Progress 05/15/15 to 05/14/17
Outputs
Target Audience:Our target audience reached during the life of the projectincludes producers, extension agents, extension specialists, and research scientists in the southeastern region, particularly in Florida and Georgia. We also interacted with industry representatives from the Sesaco company - the primary supplier of seed and marketer of sesame in the U.S. The publication of a comprehensive review of sesame production capacity in the southeast reached from global regions, including Africa and India. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Opportunities for professional development have been provided to the graduate student and associated technical associate on the project. Both individuals have given presentations at grower field days, industry meetings, and extension personnel meetings. The audiences have included growers in both GA and FL. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?A website has been established (http://agronomy.ifas.ufl.edu/uf-farm/uf-sesame/) that provides updates on research activities and results. Numerous grower meetings have been held in FL and GA. Written materials were prepared and disseminated during these meetings to provide an overview of the research results to date for the region. Specific events include: Grower, industry, researcher meeting. Sesame: An emerging crop in Southeast. Ag Solutions Day: Technological Innovations for Sustainable Agriculture in the Southeast. Orange Beach, AL. 8/10/2015. Poster Field days. Sesame irrigation and nitrogen rate research. Peanut, Corn and Sesame BMP Field Day. Attendance: 86. Live Oak, FL. 08/17/2015. Sesame: a new option for your rotation. North Florida Research and Education Center Field Day. Marianna, FL. 08/11/2016. Sesame Production Workshop. Live Oak, FL. 05/11/2015. Attendance: 7. Scientific papers either published or in preparation, including: a literature review paper on sesame (the literature on sesame is rather scarce and no review is available, but several researchers have voiced an interest in utilizing a review paper for their ongoing research efforts); a research paper on plant spacing and planting date trials; sesame nitrogen budget results from A. Couch's thesis research as well as A.Vaccaro's thesis research. Panhandle News article with national coverage http://nwdistrict.ifas.ufl.edu/phag/2014/10/10/sesame-production-a-new-crop-for-florida/ and http://nwdistrict.ifas.ufl.edu/phag/2016/09/23/sesamefarm-a-new-irrigation-scheduling-model-for-sesame-production/ What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
1. Research trials were established, maintained, and appropriate research activities were completed in two field trials in Live Oak, FL. These trials were managed by the associated graduate student (a National Needs Fellow), Anastasia Vaccaro. Trial 1 involved a factorial trial of irrigation, nitrogen application rate, and sesame cultivar. Specifically, the treatments consisted of 3 rates of irrigation (rainfed, 50% and 100% irrigation as determined by our SesameFARM model designed under this project); 3 rates of nitrogen (34, 67 and 101 kg/ha); and 2 varieties (Sesaco32 and Sesaco38). Measurements included: soil moisture, weather data, agronomic traits, OJIP chlorophyll fluorescence, seasonal LAI andSPAD, yield, and seed quality parameters. Results: only nitrogen rate and cultivar had an effect on yield, and only in 2016. Overall, there werevery few significanteffects of any of the treatments or their interactions on the agronomic traitsNitrogen rate and Irrigation had an effect on SPAD but only in 2016. LAI wasn'taffected consistently across years by any of the treatments or their interactions. These results highlightedthe plasticity of sesameas there were little to no differences in the behavior of the crop when exposed to constrasted and limited water and nutrient environments. Trial 2 involved a completely rainfed experiment aimed at determining the most appropriate application times for nitrogen to insure the highest nitrogen use efficiency. Treatments included a total of 67kg/ha nitrogen split between an application at planting and one at first bloom in five different ratios: 100% at planting and 0% at 1st bloom, 50%-50%, 1/3 - 2/3, 2/3 - 1/3, 0 - 100%. Measurements included phenological data, cholorphyll fluorescence,yield, and seed quality. Results: No effect of the split application on LAI, but there were differences in response from some of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. However these differences were not translated in significantly differentyield levels between the different nitrogen splits, highlighting the plasticity of sesame as a crop to keep its yield levels up even with drastically different timings in nitrogen application. 2. Research trials were established, maintained, and appropriate research activities were completed in Tifton, GA. The trials included two field sites with factorial design including: 2 varieties (Sesaco32 and Sesaco38) and 3 nitrogen application rates (34, 67 and 101 kg/ha). Measurements included phenological traits,seasonal LAI and SPAD, yield, and seed quality. Results: No effect of the nitrogen treatment on yield nor any of the phenological traits. Only a significant difference was seen between the varieties in their height to first capsule (S38 had higher capsules), number of nodes (S32 had more nodes) and S38 had more branches than S32 for 67 and 101 kgN/ha. 3. The creation of an irrigation and harvest determination model called SesameFARM and based on Growing Degree-Days accumulation, crop coefficient, and weather data was accomplished and utilized to schedule irrigation in the trials in FL and GA. The model provided a daily irrigation recommendation. A digital version of the model is available upon request.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Couch A., Jani A., Mulvaney M., Hochmuth G., Bennett J., Gloaguen R., Langham R. and Rowland D. 2017. Nitrogen accumulation, partitioning, and remobilization by diverse sesame cultivars in the humid southeastern USA. Field Crops Research, 203:55-64.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Couch A., Gloaguen R., Langham D.R., Hochmuth G.J., Bennett J.M. and Rowland D.L. 2017. Non-dehiscent sesame (Sesamum indicum L.): its unique production potential and expansion into the southeastern USA. Journal of Crop Improvement, 31(2):101-172.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Vaccaro A. 2017. THE EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND IRRIGATION APPLICATION RATES AND TIMINGS IN TWO CULTIVARS OF SESAME (SESAMUM INDICUM L.) IN A FLORIDA FIELD SETTING. M.S. Thesis, University of Florida, Agronomy Department.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
[IN PREPARATION]Gloaguen, R., Byrd S., Rowland D., Langham D.R. Determining the agronomic potential of sesame in the Southeastern U.S.: effects of planting date and row spacing on yield and phenotypic traits.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
[IN PREPARATION]Couch A., Gloaguen R., Rowland D., Bennett J., Hochmuth G., Van Santen E. Differences in rooting traits and architecture between six sesame cultivars grown in the Southeastern U.S.
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Progress 05/15/15 to 05/14/16
Outputs
Target Audience:Our target audience reached during this reporting periodincludes producers, extension agents, extension specialists, and research scientists in the southeastern region, particularly in Florida and Georgia. We also interacted with industry representatives from the Sesaco company - the primary supplier of seed and marketer of sesame in the U.S. The following efforts were completed during the reporting period for reaching this target audience: Broadcast Interview: Rowland, D., A. Couch, and A. Vaccaro. Interviewed by Taryn Renz. WUFT News and Public Media for North Central Florida. Radio. Aired 10/16/2015. Published Interview: Rowland, D., and A. Couch. Interviewed by Kimberly Moore Wilmoth. Ag Professional. North Florida Farmers are using sesame as a rotation crop. http://www.agprofessional.com/news/north-florida-farmers-are-using-sesame-rotation-crop. Published 10/01/2015 Outreach Presentations: Couch, A. Certified Crop Advisors Training. Sesame Production in Florida. Provided a one hour training on sesame production for continuing education credits for a professional organization. Attendance: over 70 professionals. 10/14/2015 Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Opportunities for professional development have been provided to the graduate student and associated technical associate on the project. Both individuals have given presentations at grower field days, industry meetings, and extension personnel meetings. The audiences have included growers in both GA and FL. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?A website has been established (http://agronomy.ifas.ufl.edu/uf-farm/uf-sesame/) that provides updates on research activities and results. Numerous grower meetings have been held in FL and GA. Written materials were prepared and disseminated during these meetings to provide an overview of the research results to date for the region. Specific events include: Grower, industry, researcher meeting.Sesame: An emerging crop in Southeast.Ag Solutions Day: Technological Innovations for Sustainable Agriculture in the Southeast.Orange Beach, AL.8/10/2015. Poster Field day.Sesame irrigation and nitrogen rate research. Peanut, Corn and Sesame BMP Field Day. Attendance: 86. Live Oak, FL. 08/17/2015 Sesame Production Workshop. Live Oak, FL. 05/11/2015. Attendance: 7. Scientific papers are in preparation including: a literature review paper on sesame (the literature on sesame is rather scarce and no review is available, but several researchers have voiced an interest in utilizing a review paper for their ongoing research efforts); plant spacing trials; planting date trials; sesame nitrogen budget results from A. Couch thesis research. Panhandle News article with national coverage (http://nwdistrict.ifas.ufl.edu/phag/2014/10/10/sesame-production-a-new-crop-for-florida/). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Both Live Oak and Georgia's trials will be continued for a second year in 2016. The irrigation and harvest decision support model is still in its beta version. A first draft of an online version should be released during the season. Additionally, the measurements taken during the 2016 growing seasons will help define more accurately the GDD accumulated between each growing stage of the crop. This should help gain accuracy on the model's prediction. Development of a website for the Rowland lab linked to the existing website will contain all information in relation to sesame that will be completely accessible: results and pictures of the trials; measurement tutorials; running reports of field conditions noted. Others growers meeting will be held during and at the end of the growing season in 2016.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
1. Research trials were established, maintained, and appropriate research activities were completed in two field trials in Live Oak, FL. These trials were managed by the associated graduate student (a National Needs Fellow), Anastasia Vaccaro. Trial 1 involved a factorial trial of irrigation, nitrogen application rate, and sesame cultivar. Specifically, the treatments consisted of 3 rates of irrigation (rainfed, 50% and 100% irrigation as determined by our decision support system designed under this project); 3 rates of nitrogen (34, 67 and 101 kg/ha); and 2 varieties (Sesaco32 and Sesaco38). Measurements included: soil moisture, climate data, phenological measurements, OJIP chlorophyll fluorescence, NDVI, yield, acid value, and other quality parameters. Results: No effect of any of the treatments on yield for both varieties. Trial 2 involved a completely rainfed experiment aimed at determining the most appropriate application times for nitrogen to insure the highest nitrogen use efficiency. Treatments included a total of 67kg/ha nitrogen split between an application at planting and one at first bloom in five different ratios: 100% at planting and 0% at 1st bloom, 50%-50%, 1/3 - 2/3, 2/3 - 1/3, 0 - 100%. Measurements included phenological data, yield, and quality. Results: No effect of split application on yields. 2. Research trials were established, maintained, and appropriate research activities were completed in Tifton, GA. The trials included two field sites with factorial design including: 2 varieties (Sesaco32 and Sesaco38) and 3 nitrogen application rates (34, 67 and 101 kg/ha). Measurements included phenological traits, seasonal LAI, yield, and grade. Results: No effect of the nitrogen treatment on yield nor any of the phenological traits. Only a significant difference was seen between the varieties in their height to first capsule (S38 had higher capsules), number of nodes (S32 had more nodes) and S38 had more branches than S32 for 67 and 101 kgN/ha. 3. The creation of an irrigation and harvest determination model based on Growing Degree-Days accumulation, crop coefficient, and weather data was accomplished and utilized to schedule irrigation in the trials in FL and GA. The model provided a daily irrigation recommendation. The algorithm has been translated into a spreadsheet format and sent to a web designer for eventual launch on the web- and smartphone based platform called CropFARM (Crop Field Agronomic Resource Management).
Publications
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Couch, A. 2015. PLANT MORPHOLOGY, YIELD, AND NITROGEN ACCUMULATION BY SESAME (SESAMUM INDICUM L.) GROWN IN NORTH CENTRAL FLORIDA UNDER STANDARD AGRONOMIC PRACTICES. M.S. Thesis, University of Florida, Soil and Water Science Department.
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