer resistance to multiple diseases. In some cases, alleles conferring resistance to some diseases conferred susceptibility to other diseases. This could have implications in breeding for multiple disease resistance in maize. Several promising loci were selected for confirmation, which is ongoing. We contributed to a manuscript (Doblas-Ibanez et al. 2019) on vascular disease resistance conferred by the pan1 region (Jamann et al. 2014). We evaluated several alleles of the pan1 gene in different genetic backgrounds and analyzed the data. We found a significant difference between the wild-type lines and mutants for Goss's wilt. These findings further support the role of the pan1 region in vascular disease resistance.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Qiu, Y., Kaiser, C., Schmidt, C., Broders, K., Robertson, A. and Jamann, T. 2020. Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with maize resistance to bacterial leaf streak. Crop Science. doi: 10.2135/cropsci2019.05.0318.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Qiu, Y., Cooper, J., Kaiser, C., Wisser, R., Mideros, S.X. and Jamann, T.M. 2020. Identification of loci that confer resistance to bacterial and fungal diseases of maize. G3 (Bethesda) 10:2819-2828.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Cooper, J.S., Balint-Kurti, P.J. and Jamann, T.M. 2018. Identification of quantitative trait loci for Goss's Wilt of maize. Crop Sci. 58:1192-1200.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Cooper, J.S., Rice, B.R., Shenstone, E.M., Lipka, A.E., and Jamann, T.M. 2019. Genome-wide analysis and prediction of resistance to Goss's Wilt in maize. Plant Genome 12:180045.
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Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19
Outputs
Target Audience: The general scientific community and other researchers studying host resistance in maize were reached by my efforts during this reporting period. A manuscript was published in The Plant Genome and a second in Crop Science, making information available to the scientific community. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Two undergraduates and four graduate students were trained in plant genetics through this project. The students participated in field operations to grow, pollinate, and phenotype maize lines. They learned microbiological techniques and were trained in sterile technique, grew microbiological cultures, and participated in inoculating field experiments. They learned molecular genetics techniques such as DNA extraction. All students regularly presented their research results at lab meetings. All students were mentored and three graduate students were involved in drafting two manuscripts. Graduate students attended scientific meetings where they presented their research results. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?One manuscript was published in Plant Genome and a second was accepted in Crop Science during this reporting period. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Objective 1: Experiments related to Objective 1 will be repeated and analyzed. We will draft a manuscript on the Diplodia ear rot work. Objective 2: We will draft a manuscript related to characterizing Cn pathogenesis. Near isogenic lines will be evaluated using the GFP strain to test hypotheses related to how maize confers resistance to Cn. Objective 3: We are analyzing data for three additional populations for which we have data for four diseases. We plan on drafting, submitting, and publishing two manuscripts relatedto Objective 3 during the next reporting period.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Objective One: Identify alleles conferring resistance to diseases in maize. We have been working on several important diseases of maize including bacterial leaf streak (BLS), Goss's wilt, and Diplodia ear rot. For BLS, we analyzed disease data for a population of near-isogenic lines that we evaluated and two recombinant inbred line populations that a collaborator evaluated. We wrote up the results from this analysis and submitted a manuscriptwhich was accepted in Crop Science during the reporting period. Our major findings were that resistance to BLS is controlled by several small-effect loci. This is the first publication that explores host resistance to BLS. We continued to explore the genetic architecture of resistance to Goss's wilt. We evaluated three populations of near-isogenic lines for Goss's wilt in two locations this year. As part of this project, we are finding that resistance is quantitative and so we tested whether genomic selection would be an effective method to breed for Goss's wilt resistance. A manuscript where we show high prediction accuracy for this disease was published in Plant Genome during this reporting period. We have continued to work on Diplodia ear rot, an understudied disease of maize. We evaluated two populations in two environments. We conducted analysis to determine the best methods to rate disease and identify resistant lines. Tar spot was a disease of major importance during the 2018 growing season and we collaborated with other researchers in the midwest to set up tar spot trials in 2019. We conducted tar spot trials in three locations in Illinoisusing the BGEM population and Top 48 GEM lines. We began to analyze the data during this reporting period. We have identified some sources of resistance and reliable method to encourage disease development in the field. Objective Two: Explore allelic variation at loci conditioning resistance. We contributed to a manuscript (Doublas-Ibanez et al. 2019 MPMI) on vascular disease resistance conferred by the pan1 region (Jamann et al. 2014 Genetics). We evaluated several alleles of the pan1 gene in different genetic backgrounds and analyzed the data. We found a significant difference between the wild type lines and mutants for Goss's wilt. These findings further support the role of the pan1 region in vascular disease resistance and this has been included in a manuscript accepted at MPMI. For Goss's wilt, we have developed a green fluorescent protein-expressing Clavibacter nebraskensis (Cn) strain that weused to characterize the pathogenesis process. Our next step is to use this strain to investigate how allelic variation at loci that confer resistance affects pathogen growth. Objective Three: Assess pleiotropic effects of disease resistance loci. We combined the Goss's wilt data generated under Objective 1 of this project with previously published data on the same near-isogenic line populations. We found that resistance to the bacterial diseases is largely independent of resistance to three common foliar diseases of maize (NCLB, SCLB, and GLS). We identified genomic regions that confer resistance to multiple diseases. In some cases, alleles conferring resistance to some diseases conferred susceptibility to other diseases. This could have implications in breeding for resistance in maize. We drafted a manuscript comparing resistance to five foliar diseases in maize that presents these findings. We also made significant progress in drafting a second manuscript on multiple disease resistance where we compare four diseases across additional populations.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Cooper, J., Rice, B., Shenstone, E., Lipka, A. and Jamann, T. 2019. Genome-wide analysis and prediction of resistance to Gosss wilt in maize. Plant Genome. 12:2.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Qiu, Y., Kaiser, C., Schmidt, C., Broders, K., Robertson, A. and Jamann, T. 2020. Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with maize resistance to bacterial leaf streak. Crop Science. doi: 10.2135/cropsci2019.05.0318.
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Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience:The general scientific community and other researchers studying host resistance in maize were reached by my efforts during this reporting period. The manuscript on host resistance to Goss's wilt was published in Crop Science in 2018, making it available to the scientific community. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?One undergraduate and two graduate students were trained in plant genetics through this project. The students participated in field operations to grow, pollinate, and phenotype maize lines. They learned microbiological techniques and were trained in sterile technique, grew microbiological cultures, and participated in inoculating field experiments. They learned molecular genetics techniques such as DNA extraction. The graduate students were mentored and one graduate student was involved in drafting two manuscripts. One graduate student graduated and is currently a project manager at a non-profit organization. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Two manuscripts were in preparation and submitted during this reporting period. One is now published in Crop Science and the other accepted with review to Plant Genome. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Data from this and previous reporting periods will continue to be analyzed. Experiments related to Objective 1 will be repeated and analyzed. Near isogenic lines will be evaluated again related to Objective 2, as well as the data from this reporting period analyzed. Data will be analyzed related to Objective 3. Field experiments for Objective 3 will be repeated. Manuscripts will continue to be drafted, submitted, and published.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Objective One: Identify alleles conferring resistance to diseases in maize. We continued our work in mapping resistance to Goss's wilt of maize and started mapping resistance to bacterial leaf streak of maize. Bacterial leaf streak emerged in Illinois in 2016 and nothing is known about resistance to this disease. We have evaluated over 200 genetically lines for bacterial leaf streak in this reporting period. Analyses were conducted to determine which loci are associated with resistance. We identified QTL on chromosomes 1-4. Based on this study we found that bacterial leaf streak has a complex genetic architecture and most QTL are small effect. We finished the analysis for the Goss's wilt mapping populations during this reporting period. We identified several novel QTL and confirmed previously identified QTL. We published one peer-reviewed article during this reporting period related to Goss's wilt. A second manuscript was submitted during the reporting period and is currently under review. Objective Two: Explore allelic variation at loci conditioning resistance. We evaluated two pan1 mutants, as this gene has been implicated as a susceptibility gene for vascular diseases of maize and is located within qMDR1.06 (Jamann et al. 2014), an important region for resistance to Goss's wilt. We obtained 7 introgression line populations and increased seed for them. We now have several different alleles in a susceptible background that we can use to understand the allelic variation for disease resistance. We screened these lines for Goss's wilt. Objective Three: Assess pleiotropic effects of disease resistance loci. We are using the populations from Objectives 1 and 2 to understand the basis of multiple disease resistance in maize. So far, we have found that resistance to bacterial leaf streak and Goss's wilt are unrelated. We finished collected data from yield experiments conducted in 2017 and have begun analyzing the data. We identified traits that are impacted by Goss's wilt infection. We found a significant association for the difference in flowering time due to Goss's wilt infection.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Cooper J., Balint-Kurti P. and Jamann T. 2018. Identification of quantitative trait loci for Goss⿿s wilt of maize caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis. Crop Science. 58: 1192-1200.
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Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17
Outputs
Target Audience: Results from this project were disseminated at scientific conferences including the North Central American Phytopathological Societymeeting in June of 2017 and the Maize Genetics Conference in March of 2017. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Four undergraduates and two graduate students were trained in plant genetics through this project. They participated in field operations to grow, pollinate, and phenotype maize lines. They learned microbiological techniques and were trained in sterile techniques, grew microbiological cultures, and participated in inoculating field experiments. They learned molecular genetics techniques such as DNA extraction. The graduate students were mentored and one graduate student was involved in drafting two manuscripts. One of the undergraduates also worked on a database to track field and seed operations. He was able to further develop his computational skills through this project. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Two manuscripts were in preparation during this reporting period. One will be submitted to Crop Science and the other to G3. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Data from this and the previous reporting period will continue to be analyzed. Experiments related to Objective Onewill be repeated. Near isogenic lines will be evaluated again related to Objective Two, as well as the mutants. Yield component measurements will be taken on the experiment in Objective Three. Field experiments for Objective Threewill be repeated. Manuscripts will continue to be drafted.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Objective One: Identify alleles conferring resistance to diseases in maize. We continued our work in mapping resistance to Goss's wilt of maize. The five maize genetic mapping populations that were evaluated last reporting period were evaluated again this reporting period. We have evaluated over 800 genetically distinct lines using Clavibacter michiganesis subsp nebraskensis for two years in the field using a 0-100% visual rating scale. Analyses were conducted to determine which loci are associated with resistance. Several other QTL were identified, including QTL located on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, and 10. Some of the QTL were novel, while others were consistent with other previous studies. A QTL on chromosome 1 was consistently identified across two years of data collection and overlaps with a previously identified multiple disease resistance QTL, referred to as qMDR1.06 (Wisser et al. 2006; Chung et al. 2010; Jamann et al. 2014). Two manuscripts related to these findings were in preparation during this period. Objective Two: Explore allelic variation at loci conditioning resistance. We evaluated near isogenic lines to confirm loci that were identified in Objective One. We found that qMDR1.06 is effective against not only northern leaf blightand Stewart's wilt (Jamann et al. 2014), but also Goss's wilt. We are pursuing this as a locus to follow up on to try to narrow the interval that is associated with resistance to Goss's wilt. We are also evaluated two pan1 mutants, as this gene has been implicated as a susceptibility gene for vascular diseases of maize and is located within qMDR1.06 (Jamann et al. 2014), which was identified as an important region for resistance to Goss's wilt. Objective Three: Assess pleiotropic effects of disease resistance loci. Using a split plot design, we planted four replications of the Goodman-Buckler diversity panel. Two replications were inoculated with Cmn and two were uninoculated. Using this experimental design, we evaluated all four replications for diseased leaf area, days to anthesis, days to silking, as well as several plant growth parameters throughout the growing season, such as plant height, total number of leaves, and number of leaves with collars. We are currently analyzing this data to see how Goss's wilt affects these traits. We are planning on also evaluating these populations for yield components to assess the effect of Goss's wilt on yield.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Zhang, X., Mideros, S., Brown, P. and Jamann, T. 2017. Genetic analysis of host resistance to sorghum leaf blight identifies conserved disease resistance loci in the grasses. North Central APS Annual Meeting. June 14-16, 2017. Poster Presentation. P112.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Cooper, J., Zuniga Lopez, L., Wisser, R., Balint-Kurti, P. and Jamann, T. 2017. Novel alleles for Goss's wilt resistance in maize. North Central APS Annual Meeting. June 14-16, 2017. Oral Presentation.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Zhang, X., Mideros, S., Brown, P. and Jamann, T. 2017. Genetic analysis of host resistance to Setosphaeria turcica, the causal agent of northern corn leaf blight and sorghum leaf blight. 59th Annual Maize Genetics Conference. March 9-March 12, 2017. Poster presentation. P314.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Cooper, J., Shenstone, E., Lopez-Zuniga, L., Wisser, R., Balint-Kurti, P., Lipka, L. and Jamann, T. 2017. Novel alleles for Goss wilt rResistance in maize. 59th Annual Maize Genetics Conference. March 9-March 12, 2017. Poster presentation. P351.
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Progress 10/15/15 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:Results from this project were disseminated to the public during Agronomy Day 2016 held at the University of Illinois. Additionally, a scientific audience was reached through presentations at scientific meetings. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Three undergraduates were trained in plant genetics. They participated in field operations to grow, pollinate, and phenotype maize lines. They learned microbiological techniques. They were trained in sterile technique, grew microbiological cultures, and participated in inoculating field experiments.They learned molecular genetics techniques such as DNA extraction. One of the undergraduates also worked on a database to track field and seed operations. He was able to further develop his computational skills through this project. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?A presentation was given to the publicat Agronomy Day 2016 held at UIUC. The presentation wasfocused on host resistanceto foliar diseases of maize. This presentation reached an audience of over 200 members of the public. Additionally, apresentation was given to Dow Agroscience scientists and UIUC researchers. This poster presentation reported research progress during the first reporting period. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?The mapping populations will be evaluated for Goss' wilt and pleiotropic effects fora second field season during the next reporting period. Seed was generated during this reporting period for evaluation next reporting period. Pathogen strains are in hand for evaluation in the next reporting period. Additional genetic stocks for Objective 2 will be obtained during the next reporting period. Data will continue to be analyzed for the genetic studies. Genotypic data is in hand and phenotypic data will be generated in the next reporting period. Analysis will be conducted with methods appropriatefor the mapping population type.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Objective 1: Mapping of resistance to Goss' wilt: Five maize genetic mapping populations were obtained, packed, planted, andevaluated for Goss' wilt in the field in 2016. Over 800 genetically distinct lines were inoculated with a previously collected Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.nebraskensis isolate and evaluated using a 0-100% visual rating scale.Inbred lines with superior resistance to Goss' wilt were identified in a panel of diverse maize lines.Preliminary analyses were conducted to identify regions of the genome associated with resistance. Genetic stocks were also increased for evaluation in future progress reporting periods. Objective 2: Lines were evaluated and increasedto assess allelic variation for resistance to Northern leaf blight in maize. Differential lines that have introgressions for the major genes for NLB resistance were evaluated for plant architecture traits to determine if they are useful for future experiments. Most were found not to be useful. However, there are other sources of allelic variation for NLB resistance that will be useful for the future experiments related tothis objective. Objective 3: Pleiotropy maturity: In addition to evaluating the five mapping populations for Goss' wilt, they were also evaluated for flowering time to assess pleiotropic effects of disease resistance loci. Preliminary analysis showed no significant relationship between Goss' wilt phenotype and days to flowering. Pleiotropy other diseases: The preliminary analysis revealed there are potential regions that confer resistance to Goss' wilt and at least one other disease. These loci will be investigated further in future reporting periods.
Publications
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