Progress 10/28/15 to 09/30/20
Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience includes other academic professionals, policy makers, producers, producer groups, and agribusinesses. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?M.S. Thesis students worked on several of these studies as part of their M.S. thesis work. Presentations were also made at professional meetings. Presenting papers at professional meetings and attending those meetings How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?By papers, at professional meetings, journal articles and publications that are disseminated to policy makers, producer organizations and other industry organizations. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?This project is under completion. A new project to continue the work has been submitted and approved.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
a) provide projections of the impacts of agri-industry development on the Tennessee economy using TN-AIM (Tennessee Agri-Industry Model) With the COVID-19 pandemic, several studies were conducted to evaluate the economic impacts the pandemic on crop markets and Tennessee crop farmers (Smith, et al. 2020; English, et al. 2020a), livestock markets and Tennessee livestock producers (English, et al., 2020b), small agribusiness (Hughes, 2020), and also food sufficiency of households in Tennessee (Jensen, et al. 2020). The crop and livestock analyses measured the market impacts of COVID-19 on Tennessee's livestock and crop industries, but also of assistance programs to remediate these market effects (CFAP). The study of the effects of agribusiness showed that the majority of the small agribusinesses surveyed felt major effects on their businesses from COVID-19. The study of household food sufficiency showed that going into the pandemic about 1 in 10 households in Tennessee were food insufficient. Tennessee's food insufficient households tended to be younger, have children in the household, be less educated, lower income, and not be employed. Two fact sheets were published to disseminate information on the paycheck protection program (Upendram, et al. 2020) and the Coronavirus Food Assistance Program for the Dairy Industry (Eckelkamp, et al. 2020). Participation in the Paycheck Protection Program was examined for several industries (food and beverage and green industry) (Upendram, et al., 2020; Rihn and Jensen, 2020). About half of Tennessee's food and beverage industries participated in the PPP. Most heavy participation was by restaurants and bars and food and beverage stores. Estimates are the program helped retain over 150,000 jobs in that industry in the state. Results from these studies helped inform policy makers and industry leaders about the potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on agricultural commodity markets, value-added agribusinesses, and households. The results also showed how programs such as CFAP and the PPP impacted agriculture and agribusiness within the state. The results from these studies were delivered via a website dedicated to the economic impacts of COVID-19 on Tennessee's agricultural industry and economy. b) to assess market opportunities for agri-industry development within the state and region and Market opportunities for a Tennessee labeled milk (DeLong, et al. 2020) and Tennessee branded beef (DeLong, et al. 2020) were evaluated in two studies. We estimated Tennessee farmers' willingness to pay for plastic biodegradable mulches (BDM) and the factors influencing their willingness to purchase this type of mulch (Velandia et al., 2020). BDM is already available in the marketplace, but given the low market penetration of BDM, it is important for BDM manufactures not only to understand the factors influencing farmers' willingness to use BDM at various price levels but also to compare farmer willingness to pay (WTP) for BDM with market prices at which the product is currently being offered. . The results from this project help inform the BDM industry about product pricing and also potential policies, such as subsidies, that could enhance farmer use of BDM/s over conventional plastic mulches. We evaluated East Tennessee fruit and vegetable farmers' willingness to participate in market outlets with a food justice mission, specifically Fresh Stop Markets (FSMs) (Velandia et al., 2020). FSMs are "pop up" farm fresh markets organized biweekly for 22 weeks during the season at public spaces in food-insecure neighborhoods. FSMs provide local fresh produce to each market's shareholders on a sliding scale based on income. The results from this study help inform the decision to bring the FSM model to East Tennessee. c) to develop resource requirements and impacts as a result of economic activity. The impact of demographic changes on federal funds for community development were examined including a case study of the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (Upendram, et al. 2020). A study on the relationship between broadband and job productivity (Gallardo, et al. 2020) found that metrics focused on adoption or digital distress had a positive impact on job productivity in comparison to measured focused on broadband speed or availability. Digital divide in Tennessee (Upendram, et al. 2020) was examined through relative measures of broadband infrastructure and socio-economic status of communities. The result from this study of the digital divide will assist state and local policy makers in improving digital services for rural areas.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Upendram, S., A.A. Berry, C.T. Sneed, B. Metzger and C. Cummings. 2020. Finding Work: The Job Interview University of Tennessee Extension publication W 936F.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Upendram, S., C. Martinez and S. A. Smith. 2020. Paycheck Protection Program University of Tennessee Extension publication D 65-A (April).
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Upendram, S., C. Martinez and S. A. Smith. 2020. Paycheck Protection Program: Round II University of Tennessee Extension publication D 65-B (April).
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
20220
Citation:
Eckelkamp, E., S.A. Smith, C. Martinez and S. Upendram. 2020. Coronavirus Food Assistance Program: Dairy Industry University of Tennessee Extension Publication D123 (August).
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Velandia, M., K. Jensen, K. DeLong, A. Wszelaki, and A. Rihn. 2020. Tennessee Fruit and Vegetable Farmer Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Plastic Biodegradable Mulch. Journal of Food Distribution Research.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Velandia, M., X. Chen, J. Yenerall, S. Schexnayder, C. Trejo, K. Tanaka, H. Hyden, K. Rignall. Factors Influencing Fruit and Vegetable Farmers Willingness to Participate in Market Outlets with a Food Justice Mission: The Case of Fresh Stop Markets. Presented at the 2020 Food Distribution Research Virtual Conference (October 13, 2020).
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
S. Aaron Smith, Burton C. English, R. Jamey Menard, David W. Hughes, and Kimberly L. Jensen. Projected Crop Market and Tennessee Farm Income Impacts from the COVID-19 Pandemic. AREC COVIDRR03. Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, The University of Tennessee. July 15, 2020.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Burton C. English, Jamey Menard, Aaron Smith, David Hughes, and Kim Jensen. Economic Impacts of the COVID-19 Virus on Tennessee Producers of Major Program Crops. AREC COVIDRR03. Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, The University of Tennessee. July 13, 2020.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Burton C. English, R. Jamey Menard, S. Aaron Smith, Andrew P. Griffith, Charles Martinez and Kimberly Jensen. Estimated Economic Impacts of the COVID-19 Virus on Tennessee Beef Cattle Producers. AREC COVIDRR03. Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, The University of Tennessee. October 14, 2020.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Alicia Rihn and Kimberly L. Jensen. Paycheck Protection Program Participation in Tennessee's Green Industry April 3-June 30, 2020. W 937. October 2020.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Kimberly L. Jensen, R. Jamey Menard, Jackie Yenerall, and David W. Hughes. Covid-19 Impact on Tennessee Household Food Sufficiency. AREC COVIDRR01. Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, The University of Tennessee. July, 2020.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Upendram, S., K.L. Jensen, A. Rihn, J. Yenerall and E. Loveday. 2020. Paycheck Protection Program Participation by Tennessees Food and Beverage Industry, April 3-June 30, 2020. University of Tennessee Extension publication accepted for publication forthcoming.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
DeLong, K.L., K.L. Jensen, S. Upendram, E.A. Eckelkamp. 2020. Consumer Preferences for Tennessee Milk. Journal of Food Distribution Research, 51(2): 111-130. https://www.fdrsinc.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/JFDR51.2.pdf
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Gill, M.*, K. L. Jensen, D. M. Lambert, S. Upendram, B. C. English, N. Labb�, S. Jackson, and R. J. Menard 2020. Tennessee Consumer Willingness to Pay for Disposable Dinnerware Molded from Wheat Straw. Journal of Food Distribution Research. In Press.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Menard, R., J.M. Thompson, B.C. English, D. W. Hughes, A.P. Griffith, S.A. Smith, and K.L. Jensen. 2020. Economic Impacts from On-Farm Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Event in Tennessee. Review of Regional Studies 50: 282-300.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
1. Gill, M., K. L. Jensen, D. Lambert, S. Upendram, B.C. English, N. Labb�, S. Jackson and J. Menard. 2020 Consumer Preferences for Ecofriendly attributes in Disposable Dinnerware Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 161.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
McKay, L. K. L. DeLong, K. L. Jensen, A. P. Griffith, C. Boyer, and D. M. Lambert. 2019. Estimating Restaurant Willingness to Pay for Local Beef. Agribusiness: An International Journal. 35(4): 610-624.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
DeLong, K. K.L. Jensen, A. Griffith, and E. McLeod. 2019. Beef Cattle Farmers Marketing Preferences for Selling Local Beef. Agribusiness: An International Journal. 35(3): 354-357.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Upendram, S., D.W. Hughes and V. Campbell. 2020 The impact of demographic changes on Cooperative Extension Programs across the United States Choices, Quarter 4.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
R. Gallardo, B. Whitacre, I. Kumar and S. Upendram. 2020. Digital inclusion and job productivity: A look at county-level data The Annals of Regional Science, In Press.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-020-01015-0
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Upendram, S., B. Wilson and I. Baxter. 2020. Digital Divide: County Broadband Access in Tennessee University of Tennessee Extension publication W 952.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2020
Citation:
Upendram, S., and I. Baxter. 2020. Responsible Behavior Guidelines for the Internet University of Tennessee 4H Lesson Plan Extension publication W 675.
|
Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19
Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience includes other academic professionals, policy makers, producers, producer groups, and agribusinesses. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?M.S. students worked on several of these studies as part of their thesis requirement. Presentations along with presenting papers were also made at professional meetings. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?By papers, at professional meetings, journal articles and publications that are disseminated to policy makers, producer organizations and other industry organizations. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continue to evaluate the necessary conditions and resources to expand the Fresh Stop Markets' (FSMs) model in the US Southeast region. FSMs are "pop up" farm-fresh markets organized biweekly for 20 weeks during the season at local churches, community centers, and other public spaces in food-insecure neighborhoods. Between December of 2019 and February of 2020, we will complete two focus groups, two case studies of farmers who have sold products through FSM, and a producer survey to assess the economic viability of FSMs as a market outlet for fruit and vegetable producers. We started exploring and evaluating the role of labor supply in the long-term sustainability of small and medium-sized fruit and vegetable farms and that of locally grown food systems. We continue working with a Haslam Scholar Honors Thesis undergraduate student evaluating the general implications of the US immigration policy in US agriculture. We are evaluating the future labor supply and demand that could support small and medium-size fruit and vegetable farms' production in the long run through a survey of Tennessee fruit and vegetable producers. The grower survey will be conducted between January and March of 2020.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Under Goal 1: a) In 2017, we estimated impacts of the agri-forestry industrial complex to the Tennessee economy. The complex contributed $81.0 billion to the economy with multiplier effects (11.8% of Tennessee's economic activity) and employed an estimated 342,000 individuals (8.6% of the total number of workers). Agriculture accounted for 8.3% of the state's economy and generated $56.8 billion in output and employed close to 244,000 Tennesseans, with over 92,000 (both full/part-time) in agricultural production. For purposes of comparison, in 2017 Tennessee's economy totaled $648.6 billion in output and had close to 4.0 million jobs. For direct value-added, the agri-forestry industrial complex ranked seventh at $16.1 billion. Comparing 2017 major industry sectors to previous studies using 2006, 2009, 2011, 2013, and 2015 IMPLAN data, direct economic activity for agriculture increased an average of 6.3 percent, whereas economic activity for forestry remained relatively flat (-0.02 percent) in nominal terms. For workers or jobs in agriculture and forestry, forestry had the largest average decrease at 5.7 percent with agriculture having a 3.4 percent decrease. b) Effects of two outbreaks in March 2017, one highly pathogenic and one low pathogenic, of avian influenza reported in Tennessee poultry breeding flocks were analyzed. We modeled depopulation rates of 10, 15, and 25% in south-central Tennessee (9 counties). Estimated reductions in gross regional product ranged from $6.7 million to $16.8 million. c) Tennessee Agricultural Enhance Program (TAEP) is designed to support agriculture in Tennessee by providing cost share funds to producers for long-term investment on Tennessee farms and rural communities. For fiscal years FY06 through FY19, state investment in the TAEP program totals $185.3 million. The overall economic impacts from the TAEP on the state's economy is $1.1 billion from FY06 through FY19. For every $1 of TAEP investment, an additional $6.09 is generated in the state's rural economies. d) Estimated impacts of the prevented planting acres primarily due to rainfall in spring 2019 across the Corn Belt and Mid-south results indicate a loss of an estimated $4.5 billion in economic activity and $2.8 billion in gross regional product that is especially concentrated in particular Midwest BEA regions. e) The University of Tennessee's AgResearch and Education Centers (AREC) support agricultural and forestry-based research conducted by the University. For 2018, approximately $12.5 million was spent in direct economic activity for agricultural research. Expenditures of $11.6 million at the ARECs result in an estimated total impact of $19.2 million, with $1.1 million indirect and another close to $6.5 million induced. An estimated $10.0 million in value-added, or 52.3 percent of the total impact to the Tennessee economy, occurs as a result of expenditures at the ARECs. Goal 2: The impacts for sustainable aviation biofuels were developed for each of the 179 Bureau of Economic Analysis Economic Areas in the contiguous United States. The database has been used in developing economic estimates for a cover crop oilseed to sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) pathway. Pennycress, an oilseed plant with high oil content, is being considered as a second-generation biofuel feedstock. Economic feasibility of incorporating pennycress in U.S. crop rotations at a price of $0.20 per pound stimulates 22.1 million acres of pennycress to be planted and increases harvested acreage of corn and soybeans by 3.2 percent and 5.0 percent, respectively. To produce 800+ million gallons of jet fuel, 22 HEFA facilities fed by 43 oil extraction facilities are required resulting in the addition of $19 billion to the nation's economy and nearly 66,000 jobs. Goal 3: a) A report provides a valuation of water usage in the southeast and the economic activity associated with the use. The resulting water footprint could assist in the design of water management policies for local, state, and regional institutions, including markets for water. b) Two surveys were conducted on consumer preferences of fluid milk. Results from this study indicate that Tennessee milk consumers are willing to pay an average of $0.37 per gallon premium and to obtained milk produced within a distance of around 74 miles. This will support dairy farmers' income, state's economy and would be fresher. c) A survey was conducted to determine consumers willingness to pay an average premium of $1.72 for dairy products made with Tennessee milk. Local dairy products (68 miles radius) are preferred. Cheese, butter and ice cream are the top three dairy products consumed by Tennessee residents. Consumers believe dairy products made with Tennessee milk will help support dairy farmers' income, the state's economy and would be fresher. d) A study was conducted to determine Tennessee farmers' interest in supplying cattle to a Tennessee branded beef (TBB) program. Results suggest that interested farmers in the program prefer to sell through a cooperatively owned processing facility, or a beef-marketing cooperative. Consumer demand for local foods has expanded and caused evaluation of this marketing opportunity. Results show that cattle producers with an interest in finishing cattle in Tennessee and marketing beef under a similar program as the hypothetical Tennessee Certified Beef (TCB) program have a wholesale market for ground beef and steaks. e) A study was conducted to determine a consumer's preference for eco-friendly attributes in disposable dinnerware. Paper cups and plates are landfilled at a rate of 40%, and plastic disposable dinnerware at 80% in the US. Consumers appear to have stronger preferences for eco-friendly attributes that relate to their disposal post-use. Certain market segments exhibited greater preferences for eco-friendly attributes in disposable dinnerware (male, urban, children in household, higher incomes, and stronger environmental concerns). f) Increasing delay of tows and vessels at a set of 28 lock and dam sites on the upper Mississippi River have caused concerns about its navigational efficiency. Results of the study suggest that a 1% increase in lockage processing time result in a 2.3% increase in lock delays. Numbers of lockage for commercial vessels at a given lock also contribute to its own delay and delay at other locks. Our findings confirm the importance of incorporating spatial spillover effect in the analysis of delay issue on inland waterway given the interdependence among locks. g) This study presents an integrated approach to determining the optimal biofuel supply chain considering biomass yield uncertainty. A two-stage stochastic mixed integer linear programming is utilized to minimize the expected system cost while incorporating yield uncertainty in the strategic level decisions related to biomass production and biorefinery investment. Goal 5: Two interviews were completed with non-profit organizations in the U.S. southeastern region with a food justice mission. Preliminary results suggest that as most non-profit organizations, these organizations are highly dependent on external grant funding. The organization with a sole food justice mission has had to adjust the business model continuously to guarantee survival, while the organization that has food justice as a secondary mission has had more financial stability over time and, therefore, has a higher likelihood of survival. We currently have drafts of two case studies describing specific issues faced by these organizations. These case studies will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals in early 2020. Goal 6: An initial website linking BioFLAME output to users through web-based tools has been initiated. The output generated from data developed by BioFLAME will be used as the initial test.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Upendram, S., K.L. Jensen, K. Delong, J. Menard, and E.A. Eckelkamp. 2019. Consumer Dairy Product Expenditures and Preferences for Dairy Products made with Tennessee Milk University of Tennessee Extension publications W851.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Upendram, S., K.L. Jensen, K. Delong, J. Menard, and E.A. Eckelkamp. 2019. Consumer Milk Expenditures and Preferences for Tennessee Milk University of Tennessee Extension publications W 842.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Menard, R. J., B. C. English, and K. L. Jensen. 2019. 2017 Economic Contributions of Agriculture and Forestry in Tennessee. Agricultural and Resource Economics, Departmental Research Series, DRS19-001.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Menard,R.J., B.C. English, and K. Jensen. Economic Contributions of Agriculture and Forestry in Tennessee. Summary Pamphlet for Research Series Report 19-001. November 2019.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Menard, R. J., J. M. Thompson, B. C. English, D. W. Hughes, K. L. Jensen, A. P. Griffith, and S. A. Smith. 2019. Economic Impacts from On-Farm Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Event in Tennessee. Review of Regional Studies. (in press)
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Menard, R.J., B.C. English, and K. Jensen. An Analysis of the Economic Impacts from the Tennessee Agricultural Enhancement Program (TAEP)FY06-FY19. October 2019.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
English, B.C., S.A. Smith, R.J. Menard, D. Hughes, and M. Gunderson. Estimated Economic Impacts of the 2019 Midwest Floods.
October 2019.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Menard, R.J., B.C. English, and K. Jensen. Estimated Economic Impacts of the University of Tennessees AgResearch and Education Centers. July 2019
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Smith, A., R. J. Menard, and B. C. English. 2018. Economic Impacts to Tennessee Soybean Producers and Regional Economies from Chinas 25 Percent Tariff on Soybeans. Extension Publication.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Sharma, B. P., T. E. Yu, B. C. English, C. Boyer, and J. A. Larson. 2019. Stochastic Optimization of Cellulosic Biofuel Supply Chain under Feedstock Yield Uncertainty. Energy Procedia, 158: 1009-1014.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
DeLong, K. L., K. L. Jensen, A. P. Griffith, and E. McLeod. 2019. Beef Cattle Farmers Marketing Preferences for Selling Local Beef. Agribusiness: an International Journal, 35(3):343-357.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Menard, English, and Wilson, 2019. Economic Impact Database of Technologies and Feedstocks Available through Aviation Sustainable Center (ASCENT). Jamey Menard, Burton C. English, and Brad Wilson. October, 2019 (not published)
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Markel, E, B. C. English, C. M. Hellwinckel, and R. J. Menard. 2019 Potential for Pennycress to Support a Renewable Jet Fuel Industry Ecology, Pollution and Environmental Science, SciEnvironm 1:121.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Di Sheng, Stephanie Owens, Dayton Lambert, Burton C. English, Jamey Menard, David Hughes, Lixia He-Lambert, and Chris Clark, 2019. A Multiregional Input-Output Analysis of Water Withdrawals in the Southeastern United States, The Review of Regional Studies, Southern Regional Science Association, 49: pp 323-350, ISSN 1553-0892, 0048-49.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Griffith, A. P., L. McKay, K. L. DeLong, K. L. Jensen, C. Boyer, and D. M. Lambert. 2019. Estimating Restaurant Willingness to Pay for Local Beef. UT Extension.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Gill, MacKenzie*, K. L. Jensen, D. M. Lambert, S. Upendram, B. C. English, N. Labb�, S. Jackson, and R. J. Menard. 2019. Tennessee Consumer Willingness to Pay for Disposable Dinnerware Molded from Wheat Straw. Journal of Food Distribution Research. (in press)
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Thomas, M., K. L. Jensen, C. D. Clark, D. M. Lambert, B. C. English, and F. R. Walker. 2019.Consumer Preferences for Potting Mix with Biochar. Journal of Cleaner Production
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Yu, Ed, B. Sharma, and Burton C. English. Investigating Lock Delay on the Upper Mississippi River: A Spatial Panel Analysis. Network and Spatial Economics, 19:275-291.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
McLeod, E., K. L. Jensen, K. L. DeLong, and A. P. Griffith. 2019. A Multiple Indicator Multiple Causation Analysis of Beef Cattle Farmers Information Use. Journal of Extension, 57(3):1-13.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Jensen, K. L., R. J. Menard, B. C. English, A. P. Griffith, D. W. Hughes, A. Smith, and T. E. Yu. 2019. Tennessees Agricultural and Forest Industries and Rural Economy. Chapter 'An Economic Report To The Governor of The State of Tennessee' By M. Murray, W. Fox, M. Ha,
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
McKay, L., K. L. DeLong, K. L. Jensen, A. P. Griffith, C. Boyer, and D. M. Lambert. 2019. Restaurant Willingness to Pay for Local Beef. Agribusiness: an International Journal, 35(4): 610-624.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Thomas, M., K. Jensen, C. Clark, B. English, D. Lambert, and F. Walker. Tennessee Home Gardener Preferences for Environmental Attributes in Gardening Supplies: A Multiple Indicators Multiple Causation Analysis. Published Proceedings, Southern Nursery Association (SNA) Research Conference Vol. 63 2019, pp-87-93.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Jensen,K., K. DeLong, and A. Griffith. Tennessee Cattle Farmers Willingness to Participate in a Tennessee Branded Beef Program. April 2019.
|
Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience includes other academic professionals, policy makers, producers, producer groups, and agribusinesses. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?M.S. Thesis students worked on several of these studies as part of their M.S. thesis work. Presentations were also made at professional meetings. Dissemination-(a) Distribution to Extension and State Government officials statewide; (b) Distribution to Governor of TN; (c ) Presentation at a professional meetings; (d) Journal publications; ( e) Associated publication by Extension for industry use;(f)Worked with farmers How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Presentations at professional meetings, journal publications, distribution of publications related to economic impacts to agribusiness leaders across state, policy makers including Tennessee Department of Agriculture and Tennessee Governor, local foods industry participants, and other organizations including Tennessee Valley Authority. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?1) Completing the draft for the agricultural section for the Economic Report to the Governor again in January 2019; 2) Current studies are underway to examine co-products of biofuels and biobased products. The first study examines consumers' willingness to pay for biochar, a coproduct of biofuels, in potting mix. The survey has been conducted and data analysis is underway. Also a study of consumers' willingness to pay for disposable dinnerware made from wheat straw is underway. The survey has been conducted and data are being analyzed. Each of these will M.S. Thesis projects, presented at professional meetings, and submitted as journal manuscripts. In addition, we are in the process of evaluating the necessary conditions and resources to expand the Fresh Stop Markets' (FSMs) model in the US Southeast region. FSMs are "pop up" farm-fresh markets organized biweekly for 20 weeks during the season at local churches, community centers, and other public spaces in food insecure neighborhoods. FSMs provide local fresh produce to each market's shareholders on a sliding scale based on income. FSMs offer farmers a low-risk outlet which helps them diversify their marketing portfolios and transition from farmers' markets and CSAs to wholesale markets. FSMs also allow farmers to become active leaders in their community to build food systems that promote environmental stewardship and social equity. In 2019 we will conduct a producer survey to assess the economic viability of FSMs as a market outlet for fruit and vegetable producers in the US Southeast region. We will also evaluate potential business models for partnerships that could help support the expansion of FSMs in the Southeast region, We started exploring and evaluating the role of labor supply in the long term sustainability of small and medium-sized fruit and vegetable farms and that of locally grown food systems in the Southeast region. We are currently working with a Haslam Scholar Honors Thesis undergraduate student evaluating the general implications of the US immigration policy in US agriculture. We are also planning to evaluate the future labor supply and demand that could support small and medium size fruit and vegetable farms' production in the long run through student and producers surveys. Additionally, we are planning to evaluate the effectiveness of current programs aiming to connect these types of producers with reliable sources of labor (e.g., H2A program, internships, and apprenticeships). 3)Two surveys are being finalized - first study ascertains consumer perceptions on milk and second study on consumer willingness to pay for local milk. The surveys are being pre-tested and will be launched in December 2018. Data will be collected, analyzed and the results will presented at professional meetings, published in Extension publications and submitted as journal manuscripts 2. Library mobile internet surveys are underway and data is being collected. The results from the study will be presented at professional meetings, published in Extension publications and submitted as journal manuscripts.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Under Goals 1 and 2: a) In 2015, we estimated impacts of the agri-forestry industrial complex to the Tennessee economy. The complex contributed $81.8 billion to the economy with multiplier effects (12.8% of Tennessee's economic activity) and employed an estimated 351,164 individuals (9.2% of the total number of workers). Agriculture accounted for 9.0% of the state's economy and generated $57.6 billion in output and employed close to 250,000 Tennesseans, with over 96,000 (both full/part-time) in agricultural production. b) A study examined potential benefits to a region in Georgia (Macon area) from formation of an Ocmulgee National Park & Preserve (ONP&P). Including multiplier effects, the ONP&P was projected to 3,171.4 jobs, $86.7 million in labor income, $134.0 million in value-added, and $33.5 million in taxes (from both park operations and visitors' expenditures). c) Effects of two outbreaks, one highly pathogenic and one low pathogenic, of avian influenza reported in Tennessee poultry breeding flocks were analyzed. Affected farms were depopulated and a 6.2-mile control area was implemented. We modeled depopulation rates of 10, 15, and 25% in south-central Tennessee (9 counties). Estimated regional total economic impacts was $8.43 per bird, or $41.1 million, $61.6 million, and $102.7 million for the 10, 15, and 25% scenarios (excluded the processing, or value added, industries). d) The effects of China's tariffs on Tennessee' soybean production industry was estimated. Due to tariffs, the Trump administration announced payments to producers through the Market Facilitation Program (MFP), designed to partially offset decreases in soybean producer income from Chinese tariffs. This article estimated the economic impact of decreased soybean prices due to tariffs, and soybean MFP payments on 2018 soybean producer income and Tennessee's economy. A loss of producer income (when considering the MFP payments to producers) for Tennessee (with 75 % of soybean price decline attributed to tariffs) to be $21.2 million and $39.6 million with multiplier effects. These losses are for the 2018 crop and do not reflect long-term reductions in producer income and state economic activity. Under Goal 4: a) A report provides a valuation of water based on how Tennessee uses its water and economic activity associated with these uses. This valuation estimates water use in acre-feet per dollar of output for 536 economic sectors identified by the Impact Analysis for Planning (IMPLAN) model. The resulting water use coefficients can be used in an Input-Output model to evaluate linkages between industries and to help develop plans for sustainable water use. b) Southeast regional water demands were also analyzed. Demand curves at alternative supply levels both with and without interregional industry transactions were estimated. The S.E. U.S. is able to meet its final demand without inputs from outside of the S.E. U.S. until water availability decreases to 60% of its current withdrawal level, which is around 50 million acre feet in total. Transactions among regions can help to reduce water stress. The marginal value of water increases dramatically when restricted regional final demand is posed. c) An analysis was conducted for the cattle producers in the Eastern U.S. to examine the incentive structure needed to increase afforestation of marginal pastureland. Less than one-third of producers were interested in afforesting pasture. Producer interest was associated with beliefs about the on- and off-farm effects of afforestation, risk aversion, age, educational attainment, opportunity costs, forest ownership, and previous experience with afforestation. Willingness to participate in the program was influenced by the incentive offered, household income, and opportunity costs. Respondents willing to participate in the program were willing to afforest an average of 55 acres, given the incentive offered. Producers with larger farms were willing to enroll more acres. Extrapolating these results to the population of beef cattle producers in the eastern US provides a measure of the potential for pasture afforestation and carbon sequestration. d) Potential for biofuels and associated feedstocks expansion were examined. Pennycress, an oilseed plant with high oil content, is being considered as a second-generation biofuel feedstock. The plants lifecycle fits with traditional U.S. crop rotations. The study examines the economic feasibility of pennycress production, its potential to supply a renewable aviation industry and its potential impacts on the U.S. economy. Incorporating pennycress in U.S. crop rotations at a price of $0.20 per pound stimulates 22.1 million acres of pennycress to be planted, and increases harvested acreage of corn and soybeans by 3.2 % and 5.0 %, respectively. To produce 800+ million gallons of jet fuel, 22 HEFA facilities fed by 43 oil extraction facilities are required resulting in the addition of $19 billion to the nation's economy and nearly 66,000 jobs. e) An analysis evaluated the impacts of growth of a Southeast bio economy. If the S.E. U.S. meets the 10.5 billion gallons, annually, economic impacts will to the S.E. U.S. will be $48 billion with nearly ½ million jobs created if dedicated energy crops are used to create biofuels. In addition, an estimated one time shot to the economy of $65 billion will occur as a result of investment into the feedstock and Biorefineries that tops $36 billion. Under Goal 5: a) Consumer participation in the local food movement in the U.S. has grown in the past few decades. With increased interest in local foods by consumers, there has been growing interest on the part of animal farmers in finishing animals, harvesting them, and further processing to capture value-added that may occur from premium prices for local products. Using a list of farm-based retail meat holders provided by the Tennessee Department of Agriculture, a mail survey was conducted in Fall 2016. The farmers estimated their mean 2015 sales to be around $44,000 per year or a median of around $10,000. Farmers expected about 11.3 % growth in retail meat sales from 2015 to 2016. Many use multiple outlets to sell their products including farmers markets, direct sales, sales via the internet, wholesale and other outlets. Most farmers felt participation in the Tennessee Value-Added Beef Program had increased their sales, and nearly 48 % had made a one-time capital purchase as a result of their participation. On average, participation in value-added beef marketing programs increased sales by nearly $5,500. b) Studies of consumers' willingness to pay for local wines were conducted. These studies showed that consumers were willing to pay premiums for Muscadine, local wines, and local beef. Results show Tennessee wine consumers would pay a premium for a Tennessee muscadine, and red or white wines. Older females are more likely to anticipate purchasing Tennessee wine at grocery stores, convenience-oriented lower-income consumers at big box stores, and price-conscious consumers at warehouse clubs. c) Results from a survey of Tennessee beef consumers indicate steak consumers valued Tennessee Certified Beef more highly than all other individual attributes including Certified Angus Beef, grass fed, no hormones administered, and Master Quality Raised Beef. Results for ground beef showed consumers most highly valued the attributes no hormones administered and Tennessee Certified Beef. d) A study measured Tennessee cattle producer willingness to supply beef to a Tennessee branded beef (TBB) program from 2016 survey data. Over 70% were interested in participating. Age, income, production practices used, and risk attitudes influenced interest. Liveweight supply was influenced by producer age, animal units, production practices, and perceived barriers.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Claytor, H., Clark, C., D. Lambert, and K. Jensen, Cattle Producer Willingness to Afforest Pastureland and Sequester Carbon, Forest Policy and Economics. 92(2018): 43-54.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
DeLong, K. L., K. L. Jensen, A. P. Griffith, and E. McLeod. 2018. Beef Cattle Farmers Marketing Preferences for Selling Local Beef. Agribusiness: an International Journal. (in press).
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
English, Burton C., Kimberly L. Jensen, and Jamey Menard Diamonds in the Rough An Economic Analysis of the Proposed Ocmulgee National Park & Preserve. AIM-AG Report. January 2017.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
English, Burton C., Kimberly L. Jensen, and Jamey Menard. An Analysis of Potential Economic Impacts from the Proposed Ocmulgee National Park & Preserve. Summary technical report for the four documents comprising the Proposed Ocmulgee National Park & Preserve completed for the National Parks Conservation Association. AIM-AG Report. February 2017.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
English, Burton C., Kimberly L. Jensen, and Jamey Menard. An Analysis of Potential Economic Impacts from the Proposed Ocmulgee National Park & Preserve Project. Component III: Projections of New Business Additions and Project Component IV: Projections of Changes in Operating Budgets between the Baseline and National Park & Preserve Scenarios. AIM-AG Report. April 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
English, Burton, Kim Jensen, Jamey Menard, Andrew Griffith, Aaron Smith, and David Hughes. Estimated Economic Impacts from Avian Flu in Tennessee: 10 Percent, 15 Percent, and 25 Percent Infection Rate Scenarios. April 2017.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
English, Burton C., Evan L. Markel, R. Jamey Menard, and Chad Hellwinckel. Economic Impacts of Producing Renewable Aviation Fuel from Cover Crops: A Case Study Using Pennycress as the Feedstock. 4th International Conference on Green Energy and Expo, Las Vegas, NV. November 2017.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Everett, Connie Nichols, K. L. Jensen, C. Boyer, and D. W. Hughes. 2018. Consumers Willingness to Pay for Local Muscadine Wine. International Journal of Wine Business Research, vol:30, iss:1.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Everett, Connie, K. L. Jensen, D. W. Hughes, and C. Boyer. 2017. Consumer Willingness to Pay for Local Wines and Shopping Outlet Preferences. Journal of Food Distribution Research, November 2017 vol.48, iss. 3.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Hughes, David W. Hannah Wright, Sreedhar Upendram, Jamey Menard, S. Aaron Smith, Burt English, and Kimberly Jensen. Contribution of Agriculture to each individual county within Tennessee (95 outputs). W549-W643. June 2018.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Jensen, K., J. Menard, B. English, A. Griffith, D. Hughes, A. Smith, and E. Yu. Tennessees Agricultural and Forest Industries and Rural Economy, Chapter In An Economic Report To The Governor of The State of Tennessee. By M. Murray, W. Fox, M. Harris, L. Kessler, V. Cunnigham, and M. Glenn. UT Boyd Center for Business and Economic
Research, January 2018.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Jensen, Kimberly L., Burton C. English, and Jamey Menard. An Analysis of Potential Economic Impacts from the Proposed Ocmulgee National Park & Preserve Project. Component I: Projections of Economic Activity under a Baseline Scenario and Project Component II: Projections of Economic Activity under a National Park. AIM-AG Report. April 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Jensen, Kimberly L., Jamey Menard, and Burton C. English. An Analysis of Potential Economic Impacts from the Proposed Ocmulgee National Park & Preserve Project. Component V: Examination of Multi-Use Trail Model and Water Trail Model as Examples of Impacts for Major Recreational Features. AIM-AG Report. April 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Jensen, Kimberly L. Jamey Menard, and Burton C. English. An Analysis of Potential Economic Impacts from the Proposed Ocmulgee National Park & Preserve Project. Component VI: Gateway Communities and Vibrant Economies Proximity to National Parks as a Magnet for Attracting High Quality Economic Development. AIM-AG Report. April 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Jensen, Kimberly L., Burton C. English, Jamey Menard, and Christopher Clark. Analysis of Markets for Biofuels, Bioenergy, and Bio-based Products. The Great Experiment, Knoxville, TN, March 13-14. March 2017.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Jensen, Kimberly L., Jamey Menard, Robert Holland, and Susan Schnexayder. Analysis of Tennessee Farm-Based Retail Meat Permit Holders. July 2017.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
McLeod, E. K. L. Jensen, A. P. Griffith, and K. L. DeLong. 2018. Tennessee Beef Producers' Willingness to Participate in a State Branded Beef Program. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics. (in press)
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Menard, Jamey, Burton C. English, and Kimberly Jensen. Tennessee Ag Stats 2015: Economic Contributions of Agriculture and Forestry in Tennessee. Research Series 17-002. October 2017.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Menard, Jamey, Burton C. English, and Kimberly Jensen. Tennessee Ag Stats 2015: Economic Contributions of Agriculture and Forestry in Tennessee. Summary Pamphlet for Research Series Report 17-002. November 2017.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Merritt, M.G., K. L. DeLong, A. P. Griffith, and K. L. Jensen. 2018. Consumer Willingness to Pay for Tennessee Certified Beef. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 50(2):233-254.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Owen, Stephanie, Burton C. English, Dayton Lambert, R. Jamey Menard, Lixia He-Lambert, and Chris Clark. Determining Tennessee Water Use Coefficients. Departmental Research Series DRS-17-01.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Sheng, Di, Dayton M. Lambert, Burton C. English, Jamey Menard, Lixia He-Lambert, David W. Hughes, and Christopher Clark. A Multi-Regional Input-Output Linear Programming Model of Water Allocation in the Southeastern U.S. AAEA Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL. July 2017.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Smith, S. Aaron, R. Jamey Menard, and Burton C. English. Economic Impacts to Tennessee Soybean Producers and Regional Economies from Chinas 25 Percent Tariff on Soybeans. University of Tennessee Extension Publication, W782. September 2018.
|
Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17
Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience includes other academic professionals, policy makers, producers, producer groups, and agribusinesses. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?M.S. Thesis students worked on several of these studies as part of their M.S. thesis work. Presentations were also made at professional meetings. Dissemination-(a) Distribution to Extension and State Government officials statewide; (b) Distribution to Governor of TN; (c ) Presentation at a professional meetings; (d) Journal publications; ( e) Associated publication by Extension for industry use;(f)Worked with farmers How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Presentations at professional meetings, journal publications, distribution of publications related to economic impacts to agribusiness leaders across state, policy makers including Tennessee Department of Agriculture and Tennessee Governor, local foods industry participants, and other organizations including Tennessee Valley Authority. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?1) Completing the draft for the agricultural section for the Economic Report to the Governor again in January 2018; 2) Complete a study of marketing arrangements preferences by Tennessee farmers if they were to market a Tennessee Certified Beef with a journal publication, Extension publications are also planned from this study's results; 3) Complete a study of local wine shopping outlet with a journal publication; 4) Begin working on a study of consumer demand for biochar gardening products; 5) Begin working on the next economic impacts analysis of agri-forestry for the state of Tennessee; 6) In collaboration with University of Kentucky we developed and submitted a grant proposal entitled "Extending Roots of Fresh Stop Markets across the Southeast Region" to Southern SARE (Sustainable Agriculture Research & Education). Upon funding we will be able to evaluate the economic viability of new market opportunities for farmers in the southeast region. Specifically we will evaluate a new market model called Fresh Stop Markets. Fresh Stop Markets (FSMs) are "pop up" farm-fresh markets organized biweekly for 20 weeks during the season at local churches, community centers, and other public spaces in food insecure neighborhoods. FSMs provide local fresh produce to each market's shareholders on a sliding scale based on income. Unlike traditional community supported agriculture (CSA) schemes, there is no expectation for shareholders to purchase all shares in the beginning of the season, nor are they committed to participate in every market day. FSMs offer farmers a low-risk outlet which helps them diversify their marketing portfolios and transition from farmers' markets and CSAs to wholesale markets. FSMs also allow farmers to become active leaders in their community to build food systems that promote environmental stewardship and social equity.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Under Goal A, activities 1-2, an analysis of the economic impacts of Tennessee's agroforestry complex was conducted. Tennessee's agri-forestry industrial complex includes the primary industries typically associated with agriculture and forest operations such as growing crops, the breeding and feeding of livestock, along with the management and logging of trees. The industrial complex also includes both input supplying industries and value added-sub-sectors comprised of food and beverage manufacturing, apparel and textiles, and forestry products manufacturing. In 2015, the agri-forestry industrial complex directly and indirectly contributed $81.8 billion to the Tennessee economy accounting for multiplier effects, which was 12.8 percent of the economic activity conducted in the state. Under Goal A, activities 1-2, a study of the economic impacts of TVA shoreline recreational activity was completed. Surveys were conducted of shoreline property owners and recreational users to obtain expenditures at three TVA lakes (Norris, Chickamauga, and Watts Barr). Direct economic impacts are estimated for visitors to three TVA lakes along with expenditures by lakeshore owners. The total economic impacts include both those from these direct expenditures plus the multiplier effects that occur within the study region as a result of the initial expenditures. The study estimates a total economic impact of $11.91 billion in total industrial output, 130,503 jobs, $4.45 billion in labor income, and $916.5 million in state and local taxes as a result of recreation expenditures throughout the entire system of TVA reservoirs. Under Goal A, activities 1-2, a 2017 update to the study by The University of Tennessee's Dr. Burton English, R. Jamey Menard, and Kimberly Jensen showed Dollywood has already exceeded those levels after setting earnings records in each of the previous five years. It now is projected Dollywood's economic impact will exceed $1.84 billion annually by 2025 and will create more than 23 thousand direct, indirect and induced jobs in the region. Under Goal B, activities 4-5, several value-added beef research studies were conducted to ascertain farmers' willingness to supply an in-state slaughter facility or a branded product, types of sellers preferred, and profitability of retained ownership by beef cattle producers in the state. One study examined the effect of animal characteristics and placement decisions on retained ownership profitability of Tennessee cattle from 2005 to 2015 was determined using a mixed model regression. Ex post simulation analysis examined retained ownership profitability by placement season under different animal characteristic and corn price scenarios. Results indicate that placement weight, placement season, days on feed, animal health, and animal sex affect retained ownership profitability. Simulation results indicate that winter placement of cattle in feedlots had the highest expected retained ownership profits. Results provide risk-averse producers information regarding the profitability of retained ownership. A consumer study measured willingness to pay (WTP) for extrinsic attributes (Angus, local, DNA traceable, raised carbon friendly, and humanely treated cattle) in steak and ground beef using choice-based experiments from a national consumer survey. Belief that survey responses could have consequences on beef products offered by the steak and ground beef industry is investigated, as well as its effect on attribute WTP. For most attributes, belief in consequentiality increases WTP. Results suggest that although consequentiality believers tend to place greater importance on certain food industry issues, they are less certain about the attribute's provision actually effecting change in the industry. Another study examined Tennessee consumers' willingness to pay for Tennessee Certified Beef. While Tennessee has Advanced Master Beef Producer (AMBP) and Beef Quality Assurance (BQA) certifications for cattle producers, currently there is no state-certified beef labeling program. Results indicate consumers most valued TCB steak and no hormones administered ground beef. Consumers also valued many labels when appearing alongside the TCB label. Under Goal B, activities 4-5, two analysis of the Tennessee wine industry were conducted. The first focused on willingness to pay for muscadine wine. The study uses a 2015 survey of 500 wine consumers residing in Tennessee (TN). The survey presented respondents with a referendum choice experiment between a 'base' wine (represented by a North Carolina (NC) muscadine wine) and a TN muscadine wine. Older age, female that live in non-metro households with stronger preferences for local food and wine, and visiting a winery in the past year positively influence trying muscadines. Belief in potential for helping local growers and greater importance of wine origin positively influence TN muscadine choice. A premium WTP for a TN muscadine over a NC muscadine exists among TN consumers. The second focused on willingness to pay for Tennessee red or white wines and locations where shoppers might purchase these wines. Tennessee recently changed its wine-marketing laws to allow wine sales in food-retailing facilities, and industry implications are still emerging. Results show consumers would pay a premium for a Tennessee red or white wine. Older females are more likely to anticipate purchasing Tennessee wine at grocery stores, convenience-oriented lower-income consumers at big box stores, and price-conscious consumers at warehouse clubs. Under Goals B and C, activities 4-5, a survey of Tennessee producers regarding use of the internet, mobile websites, and apps was conducted. In the midst of increasing interest in locally grown foods two Knoxville residents (Jason Hanna and Doug McDaniel) with different backgrounds developed an idea to expand marketing opportunities for small local food farms in the Knoxville and Ashville region through an app (i.e., the Farm Spotter) aiming to connect small and medium-sized scale farms with wholesale and restaurant businesses. The University of Tennessee conducted a producer survey to evaluate local farmer's interest in using the Farm Spotter. Survey results suggest that although a large percentage of respondents seem to be interested in using the Farm Spotter services, only about a third of the respondents will be willing to pay for those services. An extension publication was to help beginning fruit and vegetable farmers in Tennessee and Virginia increase survival rates of their farm businesses by helping them better understand those factors the influence the long term sustainability of their farm businesses. A presentation was made to the Knox County Policy Council that includes mainly policy makers, non-profit organizations and concerned citizen using information from the extension publication mentioned above. Another presentation was targeted at Tennessee vegetable producers to help them evaluate the factors influencing the profitability of a vegetable farm business in Tennessee.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Jensen, K., J. Menard, B. English, A. Griffith, D. Hughes, A. Smith, and E. Yu. Tennessees Agricultural and Forest Industries and Rural Economy, Chapter In An Economic Report To The Governor of The State of Tennessee. By M. Murray, W. Fox, M. Harris, L. Kessler, V. Cunnigham, and M. Glenn. UT Boyd Center for Business and Economic Research, January 2017.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
English, B., J. Menard, and K. Jensen, 2017. Estimated Economic Impacts from Tennessee Valley Authoritys Chickamauga, Norris, and Watts Bar Reservoirs Shoreline Property Owners and Onsite Visitors Recreational Expenditures. AIM-AG Report April.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
English, B., J. Menard, and K. Jensen, 2017. Dollywood Economic Impacts Summary 2016.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Everett, C., K. Jensen, C. Boyer, and D. Hughes. Consumers Willingness to Pay for Local Muscadine Wine. International Journal of Wine Business Research, vol. 30, iss. 1, 2018 accepted, forthcoming.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Everett, C., K. Jensen, D. Hughes, and C. Boyer, Consumer Willingness to Pay for Local Wines and Shopping Outlet Preferences. Journal of Food Distribution Research. November 2017 vol.48, iss. 3.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Li, X., K. Jensen, C. Clark, and D. Lambert. "Consequentiality Beliefs and Consumer Valuation of Extrinsic Attributes in Beef" Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aae.2017.17. Published online: 15 August 2017
- Type:
Other
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Menard, J., B.C. English, and K. Jensen. Economic Contributions of Agriculture and Forestry in Tennessee, 2015. University of Tennessee, Institute of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, Agri-Industry Modeling & Analysis Group. Publication RS#17-002, October 2017.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Menard, J., B.C. English, and K. Jensen. Economic Contributions of Agriculture and Forestry in Tennessee, 2015. University of Tennessee, Institute of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, Agri-Industry Modeling & Analysis Group. November 2017.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
McLeod, E. Tennessee Beef Producers' Willingness to Participate in a Tennessee Branded Beef Program. May 2017. M.S. Thesis University of Tennessee.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Tang, M., K.E. Lewis, D.M. Lambert, C.N. Boyer, A.G. Griffith. 2017. Beef Cattle Retained Ownership and Profitability in Tennessee. Journal of Agriculture and Applied Economics, 49(4): 571591, doi:10.1017/aae.2017.12.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Velandia, M. The Use of Internet, Mobile Websites and Apps among Specialty Crop Farmers. (Farmer survey).
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Velandia, M., Trejo-Pech, C., Morris, D., Wszelaki, A., Niewolny, K., & MacAuley, L. 2017. Evaluating Financial and Economic Factors Contributing to the Sustainability of Beginning Farms in Tennessee and Virginia. Extension Publication W388, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture. Available at https://ag.tennessee.edu/arec/Documents/publications/W388SustainabilityofBeginningFarms.pdf
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Velandia, M. Evaluating Financial and Economic Factors Contributing to the Sustainability of Beginning Farms: Evidence from Five Farms in Tennessee and Virginia. Knoxville-Knox County Food Policy Council, April 20, 2017.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Velandia, M. True Costs and Profitability in Vegetable Production. Organic Field Day, October 26, 2017.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Merritt, M., K.E. DeLong, A.G. Griffith, and K.L. Jensen. 2018( in review) "Consumer Willingness to Pay for Tennessee Certified Beef" Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics.
|
Progress 10/28/15 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:The targeted audiences for the studies conducted under this project include: industry decision makers, policy makers, economic development professionals, government officials, and other industry participants. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?M.S.Thesis students worked on studies g and h.These publications are the result of their thesis work.Presentations were also made at professional meetings for regional sciences. Dissemination-(a) Distribution to Extension and State Government officials statewide; (b) Distribution to National Parks Conservation Assoc; (c)Presentation to TN Turfgrass Association meetings; (d) Distribution to Governor of TN; (e ) Presentation at a Regional Sciences Meeting and SunGrant Program participants; (f) Journal publication in submission; (g) Journal publication accepted. Associated publication by Extension for industry use;(h)Worked with farmers and other institutions in study which helped educate them on the costs and infrastructure associated with food hubs. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Distribution to Extension and State Government officials statewide Distribution to the National Parks Conservation Association Presentation to Tennessee Turfgrass Association meetings Distribution to the Governor of Tennessee Presentation at a Regional Sciences Meeting and SunGrant Program participants Journal publication in submission Journal publication accepted. Associated publication by Extension for industry use. Worked with farmers and other institutions in study which helped educate them on the costs and infrastructure associated with food hubs.We are proposing to conduct a one day training session in Knoxville based on this LFS Toolkit with the goal of guiding and enhancing the capacity of local organizations to make more deliberate and credible measurements of local and small-scale economic activity and other ancillary benefits. We hope this training will also help further the development of the local food system in Knoxville and the surrounding areas What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?1) Drafting the agricultural section for the Economic Report to the Governor again in January 2017; 2) Value-added beef project to ascertain farmers willingness to supply an in-state slaughter facility or a branded product.; 3) Local wine project with David Hughes(Extension) examine where retail food outlets where consumers may purchase TN wines; 4) A best practiceToolkitfor evaluating economic impacts of local food system activities is planned a basis for a one day training session in Knoxville; 5) After public release of TargetTN, additional feedback from researchers will be obtained; 6) Integrating a site selection locator model (e.g., Bioflame) with an agent-based modeling platform to determine the optimal location of facilities.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Under goal 1 of this project-Study (a) -This study evaluated the economic impacts of the agri-forestry industrial complex on Tennessee's economy.In 2013, Tennessee's economy totaled $582.6 billion and 3.7 million jobs.The agri?forestry industrial contributed $74.8 billion to the Tennessee (TN) economy (12.8 percent of the state's economic activity), and employed an estimated 349,398 individuals (9.4 percent of the total number of workers).Agriculture accounted for 9.0 percent of the state's economy and generated $52.6 billion in output and employed close to 254,000 Tennesseans, with over 109,000 (both full ? and part ?time) in agricultural production. Under goals 1, 2, and 5-Study (b) examined the potential economic impacts of formation of an Ocmulgee National Park and Preserve in central Georgia. An estimated $233.4 million in added annual economic activity is projected by 2031 from visitor expenditures and park operations. Under 1 and 4-Study (c) -This report focuses on economic indicators for three main areas related to the agri-forestry industrial complex: a) primary agriculture and forestry; b) secondary agriculture and forestry; and c) rural communities. Progress toward recommendations from The Governor's Rural Challenge are discussed. Under 1 and 2-Study (d) -Study examined economic impacts of turfgrass industries (sod producers; landscape, lawn, and sports turf companies (llsc); and golf courses).The industry contributed $5.8 billion to the state's economy overall. The economic activity from sod producers was $28 million; $359 million from llsc; and $499 million from golf courses. Based on percentage growth projections, projected values in 2013$ increase to $35.8 million for sod producers; $455.6 million for landscape, lawn maintenance, and sport turf; and decline to $451.6 million for turf care at golf courses.Under 1 and 2-Study (e) Congress authorized the SunGrant Initiative (SGI) in the 2002, 2008 and 2014 Farm Bills.Sun Grant efforts are supported with funds from the U.S.Departments of Energy; Agriculture; and Transportation.Funding was initiated in 2007. More than $73 million have been awarded to for over 300 research projects. Almost $20 million in cost-share have been allocated. Just over $43 million was awarded on competitive projects with a cost share of over $13 million.Attracting $90 million in Federal funds to the regions resulted in non-labor income impact to the economy of nearly $149 million and added nearly 1,000 jobs. An impact of $127 million occurs through payment of wages and salaries and their benefits.The total impact of the funding from the SGI is estimated at $276.3 million over the 2007-08 to 2014-2015 time periods.This economic activity added an estimated $173.9 million in RDP nationally. Under 5-Study (f) - This study evaluated the needs for a food hub to support demand (i.e., consumers) and supply (i.e., producers) of local foods as well as the services it should provide to increase the success of the local food system in the East TN region.The majority of the research conducted in this study was qualitative, consisting of interviews and focus groups of key stakeholders of a potential foodhub.We complement this information with a survey of chefs in the area.We recommended that a dedicated full-service food hub not be initiated at this time and that smaller incremental steps could be taken to increase the connections between existing supply and demand.We identified a need to better coordinate current demand and supply of locally grown foods.We suggested few alternatives to help develop transactional relationships between supply and demand that go beyond "matchmaking" such as establishing a local food system coordinator and the use of technology to connect supply and demand. Under 5-Study(g) The study identifies factors influencing likelihood of consumers willingness-to-pay (WTP) for an in-state produced muscadine wine. Belief in potential for helping local growers and greater importance of wine origin positively influence TN muscadine choice.A premium WTP for a TN muscadine over a NC muscadine exists among TN consumers (Worked with UT Extension faculty, D. Hughes). Under 5-Study(h) This study WTP for beef produced in TN. Consumers who prefer grain-fed, flavorful beef are willing to pay more for TN beef steaks, while price conscious consumers and those who shop at big box stores are willing to pay less. Consumers who value freshness, safety, and natural products are willing to pay more for TN ground beef .Preferences for grass-fed beef, lower prices, and ease of preparation influence the types of outlets where consumers anticipate purchasing TN beef products. Under 5-Study (i) provides a framework for future applied research studies providing economic feasibility information for local food systems development. We identified ten research and extension priorities for LFS in the south, from the perspective of agricultural economics and risk management. Under 6- Project will develop a geo-spatial framework for agriculture that serves as a central repository for spatial data while also opening up web-based mapping tools to other researchers and the general public.Infrastructure was built for such a framework and is running on a server hosted by the university.The open source system provides an enterprise spatial database, web mapping services, and is scalable for future needs.One web mapping application has been developed that will be released to the general public before the end of the year and a number of additional in-house and public applications are in the planning stages.The first application utilizing the new framework, TargetTN, allows users to select a location in TN, specify a buffer or "target" area around the location, and then generate a demographic report for the area. Under 1-Two studies (j, k) examined economic impacts of biofuels industry development. The first found for SE US that net changes in employment and value added to the regional economy are positive, but modest. The second found a short rotation woody crop-pyrolysis biofuel industry would shift agricultural land typically used to produce hay, oats, barley, and pasture to produce woody biomass feedstock for the production of drop-in fuels by pyrolysis. If the 100% target is met, the southern states would add over 350,000 jobs and increase economic activity by $37 billion.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
(b) Burton C. English, Kimberly Jensen, and Jamey Menard. January 2016. An Analysis of Potential Economic Impacts from an Ocmulgee National Park & Preserve. Summary Technical Report to National Parks Conservation Association. Agri-Industry Modeling & Analysis Group Publication. Dept. of Ag. and Resource Economics, The University of Tennessee.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
(c) Kimberly Jensen, Jamey Menard, Burton English, Andrew Griffith, Aaron Smith, and Edward Yu. January 2016. Tennessees Agricultural and Forest Industries and Rural Economy. Section 2.5 in An Economic Report to the Governor of the State of Tennessee by Matthew Murray, Center for Business and Economic Research. The University of Tennessee.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
(d) Kimberly L. Jensen, Burton C. English, R. Jamey Menard, Christoperher Boyer, and Jim Brosnan. May 2016. Analysis of the Economic Impacts of Tennessees Turfgrass Industry and Perceptions of Future Growth. Paper for 2016 IMPLAN Conference and Mid-Continent Regional Science Association Proceedings.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
(e) Burton C. English, Kim Jensen, Jamey Menard, Jessica McCord, and Tim Rials, Analysis of Economic Impacts from Sun Grant Program Funded Projects, Mid-Continent Regional Science Associations 47th Annual Conference in Charlotte NC on June 11, 2016 (Proceedings Forthcoming) at http://mcrsa.org/conferenceproceedingspresentations.html.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
(f) Chad Hellwinckel, and Margarita Velandia. March 2016. Knoxville Regional Food Hub Feasibility Study. Final Report. The University of Tennessee, Institute of Agriculture and Knoxville Knox County Metropolitan Planning Commission.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
(g) Connie Everett, Kim Jensen, Chris Boyer, and David Hughes. Consumers Willingness to Pay for Local Muscadine Wine. Manuscript submitted to International Journal of Wine Business Research, 2016.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
(a) Jamey Menard, Burton English, and Kim Jensen. September 2016. Economic Impacts of Agriculture and Forestry in Tennessee, 2013. Agri-Industry Modeling & Analysis Group Publication. Dept. of Ag. and Resource Economics, The University of Tennessee.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
(h) Leah Moore Dobbs, Kimberly L. Jensen, Megan Bruch Leffew, Burton C. English, Dayton M. Lambert, and Christopher D. Clark. Consumer Willingness to Pay for Tennessee Beef. Journal of Food Distribution Research. July 2016. https://www.fdrsinc.org/newsletters/2016-07/i47v2.pdf.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
(i) Velandia, M., T. Woods, E. Bendfeldt, J. Lelekacs, R. Holcomb, M. Palma, D. Lamie, R. Dunning, L. Meyer, H.L. Goodwin Jr., R. Rainey, A. Collart, and D. Fields. March 2016. Opportunities for Local Food Systems Research and Extension in the South A Land Grant University Initiative. Journal of Food Distribution Research 47 (1): 73 - 75.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
(j) Lambert, DM, BC English, RJ Menard, B Wilson. 2016. Regional Economic Impacts of Biochemical and Pyrolysis Biofuel Production in the Southeastern US: A Systems Modeling Approach. Agricultural Sciences, 7(6):407-419, http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/as.2016.76042.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
(k) Lambert, DM, BC English, RJ Menard, B Wilson, KL Jensen, TE Yu. 2016. Ex-Ante Economics Impacts of a Short Rotation Woody Crop-Pyrolysis Biofuel Industry on the Southeastern US Economy. In Auburn Speaks: On Biofuel, S Taylor, editor. Auburn University Press, Auburn, AL.
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