Source: WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY submitted to NRP
CONTROL OF BACTERIAL RNA STRUCTURES AND SYMBIOTIC NITROGEN FIXATION
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1007920
Grant No.
2016-67011-24689
Cumulative Award Amt.
$79,000.00
Proposal No.
2015-03431
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Dec 15, 2015
Project End Date
Dec 14, 2018
Grant Year
2016
Program Code
[A7101]- AFRI Predoctoral Fellowships
Recipient Organization
WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY
240 FRENCH ADMINISTRATION BLDG
PULLMAN,WA 99164-0001
Performing Department
Grant and Research Development
Non Technical Summary
Rhizobia can reduce (fix) atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia in a symbiotic association with legumes. Because the limited amount of fixed nitrogen very often limits plant growth, these associations often occupy foundational positions in natural ecosystems and are very important in traditional forms of agriculture. Increasing the utility of nitrogen-fixing symbioses is one way of changing the current dependence of agriculture on industrial nitrogen fertilizers, a practice that generates a number of types of pollution, from soil acidity to atmospheric greenhouse gas generation and ozone destruction. Establishing an effective symbiosis requires the development of root nodules, unique symbiotic organs in which the specialized metabolism of nitrogen fixation, nitrogen assimilation and transport can take place. Both the plant and bacteria change during nodule development. Recent work has shown that members of the CspA family of bacterial RNA binding proteins are highly regulated during symbiotic development. The CspA family is named for the archetypal Cold Shock Proteins, but it is clear that the striking changes in CspA family gene expression during nodule development are not a response to cold stress and suggests instead that their induction/repression is a programmed way of controlling gene expression. In preliminary studies we have found that the set of RNAs that co-purified with different Sinorhizobium meliloti CspA homologs after heterologous expression in E. coli were distinct and were significantly enriched for regulatory RNA sequences containing base paired stem-loop structures. These data support a hypothesis in which riboregulation mediated by different CspA family proteins participates in symbiotic development through their interaction with specific stress or environmentally responsive RNAs. We will specifically address what RNA molecules CspA proteins modulate and how CspA function influences gene expression during symbiosis. Achievement of the proposed aims will begin to define mechanisms of CspA homolog function in rhizobia and expand the current understanding of gene regulation and stress response mechanisms in symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Application of this understanding is critical in ameliorating the financial and environmental cost of industrial nitrogen fertilizer use and is essential to meet future agricultural needs.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
100%
Applied
(N/A)
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
20316401040100%
Goals / Objectives
The goal of this project is to further the understanding of symbiotic nitrogen fixation by elucidating the mechanism of CspA mediated riboregulation as it relates to changes in bacterial development during the maturation of the symbiotic relationship between nitrogen-fixing rhizobia and legumes. To achieve this goal we will employ the following specific aims:1. Establishing connections between CspA family members and potential target RNAs.2. Determining how CspA proteins influence symbiosis and gene expression.3. Investigating control of CspA family protein expression.
Project Methods
Establishing connections between CspA family members and potential target RNAs. We will identify CspA protein - RNA interactions that occur during symbiosis by:1. immunoprecipitating S. meliloti GFP-tagged CspA family proteins from free-living cells grown under different conditions and in nodules to identify and quantify bound RNAs using Illumina RNA sequencing. Initial focus will be on CspA2, A4 and A5. We will also isolate nodule RNA, then trap and sequence the RNA subpopulations that bind isolated CspA proteins.2. characterizing interactions identified through the above approaches using solution binding and EMSA assays.Determining how CspA proteins influence symbiosis and gene expression. We will:1. introduce cspA2, cspA4, and cspA5 deletions into S. meliloti by homologous recombination.2. determine the symbiotic and free-living phenotypes of the deletion mutants.3. analyze global gene expression patterns in deletion mutants by Illumina RNA sequencing.Investigating control of CspA family protein expression. We will:1. examine expression of CspA protein-reporter gene fusions in root nodules and in free-living cells to try and mimic ex planta the inducing/repressing conditions of the developing nodule.2. obtain and characterize mutants that alter expression of CspA-reporter gene fusions ex planta.

Progress 12/15/15 to 12/14/18

Outputs
Target Audience:Presented reasearch findings at departmental seminar series reaching fellow undergraduate, graduate, post-docotoral fellows. Presented Poster at WSU Research Showcase to the general public, undergraduate and graduate students, postdocs, and professors from a broad range of fields. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?2 manuscripts have been prepared and submitted What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? 1. CspA interacting RNAs were identified and validated in vitro through development of a novel fluorescent RNA binding assay. 2. CspA Deletion strains were generated and found to result in delayed nodule maturation in symbiosis with alfalfa. Transcriptomic analysis of deletion strains under free-living and symbiotic conditions revealed altered levels of interacting sRNAs, in some cases located upstream of key stress responsive transcriptional regulators. 3. CspA family protein levels were found to have stress responsive expression as well as symbiotic developmental stage specific expression

Publications


    Progress 12/15/16 to 12/14/17

    Outputs
    Target Audience:Presented reasearch findings at departmental seminar series reaching fellow undergraduate, graduate, post-docotoral fellows. Presented Poster at WSU Research Showcase to the general public, undergraduate and graduate students, post-docs, and professors from a broad range of fields. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?2 manuscripts are under review at respected journals in the field. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Our goal for the next reporting peroid is to see the 2 manuscripts under review through to publication.

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? 1. CspA interacting RNAs were identified and validated in vitro through development of a novel fluorescent RNA binding assay. 2. CspA Deletion strains were generated and found to result in delayed nodule maturation in symbiosis with alfalfa. Transcriptomic analysis of deletion strains under free-living and symbiotic conditions revealed altered levels of interacting sRNAs, in some cases located upstream of key stress responsive transcriptional regulators. 3. CspA family protein levels were found to have stress responsive expression as well as symbiotic developmental stage specific expression

    Publications


      Progress 12/15/15 to 12/14/16

      Outputs
      Target Audience:Mentored / trained an undergraduate student who presented his work to fellow agricultural students and scientists at a departmental seminar.Attended the EMBO RNA Structure Meets Function workshop in Stockhom Sweden and shared research findings with fellow RNA scientists, attended USDA AFRI ELI Project Directors meeting in Washington DC and shared research with fellow Project Directors, Presented reasearch findings at departmental seminar series reaching fellow undergraduate, graduate, post-docotoral fellows. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Attended EMBO RNA Structure Meets Function Workshop in Stockholm, Sweden. Attended USDA AFRI ELI Project directors meeting in Washingotn D.C.. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Work was presented locally at Washington State University through a departmental seminar. Work was presented internationally through a poster presentation at ainternational workshop in Stockhom, Sweden What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We plan to publish a manscript with our CspA expression and deletion phenotype data. We plan to publish a manuscript with our Identification of CspA RNA targets. We plan to further our investigation into CspA control of gene expression through identifiying significant changes at the transcript and protein level in our deletion mutants.

      Impacts
      What was accomplished under these goals? 1. We identified CspA interacting RNAs by immunoprecipitation of native GFP-tagged proteins followed by RNA sequencing. We identified novel interactios between CspAs and a unique sRNA family and confirmed these interactions in vitro. 2. We generated rhizobial CspA deletion strains and determined that a double mutantstrain is symbiotically less effective due to delayednodule maturation. 3. We indentified specific abiotic stresses that significantly change expression of CspAs under free-living conditions using a fluorescent reporter system.

      Publications