Progress 12/01/15 to 11/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience:Scientists Graduate students Growers Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Graduate students and Post-docs had the opportunity to train undergrad students. Master's student will be finishing his thesis in 2019 Summer. Undergrad students had the opportunity to learn analytical and immuno-histochemistry techniques and one undergrad student is completing an honors thesis based on this project. Visiting scholars had the opportunity to learn, plan and conduct an animal experiment to understand the anti- inflammatory properties of bioactive compounds. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Peer-reviewed research and review articles, conference presentations, Agriculture progress days and invited talks. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The overall goal of this proposal is to determine the extent to which bioactive gut bacterial metabolites of white-, and color- fleshed potatoes, alter the inflammatory potential of gut bacteria and suppress colonic inflammation in acute and chronic models of murine colitis. Objective 1: Determine the extent to which white-, red- and purple-fleshed potatoes rich in bioactive polyphenols suppress gut inflammation and oxidative stress. Gut health is integral to overall health. Recent evidence suggests that gut inflammation and gut bacterial dysbiosis promotesystemic inflammation and oxidative stress, which are implicated in a variety of chronic diseases including colitis, colon cancer and obesity. Diet is one of the major factors that influence the gut bacterial profiles. Thus, understanding the interaction between dietary bioactive compounds and gut bacteria in the context of colonic inflammation and oxidative stress will aid in developing evidence-based food products to counter chronic diseases in the US and globally. To determine the effect of potato bioactive polyphenols on gut inflammation, an animal study has been conducted using DSS- induced murine colitis model and IL-10 KO mice model. Serum, feces and colon tissues were collected for inflammatory marker analysis. Mice exposed to DSS in drinking water for seven days showed a significant reduction in colon length, increase in spleen weight (splenomegaly) and liver hypertrophy (increase in liver weight) - typical symptoms of colitis. Intestinal permeability, measured by serum levels of FITC-dextran, was significantly elevated in C57BL/6 wild-type mice on control diet after DSS exposure. Mice supplemented with color-fleshed potatoes at 15 and 25% ameliorated the DSS-induced reduction in colon length. However, only purple- but not red-fleshed potato supplementation reduced splenomegaly and liver hypertrophy. Mice on purple-fleshed potatoes at 25% supplementation alone resisted the DSS-induced increase in the intestinal permeability. MPO, a well-known pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory enzyme, is mainly released by activated neutrophils. Purple-fleshed potatoes at 25% alone reduced systemic MPO levels in mice exposed to DSS, but not red-fleshed potatoes indicating that staple crop cultivar needs to be taken into consideration while evaluating the health benefits of plant foods. IL-10KO mice on control diet showed splenomegaly, liver hypertrophy, rectal prolapse and fecal occult blood. IL-10KO mice on purple-fleshed potato diet had suppressed splenomegaly and liver hypertrophy compared to IL-10KO mice on the control diet and were similar to wild-type mice. We completed all the experiments proposed in objective 1 and we are finalizing the manuscript for publication. Objective 2: Determine the ability of gut bacterial metabolites formed from color-fleshed potatoes to suppress gut inflammation using conventional and germ-free mice. We completed animal experiments using both conventional and microbiota ablated mice to understand the role of microbiota in the anti-inflammatory potential of color-fleshed potatoes. All the tissues, fecal and serum samples are collected and stored at -80oC. These samples will be transferred to Purdue University for further analysis. Objective 3: Define the extent to which color-fleshed potato diets alter the inflammatory potential of the gut microbiota. Fecal samples from both conventional and microbiota-ablated mice were collected and archived at -80oC to assess the inflammatory potential of the gut microbiota both in vitro and in vivo.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Reddivari, L. (Presenter & Author), Li, S., Wang, T. & Vanamala, JKP. (June 8, 2018). Gut bacteria is essential for the anti-colitic activity of anthocyanin-containing color-fleshed potatoes. USDA NIFA Project Directors' Meeting, Boston, MA
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Reddivari, L., Pinnamaneni, SR., Massey, AR., Reardon, KF. & Vanamala JKP.(2019). 3-Deoxyanthocyanidins from Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Stalk Dermal Layer Reduce Systemic Oxidative Stress in Mice. Phytomedicine
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Reddivari, L., Wang, T., Wu, B., & Li, S. (2018). Potato: an Anti-inflammatory Food. American Journal of Potato Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-018-09699-z
|
Progress 12/01/16 to 11/30/17
Outputs
Target Audience:Scientists, graduate students and growers Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Participation in Microbiome Workshop, Department of Nutrition Colloquium series and weekly seminars in Immunology Department at Penn State. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results were presented in Departmental seminars, Microbiome workshop, Penn State College of Agriculture Ag progress days and USDA Project Directors' meeting. The attendees represent scientists, graduate and undergraduate students in nutrition, food science and plant science and growers. We published four manuscripts on metabolite signatures in chronic inflammation-related disorders. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?The samples from the microbiota ablated mice study will be analyzed for inflammatory markers, histology, and metabolomics. We will be conducting experiments using germ-free mice to understand the bacteria and bioactive compound interaction. We will analyze the extent to which color-fleshed potatoes can reduce the inflammatory potential of gut bacteria using the fecal samples collected from both conventional and microbiota ablated mice.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are on the rise worldwide. Currently, ~1.8 million people suffer with IBD in the US alone. Despite all the recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of IBD, current therapeutic options (e.g., steroids and chemotherapy drugs for life and/or surgery) for children and adults come with serious negative side effects. Thus, there is a need for developing effective and evidence-based food products with anti-inflammatory activity. Experimental evidence suggests that dietary anthocyanins can reduce chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, two critical factors in the pathogenesis of IBD. Objective 1: Determine the extent to which white-, red- and purple-fleshed potatoes rich in bioactive polyphenols suppress gut inflammation and oxidative stress. To determine the effect of potato bioactive polyphenols on gut inflammation, an animal study has been conducted using DSS-induced murine colitis model and IL-10 KO mice model. Serum, feces and colon tissues were collected for inflammatory marker analysis. Mice exposed to DSS in drinking water for seven days showed significant reduction in colon length, increase in spleen weight (splenomegaly) and liver hypertrophy (increase in liver weight) - typical symptoms of colitis. Intestinal permeability, measured by serum levels of FITC-dextran, was significantly elevated in C57BL/6 wild type mice on control diet after DSS exposure. Mice supplemented with color-fleshed potatoes at 15 and 25% resisted the DSS-induced reduction in colon length. Purple-fleshed potato supplementation suppressed splenomegaly and liver hypertrophy. Red-fleshed potato diets did not have any effect on DSS-induced splenomegaly. Mice on purple-fleshed potatoes at 25% supplementation alone ameliorated the DSS-induced increase in the intestinal permeability. MPO, a well-known pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory enzyme, is mainly released by activated neutrophils. Purple-fleshed potatoes at 25% alone reduced systemic MPO levels in mice exposed to DSS, but not red-fleshed potatoes indicating that staple crop cultivar need to be taken into consideration while evaluating the health benefits of plant foods. IL-10KO mice on control diet showed splenomegaly, liver hypertrophy, rectal prolapse and fecal occult blood. Purple-fleshed potato diet suppressed splenomegaly and liver hypertrophy compared in IL-10KO mice. Objective 2: Determine the ability of gut bacterial metabolites formed from color-fleshed potatoes to suppress gut inflammation using conventional, microbiota-ablated and germ-free mice. We are currently conducting experiments using both conventional and microbiota ablated mice to understand the role of microbiota in the anti-inflammatory potential of color-fleshed potatoes. Experiment will be completed in 5 weeks. Objective 3: Define the extent to which color-fleshed potato diets alter inflammatory potential of the gut microbiota. Fecal samples collected from both conventional and microbiota-ablated mice will be used to assess the inflammatory potential of the gut microbiota both in vitro and in vivo.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Reddivari, L., Veeramachaneni DNR, Walters, W., Lozupone, C., Palmer, J., Hewage MKK, Bhatnagar, R., Amir, A., Kennett, M. J., Knight, R., & Vanamala JKP (2017). Perinatal Bisphenol A Exposure Induces Chronic Inflammation in Rabbit Offspring via Modulation of Gut Bacteria and Their Metabolites. mSystems, 2(5) Co-corresponding author. Selected for cover page
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Reddivari, L., Sapkota, B. R., Rudraraju, A., Liang, Y., Aston, C. E., Sidorov, E., Vanamala, J. K.P., & Sanghera, D. K. Title: Metabolite Signatures of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Pilot Investigation. Metabolomics, 13:154
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Reddivari, L., Wang, T., Wu, B., & Li, S. "Potato: An Anti-inflammatory Food?" American Journal of Potato Research.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Reddivari, L. (Presenter & Author), Vanamala, J., Kumar, M. V., Kennett, M. J. (June 24, 2017). "Potato Anthocyanins Attenuate Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Colitis," USDA NIFA Fellowship Project Directors Meeting, Las Vegas
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Reddivari, L. "How do plant genetic variation influence microbiome composition/function?," Apple Phytobiome Workshop, Penn State Microbiome Center, University Park
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Farook, V. S., Reddivari, L., Mummidi, S., Puppala, S., Arya, R., Lopez-Alvarenga, J. C., Fowler, S. P., Chittoor, G., Resendez, R. G., Kumar, B. M., Comuzzie, A. G., Curran, J. E., Lehman, D. M., Jenkinson, C. P., Lynch, J. L., DeFronzo, R. A., Blangero, J., Hale, D. E., Duggirala, R., & Vanamala, J. (2017). Genetics of Serum Carotenoid Concentrations and Their Correlation with Obesity-related Traits in Mexican American Children. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 106(1), 52-58
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Charepalli, V., Reddivari, L., Radhakrishnan, S., Eriksson, E., Xiao, X., Kim, S. W., Shen, F., Vijay-Kumar, M., Li, Q., Bhat, V. B., Knight, R., & Vanamala JKP (2017). Pigs, Unlike Mice, Have Two Distinct Colonic Stem Cell Populations Similar to Humans That Respond to High-Calorie Diet prior to Insulin Resistance. Cancer Prevention Research, 10(8), 442-450. Selected for cover page
|
Progress 12/01/15 to 11/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:Scientists, graduate students, potato industry and growers Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The information on the effect of storage and cultivar on potato bioactive compounds on inflammatory markers and colon stem cells have been presented at Potato Association of America (PAA) annual meeting. The graduate student received first place in oral presentation competition at PAA. The attendees represent scientists, graduate and undergraduate students working in potato related research in theUnited States and Canada, potato growers and potato industry. We submitted two manuscripts on metabolite signatures in chronic inflammation-related disorders such as obesity and type-2diabetes. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?The samples from the mice study will be analyzed for inflammatory markers, histology, and metabolomics. We will use germ-free mice to determine the ability of gut bacterial metabolites formed from color-fleshed potatoes to suppress gut inflammation. Effect of potatoes on the inflammatory potential of gut microbiota in vitro will be analyzed.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Gut health is integral to overall health. Recent evidence suggests that gut bacteria are implicated in a variety of chronic diseases including colonic inflammation and related disorders such as colitis. Diet is one the major factors that influence the gut bacterial profiles. Thus, understanding the interaction between dietary bioactive compounds and gut bacteria in the context of colonic inflammation and oxidative stress will aid in developing evidence-based food products to counter chronic diseases in the US and globally. Objective 1: Determine the extent to which white-, red- and purple-fleshed potatoes rich in bioactive polyphenols suppress gut inflammation and oxidative stress. To determine the effect of potato bioactive polyphenols on gut inflammation, an animal study has been conducted using DSS-induced murine colitis model. Serum, feces and colon tissues were collected and preserved for inflammatory marker analysis. Preliminary data on colon length and spleen weights suggest that purple-fleshed potatoes supplemented diets but not the control or white or red can ameliorate chemical-induced colitis in mice. We are breeding IL-10 mice for further experiments to understand the role of potato bioactive compounds in IL-10 deficient chronic colitis model. Objective 2: Determine the ability of gut bacterial metabolites formed from color-fleshed potatoes to suppress gut inflammation using conventional and germ-free mice We prepared irradiated diets with potato inclusion for germ-free mice studies to understand the role of gut bacteria in anti-inflammatory properties of color-fleshed potatoes. Objective 3: Define the extent to which color-fleshed potato diets alter inflammatory potential of the gut microbiota. Fecal samples were collected and archived at -80 to assess the inflammatory potential of the gut microbiota both in vitro and in vivo.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Farook, V., Reddivari, L. (Co-Author), Mummidi, S., Puppala, S., Arya, R., Lopez-Alvarenga, J., Fowler, S. P., Chittoor, G., Resendez, R. G., Kumar, B. M., Comuzzie, A. G., Curran, J. E., Lehman, D. M., Jenkinson, C. P., Lynch, J. L., DeFronzo, R. A., Blangero, J., Hale, D. E., Duggirala, R., & Vanamala, J. K. P. Genetics of serum carotenoid levels and their correlation with obesity-related traits in Mexican American children. 2017. AJCN
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Lavanya Reddivari, Bishwa R Sapkota, Apoorva Rudraraju, Yundi Liang, Sarju Ralhan, Gurpreet S. Wander, Evgeny Sidorov, Christopher E. Aston, Jairam K. P. Vanamala, Dharambir K. Sanghera. Metabolite signatures of diabetes and cerebral ischemia: a pilot investigation. 2017. J of Dibaetes and its Complications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Reddivari, L., Ursell, L., Charepalli, V., Radhakrishnan, S., Kim, S. W., Bhat, V., Knight, R., Vanamala, J. Does the effect of cultivar and processing on the potato metabolome manifest in mammalian proteome and suppression of chronic inflammation?. PAA Annual Meeting, Grand Rapids, MI. August 4, 2016
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Charepalli, V., Vadde, R., Reddivari, L., Vanamala, J. Novel molecular insights for anti-colon cancer efficacy of purple-fleshed potatoes A proteomics approach. PAA Annual Meeting, Grand Rapids, MI. August 4, 2016 - First place in graduate student oral presentation
|
|