Progress 03/11/15 to 09/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience: Grain Growers Grain Processors Scientist/Engineers Extension Agents Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Arkansas State Future Farmers of America Career Development Event, Apr.13th., 2018 100 high school students attended Supported undergraduate student recruitment drive Helped designed test queries: 2018 MATH PRACTICUM testing Provided guidance for 2019 MATH PRACTICUM testing Facilitated product development exercises and competitions Annual Industry Alliance Meetings courtesy of the University of Arkansas Rice Processing Program: May 2018; Approx. 100 participants Technology & equipment DEMOs: Cabling technology for grain drying and storage Grain cooling/chilling technology Wireless cables for easy grain moisture content monitoring Annual Educational Conference (courtersy of Arkansas Association of Food Protection Event had attendees representing at least 20 food companies Fayetteville [September 17-20 2018] Rallied mainstream companies (3D Inc.) to donate prizes for winners at a student poster competition ($500). Conducted mini symposium to disseminate research results Partnership in USDA HEC 2017 Awarded Multistate grant ($30,000) with 5 institutions Collaborating on an awarded grant to plan "Training the next generation of leaders for transforming grain industry". Partnering with universities (Purdue, Iowa State, and Kentucky), and the U.S. Quality Grains Consortium (NC-213). To develop a large-scale comprehensive initiative for submission to the 2019 Higher Education Challenge grant program. Interdisciplinary/international collaborations/Network of collaborators Prof Frank Devlieghere, Ghent University Belgium collaboration: Hosted visiting MS student from Ghent University Belgium in an interdisciplinary interdepartmental research collaboration Prof Hongrui Jiang, Guangxi University China collaboration: Hosted visiting graduate student, Zonghui Zhou (of the Institute of Light Industry and Food Engineering Guangxi University China). University of Arkansas Co-operate Extension: With extension Engineer, Dr. Sammy Sadaka to generate extension factsheets Arkansas State University: With Entomologist, Dr. Tanja McKay Member of the Rice Processing Program at the University of Arkansas Other faculty at the University of Arkansas: Drs. Frank Carbonero, Steve Ricke of the Food Science department and Jin-Woo Kin of Biological and Agricultural Engineering department, and Burt Bluhm of Plant Pathology in research causes that mutually benefit our programs; especially to access biosafety Level 2 requirements. Arkansas Association of Food Protection: Symposium organization to interface with industry, identify relevant research problems, and disseminate research finding. Equipment manufacturers, growers and grain processing allied companies: with AP Innovations Inc., Florenden Farms, FrigorTech Inc., and Valley View Inc. Grain School instruction and consultancy, Intellifarms University, Archie, MO (May 31, 2018)/ 20 (growers, producers & new company employees and students) Instruction on topics in grain storage management - 5 modules How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Invited talks Presentations at international and local conferences Publications in peer reviewed journals What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Developed new one-pass drying technology for rice: Smith D, Atungulu GG*. 2018. Impact of Drying Deep Beds of Rice With Microwave Set At 915 MHz Frequency on Rice Microbial Community Responses. Cereal Chemistry, 95(1), 130-140. https://doi.org/10.1002/cche.10018 Smith D, Atungulu GG,* Sadaka S, Rogers S. 2018. Implications of Microwave Drying Using 915 MHz Frequency on Rice Physicochemical Properties. Cereal Chemistry, 95(2), 211-225 (https://doi.org/10.1002/cche.10012). Olatunde G, Atungulu GG*. 2018. Milling behavior and microstructure of rice dried using microwave set at 915 MHz frequency. Journal of Cereal Science, 80 (2018)167-173 doi: 10.1016/j.jcs.2018.02.008. Collaborated with other researchers to explore alternative technology of using fluidization to improve drying rate for rice: Luthra K, Sadaka S*, Atungulu GG. 2018. Exploration of Rough Rice Head Yield Subjected To Drying and Retention Durations in A Fluidized Bed System. American Society of Biological and agricultural Engineers, Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 34(5):877-885. https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.12925 Explored utilization of rice husk as a medium to facilitate gentle drying of rice: Sadaka S*, Atungulu GG. 2018. Drying of Rough Rice Using Heated Husk for Heat Transfer and Moisture Adsorption. Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 34(3). 605-615. https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.12739.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
i. Bruce RM, Atungulu GG*. 2018. Assessment of pasting characteristics of size fractionated industrial parboiled and non-parboiled broken rice. Cereal Chemistry, 95(6), 889⿿899. DOI: 10.1002/cche.10107
ii. Smith D, Atungulu GG*. 2018. Impact of Drying Deep Beds of Rice With Microwave Set At 915 MHz Frequency on Rice Microbial Community Responses. Cereal Chemistry, 95(1), 130-140. https://doi.org/10.1002/cche.10018
iii. Smith D, Atungulu GG,* Sadaka S, Rogers S. 2018. Implications of Microwave Drying Using 915 MHz Frequency on Rice Physicochemical Properties. Cereal Chemistry, 95(2), 211-225 (https://doi.org/10.1002/cche.10012).
iv. Olatunde G, Atungulu GG*. 2018. Milling behavior and microstructure of rice dried using microwave set at 915 MHz frequency. Journal of Cereal Science, 80 (2018)167-173 doi: 10.1016/j.jcs.2018.02.008.
v. Sadaka S*, Atungulu GG. (2018). Grain Sorghum Drying Kinetics under Isothermal Conditions Using Thermogravimetric Analyzer. BioResources, 13(1), 1534-1547.
vi. Xu F*, Zhang J, Wang Z, Yao Y, Atungulu GG, Ju X, Wang L. 2018. Absorption and Metabolism of Peptide WDHHAPQLR Derived from Rapeseed Protein and Inhibition of HUVECs Apoptosis under Oxidative Stress. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2018, 66, 5178?5189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01620.
vii. Sadaka S*, Atungulu GG. 2018. Drying of Rough Rice Using Heated Husk for Heat Transfer and Moisture Adsorption. Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 34(3). 605-615. https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.12739.
ix. Luthra K, Sadaka S*, Atungulu GG. 2018. Exploration of Rough Rice Head Yield Subjected To Drying and Retention Durations in A Fluidized Bed System. American Society of Biological and agricultural Engineers, Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 34(5):877-885. https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.12925
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Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17
Outputs
Target Audience:Ag Process Engineers and Research Scientist, Food Engineers, Graduate Research Students, Grain growers & Processors Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Organized a workshop with Equipment Demo to industry folks: "Moisture in Foods vs. Accelerated Shelf Life Determination with the VSA". The workshop was done in conjunction with The Meter Group Inc.; courtesy of the Arkansas Association for Food Protection at the Annual Educational Conference, September 19-21, 2017 (Holiday Inn Convention Center, Springdale, Ark.). Organize a Pet Food and Animal Feed Safety Mini-symposium courtesy of the Arkansas Association for Food Protection, Annual Educational Conference, September 19-21, 2017. Holiday Inn Convention Center, Springdale, Ark. Organized a student poster competition courtesy of the Arkansas Association for Food Protection, Annual Educational Conference, September 19-21, 2017. Holiday Inn Convention Center, Springdale, Ark.; rallied two company (Cherney Microbiological Services and 3D Corporate Solutions) to donate $450 towards prizes for winner at the student poster competition; My students had opportunity to disseminate some of our research results to the companies in attendance specifically to interest industry folks to support our research activities. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Institute of Food Technologist (IFT) interview: The interview featured my research on IFT website and the IFT magazine [Inside Academia - section, pg. 22 August 2017 Issue]. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Perform investigations in the following: Development of drying and decontamination strategies to prevent mycotoxins in corn Selectivity of Infrared Heat Treatment on Inactivation of Mycotoxigenic Fungi Development of one-pass drying technology for rice
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
a. Optimize a scaled-up infrared (IR) heating process to maximize drying rate and inactivation of mycotoxin producing fungi, especially those responsible for aflatoxin - a known carcinogen that pose health hazards to human and animal consumers of corn and co-products. The past one year, for the first time, full scale and continuous drying runs using IR heat commenced for corn crop harvested at 21-23% moisture content (MC) wet basis. Test runs were performed with the grain fed on the conveyor belt at varied depths [1.8'' (4.5 cm); 0.6'' (1.5cm)]. To convey corn samples at different bed thicknesses through the IR dryer, an adjustable hopper was constructed. The hopper was used to meter corn of desired thickness onto the belt for conveying through the heating zone. At this point, it is envisioned that the IR drying process still needs to be investigated further to optimize key parameters which include air recirculation rate in the heating zone, conveyor belt configuration (solid or perforated), grain-bed thickness vs. IR intensity, and incoming grain moisture content vs. feeding rate. These factors need to be evaluated against drying rates, fungal inactivation, and aflatoxin accumulation on corn post-treatment. In the absence of such knowledge, it may be a challenge to scale up the technology for field operations and treated products may remain susceptible to aflatoxin contamination. Going forward, we will continue to conduct experiments at multiple feeding rates/corn bed thicknesses, harvested corn moisture content (low and high), and assess the effective treatment protocol that discourages re-growth/germination of aflatoxin-producing fungal spores on grain post-treatment; consideration will be given to settings of air recirculation-rate in the IR heating zone, and conveyor belt-configuration. b. My program in collaboration with AMTek Inc. (the 915 MHz microwave manufacturing company) are testing the feasibility of using the new microwave heating technology to dry rough rice. Impact Delivery of the following processing factors: specific energy of microwave to achieve one pass drying of rough rice; extent to which supplied specific energy of microwave affect the milling degree of rice; relationship between the supplied specific energy during microwave treatment and the resulting head rice yield and sensory and functional properties; role of rice type and rice harvest moisture content on the microwave drying performance. Potential use of the microwave technology to dry parboiled rice
Publications
- Type:
Books
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Pan, Z., and G.G. Atungulu. 2010. Infrared Heating for Food and Agricultural Processing. (Eds), CRC Press, Florida, USA. p 1-284.
- Type:
Books
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Steve C. Ricke, Griffiths G. Atungulu, Chase E. Rainwater, Si Hong Park. 2017. Food and Feed Safety Systems and Analysis. Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier, London Wall, London EC2Y 5AS, United Kingdom
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Griffiths Atungulu. Infrared Food Processing Technology: Fundamentals and Case Studies of Recent Advances in Grain Processing. In: Alternatives to Conventional Food Processing: 2nd Edition Edited by Andrew Proctor. Green Chemistry Series No. 53. The Royal Society of Chemistry; Thomas Graham House, Science Park, Milton Road Cambridge CB4 0WF, UK. (In Press).
G.G. Atungulu, Z. Mohammadi-Shad and S. Wilson. 2017. Mycotoxin Issues in Pet Food. In: Food and Feed Safety Systems and Analysis. Steve C. Ricke, Griffiths G. Atungulu, Chase E. Rainwater, Si Hong Park (eds). Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier, London Wall, London EC2Y 5AS, United Kingdom. Pg. 25-39.
Gbenga A. Olatunde and Griffiths G. Atungulu. Emerging Pet Food Drying and Storage Strategies to Maintain Safety. In: Food and Feed Safety Systems and Analysis. Steve C. Ricke, Griffiths G. Atungulu, Chase E. Rainwater, Si Hong Park (eds). Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier, London Wall, London EC2Y 5AS, United Kingdom. Pg. 45-58.
Anne Huss, Roger Cochrane, Cassie Jones and Griffiths G. Atungulu. Physical and Chemical Methods for the Reduction of Biological Hazards in Animal Feeds In: Food and Feed Safety Systems and Analysis. Steve C. Ricke, Griffiths G. Atungulu, Chase E. Rainwater, Si Hong Park (eds). Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier, London Wall, London EC2Y 5AS, United Kingdom. Pg. 83-92.
Xuhui Zhuang, Chen Zhao, Keshun Liu, Peter M. Rubinelli, Steven C. Ricke and Griffiths G. Atungulu. Cereal Grain Fractions as Potential Sources of Prebiotics: Current Status, Opportunities, and Potential Applications In: Food and Feed Safety Systems and Analysis. Steve C. Ricke, Griffiths G. Atungulu, Chase E. Rainwater, Si Hong Park (eds). Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier, London Wall, London EC2Y 5AS, United Kingdom. Pg. 173-187.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Deandrae L. Smith, Griffiths G. Atungulu. 2017. Impact of drying deep beds of rice with microwave set at 915 MHz frequency on the rice milling yields. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 45 (2018) 220227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2017.10.009.
Olatunde G., Atungulu G., Deandrae Smith. (2017). One-pass drying of rough rice with an industrial 915 MHz microwave dryer: Quality and energy use consideration. Biosystems Engineering, 155, 33-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2016.12.001.
Atungulu G., Thote S., and Wilson S. 2017. Dry Matter Loss for Hybrid Rough Rice Stored under Reduced Oxygen Conditions. Cereal Chemistry. 94 (3): 497-501.
Okeyo A., Olatunde G., Atungulu G., Sadaka S., McKay T. 2017. Infrared Drying Characteristics of Long-grain Hybrid, Long-grain Pureline, and Medium-grain Rice Cultivars. Cereal Chemistry. 94(3):251-261.
Shantae A. Wilson, Griffiths G. Atungulu, Gbenga Olatunde. 2017. Quality, Decontamination, and Energy Use Considerations during Radiant-Heat and Tempering Treatments of Shelled Corn. Cereal Chemistry. 94 (4): 705-711.
Wilson S.A, Okeyo A.A, Olatunde G.A, and Atungulu G.G. 2017. Radiant heat treatments for corn drying and decontamination. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation. 41(1), 2017; 00e13193. doi:10.1111/jfpp.13193.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Deandrae Smith, Griffiths Atungulu. 2017. Impact of Drying Deep Beds of Rice With Microwave Set At 915 MHz Frequency on Rice Microbial Community Responses. Cereal Chemistry. (In press).
Deandrae Smith, Griffiths Atungulu, Sammy Sadaka, Stephen Rogers. 2017. Implications of Microwave Drying Using 915 MHz Frequency on Rice Physicochemical Properties. Cereal Chemistry. (In press)
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Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:This project provided information pertinent to in-bin grain management, specifically corn drying and storage in the Arkansas. The target audience included corn producers, processors, research and development community including students, engineers and scientists. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? 2 students trained: 1 undegraduate and 1 graduate student learned microbial analyses and appreciated role of microbes in on-farm drying systems storage and management 1 post-doc trained on performing simulations for an on-farm in-bin drying and storage ecosystems. Activities at the2016 commodity Classic Meeting in New Orleans and NC-213 Meeting in Austin Texas: Educated several grain producers on performance of recently-introduced technology for in-bin drying/storage of grains and key strategies to achieve sucessful operation How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Four conferences and presentations: Griffiths G. Atungulu. 2016. Reducing Aflatoxin Contamination of Corn in On-farm Bin Drying and Storage Systems. National Corn Growers Association's (Courtersy of Aflatoxin Mitigation Center of Excellence Program) Meeting, New Orleans, LA, Hilton Riverside, March 1, 2016. Griffiths G. Atungulu. 2016. Engineering Strategies to Reduce Aflatoxin Contamination of Corn in On-farm Bin Drying and Storage Systems. Corn Utilization and Technology Conference, Mycotoxin Sessions, Sheraton Westport Chalet Hotel, 191 Westport Plaza, St. Louis, MO, June 2016. Griffiths G. Atungulu. 2016. Challenges in on-farm drying of Soybeans with Recently introduced in-bin drying and storage systems. NC213- Marketing and Delivery of Quality Grains and BioProcess Coproducts (Multi-state Research Project), March 2, 2016, Austin TX Griffiths G. Atungulu. 2016. Simulation and Validation of On-Farm In-Bin Drying and Storage of Rough Rice. NC213- Marketing and Delivery of Quality Grains and BioProcess Coproducts (Multi-state Research Project), March 2, 2016, Austin TX What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Perform additional simulations and analyze the the lab-based and simulation results Write manuscriptsand submit to peer reviewed journals to document key findings Perform experiments using selective infrared heating to inactivate the aspergiullus flavus mold on corn. With the mold spore inactivated there is promise of reduced risk of the toxin formation on the grain during storage.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Mathematical models were developed, in-bin drying and storage algorithms were written in a visual basic program, a user-friendly computer platform was built, and simulations were performed to comprehensively investigate consequences of using different natural air drying strategies by considering factors such as air flowrate, corn harvest moisture content, drying-start date, and fan control options and impacts on corn drying duration, average bin moisture content and dry matter loss (DML) at representative corn-growing locations in US-mid southern states (USMS): Arkansas - Jonesboro, West Memphis, Stuttgart, Monticello/Greenville, Fort Smith; Mississippi - Greenwood, Natchez, Tunica, Vicksburg; Oklahoma - Anid Vance AFB, Guymon, Lawton, Woodward; Kentucky - Bowling Green, Lexington, Paducah, Owensboro. Data analyses show that corn drying clearly depends on weather conditions present with the right combination of air flowrate, drying-start date, harvest moisture content of corn, and fan control strategy being key parameters. The amount of air flowrate provided determined the drying rate and therefore, could limit the harvest moisture content of corn that can be dried without problems of excessive DML in the top layers of the bin. Based on the simulation results, 10 to 50 days were required to dry the wet corn at 22% to a final moisture content of 14% with supplemental heating of air (EMC+H) and air flowrate of 1.11- 4.46 m3 min-ton-1 (1- 4 cfm bu-1); the corresponding DML ranged from 0.4% to 1.5%. From corn safety standpoint, the key question that remains unanswered is whether some of the drying conditions resulting in DML less than 0.5% in the foregoing scenarios may be prone to aflatoxin formation on corn; especially when the corn is inherently contaminated with Aspergillus flavus - a toxigenic mold known to produce aflatoxin. In addition to simulations, we also tracked through lab-based studies, growth kinetics of A. flavus mold and the resulting aflatoxin formation on corn stored under different temperature (20-40°C) and relative humidity (75-95%) environment. Although these studies were performed under hermetic environments and without forced airflow, for safety purposes, and hence reduction in A. flavus /aflatoxin levels notable after 20 days, the results provided strong justification to explore mold growth kinetics and aflatoxin formation under wider ranges of corn moisture contents and storage durations; It was also reasoned that there is a need to understand how the kinetics would differ for naturally occurring fungal microbiome on corn sourced from different regions.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Griffiths G. Atungulu. 2016. Reducing Aflatoxin Contamination of Corn in On-farm Bin Drying and Storage Systems. National Corn Growers Associations (Courtersy of Aflatoxin Mitigation Center of Excellence Program) Meeting, New Orleans, LA, Hilton Riverside, March 1, 2016.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Griffiths G. Atungulu. 2016. Engineering Strategies to Reduce Aflatoxin Contamination of Corn in On-farm Bin Drying and Storage Systems. Corn Utilization and Technology Conference, Mycotoxin Sessions, Sheraton Westport Chalet Hotel, 191 Westport Plaza, St. Louis, MO, June 2016.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Griffiths G. Atungulu. 2016. Challenges in on-farm drying of grains with Recently introduced in-bin drying and storage systems. NC213- Marketing and Delivery of Quality Grains and BioProcess Coproducts (Multi-state Research Project), March 2, 2016, Austin TX
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Griffiths G. Atungulu. 2016. Simulation and Validation of On-Farm In-Bin Drying and Storage of grains. NC213- Marketing and Delivery of Quality Grains and BioProcess Coproducts (Multi-state Research Project), March 2, 2016, Austin TX
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Progress 03/11/15 to 09/30/15
Outputs
Target Audience:This project provides information pertinent to in-bin grain management, specifically corn drying and storage in the Arkansas, Oklahoma, Kentucky and Mississippi. The target audience included corn producers, processors, research and development community including students, engineers and scientist. Changes/Problems:The environment RH will be maintained using saturated salt solutions of NaCl, KCl and K2SO4. The use of closed systems in this study are adopted to comply with institutional lab safety protocols for A. flavus experiments. The A. flavus spores easily get airborne in open systems, and may jeopardize the health of researchers, and personnel sharing research resources or in the vicinity. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Invitation to give a presentation at the (1)Corn Utilization and Technology Conference (CUTC) in St. Louis. MO (June 6-8, 2016) to give a presentation in the Postharvest Aflatoxin Control Strategies session. This session will take place on June 7th (2) NC-213 Annual Meeting to be held March 1-2, 2016 in Austin, Texas. The meeting itself will take place at the Austin Convention Center. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?A progress report has been submitted to AMCOE What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?(1) To perform lab-based kinetic studies of mold growth leading to aflatoxin production, and dry matter loss in environmental conditions encountered during NA/LT drying of corn; (2) To perform lab-based kinetic studies to investigate the implications of different levels of MOG on the development of mold leading to aflatoxin production, and DML in corn; and (3) To perform field experiments for validating developed mathematical models. Major activities in the second year (2016) are outlined below : Task 1: Meeting to coordinate sampling/harvesting, transportation and analysis (setup of communication lines). Task 2: Analyses of mold (A. flavus), aflatoxin, and corn DML in simulated environments. Task 3: Analyses of effects of MOGs on mold growth, aflatoxin production, and DML for corn in simulated environments. Task 4: Sampling and analysis of mold and aflatoxin in on-farm drying bins. Task 5: Development of kinetic models to be used in the simulation and modeling of NA\LT drying of corn. Task 6: Data (statistical) analyses and report formulation.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The Aflatoxin Mitigation Center of Excellence (AMCoE) priority area that this research project responds to is providing the best management strategies for reducing aflatoxin in corn. The specific objectives of the study are as follows: To perform mathematical simulations using average weather encountered in United States Mid-Southern States, and delineate the critical conditions for natural air/low temperature (NA/LT) drying and storage of freshly-harvested corn; To perform lab- and field-based kinetic studies to be integrated with mathematical models to define the critical conditions during NA/LT drying that can achieve reduced microbial growth and aflatoxin development on currently grown corn hybrids; and To determine the levels of MOGs in the studied corn hybrids during harvest, and define through lab- and field-based kinetic studies the critical levels of MOG in the corn that ensure reduced mold and aflatoxin proliferation in the grain during NA/LT drying. This multistate project will be carried out in four states including Arkansas, Kentucky, Oklahoma and Mississippi. Progress to date (1) The PIs have had two meetings - the first at the beginning of the project and the second at the commencement of the harvest season. (2) Twenty-year (1995 to 2014), hourly weather data set of temperature and relative humidity corresponding to at least four locations in each state have been procured thus: Arkansas - Jonesboro, West Memphis, Stuttgart, Monticello/Greenville, Fort Smith; Mississippi - Greenwood, Natchez, Tunica, Vicksburg; Oklahoma - Anid Vance AFB, Guymon, Lawton, Woodward; Kentucky - Bowling Green, Lexington, Paducah, Owensboro. A computer simulatation program for in-bin drying of corn has been generated. (3) The simulation and data processing including statistical analyses are performed to determine implications of five fan control strategies used for natural air, in-bin drying of corn on drying duration, dry matter loss (DML), over-drying rate, and total drying energy consumption and cost. Consideration is given to drying start date, air flowrate used for drying, and initial moisture content of corn. (4) Lab-based studies have been initiated to determine the critical drying duration beyond which corn inoculated with Aspergillus flavus mold will start producing aflatoxin. These investigations are being carried for corn placed at different temperatures and relative humidities. The first set of experiment does not include the implication of MOGs. Also since A. flavus spores can easily get airbone in open systems, the lab-based studies are currently being carried out in closed environments. (5) Corn samples are being retrieved by the PIs from actual bins with recorded history of temperature and relative humidity to asses the incidences of mold growth and aflatoxin formation on corn during natural air, in-bin drying.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
AMCOE Project Progress Report - 2015 September 22, 2015
Title: Reducing Aflatoxin Contamination of Corn in On-Farm Bin Drying and Storage Systems
Principle Investigators: Griffiths G. Atungulu, Sam McNeill, Carol L. Jones & Jason Ward
Status: In Progress
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Wilson S. A., Atungulu, G.G., Couch, A., Sadaka, S. Radiant heating and tempering treatments for improving rate of moisture removal during drying of shelled corn. American Society of Biological and agricultural Engineers, Applied Engineering Journal, 31(5), 799-808. DOI 10.13031/aea.31.11243.
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